考研考博-英语-广东财贸职业学院押题密卷附带答案详解篇

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-广东财贸职业学院押题密卷附带答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第壹套一.全考点押题密卷-综合训练(共50题)1.单选题

Sleepisafunnything.We’retaughtthatweshouldgetsevenoreighthoursanight,butalotofusgetbyjustfineonless,andsomeofusactuallysleeptoomuch.AstudyoutoftheUniversityofBuffaloreportedthatpeoplewhoroutinelysleepmorethaneighthoursadayandarestilltiredarenearlythreetimesaslikelytodieofstroke—probablyasaresultofanunderlyingdisorderthatkeepsthemfromsnoozingsoundly.

Doctorshavetheirownspecialsleepproblems.Residentsarefamouslysleepdeprived.WhenIwastrainingtobecomeaneurosurgeon,itwasnotunusualtowork40hoursinarowwithoutrest.Mostofustookitinstride,confidentwecouldstilldeliverthehighestqualityofmedicalcare.Maybeweshouldn’thavebeensosureofourselves.AnarticleintheJournaloftheAmericanMedicalAssociationpointsoutthatinthemorningafter24hoursofsleeplessness,aperson’smotorperformanceiscomparabletothatofsomeonewhoislegallyintoxicated.Curiously,surgeonswhobelievethatoperatingundertheinfluenceisgroundsfordismissaloftendon’tthinktwiceaboutoperatingwithoutenoughsleep.

“Icouldtellyouhorrorstories,”saysJayaAgrawal,presidentoftheAmericanMedicalStudentAssociation,whichrunsawebsitewhereresidentscanpostanonymousanecdotes.Someareterrifying.“Iwasoperatingafterbeingupforover36hours,”onewrites.“Iliterallyfellasleepstandingupandnearlyfaceplantedintothewound.”

“PracticallyeverysurgicalresidentIknowhasfallenasleepatthewheeldrivinghomefromwork,”writesanother.“Iknowofthreewhohavehitparkedcars.Anotherhita‘Jerseybarrier’ontheNewJerseyTurnpike,going65m.p.h.”“Yourownpatientshavebecometheenemy,”writesathird,becausetheyare“theonethingthatstandsbetweenyouandafewhoursofsleep.”

Agrawal’sorganizationissupportingthePatientandPhysicianSafetyandProtectionActof2001,introducedlastNovemberbyRepresentativeJohnConyersJr.ofMichigan.Itskeyprovisions,modeledonNewYorkState’sregulations,includean80-hourworkweekanda24-hourwork-shiftlimit.Mostdoctors,however,resistsuchinterference.Dr.CharlesBinkley,aseniorsurgeryresidentattheUniversityofMichigan,agreesthatsomethingneedstobedonebutbelieves“doctorsshouldbeboundbytheirconscience,notbythegovernment.”

TheU.S.controlsthehoursofpilotsandtruckdrivers.Butuntilsuchasystemisinplacefordoctors,patientsareontheirown.Ifyou’reworriedaboutthepeopletreatingyouoralovedone,youshouldfeelfreetoaskhowmanyhoursofsleeptheyhavehadandifmore-restedstaffersareavailable.Doctors,fortheirpart,havetogiveuptheirposeofinfallibilityandgettheresttheyneed.

21.Wecanlearnfromthefirstparagraphthat______.

22.Speakingofthesleepproblemsdoctorsfact,theauthorimpliesthat______.

23.Paragraph3and4arewrittento______.

24.By“doctorsshouldbeboundbytheirconscience,notbythegovernment”(paragraph5),Dr.CharlesBinkleymeansthat______.

25.Towhichofthefollowingistheauthorlikelytoagree?

问题1选项

A.peoplewhosleeplessthan8hoursadayaremorepronetoillness

B.poorsleepqualitymaybeasignofphysicaldisorder

C.strokeisoftenassociatedwithsleep

D.toomuchsleepcanbeasharmfulaslackofsleep

问题2选项

A.doctorsoftenneedlittlesleeptokeepthemenergetic

B.doctors’sleepisdeprivedbyresidents

C.doctorstendtoneglecttheirownsleepproblem

D.sleep-depriveddoctorsareintoxicate

问题3选项

A.entertaintheaudiencewithsomeanecdotes

B.discussthecauseofdoctorssleepproblems

C.showthehostilitydoctorsharboragainsttheirpatients

D.exemplifythedangerdoctorsfacecausedbylackofsleep

问题4选项

A.doctorsshouldnotabidebygovernment’sregulations

B.thegovernmentisinterferingtoomuch

C.theregulationsaboutworkweekandworkshiftaretoospecific

D.lawcannotforceadoctortosleepwhilehisconsciencecan

问题5选项

A.Patientsshouldcontrolthehoursoftheirdoctors.

B.Pilotsandtruckdriversworkinsaferenvironmentsthanthatofdoctors.

C.Patientsarefacingmorerisksiftheirdoctorsarenotadequatelyrested.

D.Peopleconcernedhavetherighttoremovetheirdoctorfromtheirpositions.

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:C

第3题:D

第4题:B

第5题:C

【解析】21.【试题答案】B

【试题解析】推理判断题。由题干可以定位到文章第一段最后一句probablyasaresultofanunderlyingdisorderthatkeepsthemfromsnoozingsoundly.（这可能是一种潜在的紊乱导致他们无法熟睡的结果。），说明潜在的紊乱可能导致人们睡眠质量不高，虽然睡眠时间长，但仍然感到疲惫。因此B选项“睡眠质量差可能是身体紊乱的表现”正确。A选项“每天睡眠时间少于8小时的人更容易患病”，原文说的是每天睡眠时间超过8小时但仍然感到疲倦的人更容易患病，所以A选项错误。C选项“中风常与睡眠有关”，D选项“睡眠时间过长与睡眠不足的危害一样大”在文中没有提及，所以C，D错误。

22.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】推理判断题。由题干可以定位到文章第二段最后一句Curiously,surgeonswhobelievethatoperatingundertheinfluenceisgroundsfordismissaloftendon’tthinktwiceaboutoperatingwithoutenoughsleep.（令人好奇的是，那些认为醉酒做手术应该被免职的外科医生对于在睡眠不足的情况下做手术却很少认真思考。），说明医生们虽然认为醉酒做手术应该受到严惩，但却不会考虑自己在睡眠不足的情况下做手术的问题。因此C选项“医生往往忽视自己的睡眠问题”正确。A选项“医生需要很少的睡眠就可以保持精力充沛”在文中没有提及，所以A错误。B选项“医生的睡眠被住院医生剥夺了”，原文说的是住院医生以缺少睡眠而著称，所以B错误。在D选项“睡眠不足的医生是喝醉了”，原文说的是一个人如果连续24小时不睡，那么到了早晨他的运动能力就和喝醉了酒的人差不多，并不是说睡眠不足的医生就是喝醉了，所以D错误。

23【试题答案】D

【试题解析】推理判断题。文章第二段指出医生睡眠不足以及医生对此缺乏重视的问题，接着在第三、四段举了几个例子Iliterallyfellasleepstandingupandnearlyfaceplantedintothewound.（我差不多站着睡着了，而且我的脸几乎碰到了伤口。），PracticallyeverysurgicalresidentIknowhasfallenasleepatthewheeldrivinghomefromwork…Iknowofthreewhohavehitparkedcars.Anotherhita‘Jerseybarrier’ontheNewJerseyTurnpike,going65m.p.h.（实际上我认识的每个外科住院医生都曾经有过在下班开车回家的路上在方向盘上睡着的经历……我听说有三个人还曾经撞在停放好的汽车上。另一个人在纽约收费公路上行驶时以65英里的时速撞上了一个收费站栏杆。），说明了睡眠不足的医生可能带来的危害。因此D选项“体现了医生因睡眠不足而面临的危险”正确。A选项“用一些趣闻轶事来娱乐读者”，B选项“讨论医生睡眠问题的原因”，C选项“表现出医生对患者的敌视态度”均不符合题意，所以A，B，C错误。

24.【试题答案】B

【试题解析】推理判断题。由题干可以定位到文章第五段第三句Mostdoctors,however,resistsuchinterference.（不过，大多数医生讨厌这种干涉。），并进一步引用CharlesBinkley医生的话进行论证doctorsshouldbeboundbytheirconscience,notbythegovernment.（医生应该受到良心的约束，而不是政府的管制。），说明CharlesBinkley也认为政府干预过多了。因此B选项“政府干涉太多”正确。A选项“医生不应该遵守政府的规定”，C选项“关于工作周和工作班次的规定过于具体化”，D选项“法律不能强迫医生睡觉，而他的良心却可以”均不符合题意，所以A，C，D错误。

25.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】观点态度题。由题干可以定位到文章最后一段最后一句Doctors,fortheirpart,havetogiveuptheirposeofinfallibilityandgettheresttheyneed.（对医生来说，他们不能继续摆出一副从不出错的样子，而应该得到充分的休息。），说明作者在最后给医生提出建议，认为医生应该放弃他们决不出错的姿态，得到充足的休息，否则病人就只能听天由命了。因此C选项“如果医生没有得到充分的休息，患者将面临更多的风险”正确。A选项“患者应该控制医生的工作时间”，B选项“飞行员和卡车司机的工作环境比医生的工作环境更安全”，D选项“有关人员有权解除医生的职务”在文中均没有提及，所以A，B，D错误。

2.翻译题

Beingunhappyislikeaninfectiousdisease.Itcausespeopletoshrinkawayfromthesufferer.Hesoonfindshimselfalonemiserable.Thereis,however,acuresosimpleastoseem,atfirstglance,ridiculous:ifyoudon’tfeelhappy,pretendtobe!

Itworks.Beforelongyouwillfindthatinsteadofpushingpeopleaway,youattractthem.Youdiscoverhowdeeplyrewardingitistobethecenterofwiderandwidercirclesofgoodwill.

Thenthemake-believebecomesareality.Beinghappy,onceitisrealizedasadutyestablishedasahabit,opensdoorsintounimaginablegardensfilledwithgratefulfriends.

【答案】不开心就像一种传染病。它使人们对不快乐的人敬而远之。不快乐的人很快就会发觉自己既孤独又悲惨，充满怨恨。但是，有一种乍一看似乎荒谬可笑，实际却非常简单的治愈方法，那就是：如果你不快乐，那就假装快乐吧!

这个办法的确行之有效。不久你就会发现，你不再排斥别人，而是开始吸引他们。你会发现被越来越多善意的人们包围的感觉是多么的值得！

于是，假装的变成了真实的。一旦快乐被认为是一种责任并成为一种习惯，它就会向我们敞开一扇好友云集的通向奇妙花园的大门。

3.单选题

Aspoliticalfanatic,hehasfoughtwithrevolutionariesallovertheworld.

问题1选项

A.incumbent

B.candidate

C.zealot

D.jealousy

【答案】C

【解析】考查名词辨析。A项incumbent“在职者，现任者”，B项candidate“候选人，候补者”，C项zealot“狂热者，犹太教狂热信徒”，D项jealousy“嫉妒，猜忌”。句意：作为一个政治狂热分子，他曾与世界各地的革命者斗争过。根据句意可知，fanatic在句中表示“狂热分子”。因此，该题选择C项。

4.单选题

Hewasangrywithhimselfforhavingfallena（）tohiswife’sfoolishtalk.

问题1选项

A.target

B.obscure

C.sacrifice

D.ambiguous

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定搭配。fallasacrificeto表示“成为……的牺牲品”。句意：他生自己的气，因为他成为他妻子愚蠢话的牺牲品。结合语境，故C为正确答案。

5.不定项选择题

Inthecollege-admissionswars,weparentsarethetruegladiators.We’repushingourkidstogetgoodgrades,takeSATprepcoursesandbuildresumessotheycangetintothecollegeofourfirstchoice.Wesayourmotivesareselflessandsensible.AdegreefromStanfordorPrincetonistheticketforlife.IfAaronandNicoledon’tgetin,they’reforeverdoomed.Gosh,we’redelusional.

I’vetwicebeentothewars,andasIsurveythebattlefield,somethingdifferentishappening.It’sone-upmanshipamongparents.Weseeourkids’collegepedigreesastrophiesattestingtohowwell-orhowpoorly-we’veraisedthem.Butwecan’tacknowledgethatourobsessionismoreaboutusthanthem.Sowe’vecontrivedvariousjustificationsthatturnouttobehalf-truths,prejudicesormyths.Itactuallydoesn’tmattermuchwhetherAaronandNicolegotoStanford.

Admissionsanxietyafflictsonlyaminorityofparents.It’struethatgettingintocollegehasgenerallybecometougherbecausethenumberofhighschoolgraduateshasgrown.From1994to2006,theincreaseis2.8percent.Still,64percentoffreshmenattendschoolswhereacceptanceratesexceed70percent,andtheapplicationsurgeateliteschoolsdwarfspopulationgrowth.

Wehaveafull-blownprestigepanic;weworrythattherewon’tbeenoughtrophiestogoaround.Fearfulparentsprodtheirchildrentoapplytomoreschoolsthanever.“Theepicentersofparentalanxietyusedtobeonthecoasts:Boston,NewYork,Washington,LosAngeles,saysTomParker,Amherst’sadmissionsdean.“Butit’sradiatedthroughoutthecountry.”

Underlyingthehysteriaisthebeliefthatscarceelitedegreesmustbehighlyvaluable.Theirgraduatesmustenjoymoresuccessbecausetheygetabettereducationanddevelopbettercontacts.Allthat’splausible-andmostlywrong.“Wehaven’tfoundanyconvincingevidencethatselectivityorprestigematters,”saysErnestT.PascarellaoftheUniversityofIowa,co-authorofHowCollegeAffectsStudents,an827evaluationofhundredsofstudiesofthecollegeexperience.Selectiveschoolsdon’tsystematicallyemploybetterinstructionalapproachesthanless-selectiveschools,accordingtoastudybyPascarellaandGeorgeKuhofIndianaUniversity.Somedo;somedon’t.Ontwomeasures-professors’feedbackandthenumberofessayexams-selectiveschoolsdoslightlyworse.

Bysomestudies,selectiveschoolsdoenhancetheirgraduates’lifetimeearnings.Thegainisreckonedat2percentto4percentforevery100-pointincreaseinaschool’saverageSATscores.Buteventhisadvantageisprobablyastatisticalfluke.Awell-knownstudybyPrincetoneconomistAlanKruegerandStacyBergDaleofMathematicaPolicyResearchexaminedstudentswhogotintohighlyselectiveschoolsandthenwentelsewhere.Theyearnedjustasmuchasgraduatesfromhigher-statusschools.

Kidscountmorethantheircolleges.GettingintoYalemaysignifyintelligence,talentandambition.Butit’snottheonlyindicatorand,paradoxically,itssignificanceisdeclining.Thereason:somanysimilarpeoplegoelsewhere.Gettingintocollegeisn’tlife’sonlycompetition.Inthenextcompetition—thejobmarket,graduateschool—theresultsmaychange.Old-boynetworksarebreakingdown.KruegerstudiedadmissionstoonelopPh.D.program.HighscoresontheGraduateRecordExamhelpedexplainwhogotin;IvyLeaguedegreesdidn’t.

So,parents,lightenup.Thestakeshavebeenvastlyexaggerated.Uptoapoint,wecanrationalizeourpushiness.Americaisacompetitivesociety;ourkidsneedtoadjusttothat.Buttoomuchpushinesscanbedestructive.TheveryambitionweimposeonourchildrenmaygetsomeintoHarvardbutmayalsosetthemupfordisappointment.Onestudyofstudents20yearsoutfoundthat,otherthingsbeingequal,graduatesofhighlyselectiveschoolsexperiencedmorejobdissatisfaction.Theymayhavebeensoconditionedtobeingontopthatanythinglessdisappoints.

Whatfiresparents’fanaticismistheirself-servingdesiretoannouncetheirownsuccess?ManySuccumb;Ididn’tlocatedmyidealschoolformydaughter.Shegotinandwentelsewhere.Takethat,Dad.Ilocatedtheidealschoolformyson.Heck,hewouldn’tevenvisittheplace.Pow,Dad.Theybothlovetheirschoolsandseemamplystimulated.FoolishDad.

6.Theword“gladiators”inthefirstparagraphprobablymeans（）

7.Theauthor’sattitudetotheparents’claim“ourmotivesareselflessandsensible”isoneof（）

8.Itcanbeinferredfromthefourthparagraphthat（）

9.WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutselectiveschoolsisTRUE?

10.Theauthorsuggeststhatparentsnotimposetheirambitionontheirchildrenbecause（）

问题1选项

A.colossus

B.commanders.

C.warriors.

D.gluttons.

问题2选项

A.antipathy.

B.apathy.

C.ambivalence.

D.dissent.

问题3选项

A.Americanyouthhavefewerchoicesbuttogotoeliteschools.

B.thecompetitionforeliteschoolsisfiercerintheUnitedStates.

C.theparentsshouldnotputtoomuchpressureontheirchildren.

D.thechildren’sfuturewillbebleakwithoutgoingtoeliteschools.

问题4选项

A.Selectiveschoolsofferbetterinstructionalapproachestotheirstudents.

B.Therearemoreassayexamsinselectiveschoolsthanotherschools.

C.Theirnewteachingmethodssecuretheirgraduates’highsalaries.

D.Theydon’toutperformotherschoolsintermsofprofessors’feedback.

问题5选项

A.toomuchpressuremightleadtounsatisfactoryresults.

B.theirownambitionshouldn’tberealizedbytheirchildren.

C.theirchildrenmightpracticejob-hoppingfrequently.

D.theirchildrenmightnotsharesimilarinterestswiththem.

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:D

第3题:C

第4题:D

第5题:A

【解析】6.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】词义推测题。由题干可以定位到原文第一段第一句Inthecollege-admissionswars,weparentsarethetruegladiators.（在大学入学的战争中，我们父母是真正的角斗士）。C选项“战士”与“角斗士”的意思相近，因此C选项正确。A选项“巨人”，不符合文章内容。B选项“指挥官”，不符合文章内容。选项D“贪吃的人”不符合词义，可排除。因此C选项正确。

7.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】观点态度题。由题干可以定位到原文第一段倒数第三句Wesayourmotivesareselflessandsensible.（我们说我们的动机是无私和理智的。）D选项“不同意的”正确，根据下文内容可推测，父母宣称是无私的和明智的是虚假的，因此作者不同意这个观点。A选项“反感的”，可排除。B选项“冷漠的”，作者态度并不是冷漠的，可排除。C选项“矛盾”，不符合文章内容，可排除。因此D选项正确。

8.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】主旨大意题。由题干可以定位到原文第四段（我们有一种全面的威望恐慌；我们担心没有足够的奖杯。恐惧的父母催促他们的孩子申请比以往更多的学校。阿默斯特学院招生主任汤姆•帕克（TomParker）说，过去，父母焦虑的中心集中在沿海地区：波士顿、纽约、华盛顿和洛杉矶）。选项C“父母不应该给孩子太多的压力”，文中所说父母催促孩子申请比以往更多的学校，因此可推测，父母给孩子的压力过大，C选项正确。选项A“美国年轻人的选择很少，只能去精英学校”，不符合文章内容，可排除。选项B“在美国，精英学校的竞争更加激烈”，不符合文章内容，可排除，选项D“如果不上精英学校，孩子们的未来将是暗淡的”，没有必然的关系。因此C选项正确。

9.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】推理判断题。由题干可以定位到原文第六段中最后一句Theyearnedjustasmuchasgraduatesfromhigher-statusschools.（他们挣的钱和那些地位较高的学校的毕业生一样多）。D选项“在教授反馈方面，他们的表现并不优于其他学校”，由挣钱这一点反映，他们的表现并不优于其他学校，D选项正确。A选项“重点学校为学生提供更好的教学方法。”文章第五段提到“名校并不比非名校系统地采用更好的教学方法”，因此A选项可排除。B选项“重点学校的考试比其他学校多。”第五段最后一句提到“教授的反馈和论文考试的数量——重点学校的表现略差”，B选项可排除。C选项“他们的新教学方法确保了毕业生的高薪”，文中第六段提到“他们挣的钱和那些地位较高的学校的毕业生一样多”，因此C选项可排除。因此D选项正确。

10.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】作者意图题。由题干可以定位到原文倒数第二段TheveryambitionweimposeonourchildrenmaygetsomeintoHarvardbutmayalsosetthemupfordisappointment.（我们强加给孩子们的雄心壮志可能会让一些孩子进入哈佛，但也可能会让他们失望）。由此可知选项A“太多的压力可能会导致不满意的结果”，符合文章内容，A选项正确。B选项“他们自己的抱负不应该由他们的孩子来实现”，文章没有提到父母的抱负让孩子实现，B选项可排除。C选项“他们的孩子可能经常跳槽”，文章没有提到此内容，可排除。D选项“他们的孩子可能和他们没有共同的兴趣爱好”，文章没有提到此内容，可排除。因此A选项正确。

6.翻译题

Thedimensionsoftourismareastonishing.In2012，theU.N.tourismorganizationcelebratedreaching1billioninternationaltripsinasingleyear.Ingrosseconomicpoweritisinthesamecompanyasoil,energy,financeandagriculture.Atleastoneoutofeverytenpeoplearoundtheworldisemployedbytheindustry,accordingtoWolfgangWeinzoftheInternationalLabourOrganization.

Travelhasalsobecomeadefaultfund-raisingtechnique.（1）Todaypoornationsseetourismastheirbestbetoutofpoverty，secondonlytooilandenergyasthemajorengineofdevelopment.Thailandistheworld’sbiggestexporterofrice,yetitstourismisitsnum-ber-onemoneyearner.CostaRicahasturneditswildernessintoavenueforhighlyprofita-bleecotcurism.AssoonasSriLanka,andnowBurma，beganseeinganendtoconflict,theyopenedthedoortoarushoftourists.AftertheArabSpringuprising,Egyptsentoutapleatocruisecompaniesandtouroperatorstoreturnandkick-starttheeconomy

（2）TheU.N.tourismorganizationnowplacespovertyreductionasoneofitstopob-jectives，alongwiththehigh-mindedidealsofimprovinginternationalpeaceandprosperi-ty.SincetheendoftheColdWarandtheopeningoftheworldfortravel，tourismhasbe-comeanimportantsourceofforeignexchangefortheworld’spoorestnations,oftentheonlyone.Whiletourismrequiressomeinfrastructure,fromairfieldstomodernhigh-ways.Itislessexpensivethanbuildingfactories.Intheory,poorcountriesshouldbeabletousethenewrevenuefromthetourismindustrytopayfortheinfrastructurewhileraisingstandardsoflivingandimprovingtheenvironment.Onehundredoftheworld’spoorestna-tionsdoearnupto5percentoftheirgrossnationalproductfromforeigntouristswhomar-velattheirexoticcustoms，buysuitcasesofsouvenirsandtakeinnumerablephotographsofstunninglandscapes.

（3）Butjustastourismiscapableofliftinganationoutofpoverty，itisjustaslikelytopollutetheenvironment，reducestandardsoflivingforthepoorbecausetheprofitsgotointernationalhotelchainsandcorruptlocalelites，andcatertotheworstoftourism,in-cludingcondemningchildrentheexploitationofsextourism.Likeanymajorindustry,tourismhasaseriousdownside,especiallysincetourismandtravelisunderestimatedasaglobalpowerhouse，itsstudyandregulationisspottyatbest.（4）Tourism

isoneofthosedouble-edgedswordsthatmaylooklikeaneasywaytoearndesperatelyneededmoneybutcanravagewildernessareasandunderminenativeculturestofitintopackagetours:afifteen-minutesnippetofaballetperformedinSouthernIndia；nativehandicraftsrefashionedtofitoversizetour-ists.Whatisknownisthattourismandtravelisresponsiblefor5.3percentoftheworld’scarbonemissionsandthedegradationofnearlyeverytropicalbeachintheworld.

Tomakewayformoreresortswithspectacularviews，developersdestroynativehabi-tatsandignorelocalconcerns.（5）Preservationistsdecrythegrowingpropensitytobulldozeoldhotelsandbuildingsinfavorofconstructingnewresorts，waterholesandentertain-mentspotsthatlookidenticalwhetherinSingapore，DubaiorJohannesburg，aworldwherediversityisreplacedwithhomogeneity.Anothercatastropheforcountriesbettingontourismhascomefromwealthyvacationerswhofallinlovewithacountryandbuysomanysecondhousesthatlocalscannolongeraffordtoliveintheirowntownsandvillages.

【答案】（1）现今的贫穷国家将旅游业视为摆脱贫困的最佳方法，仅次于石油和能源这两个重要的发展引擎。

（2）联合国旅游组织现在将扶贫和增进国际和平与繁荣的高尚理想一起作为其首要目标之一。

（3）但是，正如旅游业能帮助一个国家摆脱贫困，它同样有可能污染环境、降低贫困人群的生活标准。造成这种现象的原因是旅游业的收益都流向了国际连锁酒店，并使当地的掌权人物腐化堕落。

（4）旅游业是众多双刃剑之一。旅游业看起来像是一种赚取急用钱的简单方法，但它也能破坏野生地区，弱化本土文化以适应旅游团体。

（5）为了建造新的度假胜地、酒吧和娱乐场所，老酒店和老建筑都被推倒。无论是在新加坡、迪拜或约翰内斯堡，这些新建的景区、建筑看起来都完全一样。保护主义者对这种日益严重的趋势加以谴责。

7.单选题

Toeverybody’ssurprise,therefereetooka（

）viewofthefoulanddidnotpunishtheplayeratall.

问题1选项

A.lenient

B.divergent

C.dim

D.cautious

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容词辨析。lenient宽大的，仁慈的；divergent有分歧的；dim暗淡的，昏暗的；cautious小心的，谨慎的。句意：让所有人出乎意料的是，裁判员对这次犯规采取了宽容的态度，一点也没有惩罚参赛选手。由didnotpunishtheplayeratall可知裁判采取了宽容的态度。A项正确。答案A

8.问答题

Biologically,thereisonlyonequalitywhichdistinguishesusfromanimals:theabilitytolaughs.Inauniversewhichappearstobeutterlydevoid（1）humor,weenjoythissupremeluxury.Anditisaluxury,forunlikeanyotherbodilyprocess,laughterdoesnotseemtoserveabiologicallyusefulpurpose.Inadivideworld,laughterisaunifyingforce.Humanbeingsopposeeachotheronagreatmanyissues.Nationsmaydisagreeaboutsystemsofgovernmentandhumanrelationsmaybeplaguedbyideologicalfactionsandpoliticalcamps,butweallsharetheabilitytolaugh.Andlaughter,

（2）

turn,dependsonthatmostcomplexandsubtleofallhumanqualities:asenseofhumor.Certaincomicstereotypeshaveuniversalappeal.Thiscanbestbeseenfromtheworld-widepopularityofCharlieChaplin’searlyfilms.

Thelittleman

（3）

oddswithsocietyneverfailstoamusenomatterwhichcountrywecomefrom.Asthatgreatcommentatoronhumanaffairs,Dr.SamuelJohnson,onceremarked,“Menhavebeenwiseinverydifferentmodes;buttheyhavealwayslaughed

（4）

thesameway.”

Asenseofhumormaytakevariousformsandlaughtermaybeanythingfromarefinedtingle

（5）

anearthquakingroar,buttheeffectisalwaysthesame.Humorhelpsustomaintainacorrectsenseofvalues.Itistheonequalitywhichpoliticalfanaticsappeartolack.Ifwecanseethefunnyside,wenevermakethemistakeoftakingourselvestooseriously.Wearealwaysremindedthattragedyisnotreallyfarremoved

（6）

comedy.Soweneverget&lopsidedviewofthings.

Thisisoneofthechieffunctionsofsatireandirony.Humanpainandsufferingaresogrim;wehoversooften

（7）

thebrinkofwar,politicalrealitiesareusuallyenoughtoplungeusintototaldespair.Insuchcircumstances,cartoonsandsatiricalaccountsofsomberpoliticaleventsredressthebalance.Theytakethewindoutofpompousandarrogantpoliticianswhohavelosttheirsense

（

8）

proportion.Theyenableustoseethatmanyofourmostprofoundactionsaremerelycomicorabsurd.WelaughwhenagreatsatiristlikeSwiftwritesaboutwarinGulliver’sTravels.TheLilliputiansandtheirneighborsattackeachotherbecausetheycan’tagreewhichendtobreakanegg.Welaughbecausewemeanttolaugh;butwearemeanttoweeptoo.Itistoopowerfulaweapontobeallowedtoflourish.

Thesenseofhumormustbesingled

（9）

asman’smostimportantqualitybecauseitisassociatedwithlaughter.Andlaughter,inturn,isassociatedwithhappiness.Courage,determination,initiative—thesearequalitiesweshare

（10）

otherformsoflife.Butthesenseofhumorisuniquelyhuman.Ifhappinessisoneofthegreatgoalsoflife,thenitisthesenseofhumorthatprovidesthekey.

Fillineachblankinthearticlewithanappropriatepreposition(介词).

Readthearticlecarefullyandexplainthemeaningofthewordsaccordingtothecontext.

devoid(inparagraph1)

plague(inparagraph1)

stereotype(inparagraph1)

fanatic(inparagraph3)

satire(inparagraph4)

somber(inparagraph4)

redress(inparagraph4)

absurd(inparagraph4)

weep(inparagraph4)

initiative(inparagraph5)

【答案】1.考查介词搭配。由文章第一句可知我们与动物的区别在于我们有笑的能力，因此后面要表达的是没有幽默感，与前面相对应。devoidof意为“缺乏，缺少”。

试题答案：of

2.考查介词搭配。inturn意为“反过来”。

试题答案：in

3.考查介词搭配。atoddswithsociety意为“与社会格格不入”。

试题答案：at

4.考查介词搭配。inthesameway意为“同样地”。

试题答案：in

5.考查介词搭配。from...to意为“从……到……”。此句意为：幽默感有各种表现形式，笑可以是从微笑到狂笑，但它的效果是一样的。

试题答案：to

6.考查介词搭配。farremovedfrom意为“与……相差太远”。此句意为：我们总是被提醒，悲剧并没有真正远离喜剧。

试题答案：from

7.考查介词搭配。onthebrinkof意为“濒于，濒临”。

试题答案：on

8.考查介词搭配。senseof意为“……的感觉”

试题答案：of

9.考查介词搭配。根据后面的“Butthesenseofhumorisuniquelyhuman（但幽默感是人类特有的）”可知此处表示幽默感最为人类最重要的一个品质，应该被单独提出来。besignedout意为“被单独提出来”。

试题答案：out

10.考查介词搭配。sharewith意为“与……分享，共用”。此句意为：勇气、决心、主动性—这些是我们与其他生命形式共同拥有的品质。

试题答案：with

1.试题答案：缺乏的

2.试题答案：给……造成困扰，折磨

3.试题答案：模式，刻板印象

4.试题答案：极端分子，狂热者

5.试题答案：讽刺

6.试题答案：低沉的，阴暗的

7.试题答案：补偿

8.试题答案：荒谬的

9.试题答案：哭泣

10.试题答案：创造性，主动性

9.单选题

“ShallItellAnnhowtoimproveherpainting?”

“Yes，but（）ofsuggestionsmaydiscourageher.”

问题1选项

A.alisttoolong

B.toolongalist

C.atoolonglist

D.alistoftoolong

【答案】B

【解析】考查语法结构。因为空格后面紧跟的ofsuggestions“……的建议”，所以名词list要放在词组最后，即listofsuggestions，因此可以排除A，D选项。too+adj.作定语修饰名词，而放在名词前语序为：too+adj.+（限定词）+noun。或者将其放在名词后语序是：（限定词）+noun+too+adj，所以C选项的语序不对，可排除。句意：我要告诉安如何改进她的画吗？可以，但是太多的建议可能会让她气馁。因此B选项符合题意。

10.单选题

Themanagertriedtowaveasidetheseissuesas______detailsthatwouldbesettledlater.

问题1选项

A.versatile

B.trivial

C.preliminary

D.alternate

【答案】B

【解析】【选项释义】

A.versatile多才多艺的，有多种技能的B.trivial不重要的，琐碎的

C.preliminary预备性的，初步的D.alternate交替的，轮流的

【答案】B

【考查点】形容词辨析。

【解题思路】分析句子结构可知，空格处填入一个形容词修饰details（细节），而后面的that引导的定语从句也是修饰details，根据从句内容“以后再解决这些事”可推测，______details是“不重要的小事”，所以该题选择B项。

【干扰项排除】A、C、D项不符合句意。

【句意】经理试图对这些问题置之不理，认为这些都是鸡毛蒜皮的小事，以后再解决。

11.翻译题

正是