考研考博-英语-广州南洋理工职业学院押题密卷附带答案详解篇2

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-广州南洋理工职业学院押题密卷附带答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第壹套一.全考点押题密卷-综合训练(共50题)1.单选题

Someparents（）educationwithexamsuccess.

问题1选项

A.equal

B.equate

C.equalize

D.equality

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词辨析。A项equal“等于”，B项equate“视为平等”，C项equalize“使相等”，D项名词equality“平等”；句意：有些父母把教育和考试成绩优秀视为一样。因此B选项正确。

2.填空题

THEIRONBRIDGE

TheIronBridgewasthefirstofaskindinEuropeandisuniversallyrecognizedasasymboloftheIndustrialRevolution.

A:TheIronBridgecrossestheRiverSeverninCoalbrookdale,inthewestofEngland.Itwasthefirstcast-ironbridgetobesuccessfullyerected,andthefirstlargecast-ironstructureoftheindustrialageinEurope,althoughtheChinesewereexpertiron-castersmanycenturiesearlier.

B:Riversusedtotheequivalentoftoday’smotorways,inthattheywereextensivelyusedfortransportation.TheRiverSevern,whichstartsitslifeontheWelshmountainsandeventuallyenterstheseabetweenCardiffandBristol,isthelongestnavigableriverinBritain.Itwasidealfortransportationpurpose,andspecialboatswerebuilttonavigatethewaters.Bythemiddleoftheeighteenthcentury,theSevernwasoneofthebusiestriversinEurope.Localgoods,includingcoal,ironproducts,wool,grainandcider,weresentbyriver.Amongthegoodscomingupstreamwereluxuriessuchassugar,tea,coffeeandwine.Inplaces,theriverbankswerelinedwithwharvesandtheriverwasoftencrowdedwithboatsloadingorunloading.

C:In1638,BasilBrookepatentedasteel-makingprocessandbuiltafurnaceatCoalbrookdale.ThislaterbecamethepropertyofAbrahamDarby(referredtoasAbrahamDarbyItodistinguishhimfromhissonandgrandsonofthesamename.)AfterservinganapprenticeshipinBirmingham,DarbyhadstartedabusinessinBristol,buthemovedtoCoalbrookdalein1710withanideathatcokederivedfromcoalcouldprovideamoreeconomicalalternativetocharcoalasafuelforironmaking.Thisledtocheaper,moreefficientironmakingfromtheabundantsuppliesofcoal,ironandlimestoneinthearea.

D:Hisson,AbrahamDarbyII,pioneeredthemanufactureofcastiron,andhadtheideaofbuildingabridgeovertheSevern,asferryingstoresofallkindsacrosstheriver,particularlythelargequantitiesoffuelforthefurnacesatCoalbrookdaleandothersurroundingironworks,involvedconsiderableexpenseanddelay.However,itwashissonAbrahamDarbyIII(bornin1750)who,in1775,organizedameetingtoplanthebuildingofabridge.Thiswasdesignedbyalocalarchitect,ThomasPritchard,whohadtheideaofconstructingitofiron.

E:Sectionswerecastduringthewinterof1778-9fora7-metre-widebridgewithaspanof31metres,12metresabovetheriver.Constructiontookthreemonthsduringthesummerof1779,andremarkably,nobodywasinjuredduringtheconstructionprocess-afeatalmostunheardofeveninmodernmajorcivilengineeringprojects.Workontheapproachroadscontinuedforanothertwoyears,andthebridgewasopenedtotrafficin1781AbrahamDarbyⅢfundedthebridgebycommissioningpaintingsandengravings,buthelostalotontheproject,whichhadcostnearlydoubletheestimate,andhediedleavingmassivelargerdebtsin1789,agedonly39.Thedistrictdidnotflourishformuch1onger,andduringthenineteenthandearlytwentiethcenturiesfactoriescloseddown.Since1934thebridgehasbeenopenonlytopedestrians.UniversallyrecognizedasthesymboloftheIndustrialRevolution,theIronBridgenowstandsattheheartoftheIronBridgeGorgeWorldHeritageSite.

F:Ithasalwaysbeenamysteryhowthebridgewasbuilt.Despiteitspioneeringtechnologynoeye-witnessaccountsareknownwhichdescribetheironbridgebeingerected—andcertainlynoplanshavesurvived.However,recentdiscoveries,researchandexperimentshaveshednewlightonexactlyhowitwasbuilt,challengingtheassumptionsofrecentdecades.In1997asmallwatercoloursketchbyEliasMartincametolightintheSwedishcapital,Stockholm.Althoughthereisawealthofearlyviewsofthebridgebynumerousartists,thisistheonlyonewhichactuallyshowsitunderconstruction.

G:Upuntilrecentlyithadbeenassumedthatthebridgehadbeenbuiltfrombothbanks,withtheinnersupportstiltedacrosstheriver.Thiswouldhaveallowedrivertraffictocontinueunimpededduringconstruction.Butthepictureclearlyshowssectionsofthebridgebeingraisedfromabargeintheriver.Itcontradictedeverythinghistorianshadassumedaboutthebridge,anditwasevenconsideredthatthepicturecouldhavebeenafakeasnootherhadcometolight.Soin2001ahalf-scalemodelofthebridgewasbuilt,inordertoseeifitcouldhavebeenconstructedinthewaydepictedinthewatercolour.Meanwhile,adetailedarchaeological,historicalandphotographicsurveywasdonebytheIronbridgeGorgeMuseumTrust,alongwitha3DCAD(computer–aideddesign)modelbyEnglishHeritage.

H:Theresultstellusalotmoreabouthowthebridgewasbuilt.Wenowknowthatallthelargecastingsweremadeindividuallyastheyareallslightlydifferent.Thebridgewasn’tweldedorboltedtogetherasmetalbridgesarethesedays.Insteaditwasfittedtogetherusingacomplexsystemofjointsnormallyusedforwood—butthiswasthetraditionalwayinwhichironstructureswerejoinedatthetime.Theconstructionofthemodelprovedthatthepaintingshowsaveryrealisticmethodofconstructingthebridgethatcouldworkandwasinallprobabilitythemethodused.

I:NowonlyonemysteryremainsintheIronBridgestory.TheSwedishwatercoloursketchhadapparentlybeentornfromabookwhichwouldhavecontainedsimilarsketches,ithadbeendrawnbyaSwedishartistwholivedinLondonfor12yearsandtravelledBritaindrawingwhathesaw.Nobodyknowswhathashappenedtotherestofthebook,butperhapstheothersketchesstillexistsomewhere.IftheyareeverfoundtheycouldprovidefurthervaluableevidenceofhowtheIronBridgewasconstructed.

1.WhenwasthefurnaceboughtbyDarbyoriginallyconstructed?

2.Whenweretheroadsleadingtothebridgecompleted?

3.Whenwasthebridgeclosedtotraffic?

4.Whenwasamodelofthebridgebuilt?

【答案】1.1638

2.1781

3.1934

4.2001

【解析】1.根据文章C段，“In1638,BasilBrookepatentedasteel-makingprocessandbuiltafurnaceatCoalbrookdale.”，1638年，BasilBrooke申请了炼钢工艺专利，并在科尔布鲁代尔建造了一座熔炉。可知这个熔炉是在1638年建成的。

2.根据文章E段，“Workontheapproachroadscontinuedforanothertwoyears,andthebridgewasopenedtotrafficin1781…”，修路工作又持续了两年，大桥于1781年通车。持续两年是在1779年大桥开始施工的基础上计算的。可判断出通往那座桥的路是1781年修完的，才能使大桥在1781年通车。

3.根据文章E段，“Since1934thebridgehasbeenopenonlytopedestrians.”，自1934年以来，这座桥只对行人开放。可判断出大桥从1934年开始不通车。

4.根据文章G段，“Soin2001ahalf-scalemodelofthebridgewasbuilt,inordertoseeifitcouldhavebeenconstructedinthewaydepictedinthewatercolour.”，2001年，这座桥的半尺度模型建成，以判断它是否能够按照水彩画中的方式建造。可判断出2001年建成了这座桥的模型。

3.单选题

Somecityplannersbelievethateachcityis（）:inotherwords,becauseofculturaldifferences,onecitycan'tsimplycopyothers.

问题1选项

A.separated

B.cutoff

C.unique

D.integrated

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容词辨析。separated“分开的”；cutoff“切断，中断”；unique“独特的，独一无二的”；integrated“综合的，完整的”。根据冒号后面的内容：由于文化差异，一个城市不能简单地复制其他城市。由此可知，一些城市规划者认为每个城市都是独一无二的。所以选项C正确。

4.单选题

Overthelastfifteenyears,runninghasbecomeapopular（

）for30million

participantsofallages.

问题1选项

A.fantasy

B.pastime

C.symposium

D.penalty

【答案】B

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。fantasy“幻想”；pastime“消遣，娱乐”；symposium“座谈会’；penalty“惩罚”。句意：在过去的三十年里，跑步对于3000万名各个年龄层的参与者来说成为了一种非常受欢迎的消遣方式。选项B符合题意。

5.单选题

Booksdoasmuchharmasgoodandspreadfalsehoodanderror______knowledgeoftruth.

问题1选项

A.nolessthan

B.nomorethan

C.nolessas

D.nomoreas

【答案】A

【解析】考查词组辨析。A项nolessthan“不少于”，B项nomorethan“只是，仅仅”，C项nolessas与D项nomoreas没有这种用法。句意：书籍所带来的利弊是均衡的，它们所传播的谎言和错误不少于知识与真理。故正确答案为A。

6.单选题

Thereisnodoubtthatdishonestor（）acquisitionofinformationisusuallyoverwhelmingevidencethatinformationwasconfidentialandnotpartofthedefendant’sskillandknowledge.

问题1选项

A.blatant

B.surreptitious

C.suspicious

D.conspicuous

【答案】B

【解析】形容词词义辨析。blatant“喧嚣的，炫耀的”；surreptitious“秘密的”；suspicious“可疑的”；conspicuous“显而易见的”。句意：毫无疑问，不诚实或秘密获取的信息通常是压倒性的证据，表明这种信息是机密的，不属于辩护人员技能和知识的一部分。选项B符合题意。

7.单选题

Itisallverywelltoblametrafficjams,thecostofpetrolandthequickpaceofmodernlife,butmannersontheroadsarebecominghorrible.Youmighttoleratetherudeandinconsideratedriver,butnowadaysthewell-manneredmotorististheexceptiontotherule.Perhapsthesituationcallsfora“BeKindtoOtherDrivers”campaign,otherwise,itmaygetcompletelyoutofhand.

Roadpolitenessisnotonlygoodmanners,butgoodsensetoo.Ittakesthemostcool-headedandgood-temperedofdriverstoresistthetemptationtorevengewhensubjectedtouncivilizedbehaviors.Ontheotherhand,alittlepolitenessgoesalongwaytowardsrelievingthetensionsofmotoring.Afriendlynodorawaveofacknowledgementinresponsetoanactofpolitenesshelpstocreateanatmosphereofgoodwillandtolerancesonecessaryinmoderntrafficconditions.Butsuchacknowledgementsofpolitenessarealltooraretoday.Manydriversnowadaysdon’tevenseemabletorecognizepolitenesswhentheyseeit.

However,improperpolitenesscanalsobedangerous.Atypicalexampleisthedriverwhowavesachildacrossacrossingintothepathofoncomingvehiclesthatmaybeunabletostopintime.Thesamegoesforencouragingoldladiestocrosstheroadwhereverandwhenevertheycareto.

Aveterandriver,whosemannersarefaultless,toldmeitwouldhelpifmotoristslearntofiltercorrectlyintotrafficstreamswithoutcausingthetotalblockages(堵塞)thatgiverisetobadtemper.Unfortunately,modernmotoristscan’tevenlearntodrive,letalonebewell-manneredontheroad.Yearsagotheexpertswarnedusthatthecar-ownershipexplosionwoulddemandalotmoregive-and-takefromallroadusers.Itishightimeforallofustotakethismessagetoheart.

1.Accordingtothispassage,troublesontheroadareprimarilycausedby（）.

2.Thesentence“Youmighttoleratetherudeandinconsideratedriver,butnowadaysthewell-manneredmotorististheexceptiontotherule”impliesthat（）.

3.By“goodsense”(Paragraph2),thewritermeans（）.

4.Expertshavelongpointedoutthatinthefaceofcar-ownershipexplosion,（）.

5.Inthewriter’sopinion,（）.

问题1选项

A.people’sattitudetowardsdrivers

B.therhythmofmodernlife

C.trafficconditions

D.thebehaviorofthedriver

问题2选项

A.oursocietyisunjusttowardswell-manneredmotorists

B.rudedriverscanbemetonlyoccasionally

C.nowadaysimpolitedriversconstitutethemajorityofmotorists

D.thewell-manneredmotoristcannottoleratetherudedriver

问题3选项

A.thedriver’spromptresponsetodifficultconditions

B.thedriver’sabilitytounderstandandreactreasonably

C.thedriver’stoleranceofbadroadconditions

D.thedriver’sacknowledgementofpolitenessandregulations

问题4选项

A.driversshouldbereadytoyieldtooneanother

B.roadusersshouldmakemoresacrifices

C.driversshouldhavemorecommunicationamongthemselves

D.driverswillsufferagreatlossiftheypaynorespecttoothers

问题5选项

A.driversshouldapplyroadpolitenessproperly

B.stricttrafficregulationsarebadlyneeded

C.rudeandinconsideratedriversshouldbepunished

D.driversshouldtrytheirbesttoavoidtrafficjams

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:C

第3题:B

第4题:A

第5题:A

【解析】第1题:判断推理题。第一段指出:butmannersontheroadsarebecominghorrible.Youmighttoleratetherudeandinconsideratedriver,butnowadaysthewell-manneredmotorististheexceptiontotherule(但是路上的礼貌问题正变得令人恐惧。你或许容忍粗鲁且不顾别人的司机，但如今有礼貌的司机却是规则的一个例外)。由此可知D项“司机的行为”正确。

第2题:判断推理题。该句意思为:你或许容忍粗鲁且不顾别人的司机，但如今有礼貌的司机却是规则的一个例外。以及前面一句指出:但是路上的礼貌问题正变得令人恐惧。由此可知，C项“如今不礼貌的司机构成了司机中的大多数”正确。

第3题:判断推理题。goodsense本意指“有理智”，可参考第二段:Ittakesthemostcool-headedandgood-temperedofdriverstoresistthetemptationtorevengewhensubjectedtouncivilizedbehaviors(当遭遇不文明的行为时，需要最冷静且好脾气的司机去抗拒报复的诱惑)。因此B项“司机去理解且合理地反应的能力”正确。

第4题:细节事实题。根据题干关键词car-ownershipexplosion定位至最后一段:Yearsagotheexpertswarnedusthatthecar-ownershipexplosionwoulddemandalotmoregive-and-takefromallroadusers(多年前，专家们就警告过我们:汽车的持有率的激增会向所有道路使用者要求更多互让)。由此可知A项“司机应该准备去相互让步”正确。

第5题:判断推理题。倒数第二段指出:However,improperpolitenesscanalsobedangerous(然而，不恰当的礼貌也可能是危险的)。由此可推测A项“司机应该恰当地使用道路礼貌”为正确选项。

8.单选题

Duringourfirstteachertrainingyear,weoftenvisitedlocalschoolsforthe（）

oflessons.

问题1选项

A.observation

B.investigation

C.inspection

D.examination

【答案】A

【解析】句意：教师培训的第一年，为了（）课程,我们经常参观当地的学校。A选项observation观察；B选项investigation调查，研究；C选项inspection检查；D选项examination检查，考试。选项A符合句意。

9.单选题

Sheagreedtotakethenaughtyboyalong（）hebehavedhimself.

问题1选项

A.whether

B.that

C.provided

D.incase

【答案】C

【解析】句意：她同意把那个淘气的男孩带走,只要他听话就行。选项C符合句意。

10.单选题

ThemyththatUnitedStatesisnotopentoconcernsfromoutsidehasbeen______atastroke.

问题1选项

A.demolished

B.precluded

C.kindled

D.hampered

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词辨析。A项demolish“拆除，破坏，推翻，驳倒”，B项preclude“排除，妨碍，阻止”，C项kindle“点燃，着火，激起，照亮”，D项hamper“妨碍，束缚，使困累”。由myth“神话”和atastroke“一下子”可知，“推翻”符合语境。句意：美国不会对外开放的神话一下子就被推翻了。因此，该题选择A项正确。

11.单选题

Generallyspeaking,matterswhichlieentirelywithinstatebordersarethe

concernofstategovernments.

问题1选项

A.excessive

B.unique

C.exclusive

D.inclusive

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。Excessive“过多的，极度的”；unique“独特的”；exclusive“独有的；排外的”；inclusive“包含的，包括的”。句意：一般来说，州内事务应该是州政府关心的事。选项C符合题意。

12.翻译题

Oneoftheprincipalapplicationsofthediode(二极管)isintheproductionofadcvoltagefromanacsupply(电源),aprocessreferredtoasrectification(整流).

【答案】二极管的主要应用之一是从交流电源中产生直流电压，这一过程称之为“整流”。

13.单选题

Themobwas（）bythefieryspeechandthentheymarcheddownthemainstreet,andsetmanyChinesestoresonfire.

问题1选项

A.wakened

B.aroused

C.inspired

D.agitated

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A:wake“唤醒”；B:arouse“引起，唤醒”；C:inspire“鼓舞，激发”；D:agitate“动摇，煽动，使激动”。句意：暴民被激烈的演说煽动，纷纷走上街头，把很多中国的商店点着了。根据句意和关键词：暴民、激烈的演说可知D为正确答案。

14.单选题

Therenaissanceofthefeministmovementduringthe1950sledtotheStasistschool,whichsidesteppedthegoodbaddichotomyandarguedthatfrontierwomenlivedlivessimilartothelivesofwomenintheEast.

问题1选项

A.discounted

B.intensified

C.reaffirmed

D.dodged

【答案】D

【解析】句中的定语从句部分包含两个并列动作，一个是“sidesteppedthegoodbaddichotomy”，另一个是“认为边疆妇女的生活与东部妇女的生活相似”，后者没有强调好与坏，第一个动词必然也表示相关联含义。A选项discount“打折扣；贬损；低估”；B选项intensify“使加强”；C选项reaffirm“重申”；D选项dodge“躲开；迅速让开；逃避”。联系句意可知，D选项“逃避”更合适，表示对好与坏二分法避而不谈。

15.单选题

SOMETHINGABOUTNAPLESjustseemsmadeforcomedy.Thenamealoneconjuresuppizza,andlovable,incorrigibleinnocentswarbling“OSoleMio”;anuttylittlecorneroftheworldwheretheidrunswildandtheonlyanswertothequestion“Why?”appearstobe“Whynot?”

Naples:thebutter-side-downofItaliancities,whereeventhetruthhasastrangelyfictitioustinge.Onedayacarrear-endedoneofthecity’sminibuses.Thebusdrivergotouttoinvestigate.Whilehestoodtheretalking,hisonlypassengertookthewheelanddroveoff.Neitherpassengernorbuswaseverseenagain.

Thentherewasthatbusylunchhourinthecentralpostofficewhenacrackintheceilingopenedandpostalworkerswereoverwhelmedbyanavalancheofstalecroissants.Asthecleanershauledawaygarbagebagsofmoldybreakfastrolls,thequestionsremained:Who?Why?Andwhatelsecouldstillbeupthere?

ButNaplesactuallyisn’tsofunny.Italy’sthirdlargestcity,with1.1millionpeople,hasamuchdarkerside,wherechaosreigns:bagsnatchingandmugging,cloggedstreetsofstupefyingconfusion,wheretrafficmovestomysteriouslawsofitsownthroughmultipleintersectionswhosetrafficlightshaven’tfunctionedformonths,maybeyears—iftheyhavelightsatall.Packsofwilddogsroamthecity’smainpark.Nineteenpolicemenontheanti-narcoticssquadarearrestedforacceptingpayoffsfromtheCamorra,thelocalMafia.

TomanyItalians,particularlythoseinthewealthy,industrializednorth,noneofthisissurprising.TothemNaplesmeanspoliticalcorruption,wastedfederalsubsidies,rampantorganizedcrime,appallinglylargefamilies,andcunning,lazypeoplewhoprefertodosomethingshadyratherthanhonestwork.

Neapolitansknowtheirreputation.“Peoplethinknothingevergetsdonehere,”saidayoungprofessionalwoman.Sometimestheysay,“SurelyyoucomefromMilan.YoucomefromNaples?”

GiovannidelForno,aninsuranceexecutive,toldmeabouthisflighthomefromanorthernItaliancity,theplanewaitedonthetarmacforhalfanhourforagatetobecomeavailable.“AndIbegantohearthecommentsaroundme:“Well,hereweareinNaples,”hesaidwithawince.“Thesecommentsmakemesuffer.”

Neapolitansmaycomplain,butmostcan’tconceiveoflivinganywhereelse.Thecityhastheintimacy,tension,andcrazinessofalargebutintenselydevotedfamily.ThepeoplehavethesameperverseprideasNewYorkers.Theyloveeventhethingsthatdon’twork,andtheylovebeingNeapolitans.Theyknowoutsidersdon’tgetit,andtheydon’tcare.“Evenifyougoaway”,onewomansaid,“youremainaprisonerofthiscity.Mycityhasmanyproblems,butawayfromitIfeelbad.”

Thisisacityinwhichlivingonthebrinkofcollapseisnormal.Napleshassurvivedwars,revolutions,floods,earthquakes,anderuptionsofnearbyVesuvius.FirstawealthycolonyfoundedbytheGreeks(whocalleditNeapolis,or“newcity”),thenaflourishingRomanresort,itlivedthroughvariousincarnationsunderdynastiesofNormans,Swabians,Austrians,Spanish,andFrench,nottomentionagloriousperiodastheresplendentcapitaloftheKingdomoftheTwoSicilies.

Itwasabrilliant,cultivatedcitythatoncerankedwithLondonandParis.TheNunziatella,theoldestmilitaryschoolinItaly,stillbasksinitstwocenturiesofhistoricglory;theTeatroSanCarloremainsoneofthegreatestoperahousesintheworld.ThetreasuresofPompeiigracetheNationalMuseum.StretchedluxuriantlybetweenmountainsandseaalongthecurvingcoastoftheBayofNaples,fullofornatepalaces,gardens,churches,andworksofart,withitsmildclimateandrichfolklore,Naplesinthelastcenturywasbelovedbyartistsandwriters.Themostfamousresponsetothismagnificencewasthecommentbyanunknownadmirer,“SeeNaplesanddie.”

Todaythatremarkcarrieslesspoeticconnotations.ThebombardmentsofWorldWarIIwerefollowedbythedepredationsofprofiteersandpoliticians-for-rentwhoreducedthecitytoademoralizedshadowofitself,survivingongovernmenthandouts.Untilfiveyearsagocitygovernmentswerecobbledtogetherbywarringpoliticalfactions;somemayorslastedonlyafewmonths.Acholeraoutbreakin1973wasfollowedin1980byamajorearthquake.Itsfamousporthaswithered(thoughtheU.S.SixthFleetcommandisstillbasedjustupthecoast),industrieshavefailed,touristshavefled,nativeshavemovedout—itseemsthatonlydrugtraffickingisbooming.“Unlivable,”theNeapolitanssay,“Incomprehensible”,“Martyred”.

1.Thetwoexamplesinthesecondandthirdparagraphsintendtoshowthat______.

2.ItcanbeconcludedfromthepassagethattheNortherners______.

3.TheauthorimpliesthatNeapolitans’affectionforthecity______.

4.Whentheauthorsays“Todaythatremarkcarrieslesspoeticconnotations,”heactuallymeansthat______.

问题1选项

A.Napleshasahighincidenceoftrafficaccidents

B.anythingextraordinarycanhappeninNaples

C.peopletherelovetostorefoodforyears

D.everythingappearstobeonthewrongside

问题2选项

A.arecriticalofwhatNaplesrepresents

B.sympathizewithNeapolitans

C.sharemanythingswithNeapolitans

D.makeeveryefforttoshunNeapolitans

问题3选项

A.wasunrealistic

B.wentabittoofar

C.wasextraordinary

D.gaverisetoconcern

问题4选项

A.thecitycannowboastveryfewpoets

B.artistsandwritershaveleftforLondonandParis

C.thecityunderwentheavybombingduringtheWar

D.Thecity’spresentproblemsobscureditsgloriouspast

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:A

第3题:C

第4题:D

【解析】1.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】推理判断题。题干意思是“第二段和第三段中的两个例子旨在说明……”。第二段首句提到Naples:thebutter-side-downofItaliancities,whereeventhetruthhasastrangelyfictitioustinge.（那不勒斯：意大利糟糕的城市，在那里甚至连真相都有一种奇怪的虚构色彩），接着第二段和第三段举出了两个例子：一个是Onedayacarrear-endedoneofthecity’sminibuses.Thebusdrivergotouttoinvestigate.Whilehestoodtheretalking,hisonlypassengertookthewheelanddroveoff.（一辆小汽车与一辆城市小型公共汽车追尾。公共汽车司机下车去调查。当他站在那里说话时，他唯一的乘客拿起方向盘开走了）；另外一个是Thentherewasthatbusylunchhourinthecentralpostofficewhenacrackintheceilingopenedandpostalworkerswereoverwhelmedbyanavalancheofstalecroissants.Asthecleanershauledawaygarbagebagsofmoldybreakfastrolls,thequestionsremained:Who?Why?Andwhatelsecouldstillbeupthere?（在中央邮局忙碌的午餐时间，天花板上的一条裂缝裂开了，邮政工人被一大堆过期的羊角面包压得喘不过气来。当清洁工把装着发霉的早餐面包卷的垃圾袋拖走时，问题来了：是谁？为什么？那上面还可能有什么？），从这两个例子可以推知，那不勒斯这个城市的糟糕的状况，故D项“一切似乎都是错位的”符合题意；A项“那不勒斯的交通事故发生率很高”和C项“那里的人们喜欢把食物储存多年”只是例子；B项“在那不勒斯，任何不寻常的事情都可能发生”表示不够准确，这些事情并不是不寻常的，而是糟糕的。因此，该题选择D项正确。

2.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】推理判断题。题干意思是“从文章中可以得出结论，北方人……”。根据文章的第五段TomanyItalians,particularlythoseinthewealthy,industrializednorth,noneofthisissurprising.TothemNaplesmeanspoliticalcorruption,wastedfederalsubsidies,rampantorganizedcrime,appallinglylargefamilies,andcunning,lazypeoplewhoprefertodosomethingshadyratherthanhonestwork.（对许多意大利人来说，尤其是那些生活在富裕、工业化的北方的意大利人来说，这一切都不足为奇。对他们来说，那不勒斯意味着政治上的腐败，浪费的联邦补贴，猖獗的有组织犯罪，可怕的大家庭，以及狡诈、懒惰的人们，他们宁愿做一些阴暗的事情也不愿做诚实的工作。）可知，北方的意大利人对那不勒斯是批判的态度，A项“对那不勒斯所代表的东西持批评态度”正确；由此也可知B项“同情那不勒斯人”和C项“和那不勒斯人有很多共同点”不正确；D项“尽量避开那不勒斯人”，文章在此处主要是表达意大利的北方人对那不勒斯的批判，并不能推断出他们想尽量避开那不勒斯人。因此，该题选择A项正确。

3.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】推理判断题。题干意思是“作者暗示那不勒斯人对城市的感情……”。根据文章的第八段Neapolitansmaycomplain,butmostcan’tconceiveoflivinganywhereelse.Thecityhastheintimacy,tension,andcrazinessofalargebutintenselydevotedfamily.ThepeoplehavethesameperverseprideasNewYorkers.Theyloveeventhethingsthatdon’twork,andtheylovebeingNeapolitans.Theyknowoutsidersdon’tgetit,andtheydon’tcare.“Evenifyougoaway”,onewomansaid,“youremainaprisonerofthiscity.Mycityhasmanyproblems,butawayfromitIfeelbad.”（那不勒斯人可能会抱怨，但大多数人无法想象住在其他地方。这个城市有一个大家庭的亲密、紧张和疯狂，但却有着强烈的奉献精神。这里的人和纽约人一样，有一种偏执的自豪感。他们爱那些即使坏了的食物，他们喜欢做那不勒斯人。他们知道外人不懂，他们不在乎。一个女人说：“即使你走了，你仍然是这座城市的囚犯。我的城市有很多问题，但离开它我感觉很糟糕。”）可以推断出，在此处作者暗示那不勒斯人对他们城市的感情是特别的，是非凡的，C项“是非凡的”正确；由此也可知，A项“是不现实的”和D项“引起关注”不正确；B项“有点太过了”是干扰项，根据该段那不勒斯人对自己城市的描述可以知道这种情感并不显得很夸张。因此，该题选择C项正确。

4.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】推理判断题。题干意思是“当作者说‘如今，那些评价就没有那么有诗意了’时，他实际上的意思是……”。文章倒数第二段讲述了那不勒斯这个城市过去的辉煌和教养，接着最后一段第一句作者就说Todaythatremarkcarrieslesspoeticconnotations.（如今，那些评价就没有那么有诗意了），接着就讲到了那不勒斯屡屡遭受灾难和不堪的现状，由此可以推知，作者说这一句话的意思是那不勒斯如今的问题已经使得过去的辉煌暗淡模糊，D项“这个城市目前的问题使它辉煌的过去痕迹模糊”正确；A项“这个城市现在可以夸耀的诗人很少了”，最后两段没有提到诗人；B项“艺术家和作家都去了伦敦和巴黎”没有提到；C项“这座城市在战争期间遭受了猛烈的轰炸”这只是那不勒斯如今的问题使得过去的辉煌痕迹模糊的原因之一。因此，该题选择D项正确。

16.单选题

Thesolutionworksonlyforcoupleswhoareself-employed,don'thavesmallchildrenandgetalong（

）tospendmostoftheirtimetogether.

问题1选项

A.toowell

B.sowell

C.wellas

D.wellenough

【答案】D

【解析】词组辨析题。toowell“太多；太好”，其在这里与空格后的to构成toowelltodosth.“太好而不能做某事的搭配，这与句意不符；sowell“这么好；如此……以至”，需要后接to引导的不定式时，—般用sowellastodosth.“好的如此以至去做某事”；没有wellas的短语，一般有aswellas“也；和…….一样”的词组；wellenough“很好，很健康，还可以，好到”，其在这里与空格后的to构成wellenoughtodosth.“足够去做某事”的短语。根据“tospendmostoftheirtimetogether度过他们的大部分时间”以及词组确定句意是‘这种解决方案只适用于个体经营、没有小孩且能和睦相处地一起度过他们的大部分时间的夫妻。’所以D选项正确。

17.单选题

Iwouldhavegonetothelecturewithyou______Iwassobusy.

问题1选项

A.exceptthat

B.providedthat

C.butthat

D.onlythat

【答案】D

【解析】考查连词辨析。句意：要不是我太忙，我就会和你一起去听讲座了。A选项exceptthat“除了（名词整体）外，只是（某些细节）”，后面的从句表示前面提及