考研考博-英语-延安大学押题密卷附带答案详解篇2

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-延安大学押题密卷附带答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第壹套一.全考点押题密卷-综合训练(共50题)1.单选题

Hesaiditwouldnotbeallthatdifficulttoreachapeacefulconclusiontothe（）.

问题1选项

A.paradox

B.dilemma

C.prejudice

D.conflict

【答案】D

【解析】paradox似非而是的论点，自相矛盾的话；dilemma困境，进退两难；prejudice偏见，成见；conflict冲突，争执，矛盾。句意：他说并不是所有的冲突都很难达成和平解决的共识。选项D符合句意。

2.单选题

Thehighcostforgettingtherewas（

）bythefactthatIfoundaverycheapplacetolive.

问题1选项

A.offset

B.participated

C.elaborated

D.reclaimed

【答案】C

【解析】动词辨析题。A选项offset“抵消，弥补”；B选项participate“参与，分享”；C选项elaborate“详细描述，变复杂”；D选项reclaim“开拓，抗议”。句意：到这里的成本高是因为事情变得复杂，我找到了一个非常便宜的地方住。选项C更符合语境。

3.翻译题

2.TranslatethefollowingparagraphintoEnglish(5marks)

一些澳大利亚土著（indigenousAustralian）抗议者周五连续第二日成为头条新闻，他们聚集在澳大利亚议会外，并放火焚烧了国旗。此举的前一天，愤怒的抗议者包围了举行午餐仪式的建筑，保安人员从一家堪培拉餐厅拖出了朱莉娅吉拉德（JuliaGillard）总理。原住民领袖批评这些人的行动，说他们危害了让澳大利亚土著与更广泛的社会协调的努力。澳大利亚广播公司网站上的视频显示，在堪培拉议会外的抗议者围成一圈，点燃了澳大利亚国旗，并高呼，“这里始终是也将永远是原住民的土地。”

【答案】AgroupofindigenousAustralianprotestersmadeheadlinesforaseconddayonFriday,gatheringoutsidetheCountry’sparliamentandsettingthenationalflagonfire.ThemovecameadayafterPrimeMinisterJuliaGillardwasdraggedoutofaCanberrarestaurantbysecurityguardsafterangryprotesterssurroundedthebuildingwherethelunchwasbeingheld.Indigenousleadershavecriticizedtheiractions,sayingtheyundermineeffortstobringIndigenousAustraliansintoharmonywiththewidercommunity.VideoontheAustralianBroadcastingCorporationwebsiteshowedprotestersformingacircleoutsideparliamentinCanberra,settingfiretotheAustralianflagandchanting,“ThishasalwaysbeenandalwayswillbethelandoftheAborigines.”

4.单选题

Allcultureshavesomesystemofmeasuringduration,orkeepingtime,butinwesternindustrializedsocieties,wekeeptrackoftimeinwhatseemstootherpeoplesalmostanobsessivefashion.Weviewtimeasmotiononaspace,akindoflinearprogressionmeasuredbytheclockandthecalendar.Thisperceptioncontributestooursenseofhistoryandthekeepingofrecords,whicharetypicalaspectsofwesterncultures.

Althoughourperceptionsoftimeseemnaturaltous,wemustnotassumethatotherculturesoperateonthesametimesystem.Forinstance,whyshouldweassumethataHopiraisedintheHopiculturewouldhavethesameintuitionsabouttimethatwehave?InHopihistory,ifrecordshadbeenwritten,wewouldfindadifferentsetofculturalandenvironmentalinfluencesworkingtogether.TheHopipeopleareapeacefulagriculturalsocietyisolatedbygeographicfeatureandnomadenemiesinalandoflittlerainfall.Theiragricultureissuccessfulonlybythegreatestperseverance.Extensivepreparationsareneededtoensurecropgrowth.ThustheHopivaluepersistenceandrepetitioninactivity.Theyhaveasenseofthecumulativevalueofnumerous,small,repeatedmovements,fortothemsuchmovementsarenotwastedbutarestoreduptomakechangesinlaterevents.TheHopihavenointuitionoftimeasmotion,asasmoothflowinglineonwhicheverythingintheuniverseproceedsatanequalrateawayfromapast,throughapresent,intoaforeseeablefuture.

LongandcarefulstudyoftheHopilanguagehasrevealedthatitcontainsnowords,grammaticalforms,constructions,orexpressionsthatrefertowhatwecalltime—thepast,present,orfuture—ortothedurationorlastingaspectoftime.TotheHopi,“time”isa“gettinglater”ofeverythingthathasbeendone,sothatpastandpresentmergetogether.TheHopidonotspeak,aswedoinEnglish?Ofa“newday”or“anotherday”comingeverytwenty-fourhours;amongtheHopi,thereturnofthedayislikethereturnofaperson,alittleolderbutwithallthecharacteristicsofyesterday.ThisHopiconception,withitsemphasisontherepetitiveaspectoftimeratherthanitsonwardflow,maybeclearlyseenintheirritualdancesforrainandgoodcrops,inwhichthebasicstepisashort,quickstampingofthefootrepeatedthousandsoftimes,hourafterhour.

Ofcourse,theAmericanconceptionoftimeissignificantlydifferentfromthatoftheHopi.Americans’understandingoftimeistypicalofWesternculturesingeneralandindustrializedsocietiesinparticular.Americansviewtimeasacommodity,asa“thing”thatcanbesaved,spent,orwasted.Webudgetourtimeaswebudgetourmoney.Weevensay,“Timeismoney”.WeareconcernedinAmericawithbeing“ontime”;wedon’tliketo“waste”timebywaitingforsomeonewhoislateorbyrepeatinginformation;andweliketo“spend”timewiselybykeepingbusy.ThesestatementsallsoundnaturaltoaNorthAmerican.Infact,wethink,howcoulditbeotherwise?Itisdifficultforusnottobeirritatedbytheapparentcarelessnessabouttimeinothercultures.Forexample,individualsinothercountriesfrequentlyturnupanhourormorelateforanappointment—although“beinglate”isatleastwithinourculturalframework.Forinstance,howcanwebegintoentertheculturalworldoftheSioux,inwhichthereisnowordfor“late”or“waiting”.Ofcourse,thefactisthatwehavenothadtoentertheSiouxculture;theSiouxhavehadtoenterours.Itisonlywhenweparticipateinotherculturesontheirtermsthatwecanbegintoseetheculturalpatterningoftime.

1.Fromthepassage,theHopihavenointuitionoftimeasmotionbecause（

）.

2.WhatistheHopi’sconceptionoftime?

3.Theconceptoftimeasacommodityinthelastparagraphmeansthat（

）.

4.IfyouweretovisitaSiouxfestival,itwouldprobablybenecessarythat（

）.

5.WhichofthefollowingviewsseemsmostoppositetotheWesternperceptionoftime?

问题1选项

A.theirwayoflivingdependsgreatlyonperseveranceandrepetition

B.theythinkitnecessarytoinventtheirownperceptionoftime

C.theirlanguagedoesnotcontainwordsreferringtomotion

D.theythinkeverythingshouldproceedinalinearway

问题2选项

A.Repeatingfootstepsisthewaytheycounttime.

B.Thelinebetweenpastandpresentisclear.

C.Whenapersonreturns,thedayreturns.

D.Todayistherepetitionofyesterday.

问题3选项

A.timecanbeusedandspentlikeconsumergoods

B.peoplewhoworklonghourswillbepaidhandsomely

C.peoplecanbuytimejustliketheybuyaproduct

D.timeisconsideredpricelessthatpeoplecan’tafford

问题4选项

A.youcallinadvanceifyouaregoingtobelate

B.youarrangefortransportationwellinadvance

C.youhaveadelayedscheduleofalltheactivities

D.youhaveanexactscheduleofthevariousevents

问题5选项

A.Makeahaywhilethesunshines.

B.Procrastinationisnecessary.

C.Punctualityisthesoulofbusiness.

D.Ayoungidler,anoldbeggar

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:D

第3题:A

第4题:C

第5题:B

【解析】第1题:1.根据第二段的倒数二三句可知，霍皮族人重视活动中的持久性和重复。他们对无数的、小的、重复的动作的累积价值有一种感觉，因为对他们来说，这些动作不是浪费，而是储存起来，以便在以后的事件中做出改变。所以霍皮族人对运动的时间没有什么直觉，是因为他们的生活方式在很大程度上依赖于毅力和重复。选项A符合原文。

2.根据第三段的内容可知，对霍皮人来说，“时间”是所有已经做过的事情的“以后”，这样过去和现在就会融合在一起。霍皮人的这一观念强调时间的重复性，而不是时间的继续流动。选项D符合原文。

3.根据最后一段的三四句“Americansviewtimeasacommodity,asa“thing”thatcanbesaved,spent,orwasted.Webudgetourtimeaswebudgetourmoney.”美国人认为时间是一种商品，是一种可以节省、花费或浪费的“东西”。我们预算时间就像我们预算金钱一样。选项A符合原文。

4.根据最后一段“Sioux,inwhichthereisnowordfor“late”or“waiting”.”苏族人的文化世界里没有“迟到”或“等候”这些词，所以如果要去参加苏族人的节日，你可能有必要把所有的活动都推迟，选项A正确。

5.根据最后一段的内容可知，美国人对时间的理解是西方文化的典型特征，他们认为时间就是金钱，所以选项B与之观念相反。

第2题:

第3题:

第4题:

第5题:

5.单选题

Inthepasttenyearsskyscrapershavedeveloped______inChicagoandNewYorkCity.

问题1选项

A.homogeneously

B.simultaneously

C.spontaneously

D.harmoniously

【答案】B

【解析】【选项释义】

A.homogeneously同样地B.simultaneously同时地

C.spontaneously自发地，自然地D.harmoniously和谐地

【考查点】副词辨析。

【解题思路】根据句意“在过去的十年里，摩天大楼在芝加哥和纽约_______拔地而起”，四个选项中只有B项词义符合句意，该题选择B项。

【干扰项排除】

C项指自然发生的，非计划性的；

A、D项不符合句意。

【句意】在过去的十年里，摩天大楼在芝加哥和纽约同时拔地而起。

6.单选题

Ihadtodoafivehourwrittenexaminationonhorseandstablemanagement;butyouknowIhavetodoitinordertogetthe（）.

问题1选项

A.civilization

B.assimilation

C.revolution

D.qualification

【答案】D

【解析】考查名词辨析。civilization“文明，文化”；assimilation“同化，吸收”；revolution“革命，旋转”；qualification“资格，条件”。句意：我得参加5个小时的马匹管理课程笔试。但是你知道我是为了得到相关资质才这样做。只有D项符合句意。

7.单选题

Underthepresentsystem,stateenterprisesmust____allprofitstothegovernment.

问题1选项

A.turndown

B.turnup

C.turnout

D.turnin

【答案】D

【解析】【选项释义】

A.turndown减小；关小；调低B.turnup出现；发生；开大

C.turnout最后是；结果是D.turnin上交；归还

【答案】D

【考查点】词组辨析。

【解题思路】句意：在现行制度下，国有企业必须将所有利润……政府。国营企业上缴利润收入指国营企业以利润等形式上缴给国家的预算收入。因此根据句意，国有企业所获得的利润要交给政府。因此选D。

【干扰项排除】A、B、C选项均不符合句意。

【句意】在现行制度下，国有企业必须将所有利润上缴政府。

8.单选题

Hewasn'taskedtotakeonthechairmanshipofthesociety,（

）insufficientlypopularwithallmembers.

问题1选项

A.beingconsidered

B.considering

C.tobeconsidered

D.havingconsidered

【答案】A

【解析】考查分词作状语。空格处在句中作状语，表示原因，说明主语没有担任主席的原因。主语he是动词consider的承受者，表示被动关系，故排除B、D选项；tobeconsidered是不定式被动式，表示将来或尚未发生的动作，不符合句意，故排除C选项，因此选A。

句意：他没有被要求担任协会主席，考虑到他不太受所有成员欢迎。

9.单选题

Motherwarned______theelectriclamp.

问题1选项

A.nottotouch

B.himnottotouch

C.himnottouching

D.himnottouch

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词用法。句意：妈妈告诫他不要碰电灯。告诫某人不要做某事用warnsb.nottodosth.，所以B选项himnottotouch符合题意，故正确。其余选项语法错误。因此B选项正确。

10.单选题

Thedayispastwhenthecountrycanaffordtogivehighschooldiplomatoallwho（）sixyearsofinstruction.

问题1选项

A.setabout

B.runfor

C.sitthrough

D.makefor

【答案】C

【解析】考查词组辨析。A项setabout“着手，开始做……”，B项runfor“竞选，匆匆去取”，C项sitthrough“一直挺到结束，耐着性子看完”，D项makefor“导致，有助于”。前文提到“国家为所有人提供高中文凭的日子已经过去了”，根据后文的sixyearsofinstruction（6年教育）可推测空格处表示“一直读完六年结束”。句意：国家能够负担得起给所有接受了6年教育的人颁发高中文凭的日子已经过去了。因此，该题C项正确。

11.单选题

Ifacouplearedivorcedandtheirchildliveswithhismother,heissaidtosufferfromlaceof______love.

问题1选项

A.maternal

B.fraternal

C.paternal

D.parental

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A项maternal“母亲的、母性的”；B项fraternal“兄弟般的、友好的”；C项paternal“父亲的、父亲般的”；D项parental“父母亲的”；句意：如果一对夫妇离婚了，他们的孩子和他的母亲住在一起，那么他被认为缺乏父爱。因此该题C项正确。

12.单选题

Imaginewakingupandfindingthevalueofyourassetshasbeenhalved.No,you’renotaninvestorinoneofthosehedgefundsthatfailedcompletely.Withthedollarslumpingtoa26-yearlowagainstthepound,alreadyexpensiveLondonhasbecomequiteunaffordable.AcoffeeatStarbucks,justasunavoidableinEnglandasitisintheUnitedStates,runsabout$8.

Theonceall-powerfuldollarisn’tdoingaTitanicagainstjustthepound.Itissittingatarecordlowagainsttheeuroandata30-yearlowagainsttheCanadiandollar.EventheArgentinepesoandBrazilianrealarethrivingagainstthedollar.

Theweakdollarisasourceofhumiliation,foranation’sself-esteemrestsinpartonthestrengthofitscurrency.It’salsoapotentialeconomicproblem,sinceadecliningdollarmakesimportedfoodmoreexpensiveandexertsupwardpressureoninterestrates.AndyettherearesubstantialsectorsofthevastU.S.economy—fromgiantcompanieslikeCoca-Colatomom-and-poprestaurantoperatorsinMiami—forwhichtheweakdollarismostexcellentnews.

ManyEuropeansmayviewtheU.S.asanarrogantsuperpowerthathasbecomehostiletoforeigners.ButnothingmakespeoplethinkmorewarmlyoftheU.S.thanaweakdollar.ThroughApril,thetotalnumberofvisitorsfromabroadwasup6.8percentfromlastyear.Shouldthetrendcontinue,thenumberoftouriststhisyearwillfinallytopthe2000peak.ManyEuropeansnowapparentlyviewtheU.S.thewaymanyAmericansviewMexico—asacheapplacetovacation,shopandparty,allwhileignoringthefactthatthepoorerlocalscattyaffordtojointhemerrymaking.

Themoneytouristsspendhelpsdecreaseourchronictradedeficit*Sodoexports,which,thanksinparttotheweakdollar,soared11percentbetweenMay2006andMay2007.Forthe

firstfivemonthsof2007，thetradedeficitactuallyfell7percentfrom2006.

IfyouownsharesinlargeAmericancorporations,you’reawinnerintheweak-dollargamble.LastweekCoca-Cola’sstockbubbledtoafive-yearhighafteritreportedafantasticquarter.Foreignsalesaccountedfor65percentofCoke’sbeveragebusiness.OtherAmericancompaniesprofitingfromthistrendincludeMcDonald’sandIBM.

Americantourists,however,shouldn'texpectanyreliefsoon.Thedollarloststrengththewaymanymarriagesbreakup—slowly,andthenallatonce.Andcurrenciesdon’tturnonadime.Soifyouwanttoavoidthepaininflictedbytheincreasinglypatheticdollar,cancelthatsummervacationtoEnglandandlooktoNewEngland.There,thedollarisstilltreatedwithalittlerespect.

1.WhydoAmericansfeelhumiliated?

2.HowdoesthecurrentdollaraffectthelifeofordinaryAmericans?

3.HowdomanyEuropeansfeelabouttheU.S.withthedevalueddollar?

4.Whatistheauthor’sadvicetoAmericans?

5.Whatdoestheauthorimplybysaying"currenciesdon’tturnonadime”(Line2,Pare.7)?

问题1选项

A.Theireconomyisplunging.

B.Theircurrencyhasslumped.

C.Theycan’taffordtripstoEurope.

D.Theyhavelosthalfoftheirassets.

问题2选项

A.TheyhavetocanceltheirvacationsinNewEngland.

B.Theyfinditunaffordabletodineinmom-and-poprestaurants.

C.Theyhavetospendmoremoneywhenbuyingimportedgoods.

D.Theymightlosetheirjobsduetopotentialeconomicproblems.

问题3选项

A.Theyfeelcontemptuousofit.

B.Theyaresympatheticwithit.

C.Theyregarditasasuperpoweronthedecline.

D.Theythinkofitasagoodtouristdestination.

问题4选项

A.Theytreatthedollarwithalittlerespect.

B.Theytrytowinintheweak-dollargamble.

C.Theyvacationathomeratherthanabroad.

D.Theytreasuretheirmarriagesallthemore.

问题5选项

A.Thedollar’svaluewillnotincreaseintheshortterm.

B.Thevalueofadollarwillnotbereducedtoadime.

C.Thedollar’svaluewilldrop,butwithinasmallmargin.

D.FewAmericanswillchangedollarsintoothercurrencies.

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:C

第3题:D

第4题:C

第5题:A

【解析】1.细节事实题。由题干关键词humiliated定位至第三段:Theweakdollarisasourceofhumiliation,foranation'sself-esteemrestsinpartonthestrengthofitscurrency(美元贬值是一种耻辱之源，因为一个国家的自尊在一定程度上取决于其货币的实力)。故选B(货币贬值)。

2.细节事实题。第三段指出:It'salsoapotentialeconomicproblem,sinceadecliningdollarmakesimportedfoodmoreexpensiveandexertsupwardpressureoninterestrates(由于美元日益贬值，使得进口商品的价格上涨，对利率的压力也不断增大),故选C(当购买进口商品时，需要支付更多费用)。

3.细节事实题。根据题干定位至第四段:ManyEuropeansnowapparentlyviewtheU.S.thewaymanyAmericansviewMexico—asacheapplacetovacation,shopandparty(现在，许多欧洲人眼中的美国显然就像美国人心中的墨西哥一样个价格低的旅游、购物和聚会的好去处)。故选D(他们认为美国是一个好的旅游目的地)。

4.判断推理题。文章最后一段指出:Soifyouwanttoavoidthepaininflictedbytheincreasinglypatheticdollar,cancelthatsummervacationtoEnglandandlooktoNewEngland.There,thedollarisstilltreatedwithalittlerespect(所以，如果你打算避免因为美元持续贬值而带来的伤痛，那么取消今年暑假的英国之旅，转而前往新英格兰州吧。在那里，美元还能保留一丝尊严)。新英格兰州属于美国,故选C(他们在国内度假，而非国外)。

5.语义题。根据题干关键词"currenciesdon’tturnonadime”定位至最后一段,其前一句为:Thedollarloststrengththewaymanymarriagesbreakup—slowly,andthenallatonce(美元疲软就像许多婚姻走向破裂的过程一样先是慢慢的，然后突然爆发)。"turnonadime"本意为“短时间内发生急剧转变”,故选A(美元短时间内不会升值)。

13.翻译题

国际间的礼品赠予已经成了文化的危险区域。各种文化中的禁忌都有所不同。要赠送他人得当的礼品就必须了解对方的文化。

在某些文化中，适时赠予符合时尚的合适的礼品，不仅会增进个人之间的关系，也能提高公司和个人的形象。合适的礼品可以表达对他人的尊重，同样也表现出公司和个人的形象，以及实现全球化的技能和实力。在人际关系十分重要的文化中，礼品反映公司的形象和意图。同时，潜在的合作伙伴可以进一步领会你以及你公司的想法和未来可能采取的行动。然而，赠予礼品的主要目的是，向接受者表示敬意，让他们感到愉快。如果把这一点牢记在心，你就不可能赠送他人不合适的礼品。你的礼品就更不可能会侮辱对方。

国际间礼品赠予的基本经验是：你赠送的礼品最好是本国生产的。要特别细心，弄清礼品的生产产地，以避免对接受礼品的人造成任何无礼的后果。

【答案】Internationalgift-givinghasbecomeadangerouszoneofculture,andeachculturehasitsowntaboos.Togivepropergiftstoothers,onemustunderstandthecultureofthereceivers.

Insomecultures,givingtheappropriateandfashionablegifttimely,notonlyadvancespersonalrelationships,butcanenhancetheimageofthecompanyandtheindividual.Therightgiftcanshowrespectforothers,andindicatetheimageofacompanyoranindividual,aswellastheskillsandstrengthtoachieveglobalization.Inaculturewhererelationshipsareimportant,giftsreflectacompany’simageandintentions.Atthesametime,potentialpartnerscangaininsightintowhatyouandyourcompanyarethinkingandwhatyoumightdointhefuture.However,themainpurposeofgift-givingistoshowyourhonortotherecipientsandmakethemfeelhappy.Ifyoukeepthisinmind,itwillbeimpossibleforyoutogiveothersinappropriategifts,letaloneinsultinggifts.

Thebasicexperienceininternationalgift-givingis:yourgifthadbettertobemanufacturedinyourhomecountry.Takespecialcaretomakesurewherethegiftwasmadesoasnottocauseanyrudenesstotherecipient.

14.单选题

Thepromiseoffindinglong-termtechnologicalsolutionstotheproblemofworldfoodshortagesseemsdifficulttofulfill.Manyinnovationsthatwereonceheavilysupportedandpublicized,suchasfish-proteinconcentrateandproteinfromalgaegrownonpetroleumsubstrates:hassincefallenbythewayside.Theproposalsthemselvesweretechnicallyfeasible;buttheyprovedtobeeconomicallyunviableandtoyieldfoodproductsculturallyunacceptabletotheirconsumers.Recentinnovationssuchasopaque-2maize,Antarctickrill,andthewheat-ryetriticaleseemmorepromising,butitistooearlytopredicttheirultimatefate.

Onecharacteristiccommontounsuccessfulfoodinnovationshasbeenthat,evenwithextensivegovernmentsupport,theyoftenhavenotbeentechnologicallyadaptedorculturallyacceptabletothepeopleforwhomtheyhadbeendeveloped.Asuccessfulnewtechnology,therefore,mustfittheentiresocio-culturalsysteminwhichitistofindaplace.Securityofcropyield,practicalityofstorage,palatability,andcostsaremuchmoresignificantthanhadpreviouslybeenrealizedbytheadvocatesofnewtechnologies.Forexample,thebetterproteinqualityintortillasmadefromopaque-2maizewillbeofonlylimitedbenefittoafamilyonthemarginofsubsistenceifthenewmaizeisnotculturallyacceptableorismorevulnerabletoinsects.

Theadoptionofnewfoodtechnologiesdependsonmorethanthesetechnicalandculturalconsiderations;economicfactorsandgovernmentalpoliciesalsostronglyinfluencetheultimatesuccessofanyinnovation.EconomistsintheAnglo-Americantraditionhavetakentheleadininvestigatingtheeconomicsoftechnologicalinnovation.Althoughtheyexaggerateinclaimingthatprofitabilityisthekeyfactorguidingtechnicalchange—theycompletelydisregardthesubstantialeffectsofculture—theyarecorrectinstressingtheimportanceofprofits.Mosttechnologicalinnovationsinagriculturecanbellyusedonlybylargelandownersandareonlyadoptediftheseprofit-orientedbusinesspeoplebelievethattheinnovationwillincreasetheirincomes.

1.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethattheauthorwasabletoassessthetruthofwhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutopaque-2maize?

2.ThepassagementionsallofthefollowingasfactorsimportanttothesuccessofanewfoodcropEXCEPTthe（

）.

3.Accordingtothepassage,theuseofAntarctickrillasafoodisaninnovationwhosefutureis（

）.

4.Thefirstparagraphofthepassagebestsupportswhichofthefollowingstatements?

问题1选项

A.Itcanbestoredaseasilyasothervarietiesofmaize.

B.Itismorepopularthanthewheat-ryehybridtriticale.

C.Itproducestortillasofgreaterproteincontentthandoothervarietiesofmaize.

D.Itismoresusceptibletoinsectsthanareothervarietiesofmaize.

问题2选项

A.practicalityofstorageofthecrop

B.securityofthecropyield

C.qualityofthecrop'sprotein

D.culturalacceptabilityofthecrop

问题3选项

A.basicallygloomybutstilluncertain

B.somewhatpromisingbutverytentative

C.generallybrightandvirtuallyassured

D.tiedtotheSuccessofopaque-2maize

问题4选项

A.Toomuchpublicitycanharmthechancesforthesuccessofanewfoodinnovation.

B.Innovationsthatproduceculturallyacceptablecropswillgenerallybesuccessful.

C.Afood-productinnovationcanbetechnicallyfeasibleandstillnotbeeconomicallyviable.

D.Itisdifficulttodecidewhetherafood-productinnovationhasactuallybeenasuccess.

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:C

第3题:B

第4题:D

【解析】1.判断推理题。根据第二段最后一句“thebetterproteinqualityintortillasmadefromopaque-2maizewillbeofonlylimitedbenefittoafamilyonthemarginofsubsistenceifthenewmaizeisnotculturallyacceptableorismorevulnerabletoinsects.如果这种新玉米在文化上不能被接受，或者更容易受到昆虫的侵害，那么用不透明2型玉米制成的玉米饼所含的蛋白质尽管质量较好，但对处于生存边缘的家庭所带来的利益将是有限的。”作者的重点在于强调它比其他玉米品种更容易受到昆虫的侵害，所以选项D符合题意。

2.细节事实题。根据第二段的二三句“Asuccessfulnewtechnology,therefore,mustfittheentiresocio-culturalsysteminwhichitistofindaplace.Securityofcropyield,practicalityofstorage,palatability,andcostsaremuchmoresignificantthanhadpreviouslybeenrealizedbytheadvocatesofnewtechnologies.因此，一项成功的新技术必须适应它所处的整个社会文化系统。作物产量的安全性、储藏的实用性、风味和成本都比以前新技术的倡导者所认识到的要重要得多。”选项A，B，D均有所提及，所以本题选C。

3.细节事实题。根据关键词“Antarctickrill”定位到第一段最后一句“Recentinnovationssuchasopaque-2maize,Antarctickrill,andthewheat-ryetriticaleseemmorepromising,butitistooearlytopredicttheirultimatefate.最近的创新，如不透明玉米、南极磷虾和黑小麦似乎更有希望，但现在预测它们的最终命运还为时过早。”所以选项B符合原文。

4.判断推理题。第一段最后一句指出“itistooearlytopredicttheirultimatefate.现在预测它们的最终命运还为时过早”。选项A在文中没有提及；选项B太过于绝对；选项C表述过于片面，只有选项D能够全面的概括第一段的内容，所以正确。

15.单选题

Iwouldhavecomesooner,butI（）thattheywerewaitingforme.

问题1选项

A.didn’tknow

B.haven’tknown

C.don’tknow

D.wouldhaveknown

【答案】A

【解析】考查虚拟语气。句子的前半部分wouldhavecome是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，表示我应该早点来的。所以句子的后半部分应该要用到过去式，表示过去不知道他们在等我。句意：我本可以早点来的，但我不知道他们在等我。综上所述，本题的正确答案是A选项。

16.单选题

Artthatenduresoftenmakesaninitiallydisturbingimpact:theprofoundexperiencethatsuchartseekstoprovokenecessarilyengendersacertain（

）.

问题1选项

A.familiarity

B.ennui

C.upheaval

D.intimacy

【答案】C

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。familiarity“熟悉，精通”；ennui“厌倦，无聊，倦怠”；upheaval“剧变，动乱”；intimacy“亲密，亲昵行为”。句意：忍耐的艺术通常产生原发性地让人烦恼的冲击效果：这种艺术试图引起的深刻经验必然产生一种错乱。选项C符合题意。

17.单选题

ThedestructionoftheEarth’sozonelayer,forexample,couldcontributetothegeneralprocessofimpoverishmentbyallowingultravioletraystoharmplantsandanimals.

问题1选项

A.sufficient

B.improvement

C.prosperity

D.poverty

【答案】D

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。A选项sufficient“足够的；充分的”；B选项improvement“改进，改善；提高”；C选项prosperity“繁荣，成功”；D选项poverty“贫困；困难；缺少；低劣”。句意：例如，地球臭氧层的破坏会使紫外线伤害动植物，从而加剧贫困化的进程。结合此处关键词impoverishment“贫穷；致使贫乏或贫瘠之事物；穷困化状况”，得知D选项正确。

18.单选题

WhenIwentintothediningroomthenextmorning,the（

）ofthedinnerwerestillonthetable.

问题1选项

A.remains

B.relies

C.remnants

D.surplus

【答案】A

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。remain“遗迹，剩余物”；rely“依靠”；remnant“剩余”；surplus“剩余；顺差”。句意：当我第二天早上去餐厅时，昨天晚餐剩下的东西还在桌上。选项A符合题意。

19.单选题

Hisfamilytriedto___intothewhiteandHispaniccommunities.

问题1选项

A.melt

B.assimilate

C.involve

D.weaver

【答案】B

【解析】【选项释义】

A.melt融化B.assimilate吸收；使同化

C.involve包含；牵涉D.weaver织布工；编织工

【考查点】固定搭配。

【解题思路】assimilateinto表示（使）逐渐混合于（某一更大的群体）。句中whiteandHispaniccommunities指的是白人和西班牙裔社区，是一个大群体。B选项符合句意。

【干扰项排除】A、C、D选项均无法与空格前后构成相应逻辑关系。

【句意】他的家人试图融入白人和西班牙裔社区。

20.单选题

Theyoungapplicantisundergreat___atthethoughtofup-comingjobinterview.

问题1选项

A.comprehension

B.apprehension

C.miscomprehension

D.concern

【答案