考研考博-英语-四川师范大学押题密卷附带答案详解篇

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-四川师范大学押题密卷附带答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第壹套一.全考点押题密卷-综合训练(共50题)1.单选题

InvestorsarebeingencouragedtocontinueploughingtheirsavingsintothestockmarketaftersharesinLondonrecoveredallthelossesincurredsinceSeptember11.TheadvicecomesdespiteAmerica’sDowJonesindustrialaveragetumblingonFridayafteracaseofanthraxwasdiagnosedinNewYork.ConsumerspendinginAmericaalsoslumpedbymorethanthreetimeseconomists’predictionsinSeptember,pushingsharepricesbackbelowpre-attacklevels.

TheFTSE100indexofBritain’slargestcompaniesclosedonFridayat5,145—up112pointsonitsSeptember10close.TheDowinNewYorkralliedlateontocloseat9,344,down66points.Althoughmostexpertsarepredictingfurthervolatilityinthecomingmonths,theyremaincautiouslyoptimisticthattheFTSE100willbeginasustained,ifrocky,rallytowards5,500bytheendoftheyear.Theimmediateeconomicoutlookisstillbleak.SomecommentatorspredictthatAmericawillendurearecessionlastingsixmonths.TheyalsoexpectBritaintosufferasharpslowdown.Butanalystssaythemarketiswellplacedtoabsorbanyfurtherbadnews.

Sharpeconomicdownturnscan,perversely,begoodforthemarketbecausetheyforcefirmstobemorecost-efficient.Therefore,anyannouncementsaboutrisingunemploymentorcorporatestreamliningcouldhaveapositiveeffectonshares.Ofmoreconcerntoprivateinvestorsistheimpactthatanotherterroristattackwouldhaveonshares.Ifthisweretohappen,themarketwouldalmostcertainlyslumpagain.Buthistorysuggeststhatitwould,onceagain,makeupanylostgroundwithinweeks.

Expertsarethereforeurgingprivateinvestorsnottorepeattheirpastmistakes,whentheywaitedforasustainedrallybeforefeelingconfidentenoughtoinvest.Crosssaid,“It’speculiarthatinvestorsfeelit’ssafertoinvestafterthemarkethasrisenby25%thanwhenithasfallenby25%.Commonsensesuggeststhattheoppositewouldbemoreappropriate.”MikeLenhoffofGerrard,thestockbroker,saidthatifthemarkethit5500andremainedaroundthatlevelforsomeweeks,itwouldbeasignthatfurther,sustainedgainswereimminent.Hesaid,“Gettingbackto5500wouldbeimportant,becauseiftheindexstayedatthatlevel,thepsychologyofthemarketwouldchangesubstantially.Defensiveshareswouldbecometooexpensiveandbiginvestorswouldstartmovingintovaluestocks,whicharethetypeoffirmsthatdowellinaneconomicrecovery.”

Butprivateinvestorscouldbeforgivenfortheirpessimisticmood,asnearlyallIsabuyershavesufferedbiglosses.Butinvestorscantakesomecomfortfromthefactthatthenextthreemonthsaretraditionallythebest-performingperiodoftheyearforthestockmarket.DavidSchwartz,thestock-markethistorian,saidtheindexalmostalwaysroseintheperiodbetweenNovemberandApril.Since1974,themarketwentupon24occasionsbetweenNovemberandApril,byanaverageof15%,anddroppedonlythreetimes.Schwartzsaid,“It’snoguaranteeforthisyear,buthistoryisonourside.”

1.Welearnfromthefirstparagraphthat（）.

2.ThereasonwhysomeexpertsremaincautiouslyoptimisticabouttheFTSEisthattheybelievethat（）.

3.Inthepresentsituation,corporatedownsizingmay（）.

4.Expertsadviseprivateinvestorstoavoidtheirpastmistakesby（）.

5.Fromthelastsentenceofthepassage,wemayinferthatSchwartzbelievesthat（）.

问题1选项

A.FTSE100indexfellimmediatelyafterSeptember11

B.DowJonesindustrialindexisnowbeginningtopickup

C.Consumerspendingishavingapositiveeffectonthestockmarket

D.SharepricesinAmericahaverisencontrarytomostpredictions

问题2选项

A.theAmericaneconomywillbeabletoresistfurtherdownturn

B.theDowJonesindexinNewYorkwillstoptumblingsoon

C.themarketwillabsorbanyfurthershockfrombadnews

D.theeconomicsituationinBritainandAmericawilltakeanupturnin6months

问题3选项

A.sharpeconomicdownturn

B.produceapositiveeffectonshares

C.causethemarkettoslumpagain

D.enablethemarkettoregainanylostground

问题4选项

A.withholdinganyinvestmentuntilthemarkethasrisenby25%

B.investingwhentheFTSEralliesbackto5500

C.investingonlyinthosefirmswhichshowsignsofrecovery

D.investingwhenthestockmarketshowssignsofupturn

问题5选项

A.themarketwillbemostlikelytogoupbetweenNovemberandApril

B.themarketwilldropbyanaverageof15%betweenNovemberandApril

C.themarketwillnotlikelygoupinthenextthreemonths

D.itisquiterationaltotakeapessimisticaltitudetowardsthestockmarket

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:C

第3题:B

第4题:D

第5题:A

【解析】1.判断推理题。根据第一段的内容，在伦敦股市收复了9.11以来的全部损失后，投资者被鼓励继续将他们的储蓄投入股市。尽管美国道琼斯工业平均指数在纽约被诊断出炭疽病例后在周五暴跌，该建议还是出现了。九月份，美国的消费支出也下跌了超过经济学家预测的三倍，将股价推回到袭击前的水平之下。由此可知，“9•11”事件后，英国富时100指数立即下跌，选项A符合原文。

2.细节事实题。根据第二段最后两句“SomecommentatorspredictthatAmericawillendurearecessionlastingsixmonths.TheyalsoexpectBritaintosufferasharpslowdown.Butanalystssaythemarketiswellplacedtoabsorbanyfurtherbadnews.一些评论家预测，美国将经历长达6个月的经济衰退。他们还预计英国经济将急剧放缓。但分析师表示，市场已经做好准备，可以消化任何进一步的坏消息。”A选项“美国经济将能够抵御进一步的衰退”和B选项“纽约的道琼斯指数将很快停止下跌”在文中没有提及，选项D“英国和美国的经济形势将在6个月内好转”不符合原文。选项C“市场将消化任何进一步的坏消息”符合原文

3.细节事实题。根据第三段第二句“…anyannouncementsaboutrisingunemploymentorcorporatestreamliningcouldhaveapositiveeffectonshares.任何有关失业率上升或公司裁员的消息，都可能对股价产生积极影响。”所以选项B正确。

4.判断推理题。题干意思是“专家建议私人投资者避免过去的错误，在……”。根据倒数第二段第一句Expertsarethereforeurgingprivateinvertorsnottorepeattheirpastmistakes,whentheywaitedforasustainedrallybeforefeelingconfidentenoughtoinvest.（因此，专家们敦促私人投资者不要重蹈覆辙，不要等到股市持续上涨时才有足够的信心进行投资）和第四段ifthemarkethit5500andremainedaroundthatlevelforsomeweeks,itwouldbeasignthatfurther,sustainedgainswereimminent.（如果股市达到5500点，并在这一水平附近保持数周，这将表明，进一步持续的上涨即将到来）可推断，私人投资者可以在股市好转的时候进行投资，故D项“当股票市场显示好转迹象时进行投资”正确；B项“当富时指数回升至5500点时投资”与原文不符；由It’speculiarthatinvestorsfeelit’ssafertoinvestafterthemarkethasrisenby25%thanwhenithasfallenby25%.Commonsensesuggeststhattheoppositewouldbemoreappropriate.（奇怪的是，投资者觉得在股市上涨25%后投资比下跌25%时更安全；常识告诉我们，相反的措辞会更合适）可知，市场下跌25%比股市上涨25%后投资更安全，A项“在市场上涨25%之前不做任何投资”错误；C项“只投资那些有复苏迹象的公司”原文没有提到。因此，该题选择D项正确。

5.判断推理题。根据最后一段的最后一句“Schwartzsaid,‘It’snoguaranteeforthisyear,buthistoryisonourside.’Schwartz说，今年不敢保证，但历史总是站在我们这一边。”上文提到，股票市场历史学家Schwartz表示，股票指数在11月~4月期间几乎总是上涨的。所以选项A符合原文。

2.单选题

Shewonbecauseofherunflaggingenergyandwillpower.

问题1选项

A.indefatigable

B.involuntary

C.indifferent

D.infallible

【答案】A

【解析】【选项释义】

A.indefatigable不屈不挠的；不知疲倦的B.involuntary无意识的；不自觉的

C.indifferent漠不关心的D.infallible永无过失的；一贯正确的

【考查点】形容词辨析。

【解题思路】flag作动词，是“热情消退，疲乏”的意思，加上否定前缀un-，也就是“不知疲乏”的意思，A项词义与之相近，故该题选择A项。

【干扰项排除】B、C、D项词义不符合句中所选词汇。

【句意】她赢了，是因为她不屈不挠的精力和毅力。

3.单选题

Weareallmovedbythe（）ofthesepoorhomelesschildren.

问题1选项

A.plight

B.situation

C.condition

D.circumstance

【答案】A

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。plight“困境；境况”；situation“（在特定的时间和地方所处的）情况；形势；处境”；condition“（人或物处于）状况；状态，尤指人的健康状态好坏”；circumstance“（与某事或某人有关的）情况，情形，环境，或生活状态，尤指经济状况等，常用复数”。句意：我们都被这些贫穷的、无家可归的孩子的______触动了。根据关键信息poorhomeless，可知这些孩子是处于困难之中，因此选项A符合题意。

4.单选题

Beforethedisastrousearthquaketherewas（）chaos.

问题1选项

A.massive

B.ominous

C.suspending

D.imminent

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项massive“巨大的，大量的”；B选项ominous“预兆的，不吉利的”；C选项suspending“暂停，延缓”；D选项imminent“即将发生的，临近的”，句意：在灾难性的地震发生之前，发生了大规模的混乱。结合句意，只有A选项符合。

5.单选题

Wewouldjustassoonstayathome（）goforawalk.

问题1选项

A.than

B.but

C.as

D.so

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定句型。would(just)assoon...as意为“宁愿...也不...”。句意“我们宁愿待在家里也不愿出去散步。”所以选项C正确。

6.单选题

Ⅶ.(CivilandCommercialLaw)

AnglicanArchbishopRowanWilliamssetoffaninternationalfirestormonFebruary7,2008bysuggestingthatsome“accommodation”ofMuslimfamilylawwas“unavoidable”inEngland.Hissuggestion,thoughcarefullyqualified,promptedmorethan250articlesintheworldpresswithinamonth,thevastmajoritydenouncingit.England,hiscriticscharged,willbebesetby“licensedpolygamy,”barbaricprocedures,andbrutalviolenceagainstwomenencasedinsuffocatingburkas(穆斯林妇女穿的长袍).CriticsproclaimedthatMuslimcitizensofaWesterndemocracywillbesubjecttolegallyghettoizedMuslimcourtsimmunefromcivilappealorconstitutionalchallenge.ConsiderNigeria,Pakistan,andotherformerEnglishcoloniesthathavesoughttobalanceMuslimShari’a(伊斯兰教法)withthecommonlaw,othercriticsadded.Thehorrificexcessesandchronichumanrightsviolationsoftheirreligiouscourts—evenorderingthefaithfultostoneinnocentrapevictimsfordishonoringtheirfamilies—provethatreligiouslawsandstatelawsonthefamilysimplycannotcoexist.Caseclosed.

Thiscasewon’tstayclosedforlong,however.TheArchbishopwasnotcallingfortheestablishmentofindependentMuslimcourtsinEngland,letalonetheenforcementofShari’abyEnglishcourts.Hewas,instead,raisingawholeseriesofhardbut“unavoidable”questionsaboutmarital,cultural,andreligiousidentityandpracticeinWesterndemocraticsocietiescommittedtohumanrightsforall.Whatformsofmarriageshouldcitizensbeabletochoose,andwhatforumsofreligiousmarriagelawshouldstategovernmentsberequiredtorespect?HowshouldMuslimsandotherreligiousminoritieswithdistinctivefamilynormsandculturalpracticesbeaccommodatedinasocietydedicatedtoreligiouslibertyandself-determination,andtoreligiousequalityandnon-discrimination?Arelegalpluralismandeven“personalfederalism”necessarytoprotectMuslimsandotherreligiousbelieverswhoareconscientiouslyopposedtotheliberalvaluesthatinformmodernstatelawsonsex,marriage,andfamily?IseveryconstitutionalaccommodationofMuslimfamilylawandShari’acourtsadangerousstepontheslipperyslopetowardempoweringthatfaith,someofwhoseleaderssubverttheverydemocraticandhumanrightsvaluesthatnowofferthemprotection?Theseandotherhardquestionsarebecoming“un¬avoidable”formanymodernWesterndemocracieswithgrowinganddiverseMuslimcommunities,eachmakingnewandeverlouderdemands.IfcurrentgrowthratesofMuslimcommunitiesintheWestcontinue,agenerationfromnowtheDanishcartoon“crisis”isgoingtoseemlikechild’splay.

75.Thebesttopicforthefirstparagraphis___.

76.Theauthorthinksthatthe“casewon’tstayclosedforlong”becausetheArchbishop___.

77.WhichofthefollowingquestionsdoestheauthorNOTaskinthesecondparagraph?

78.Thequestionsraisedbytheauthorarebecoming“unavoidable”formanymodernWesterndemocraciesNOTbecause____.

问题1选项

A.ArchbishopRowanWilliamssetsaninternationalfirestorm

B.CriticstoArchbishopRowanWilliams’suggestion

C.EnglandcannotacceptMuslimfamilylaw

D.Religiouslawsandstatelawsonthefamilysimplycannotcoexist

问题2选项

A.wasraisingfundamentalquestionsofhumanrightsforall

B.wasnotcallingfortheestablishmentofindependentMuslimcourtsinEngland

C.wasnotcallingforenforcementofShari’abyEnglishcourts

D.raisedquestionsrelatingtomarital,cultural,andreligiousidentity

问题3选项

A.Cancitizenschoosetheirmarriageforms?

B.ShouldMuslimsandotherreligiousbelieversbeprotectedbylegalpluralism?

C.Whatforumsofreligiousmarriagelawshouldstategovernmentsrespect?

D.IsconstitutionalaccommodationofMuslimfamilylawandShari’acourtsadangerousstep?

问题4选项

A.theMuslimcommunitiesaregrowinganddiverse

B.eachoftheMuslimcommunitiesismakingnewandeverlouderdemands

C.theDanishcartoon“crisis”isgoingtoseemlikechild’splay

D.thegrowthratesofMuslimcommunitiesintheWestcontinue

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:A

第3题:B

第4题:C

【解析】75.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】主旨大意题。根据题干定位到原文第一段中心句AnglicanArchbishopRowanWilliamssetoffaninternationalfirestorm1onFebruary7,2008bysuggestingthatsome“accommodation”ofMuslimfamilylawwas“unavoidable”inEngland.（2008年2月7日，英国圣公会(Anglican)大主教罗文•威廉姆斯(RowanWilliams)提出，在英国“不可避免”地“迁就”穆斯林家庭法，这引发了一场国际风暴）可知第一段的最佳主题是A选项“大主教罗文•威廉姆斯引发了一场国际风暴”；B选项“大主教罗文•威廉姆斯的建议遭到了批评”，C选项“英国不能接受穆斯林家庭法”以及D选项“关于家庭的宗教法律和州法律根本不能共存”只是第一段的片面内容，都是解释说明“大主教罗文•威廉姆斯引发了一场国际风暴”的具体内容，只有A选项足以概括第一段内容。因此A选项正确。

76.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】事实细节题。根据题干定位到原文第二段Thiscasewon’tstayclosedforlong…Hewas,instead,raisingawholeseriesofhardbut“unavoidable”questionsaboutmarital,cultural,andreligiousidentityandpracticeinWesterndemocraticsocietiescommittedtohumanrightsforall.（这个案子不会结案太久……相反，他（指前一句所提到的TheArchbishop“大主教”）提出了一系列关于婚姻、文化和宗教认同以及西方民主社会中致力于人人享有人权的做法的艰难但“不可避免”的问题）可知选A选项“提出了所有人的基本人权问题”；D选项“提出有关婚姻、文化和宗教身份的问题”和原文有偏差，没有A选项概括的那么全面；根据原文B选项“没有呼吁在英国建立独立的穆斯林法庭”和C选项“不是呼吁英国法庭执行伊斯兰教法”并没有回答为什么“案件不会持续很长时间”这一问题，排除。因此A选项正确。

77.【试题答案】B

【试题解析】事实细节题。根据题干定位到第二段Arelegalpluralismandeven“personalfederalism”necessarytoprotectMuslimsandotherreligiousbelieverswhoareconscientiouslyopposedtotheliberalvaluesthatinformmodernstatelawsonsex,marriage,andfamily?（法律多元主义甚至“个人联邦制”是否有必要保护穆斯林和那些自觉反对为现代州性、婚姻和家庭法律提供信息的自由价值观的其他宗教信仰者们？）可知B选项“穆斯林和其他宗教信徒应该受到法律多元化的保护吗？”和原文有偏差，原文对于“其他宗教信徒”有“自觉反对为现代州性、婚姻和家庭法律提供信息的自由价值观”这一限定，而B选项范围过大；第二段Whatformsofmarriageshouldcitizensbeabletochoose,andwhatforumsofreligiousmarriagelawshouldstategovernmentsberequiredtorespect?（公民应该选择什么样的婚姻形式，州政府应该尊重什么样的宗教婚姻法论坛？）对应A选项“公民可以选择自己的婚姻形式吗？”和C选项“国家政府应该尊重哪些宗教婚姻法论坛？”；第二段IseveryconstitutionalaccommodationofMuslimfamilylawandShari’acourtsadangerousstepontheslipperyslopetowardempoweringthatfaith,someofwhoseleaderssubverttheverydemocraticandhumanrightsvaluesthatnowofferthemprotection?（宪法对穆斯林家庭法和伊斯兰法庭的每一个通融是否都是朝着赋予这种信仰权力的方向迈出的危险的一步，他们的一些领导人颠覆了现在为他们提供保护的非常民主和人权的价值观？）对应D选项“宪法对穆斯林家庭法和伊斯兰教法的适应是危险的一步吗?”。因此B选项符合题意。

78.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】事实细节题。根据题干定位到原文第二段末尾Theseandotherhardquestionsarebecoming“un-avoidable”formanymodernWesterndemocracieswithgrowinganddiverseMuslimcommunities,eachmakingnewandeverlouderdemands.IfcurrentgrowthratesofMuslimcommunitiesintheWestcontinue,agenerationfromnowtheDanishcartoon“crisis”isgoingtoseemlikechild’splay.（随着穆斯林群体的不断壮大和多样化，每个人都提出了越来越强烈的新要求，对于许多现代西方民主国家来说，这些和其他棘手的问题正变得“无法避免”。如果西方穆斯林社区目前的增长速度继续下去，那么从现在开始的一代人看来，丹麦漫画《危机》将像儿戏）可知A选项“穆斯林社区正在成长和多样化”，B选项“每一个穆斯林社区都在提出新的、更响亮的要求”以及D选项“穆斯林社区在西方继续增长”都是导致作者提出的问题对许多现代西方民主国家来说正变得“不可避免”的原因，而C选项“丹麦漫画《危机》看起来就像儿戏”是这些问题会导致的结果。因此C选项符合题意。

7.单选题

Thediscrepantinthecompanyaccountsisso（）thatnoauditorcouldhavefailedtonoticeit.

问题1选项

A.spontaneous

B.conspicuous

C.notorious

D.superfluous

【答案】B

【解析】考查同形词词义辨析。spontaneous“自发的；无意识的”；conspicuous“显而易见的”；notorious“臭名昭著的”；superfluous“多余的；奢侈的”，根据that后面的内容“任何一个审计员都能够发现”可知此处的discrepant“差异”非常明显，所以此处应该使用conspicuous。句意：这个公司账目上的不符非常……，任何一个审计员都能够发现。故正确答案为选项B。

8.单选题

Togiveyouageneralideaofourproducts,weenclosethecataloguesshowingvariousproductshandledbyuswithdetailed（）andmeansofpacking.

问题1选项

A.samples

B.specimens

C.inspections

D.specifications

【答案】D

【解析】考查名词辨析。sample样品；specimen样本；inspection视察，检查；specification规格，说明书。向客户寄送的产品目录中应包含对于产品的详细说明书。故D项正确。句意：为了让您对我们的产品有一个大致的了解，随信附上产品目录，其中包括我们所经营的各种产品的详细说明书，以及包装方法。

9.单选题

Ahumanbeingisquite（

）creature,fortheglossofrationalitythatcovershisorherfearsand（

）isthinandofteneasilybreached.

问题1选项

A.afrail...insecurity

B.avaliant...phobias

C.anambitious...morality

D.aludicrous...laughter

【答案】A

【解析】形容词和名词词义辨析题。A选项的frail‘脆弱的，身体虚弱的”；insecurity“不安全，无保障”；B选项的valiant“勇敢的”；phobia“恐惧，厌恶”；C选项的ambitious“有野心的，有强烈欲望的，有抱负的”;morality“道德，品行”;D选项的ludicrous“滑稽的，荒唐可笑的”;laughter“笑，笑声”。根据句意‘人类是一种极为脆弱的生物体，因为掩盖着其恐惧心和不安全感的那层理性的外表是那么的薄弱，且常常易于破裂’确定A选项正确。

10.单选题

Hewasconstraininghismindnotto（

）fromthelecture.

问题1选项

A.wonder

B.wander

C.cruise

D.travel

【答案】B

【解析】【试题解析】考查动词辨析。A选项wonder“想知道；惊讶”；B选项wander“不集中，走神”；C选项cruise“巡航，巡游；漫游”；D选项travel“旅行”。填入一个动词构成不定式做宾补说明hismind“他的思想”，由此可知wander“（因厌倦或焦虑而注意力）不集中，走神”符合题意，句意为：他在限制他的思想不要在课堂上分心。故答案选B。

11.翻译题

BritishpreviouscolonialpoliciesledtothespreadofEnglishacrosstheworld.ThiswideuseofEnglishhasbeenreinforcedbythesweepinginfluenceoftheU.S.However,thedominanceofEnglishasaninternationallanguageisconsideredbothablessingandacurse.Foronething,ithasacceleratedtheextinctionofsomelanguages.Peoplehavebeenwonderingaboutthepossibilityofcreatingagloballanguagewhichmightholdpromisesforanendtolanguage-causedtroublesandconflicts.Unfortunately,attemptstoharmonizeworldlanguageshavemetwithlittlesuccessasaresultofthereluctanceofnativespeakersofaparticularlanguagetoadoptanotherlanguageastheirmothertongue.Todiscardone’snativelanguageistohavethedistinctfeaturesofhisnationerased.

【答案】答：

英国以前的殖民政策导致了英语在世界各地的传播。美国的广泛影响又进一步加强了英语的广泛使用。然而，英语作为国际语言的主导地位既是好事，也是坏事。一方面，它加速了一些语言的灭绝。人们一直在想是否有可能创造一种全球语言，从而有望结束那些语言引起的麻烦和冲突。不幸的是，因为某一语言的本族语者不愿意把另一种语言当作自己的母语，世界语言一致的尝试收效甚微。抛弃自己的母语，就等于是抹掉自己民族的特色。

12.单选题

ThepolicestoppedmetheotherdayasIwasdrivinghome,becauseIwas（）thespeedlimit.

问题1选项

A.transcending

B.exceeding

C.surpassing

D.overtaking

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项transcend“胜过，超越”；B选项exceed“超过，胜过”；C选项surpass“超越，优于”；D选项overtake“赶上，压倒”。四个选项都有“超过，胜过”的意思，但表示超速只能用exceed。根据句意“那天我开车回家的时候被警察拦住了，因为我超速了。”所以选项B正确。

13.单选题

Theencouragingfactoristhatthe（

）majorityofpeoplefindtheideaofchangeacceptable.

问题1选项

A.numerous

B.vast

C.most

D.massive

【答案】B

【解析】固定搭配。thevastmajorityof指“绝大部分，绝大多数”。选项B正确。

14.单选题

Bycontrast,Americanmothersweremorelikely（

）theirchildren’ssuccess（

）naturaltalent.

问题1选项

A.tocontribute...to

B.toattribute...in

C.toattribute…to

D.tocontribute…in

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定搭配。句意：相反地，美国母亲更倾向于把他们孩子的成功（）天生的才能。这里根据固定搭配排除B、D；contributeto“有助于，促成”；attributeto“归因于”，这里结合句意，答案应该选C，把自己孩子的成功归因于天生的才能。

15.单选题

（

）foralongtime,thefieldsarealldriedup.

问题1选项

A.Therehasbeennorain

B.Havingnorain

C.Therehavingbeennorain

D.Therebeingnorain

【答案】C

【解析】考查非谓语动词。逗号后面的是一个完整的句子，所以前面应该用非谓语结构，再根据foralongtime可知要用到完成时，所以选项C符合题意。

16.单选题

Iamafraidthatyouhavetoalteryour（

）viewsinlightofthetragicnewsthathasjustarrived.

问题1选项

A.distressing

B.optimistic

C.indifferent

D.pessimistic

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容词辨析。distressing意为“使人痛苦的，令人苦恼的”；optimistic意为“乐观的，乐观主义的”；indifferent意为“漠不关心的”；pessimistic意为“悲观的，厌世的”。

句意：鉴于刚刚传来的悲惨消息，我恐怕你要你改变你乐观的想法了。

17.单选题

Catherine

won'tmindifyou（）her

workload—sheneedstheextramoney.

问题1选项

A.amountto

B.addto

C.putup

D.goon

【答案】B

【解析】amountto指等于,意味着；addto指增大；putup指呈现；goon指继续。句意：Catherine不会介意你加大她的工作量,她急需用钱。选项B符合句意。

18.单选题

Inthepackedhall,thepeoplesittingclosetome（

）meintothecomerlittlebylittle.

问题1选项

A.dragged

B.drew

C.frightened

D.wedged

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。drag“拖拉；拖曳”；draw“画；拉；吸引”；frighten“使惊吓；吓唬”；wedge“楔入；挤进”。句意：在拥挤的大厅，紧挨着我坐的人逐渐将我挤进了角落。选项D符合题意。

19.单选题

Extraordinarycreativeactivityhasbeencharacterizedasrevolutionaryflyinginthefaceofwhatisestablishedandproducingnotwhatisacceptablebutwhatwillbecomeaccepted.Accordingtothisformulation,highlycreativeactivitytranscendsthelimitsofanexistingformandestablishesanewprincipleoforganization.However,theideathatextraordinarycreativitytranscendsestablishedlimitsismisleadingwhenitisappliedtothearts,eventhoughvalidforthescience.Differencesbetweenhighlycreativeartandhighlycreativescienceariseinpartfromadifferenceintheirgoal.Forthesciences,anewtheoryisthegoalandendresultofthecreativeact.Innovativescienceproducesnewpropositionsintermsofwhichdiversephenomenacanberelatedtooneanotherinmorecoherentways.Suchphenomenaasabrilliantdiamondoranestingbirdarerelegatedtotheroleofdata,servingasthemeansforformulatingortestinganewtheory.Thegoalofhighlycreativeartisdifferent:thephenomenonitselfbecomesthedirectproductofthecreativeact.Shakespeare’sHamletisnotatractaboutthebehaviorofindecisiveprincesortheusesofpoliticalpower,norisPicasso’spaintingGuernicaprimarilyaprepositionalstatementabouttheSpanishCivilWarortheevilsoffascism.Whathighlycreativeactivityproducesisnotanewgeneralizationthattranscendsestablishedlimits,butratheranaestheticparticular.Aestheticparticularsproducedbythehighlycreativeartistsextendorexploit,ratherthantranscendthatform.

Thisisnottodenythatahighlycreativeartistsometimesestablishesanewprincipleoforganizationinthehistoryofallartisticfield;thecomposerMonteverdiwhocreatedmusicofthehighestaestheticvalue,comestomind.Moregenerally,however,whetherornotacompositionestablishesanewprincipleinthehistoryofmusichasnobearingonitsaestheticworth.Becausetheyembodyanewprincipleoforganization,somemusicalworks,suchastheoperasoftheFlorentineCamerata,areofsignalhistoricalimportance,butfewlistenersormusicologistswouldincludetheseamongthegreatworksofmusic.Ontheotherhand,Mozart’sTheMarriageofFigaro(费力罗的婚礼)issurelyamongthemaster-piecesofmusiceventhoughitsmodestinnovationsareconfinedtoextendingexistingmeans.IthasbeensaidofBeethoventhathetoppledtherulesandfreedmusicfromthestiflingconfinesofconvention.ButaclosestudyofhiscompositionrevealsthatBeethovenoverturnednofundamentalrules.Rather,hewasanincomparablestrategistwhoexploitedlimitsoftherules,forms,andconventionsthatheinheritedfrompredecessorssuchasHaydnandMozart,HandelandBach,instrikinglyoriginalways.

1.Accordingtotheauthor,distinctionsbetweenthoseengagedinthecreativeartsandinnaturalsciencescaninpartbeexplainedby____.

2.WhydoestheauthorsuggestthattheworkofBeethovenwas,highlycreative?

3.Thepassageimpliesthatanoriginalcontributioninscienceisonethat____.

4.Whichofthefollowingwouldmostlikelyfollowthefinalsentenceofthepassage?

问题1选项

A.thedifferentobjectivesofthoseinvolvedintheirrespectivepursuits

B.thedifferentmethodstheyemployinthecollectionofdatatosupporttheirtheories

C.thedifferentwaysinwhichtheyattempttoextendacceptedconventionalforms

D.thedifferentprinciplesoforganizationthattheyutilizeinordertocreatenewworks

问题2选项

A.Becausehesoughttobecometheonlycomposerofhistimetochallengeacceptedmusicalconventions.

B.Becauseheadoptedanewprincipleoforganizationinhisworkbyutilizinginnovativestrategies.

C.Becausehecreativelymanipulatedtheacceptedrulesandformsgoverningmusicalcomposition.

D.Becausehesynthesizedatransitionbetweentheolderstylisticconventionandthenewermusicalform.

问题3选项

A.isoftenquotedintheworkofotherscientists

B.iscarefulnottomakeavaluejudgmentabouttheuseofdata

C.isapplaudedbyalldistinguishedexperimentalists

D.generatesanovelandwell-foundedgeneralization

问题4选项

A.Inthesimilarmanner,severalmoderncomposerssuccessfullyestablishedmusicalconventions.

B.Similarly,thesucceedinggenerationofcomposersmanipulatedacceptedmusicalforms.

C.IncontrasttoBeethoven,however,evengreatmoderncomposerslikeBelaBertokdidnotattempttoalteracceptedmusicalconventions.

D.Musicologistsarecontinuingtostudythecompositionalstylesofcomposersinordertodeterminewhethertheircontributionshavebeeninnovative.

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:C

第3题:D/r