考研考博-英语-吉林城市职业技术学院押题密卷附带答案详解篇

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-吉林城市职业技术学院押题密卷附带答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第壹套一.全考点押题密卷-综合训练(共50题)1.单选题

Whenevertwoormoreunusualtraitsorsituationsarefoundinthesameplace,itistemptingtolookformorethanacoincidentalrelationshipbetweenthem.ThehighHimalayasandtheTibetanplateaucertainlyhaveextraordinaryphysicalcharacteristicsandthecultureswhicharefoundtherearealsounusual,thoughnotunique.HoweverthereisnointentionofadoptingMontesquieuviewofclimateandsoilasculturaldeterminants.Theecologyofaregionmerelyposessomeoftheproblemsfacedbytheinhabitantsoftheregion,andwhiletheproblemsfacingacultureareimportanttoitsdevelopment,theydonotdetermineit.

TheappearanceoftheHimalayasduringthelateTertiaryPeriodandtheaccompanyingfurtherraisingofthepreviouslyestablishedrageshadamarkedeffectontheclimateoftheregion.Primarily,ofcourse,itblockedtheIndianmonsoonfromreachingCentralAsiaatall.Secondarily,airandmoisturefromotherdirectionswerealsoreduced.

PriortotheraisingoftheHimalayas,thelandnowformingtheTibetanuplandshadadry,continentalclimatewithvegetationandanimallifesimilartothatofmuchoftherestoftheregiononthesameparallel,butsomewhatdifferentthanthatoftheareasfarthernorth,whichwerealreadydrier.WiththecomingoftheHimalayasandtherelativelysuddendryingoutoftheregion,therewasaseverethinningoutoftheanimalandplantpopulation.TheensuingincompletePleistoceneglaciationshadafurtherthinningeffect,butsignificantlydidnotwipeoutlifeinthearea.Thusaftertheendoftheglaciationstherewereonlyafewvarietiesoflifeextantfromtheoriginalcontinentalspecies.IsolatedbytheKunlunrangefromtheTarimbasinandTurfandepression,specieswhichhadalreadyadaptedtothedrysteppeclimate,andwouldotherwisehavebeenexpectedtoflourishinTibetan,theremainingnativefaunaandfloramultiplied.ArmanddescribestheTibetanfaunaasnothavinggreatvariety,butbeing"striking*'intheabundanceoftheparticularspeciesthatarepresent.Theplantlifeissimilarlylimitedinvariety,withsomeobserversfindingnomorethanseventyvarietiesofplantsineventherelativelyfertileEasternTibetanvalleys,withfewerthantenfoodcrops.Tibetan"tea"isamajorstaple,perhapsreplacingtheunavailablevegetables.

Thedifficultiesoflivinginanenvironmentatoncedryandcold,andpopulatedwithspeciesmoreusuallyfoundinmorehospitableclimates,aregreat.Thesedifficultiesmaywellhaveinfluencedtheunusualpolyandrous(一妻多夫制)societiestypicaloftheregion.Lattimoreseesthemaintenanceofmultiple-husbandhouseholdsasbeingpreservedfromearlierformsbytheharshconditionsoftheTibetanuplands,whichpermittednoexperimentationand"froze"thecultureswhichcamethere.Kawakita,ontheotherhand,seesthepolyandryasawayofeasilypermittingthebesthouseholdertobecometheheadhusbandregardlessofage.HisdetailedstudiesoftheBhoteavillageofTsumjedoseemtosupportthisideaofpolyandryasamethodoftalentmobilityisasituationwhereeventhebesttalentisbarelyenoughforsurvival.

Insum,thoughargumentscanbemadethatapre-existingpolyandroussystemwasstrengthenedandpreserved(insofarasithasbeen)bytherigorsoftheland,itwouldcertainlybeanoverstatementtolaycausativefactorsofanystrongernaturetotheecologicalinfluencesinthiscase.

1.Whatarethe“unusualtraitsorsituations”referredtointhefirstsentence?

2.Thepurposeofthepassageisto（

）.

3.Theauthor’sknowledgeofTibetisprobably

（

）.

4.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingwouldprobablybethemostagreeabletoMontesquieu?

5.ThespeciesoffaunaandfloraremaininginTibetafterthePleistoceneglaciationscanproperlybecalledcontinentalbecausethey（

）.

问题1选项

A.Patternsofanimalandplantgrowth.

B.FoodandfoodpreparationpatternsoftheuplandTibetans.

C.SocialandfamilialorganizationoftypicalTibetansociety.

D.Alloftheabove.

问题2选项

A.analyzethepossiblecausallinksbetweenTibetanecologyandsociety

B.describethesocialorganizationoftypicalTibetanvillages

C.describeTibetanfaunaandflora

D.analyzethemysteriesofthesuddenappearanceoftheHimalayas

问题3选项

A.basedonfirsthandexperience

B.theresultoflifelongstudies

C.derivedfrombooksonly

D.limitedtogeologicalhistory

问题4选项

A.Allregionshavedifferentsoilsandthus,differentcultures.

B.someregionswithsimilarclimateswillhavesimilarcultures.

C.Culturesinthesamearea,sharingsoilandclimate,willbeessentiallyidentical.

D.Theplantsofacountry,bybeingthefoodofitspeople,causethepeopletohavesimilarviewstooneanother.

问题5选项

A.areoriginallyfoundincontinentalclimates

B.aretheonlylifeformsinTibet,whichisasbigasacontinent

C.havebeenfoundinotherpartsoftheAsiancontinent

D.arefoundinlandmassthatusedtobeaseparatecontinent

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:A

第3题:C

第4题:C

第5题:A

【解析】1.推理判断题。题目提问‘第一句中提到的“不寻常的特征或情况”是什么？’根据第三段第一句“..thelandnowformingtheTibetanuplandshadadry,continentalclimatewithvegetationandanimallifesimilartothatofmuchoftherestoftheregiononthesameparallel,butsomewhatdifferentthanthatoftheareasfarthernorth,whichwerealreadydrier.青藏高原地带是干燥的大陆性气候，动物和植被与同纬度的相似，但是与更北的地区有些不同，那里更干燥。”可以推知A项动植物生长模式‘’符合其特征。根据第三段倒数第二句“Theplantlifeissimilarlylimitedinvariety,withsomeobserversfindingnomorethanseventyvarietiesofplantsineventherelativelyfertileEasternTibetanvalleys,withfewerthantenfoodcrops.Tibetan"tea"isamajorstaple,perhapsreplacingtheunavailablevegetables.这种植物的品种也同样有限，一些观察人士发现，即使是相对肥沃的东部藏谷，也不超过70种植物。只有不到10种粮食作物。藏文“茶”是主要的主食，也许可以取代不可缺少的蔬菜。”可知B项‘高原藏人的食物和食物制作模式’符合。根据第四段中“Thesedifficultiesmaywellhaveinfluencedtheunusualpolyandroussocietiestypicaloftheregion.这些困难肯定对当地后来不同寻常的一妻多夫制的出现产生了影响”可知，可知C选项‘典型的藏族社会家庭组织’符合。所以ABC选项都谈及到了这种不寻常的特征，所以D选项正确。

2.主旨大意题。题目提问‘这篇文章的目的是什么？’文章第一段最后一句‘Theecologyofaregionmerelyposessomeoftheproblemsfacedbytheinhabitantsoftheregion,andwhiletheproblemsfacingacultureareimportanttoitsdevelopment,theydonotdetermineit.一个地区的生态只造成该地区居民所面临的一些问题，而一种文化所面临的问题虽然对其发展很重要，但并不能决定它的发展。’指出生态会影响但不决定人文风气。最后一段尾句“Insum,thoughargumentscanbemadethatapre-existingpolyandroussystemwasstrengthenedandpreserved(insofarasithasbeen)bytherigorsoftheland,itwouldcertainlybeanoverstatementtolaycausativefactorsofanystrongernaturetotheecologicalinfluencesinthiscase.总而言之，尽管可以提出论点说，由于土地的严酷条件，已经存在的一妻多夫制得到了加强和保护(就目前而言)，但在这种情况下，把任何性质更强的原因因素都归罪于生态影响，那肯定是言过其实了。”谈及当地一妻多夫制的社会组织结构可能受到生态该环境的影响。因此，可推知A选项“分析青藏地区生态和社会之间的可能因果联系”正确。

3.推理判断题。题目提问‘作者对西藏的了解可能是什么？’本文并未谈及作者自己的经历和研究，而是分别引述了Montesquieu’sview和Armand的描述，以及Lattimore和Kawakita的观点，因此，作者对青藏高原的了解是C选项‘源于书本’。

推理判断题。题目提问‘根据文章，下列哪项最可能是Montesquieu同意的？’文章第一段介绍了青藏高原的地理特征和文化，然后提出“HoweverthereisnointentionofadoptingMontesquieuviewofclimateandsoilasculturaldeterminants.然而，不打算采用孟德斯鸠关于气候和土壤的观点作为文化决定因素。”因此，可以推知‘孟德斯鸠是环境决定论支持者，即外部环境决定人文风气’，C选项“在共享土地和气候的同一个地方，文化基本上是相同的”符合他的观点。

4.细节事实题。题目提问‘更新世冰蚀以后，仍然存在于西藏的动植物群可以成为大陆性的动植物群，是因为什么？’根据第三段中“Thusaftertheendoftheglaciationstherewereonlyafewvarietiesoflifeextantfromtheoriginalcontinentalspecies.因此，在冰川期结束后，原始大陆物种中仅存少数种类的生物。”所以，它们被称为大陆性动植物群是因为A选项‘它们原来是在大陆性气候中被发现的’。

2.单选题

Herinterestinredecoratingthebighousekepther（

）forawholeweek.

问题1选项

A.constrained

B.dominated

C.restricted

D.occupied

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。constrained“被强迫的”；dominated“占主导地位的”；restricted“受限制的’；occupied“使用中的；无空闲的”。句意：她热衷于给这个大房子重新装修，为此她会忙碌整个星期。选项D符合题意。

3.单选题

Eventoday,whenairandroadtravelhasmadeAfricasoreadilyaccessibletoEuropeansandAmericans,thereareinnumerableaspectsofAfricanlifewhichtendtotakeonebysurprise.Theunfamiliarlieshiddeneverywhere,andthepresenceofWesterncultureseemsmerelytoemphasizethisunfamiliarity.Basically,theessenceofourreac¬tiontothestrange,theunfamiliar,isasenseoffear.Everycountrycontainslandscapesthatarouseunease—whetheritbesomeremoteAlpinevalley,thewildlavenderfieldsofUpperProvince,oralonelyNorwegianfjordattwilight.ButinmyownexperienceWestAfricacontainsmoreweirdandeerieregions—rain-forest,mangroveswamp,parchedplainsofredearth—thananyotherplacethatIhaveseen.Itisnotonlyintheforeignerthattheselandscapesevokefear.AlargepartofalloldAfricanreligionsisdevotedtosoothingtheunknownandtheunseen—evilspiritswhichliveinaparticulartreeoraparticularrock,athousandvarietiesofghostsandwitches,theever-presentspiritsofdeadancestorsorrelatives.IhavemyselfbeenkeptawakeatnightinCalabarbyafriendfromLagoswhowascon¬vincedthatthewitchesoftheeastwereouttogethim,orthathewasabouttobekidnappedandeaten.DuringfourandahalfhoursinacanoealongthecreeksoftheNigerdella,glidingoverthestillandcolorlesswaterbeneathanequallystillandcolorlessbutburningsky,I,too,haveexperiencedasenseoffear,oratleastasenseofawe.Ex¬ceptforthetickingofthelittleoutboardenginethesilencewascomplete.Oneitherhandstretchedthesilver-whiteswampsofmangrove,seeming,withtheirawkwardexposedroots,tobestandingknee-deepinthewater.Wherethecreeknarrowedyoucouldpeerdeepintothesethicketsofmangroves—vistassecret,interminableandsomehowmeaningless.Therewasnosignoflifeexceptfortheshrillscreechofsomeunseenbird.

IwasonmywaytotheancientslavingportofBonny,whichwereachedinlateafternoon.Scramblingupsomederelictstonesteps(slitherywithslimeandwhichhadmanagedtodetachthemselvesfromthelanding-stagesothatyouhadtojumpatwo-footgaptoreachwetland),1foundmyselfinanareaofblackmudandtumbledblocksofstone.

1.TherearefeaturesofWesternculturewhicharepresentinWestAfrica（）.

2.AlotoftheoldAfricanreligionhastodowith（）

3.Theauthorwaskeptawakeby（）.

4.“Mangrove”means（）

问题1选项

A.ThisfactmakesiteasiertoaccepttheunfamiliarityofWestAfrica,

B.ThisfactmakesWestAfricaseemevenstranger.

C.ThisfactmakesnodifferencetoourreactiontoWestAfrica.

D.Thisfacthasbeengreatlyoveremphasized.

问题2选项

A.kidnappingpeople

B.keepingthespiritsawake

C.humansacrifice

D.keepingthespiritshappy

问题3选项

A.aghost

B.hisfriend

C.thewitches

D.eeriefeelings

问题4选项

A.asortofbird

B.asortofman

C.asortoftree

D.asortofanimal

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:D

第3题:B

第4题:C

【解析】1.根据文章第一段第二句，“thepresenceofWesterncultureseemsmerelytoemphasizethisunfamiliarity”，推断出西非文化似乎表现出得更加陌生，选项B符合题意。

2.根据文章第一段第七句，“tosoothingtheunknownandtheunseen—evilspirits”，可推断一些宗教是为了抚慰那些未知的死去的灵魂。选项D符合题意。

3.根据文章第一段，“IhavemyselfbeenkeptawakeatnightinCalabarbyafriendfromLagos”，可推断我是因为朋友而不能入睡。选项B符合题意。

4.根据文章第一段，“withtheirawkwardexposedroots,tobestandingknee-deepinthewater.”句意：它们的根暴露出来，站立在齐膝深的水中。可推断出mangrove应该是一种树，选项C符合题意。

4.单选题

Intoday'sworld,insuranceplaysavitalroleintheeconomicandsocialwelfareoftheentirepopulation.Thewishtoguardagainstdangerstolifeandpropertyisbasictohumannature.Byusingvariouskindsofinsurance,societyhasbeenabletoreducetheeffectsofsuchhazards.

Nowhereisinsurancemoreimportantthaninthemanagementofabusiness.Inmanyinstanceslossesinasmallfirmcanmeanthedifferencebetweengrowthandfailure,vitalityandstagnation.Veryfewsmallbusinesseshaveevenaportionofthefinancialsourcesavailabletolargerenterprises.Frequentlytheymustoperateonaveryslightmarginiftheyhopetostayinbusiness.Andthus,theyareparticularlysensitivetounexpectedlosses.

Withoutenoughinsurance,whathappenstosuchafirmwhentheownerdiesorissuddenlydisabled?Whenafirebreaksoutanddestroysthefirm’sbuildingorstock?Whenanemployeeisfoundtohavestolencompanyfunds?Whenacustomerisawardedaliabilityjudgmentforanaccident?Toooften,thebusinessisforcedtothewall;itsfutureoperationsdrasticallycurbed;sometimes,itisdamagedbeyondrepair;itsabilitytocontinuecompletelycrushed.

Almostalways,asmallbusinessmanwouldfinditimpossibletohandlethefullburdenofhispotentialrisk.Theamountofmoneyhewouldhavetosetasidetocoverpossiblelosseswouldleavehimnothingoralmostnothingtorunhisbusinesswith.Iflossesweretooccurwhichhecouldrepairbyusinghisreservefund,whatassurancewouldhehavethatanotherloss-thesamekindordifferent——mightnotoccurnextweek,nextmonth?Butthenhewouldhavenoreservefundandlittlelikelihoodofstayinginbusinessatall.

1.Thisselectiondealsmainlywith（

）.

2.InParagraph3,“forcedtothewall”means“（

）.

3.Theauthorthinksthat

（

）.

4.AdequateinsurancewilldoallofthefollowingEXCEPTthatitwill

（

）.

5.Theword“curbed”inParagraph3isnearestinmeaningto（

）.

问题1选项

A.therelationbetweeninsuranceandsociety

B.accidentsandlosses

C.businessfailures

D.theimportanceofinsurancetobusiness

问题2选项

A.driventodespair

B.stayinginastrongposition

C.doingwell

D.climbingup

问题3选项

A.accidentsalwayshappen

B.abusinessmanshouldtakerisk

C.businessesshouldhaveadequateinsurance

D.insuranceisasocialwelfareproject

问题4选项

A.freesomebusinessfunds

B.addtobenefitsforemployees

C.relievesomemanagementproblems

D.provideforunexpectedincidents

问题5选项

A.checked

B.advanced

C.expanded

D.disturbed

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:A

第3题:C

第4题:B

第5题:D

【解析】第1题:主旨大意题。文章开篇就提到保险在整个经济和社会福利中起着至关重要的作用，第二段讲述了保险在企业管理中是最重要的，第三、四段讲述了没有足够保险的企业会面临怎样的后果。因此D选项“保险对企业的重要性”符合题意。

第2题:词义题。driventodespair意为“陷入绝望”；stayinginastrongposition意为“保持强势”；doingwell意为“经营盈利”；climbingup意为“上升”。由后面的itisdamagedbeyondrepair;itsabilitytocontinuecompletelycrushed可知前面表示不好的结果，因此选A。

第3题:观点态度题。文章主要讲述了保险对企业的重要性，因此C选项“企业应该有足够的保险”符合作者的观点。

第4题:推理判断题。文章第三四段提到了如果没有足够的保险，那么企业将遇到资金、意外事故、管理方面等问题，没有提到会增加员工福利，因此选B。

第5题:词义题。checked意为“选定的，有方格图案的”；advanced意为“先进的”；expanded意为“扩大的”；disturbed意为“扰乱的，心理失常的”。由前面的thebusinessisforcedtothewall可知此处表示不好的结果，itsfutureoperationsdrasticallycurbed（它未来的运营受到了极大的……），因此选D。

5.单选题

Aninterestingtheoryineconomicsis（1）bytheHeadManofasmallmountaintribe.Itseemsthatthistribewasverygoodatmakingstrawmatsthathadgreatsales

（2）

inthe

（3）

market.TherepresentativeofanAmericancompanywenttovisitthetribeandtriedtomakeagoodbusinessdeal.He

（4）

totheHeadManand

（5）

thathiscompanywouldliketo

（6）

severalthousandpieces.

Undoubtedly,hesaid,thebusiness

（7）

wouldbe

（8）

tothetribe.Aftersomethoughts,theHeadMan

（9）

,butannouncedthatthepriceperpiecewouldbe

（10）

insucha

（11）

orderthanitwouldbeif

（12）

asmallorderwereplaced.Therepresentativewas

（13）

thanalittleshocked

（14）

thebusinesssenseoftheHeadMan,

（15）

insistedthatthepriceshouldbe

（16）becauseofthelargevolume,and

（17）

nothigher.No,repliedtheheadofthetribe

（18）

.Butwhynot?askedtheAmerican.Because

（19）

issotiresometomakethe

（20）

articleoverandover,answeredtheHeadMan.

问题1选项

A.illustrated

B.appreciated

C.demonstrated

D.anticipated

问题2选项

A.capacity

B.potential

C.ability

D.fortune

问题3选项

A.straw

B.global

C.world

D.earth

问题4选项

A.addressed

B.spoke

C.asked

D.told

问题5选项

A.declared

B.confirmed

C.demanded

D.gestured

问题6选项

A.order

B.sell

C.dispose

D.make

问题7选项

A.treaty

B.pact

C.matter

D.deal

问题8选项

A.effective

B.efficient

C.valuable

D.profitable

问题9选项

A.agreed

B.accepted

C.refused

D.received

问题10选项

A.lower

B.higher

C.expensive

D.cheaper

问题11选项

A.small

B.big

C.vast

D.high

问题12选项

A.certainly

B.really

C.only

D.simply

问题13选项

A.greater

B.stronger

C.less

D.more

问题14选项

A.from

B.of

C.at

D.since

问题15选项

A.who

B.and

C.then

D.therefore

问题16选项

A.lower

B.higher

C.little

D.raised

问题17选项

A.never

B.really

C.certainly

D.yet

问题18选项

A.weakly

B.happily

C.stubbornly

D.hesitatingly

问题19选项

A.he

B.it

C.what

D.work

问题20选项

A.similar

B.beautiful

C.alike

D.same

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:B

第3题:C

第4题:B

第5题:A

第6题:A

第7题:D

第8题:D

第9题:A

第10题:B

第11题:B

第12题:C

第13题:D

第14题:C

第15题:C

第16题:A

第17题:C

第18题:C

第19题:B

第20题:D

【解析】（1）动词辨析题。illustrate举例说明，阐述；appreciate欣赏，感激；demonstrate展示，证明；anticipate预料，预期。句意：一个小山村部落的首领一个有趣的经济学理论。根据关键词“theory”可知选项C“证实....理论”最为恰当。

（2）近义词辨析题。capacity能力；potential潜力；ability能耐；fortune财富，运气。根据下文“一家美国公司的代表去拜访这个部落，试图达成一笔好生意。”说明这些草席是有销售潜力的，所以选项B更恰当。

（3）考查固定用法。worldmarket为固定用法，表示“国际市场，世界市场”。所以选项C正确。

（4）近义词辨析题。根据句意可知，这里是想表达美国公司的代表对部落首领说....。选项A太正式，一般用于书信表达；选项C意为请求，要求；选项D后面直接接sb.，不用介词to，所以只有选项B正确。

（5）动词辨析题。declared宣称，断言；confirmed证实，批准；demanded要求；gestured做手势。根据下文可知，这里指宣称他的公司将要订购几千个草席这件事件，所以选项A符合句意。

（6）动词辨析题。order订购；sell售卖；dispose处理；make制造。根据上文可知，这里是订购草席，所以选项A正确。

（7）考查固定搭配。businessdeal为固定搭配，意为“交易，生意”。选项D正确。

（8）形容词辨析题。effective有效的；efficient有效率的；valuable有价值的；profitable有利可图的。根据原文可知，这里涉及到达成交易，所以对于部落来说应该是有利可图的，所以选项D符合语境。

（9）上下文推断。根据下文“butannouncedthat...”可知，说明首领同意达成这笔交易，但是有一个条件。所以选项A正确。

（10）上下文推断。根据下文的“shocked”可知，这里提出来的条件应该是不合理的。所以填空处应表示价格高，再根据后面的than可知，这里应填入比较级，所以选项B正确。

（11）上下文推断。根据下文“than...asmallorder”可知，相对于小订单来说，这里应该是大笔的订单，两者形成比较。所以选项B正确。

（12）副词辨析题。根据句意：如果仅仅只是下小订单的话，那么大笔订单中每件的价格要更高。选项C和D都有“仅仅”的意思，但simply强调简单，所以选项C更恰当。

（13）考查固定用法。“morethanalittle”为固定用法，意为“十分，非常”。选项D正确。

（14）考查固定搭配。“beshockedat”为固定搭配，意为“对…感到震惊”。选项C正确。

（15）考查逻辑连词。根据原文可知，美国公司的代表先是感到震惊，然后坚持认为价格应该更低。选项C更符合语境。

（16）上下文推断。上文提到，部落首领认为大订单的单价要高于小订单的单价，美国公司的代表感到震惊，显然是觉得这个价格不合理，他觉得大订单的单价要低于小订单的单价，所以这里应填入“lower”，选项A正确。

（17）副词辨析题。never从未，绝不；really真正地；certainly当然，必定；yet还，已经。根据句意：因为数量大，当然价格不能更高。所以选项C符合语境。

（18）副词辨析题。weakly虚弱地，无力地；happily快乐地；stubbornly固执地；hesitatingly踟躇地。根据首领的回答“No”可知，他固执的拒绝了，选项C符合语境。

（19）考查语法结构。分析句子结构可知，本句真正的主语是后面的不定式，所以填空处应填入it做形式主语。选项B正确。

（20）词组辨析题。similar和alike都表示相似的；same相同的；根据下文“overandover重复，一遍又一遍”可知，这里指重复做同样的事情，所以选项D正确。

6.单选题

Themostimportantpartsofthecollectionareinaccessibletoscholar.

问题1选项

A.notuseful

B.notattractive

C.notclear

D.notavailable

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容词辨析。inaccessible表示“难接近的，难达到的”；A项notuseful“没有用的”，B项notattractive“不吸引人的”，C项notclear“不清楚的”，D项notavailable“难以获得的，不能利用的”。句意：学者们无法看到收藏的最重要的部分。因此D项正确。

7.单选题

Fortunetellersaregoodatmaking（

）statementssuchas“Yoursorrowswillchange”.

问题1选项

A.philosophical

B.literal

C.ambiguous

D.invalid

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容词辨析。philosophical意为“哲学上的”；literal意为“字面的”；ambiguous意为“含糊的，不明确的”；invalid意为“无效的”。

句意：算命先生擅长发表诸如“你的悲伤会改变”这样的模糊的陈述。

8.单选题

Historybeforetheemergenceofwritingaround3,000B.C.receivesbrieftreatment,（）itconstitutes99.9%ofthefive-million-yearhistoryofthehumanspecies.

问题1选项

A.because

B.although

C.that

D.when

【答案】B

【解析】语法题。空格前句提到书写于公元前3000年左右的历史知识得到了简短的称述，空格后句提到这个时间的历史构成了人类500万年历史的99.9%，所以前后两句是让步关系，选用让步连词although，选项B符合题意。

9.单选题

Alltherows,alltheethicalproblemsandallthemoneyspentinpursuingthehumancodeforlifewillhavebeenwellworthitifitfulfilsevensomeofitsmedicalpromise.

Thepotentialprizescertainlyglitter.Inthefarfuture,itmaybepossibletopreventgeneticdiseasesfrombeinginheritedbycuttingthemoutofthegenepoolonceandforall,so-calledgeneengineering.Atthenearerendofthetimescale,genetictestsareallowingpeopletochoosesuitabletherapiesandlifestylestobeatdisease.Andinbetween,liefurthertantalizingprospects:thousandsofnewdrugsforpreviouslyuntreatablediseases;drugstailoredtoindividuals,sowithfarfewersideeffects,theabilitytoreplacefaultygenes,short-circuitingdiseasesatsource.

Buttheworkofturningthebasepairdataintothegoldofnewtreatmentshasalreadybegun,accordingtoDr.FrancisCollins,headoftheUSNationalHumanGenomeResearchinstitute.Ikeepatallyofthegenesthatareresponsibleforhumandiseasesthatareidentifiedoverthecourseofyear.Inagoodyear,intimesgoneby,theremighthavebeentwoorthree.Lastyear,therehavebeen29discovered.

Privatecompanieshavealsocombedthedatatofindgenesthatplayrolesindiabetes,asthma,psoriasisandmigraines.ThemostextremesuggesteduseforthehumangenomedataiseditingtheDNAinheritancepasseddownfromonegenerationtothenext.Suchascenarioinvolvesidentifyinganabnormalgeneandthencorrectingitinthecellswhichareusedtopassgeneticinformationtooffspring.Nosubsequentgenerationwouldthenbeaffectedbytheirancestors’genedefect.However,suchirreversibleinterventiongenerationwouldthenbeaffectedbytheirancestors’genedefect.However,suchirreversibleinterventionwiththecodeforlifewillonlybeallowedaftermajorethicalreservationsandsafetyconcernsoverpossibleunexpectedresultsofthechangesareaddressed.

Thereislittledoubtthattherevelationofhumangenomewillbenefithealthcareintheshortandlongterm.Butmanyofthetreatmentswillbeexpensiveandwilldonothingtoavoidthedamagecausedbyviralandbacterialdiseases.IthasbeensuggestedthatabravenewworldawaitsusinwhichallailmentscanbemonitoredfromadailymouthswabinsertedintoaDNAreaderinourbathroomcabinets.ButDr.IanPurvissays,“Itcouldbethatlike,alongtimeinthefuture,butthatisbasedontheratherarrogantviewhumanityhasthatitwillunderstandeverythingwefind—andweneverhaveinthepast.”

1.Bysayingthatthe“potentialprizescertainlyglitter”,theauthormeansthat______.

2.Thechiefpurposeofgeneengineeringisto______.

3.Fromthefirstsentenceofthethirdparagraphwelearnthat______.

4.Theauthorwarnsthatintryingtoalterhumangenes,specialattentionshouldbepaidto______.

5.AccordingtoDr.Purvis,humanbeings______.

问题1选项

A.pursuingthehumancodeforlifecertainlyprovokesmuchdebate

B.geneengineeringfailstofulfilsomeofitsmedicalpromises

C.geneengineeringwillcertainlyprovetobeafruitfulresearch

D.potentialprizesforgeneresearchhaveactuallyprovedtobesmall

问题2选项

A.developdrugssuitedtoeachindividualwithfewersideeffects

B.preventfaultygenesfrompassingontothenextgeneration

C.developdrugsforpreviouslyuntreatablediseases

D.workoutthebesttherapyfortheterminallyill

问题3选项

A.actu