考研考博-英语-德宏师范高等专科学校押题密卷附带答案详解篇

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-德宏师范高等专科学校押题密卷附带答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第壹套一.全考点押题密卷-综合训练(共50题)1.单选题

Thedaywasbreakingandpeoplebegantogotoworksothemurdererwasunableto（）ofthebody.

问题1选项

A.dispense

B.dispose

C.discard

D.discharge

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项dispense“分配，分发”；C选项discard“丢弃，抛弃”；D选项discharge“卸货，放出”。句意：因为天亮了人们开始去上班，所以凶手无法处理尸体。此外，dispose与of为固定搭配，意思是“处置，处理”。所以只有B选项符合。

2.单选题

Thisriverissobigthatitisimpossibletobuilda（）underitwithoutmoderntechnology.

问题1选项

A.canal

B.tunnel

C.channel

D.cable

【答案】B

【解析】考查名词辨析。canal“运河”；tunnel“隧道”；channel“通道，航道”；cable“缆绳，电缆”。句意：这条河如此长以至于没有现代技术的话，不可能去建一条地下隧道。B项符合题意。

3.单选题

（

）youcomeyesterday,youwouldhaveseenhim.

问题1选项

A.Had

B.if

C.when

D.should

【答案】A

【解析】句意:如果你昨天来了，就可以见到他了。

语法题。考查虚拟语气。此句是对过去的虚拟,从句要用过去完成时。Hadyoucomeyesterday=ifyouhadcomeyesterday。

4.单选题

Johnwasonthe（）ofhiscareerandheworkedhardatthattime.

问题1选项

A.space

B.border

C.margin

D.threshold

【答案】D

【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项space“空间”；B选项border“边境；边界”；C选项margin“边缘；利润；页边的空白”；D选项threshold“入口；开始”。句意：约翰刚……他的职业生涯，那时候他工作很努力。每个人在从事第一份工作的时候都信心满满，干劲十足。根据后面的关键信息heworkedhardatthattime“那时的他很努力的工作”，由此可知那时候是他职业生涯的开始。onthethresholdof“在……的开端”。因此D选项符合题意。

5.单选题

Teacherscomplainthatchildren_______thesetestswithoutbeingabletowriteadecentessay,solveamulti-stepmathproblemorconstructaframework.

问题1选项

A.lookthrough

B.carrythrough

C.sailthrough

D.putthrough

【答案】C

【解析】考查词组辨析。A选项lookthrough“浏览；仔细查看”；B选项carrythrough“（常指不顾困难）完成”；C选项sailthrough“轻易完成；顺利通过”；D选项putthrough“给……接通电话；使……遭受”。句意：老师们抱怨说，孩子们没有写出一篇像样的文章、解决一个多步骤的数学问题或构建一个框架，在这种情况下_______这些测试。根据语境，sailthrough“顺利通过”搭配tests“测试”比较合理，意指学生不做什么努力就通过测试了。因此C选项正确。

6.单选题

Iamafraidtosleep.Ihavebeenafraidtosleepforthelastfewweeks.Iamsotiredthat,finally,Idosleep,butonlyforafewminutes.Itisnotabaddreamthatwakesme;itistherealityItookwithmeintosleep.Itrytothinkofsomethingelse.

Immediatelythewomaninthemarketplacecomesintomymind.

IwasonmywaytodinnerlastnightwhenIsawher.Shewassellingskirts.ShemovedwiththesameeaseandlovelinessIoftensawinthewomenofLaos.Herlongblackhairwasasshinyastheblacksilkoftheskirtsshewasselling.Inherhair,sheworethreesilkribbons,blue,green,andwhite.TheyremindedmeofmychildhoodandhowmygirlfriendsandIusedtospendhoursbraidingribbonsintoourhair.

Idon’tknowthewordfor“ribbons”,soIputmyhandtomyownhairand,withthreefingersagainstmyhead,Ilookedatherribbonsandsaid“Beautiful.”Sheloweredhereyesandsaidnothing.Iwasn’tsureifsheunderstoodme(Idon’tspeakLaotianverywell).

Ilookedbackdownattheskirts.Theyhaddesignsonthem:squaresandtrianglesandcirclesofpinkandgreensilk.Theywereverypretty.Idecidedtobuyoneofthoseskirts,andIbegantobargainwithherovertheprice.ItisthecustomtobargaininAsia.InLaosbargainingisdoneinsoftvoicesandeasymoveswiththesortofquietpeacefulness.

Shesmiled,morewithhereyesthanwithherlips.ShewaspleasedbythefewwordsIwasabletosayinherlanguage,althoughtheyweremostlynumbers,andshesawthatIunderstoodsomethingaboutthesoftplayfulnessofbargaining.Weshookourheadsindisagreementovertheprice;then,immediately,wemadeanotherofferandthenanothershakeofthehead.Shewassopleasedthatunexpectedly,sheacceptedthelastofferImade.Butitwastoosoon.Thepricewastoolow.Shewasbeingtoogenerousandwouldn’tmakeenoughmoney.Imovedquicklyandpickeduptwomoreskirtsandpaidforallthreeatthepriceset;thatwayIwasabletopayherthreetimesasmuchbeforeshehadachancetolowerthepriceforthelargerpurchase.Shesmiledopenlythen,and,forthefirsttimeinmonths,myspiritlifted.Ialmostfelthappy.

Thefeelingstayedwithmewhileshewrappedtheskirtsinanewspaperandhandedthemtome.WhenIleft,though,thefeelingleft,too.Itwasasthoughitstayedbehindinmarketplace.Ilefttearsinmythroat.Iwantedtocry.Ididn’t,ofcourse.

Ihavelearnedtodefendmyselfagainstwhatishard;withoutknowingit,Ihavealsolearnedtodefendmyselfagainstwhatissoftandwhatshouldbeeasy.

Igetup,lightacandleandwanttolookattheskirts.Theyarestillinthenewspaperthatthewomanwrappedthemin.Iremovethepaper,andraisetheskirtsuptolookatthemagainbeforeIpackthem.Somethingfallstofloor.Ireachdownandfeelsomethingcoolinmyhand.ImoveclosetothecandlelighttoseewhatIhave.Therearefivelongsilkribbonsinmyhand,alldifferentcolors.Thewomaninthemarketplace!Shehasgiventheseribbonstome!

Thereisnodefenseagainstagenerousspirit,andthistimeIcry,andveryhard,asifIcouldmakeupforallthemonthsthatIdidn’tcry.

1.WhichofthefollowinginNOTcorrect?

2.Thewriterassumedthatthewomanacceptedthelastoffermainlybecausethewoman（）.

3.Whydidthewriterfinallydecidetobuythreeskirts?

4.Whydidthewritercryeventuallywhenshelookedattheskirtsagain?

问题1选项

A.Thewriterwasnotusedtobargaining.

B.PeopleinAsiaalwaysbargainwhenbuyingthings.

C.BargaininginLaoswasquietandpeaceful.

D.Thewriterwasreadytobargainwiththewoman

问题2选项

A.thoughtthatthelastofferwasreasonable

B.thoughtshecouldstillmakemuchmoney

C.wasgladthatthewriterknewtheirwayofbargaining

D.wastiredofbargainingwiththewriteranymore

问题3选项

A.Theskirtswerecheapandpretty.

B.Shelikedthepatternsontheskirts.

C.Shewantedtodosomethingascompensation.

D.Shewasfedupwithfurtherbargainingwiththewoman.

问题4选项

A.Shesuddenlyfeltverysad.

B.Shelikedtheribbonssomuch.

C.Shewasovercomebyemotion.

D.Shefeltsorryforthewoman.

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:C

第3题:C

第4题:C

【解析】第1题:1.【选项释义】

1.WhichofthefollowinginNOTcorrect?1.下列哪项不正确？

A.Thewriterwasnotusedtobargaining.A.作家不习惯讨价还价。

B.PeopleinAsiaalwaysbargainwhenbuyingthings.B.亚洲人买东西总是讲价。

C.BargaininginLaoswasquietandpeaceful.C.在老挝，讨价还价是安静而和平的。

D.Thewriterwasreadytobargainwiththewoman.D.作家准备和那女人讨价还价。

【考查点】事实细节题。

【解题思路】根据第五段最后三句“我决定买一条这样的裙子，就开始和她讲价。讨价还价是亚洲的习惯。在老挝，讨价还价是用柔和的声音和轻松的动作进行的，是一种平静和平和的气氛。”，可知，作者决定和卖家进行讨价还价，而A项“作家不习惯讨价还价”不符合原文，文中也并未提及作者不习惯讲价，所以该项错误，但符合题意。故该题选择A项正确。

【干扰项排除】B项“亚洲人买东西总是讲价”，C项“在老挝，讨价还价是安静而和平的”和D项“作家准备和那女人讨价还价”根据解题思路可知，这三项符合原文，属于反向干扰。

第2题:2.【选项释义】

2.Thewriterassumedthatthewomanacceptedthelastoffermainlybecausethewoman______.2.作者认为，这名女子接受最后一个报价的主要原因是______。

A.thoughtthatthelastofferwasreasonableA.认为最后的报价是合理的

B.thoughtshecouldstillmakemuchmoneyB.以为她还能赚很多钱

C.wasgladthatthewriterknewtheirwayofbargainingC.很高兴作者知道她们讨价还价的方式

D.wastiredofbargainingwiththewriteranymoreD.厌倦了和作者讨价还价

【考查点】推理判断题。

【解题思路】根据第六段第四句“她太高兴了，以至于出乎意料地接受了我最后的报价”，结合前面两句“我能用她的语言说几句话，她很高兴，尽管这些话大多是数字，她还看出我懂得讨价还价时那种温柔的戏谑。我们对价格意见不一而摇摇头；然后，我们立即又提出了另一个报价，然后又摇了摇头。”，综合理解可推断，这个女人感到高兴是因为作者知道怎么用他们国家的方式进行讨价还价，故C项正确。

【干扰项排除】

A项“认为最后的报价是合理的”和B项“以为她还能赚很多钱”，根据第六段第七句“她太慷慨了，赚不到足够的钱”可知，这两项是可以排除的，属于反向干扰；

D项“厌倦了和作者讨价还价”，第六段提到这个女人很高兴，所以不可能是厌倦，该项反向干扰。

第3题:3.【选项释义】

3.Whydidthewriterfinallydecidetobuythreeskirts?3.为什么作者最后决定买三条裙子？

A.Theskirtswerecheapandpretty.A.这些裙子既便宜又漂亮。

B.Shelikedthepatternsontheskirts.B.她喜欢裙子上的图案。

C.Shewantedtodosomethingascompensation.C.她想做点什么作为补偿。

D.Shewasfedupwithfurtherbargainingwiththewoman.D.她厌倦了和那个女人讨价还价。

【考查点】推理判断题。

【解题思路】根据第六段中的“价格太低了。她太慷慨了，赚不到足够的钱。我赶紧又拿起两条裙子，按规定的价格把三件都付了。”，从中可知，作者觉得价格太低，怕女人挣不到钱，所以多买了几件作为一种补偿。选项C符合原文。

【干扰项排除】

A项“这些裙子既便宜又漂亮”，文中没有提到裙子很便宜，属于无中生有；

B项“她喜欢裙子上的图案”，这是作者决定买第一条裙子的原因，该项张冠李戴；

D项“她厌倦了和那个女人讨价还价”没有体现，无中生有。

第4题:4.【选项释义】

4.Whydidthewritercryeventuallywhenshelookedattheskirtsagain?4.为什么当作者再次看她的裙子时，她最后哭了？

A.Shesuddenlyfeltverysad.A.她突然感到很难过。

B.Shelikedtheribbonssomuch.B.她很喜欢这些发带。

C.Shewasovercomebyemotion.C.她非常感动。

D.Shefeltsorryforthewoman.D.她为那个女人感到难过。

【考查点】推理判断题。

【解题思路】根据最后一段第一句“对慷慨的精神是无法抵挡的，这次我哭了……”，以及倒数第二段提到作者惊奇地发现女人送了五条发带给她，结合文章第四段，作者跟女人说女人的发带很好看，综合理解可知，作者哭是因为感动。C项正确。

【干扰项排除】

A项“她突然感到很难过”和D项“她为那个女人感到难过”根据解题思路可知，该两项曲解原文；

B项“她很喜欢这些发带”并不是作者哭的原因，张冠李戴。

7.单选题

Thelittlegirlisignorant（）thebasicrulesofEnglishgrammar.

问题1选项

A.for

B.of

C.with

D.against

【答案】B

【解析】固定搭配。ignorantof意为“不知道,不了解”，为固定搭配。选项B正确。

8.单选题

Nevertryinghishandathaikuorrhymingverse,Tannerisadedicatedwriterof_____whoprefersparagraphs,plotlines,andfully-developedcharacterization.

问题1选项

A.metaphor

B.prose

C.euphemism

D.catharsis

【答案】B

【解析】考查名词辨析。A项“暗喻；隐喻”，B项“散文”，C项“委婉语”，D项“宣泄”，根据句意：坦纳从不尝试俳句或押韵诗，他是一位专注的作家，喜欢段落、情节和充分发展的人物塑造。因此只有B项符合。

9.单选题

Everyonehasamomentinhistory,whichbelongsparticularlytohim.Itisthemomentwhenhisemotionsachievetheirmostpowerfulswayoverhim,andafterwardwhenyousaytothisperson“theworldtoday”or“life”or“reality”hewillassumethatyoumeanthismoment,evenifitisfiftyyearspast.Theworld,throughhisunleashed（释放的）emotions,imprinteditselfuponhim,andhecar-riesthestampofthatpassingmomentforever.

Forme，thismoment——fouryearsinamomentinhistory——wasthewar.Thewarwasandisrealityforme.Istillinstinctivelyliveandthinkinitsatmosphere.Thesearesomeofitscharacteris-tics.

FranklinDelanoRooseveltisthepresidentoftheUnitedStates,andhealwayshasbeen.TheothertwoeternalworldleadersareWinstonChurchillandJosephStalin.Americaisnot,neverhasbeen,andneverwillbewhatthesongandpoemscallit,alandofplenty.Nylon，meat,gasoline,andsteelarerare.Therearetoomanyjobsandnotenoughworkers.Moneyisveryeasytoearnbutratherhardtospend,becausethereisn’tverymuchtobuy.Trainsarealwayslateandalwayscrowdedwith“servicemen”.ThewarwillalwaysbefoughtveryfarfromAmerica,anditwillneverend.NothinginAmericastandsstillforverylong,includingthepeoplewhoarealwayseitherleavingoronleave.PeopleinAmericacryoften.Sixteenisthekeyandcrucialandnaturalageforahumanbeingtobe,andpeopleofallotheragesarerangedinanorderlymanneraheadofandbehindyouasahar-monioussettingforthesixteen-year-oldsoftheworld.Whenyouaresixteen,adultsareslightlyim-pressedandalmostintimidatedbyyou.Thisisapuzzlefinallysolvedbytherealizationthattheyfore-seeyourmilitaryfuture:fightingforthem.Youdonotforeseeit.TowasteanythinginAmericaisim-moral.Stringandtinfoilaretreasures.Newspapersarealwayscrowedwithstrangemapsandnamesoftowns,andeveryfewmonthstheearthseemstolurch（突然倾斜）fromitspathwhenyouseesome-thinginthenewspapers,suchasthetimeMussolini,whoalmostseemedoneoftheeternalleaders,isphotographedhangingupsidedownonameathook.

1.Whichstatementbestdepictsthemainideaofthefirstparagraph?

2.Whydoestheauthorstillclearlyrememberthewar?

3.Whichstatementbestdescribestheauthor’sfeelingsaboutthewar?

4.Whydoestheauthorthinkthatadultsareimpressedwithsixteen-year-olds?

5.Whydoestheauthorsaythatstringandtinfoilaretreasures?

问题1选项

A.Realityiswhatyoumakeofit.

B.Timeislikeariver.

C.Emotionsarepowerful.

D.Everypersonhasaspecialmoment.

问题2选项

A.FranklinDelanoRooseveltwasPresident.

B.Itwashispersonalrealityandpartofhislife.

C.Therewasnotmuchtobuy.

D.Thewarwouldneverend.

问题3选项

A.Itwaseverrealforhim,yethewasnotactivelyinvolved.

B.Itwasrealforhimbecausehewasasoldieratthattime.

C.Itwasveryunrealtohim.

D.Thewarwasverydisruptivetothepeopleathome.

问题4选项

A.Adultswouldliketobeyoung.

B.Sixteen-year-oldsdonotwastethings.

C.Sixteen-year-oldsreadnewspapers.

D.Theywillbefightingsoonforadults.

问题5选项

A.Thewarhasmadethemscarce.

B.Theyareusefultosixteen-year-olds.

C.Helikedthemwhenhewassixteen.

D.Peopleareverywasteful.

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:B

第3题:A

第4题:D

第5题:A

【解析】1.第一段指出：everyonehasamomentinhishistory,whichbelongsparticularlytohim（每个人在他的历史上都有一个属于他的时刻）,选项D符合题意。

2.文章第二段指出：thewarwasandisrealityforme（战争对作者来说很真实），这是作者为何记住战争的原因，选项B符合题意。

3.文章第二段指出：Istillinstinctivelyliveandthinkinitsatmosphere.Thesearesomeofitscharacteristics，由此推测战争对他来说是非常真实的，但是文章中并没有提到作者是一名战士，因此选项A符合题意。

4.根据题干关键词“adultsareimpressedwithsixteen-year-olds”定位至文章第三段：whenyouaresixteen,adultsareslightlyimpressedandalmostintimidatedbyyou.Thisisapuzzlefinallysolvedbytherealizationthattheyforeseeyourmilitaryfuture:fightingforthem.可知成年人之所有会对16岁少年印象深刻是因为他们知道这些少年将来会为他们打仗，选项D符合题意。

5.根据题干关键词“Stringandtinfoilaretreasures”定位至第三段，第三段前面提到：Nylon,meat,gasoline,andsteelarerare，因此推测当时战争使得物资匮乏，后面指出了“Stringandtinfoilaretreasures”。故答案为A选项。

10.单选题

Itisimperativethatthegovernment（）moreinvestmentintotheshipbuildingindustry.

问题1选项

A.attracts

B.shallattract

C.attract

D.hastoattract

【答案】C

【解析】考查虚拟语气。在itis+表示要求，建议，必要，命令意思的形容词或分词+主语从句的结构中。句子使用虚拟语气。其结构是“should+动词原形”，should可以省略，imperative表示“必要的，不可避免的”。句意：吸引更多的投资到造船业是势在必行的。因此,本题的正确答案是C选项。

11.单选题

16-20

问题1选项

A.Becausehehaddifficultyswallowingit.

B.Becauseitwasupsettinghisstomach.

C.Becausehewasallergictoit.

D.Becauseitwastooexpensive.

问题2选项

A.Hecan’tplaysocceranymore.

B.Hehasaseriousfootproblem.

C.Heneedsanoperation.

D.Hehascancer.

问题3选项

A.Abloodtransfusion.

B.Anallergytest.

C.Aurinetest..

D.Abiopsy.

问题4选项

A.Toseeifhehascancer.

B.Toseeifhehasdepression.

C.Toseeifherequiressurgery.

D.Toseeifhehasfoodallergyproblem.

问题5选项

A.Relieved.

B.Anxious.

C.Angry.

D.Depressed.

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:C

第3题:D

第4题:D

第5题:A

【解析】W:Hi,Patrick,howareyoufeelingtoday?

M:Abitbetter.

W:That’sgoodtohear.Areyoustillfeelingnausea?

M:No.(16)Ihaven’tfeltsicktomystomachsinceyouswitchedmymedication.

W.Great,say,yourtestresultcamethismorning

M:It’sabouttime.Isitgoodnewsorbad?

W:Iguessit'sabitofboth.Whichdoyouwantfirst?

M:Let’sgetthebadnewsoverwith.

W:OK.(17)Itlookslikeyouaregoingtoneedsurgerytoremoveyourtumorfromyourleg.Aftertheoperationyou’regoingtohavetostayoffyourfeetforatleast3weeks.Thatmeansnosoccer.

M:Well,Iwasafraidyouweregoingtosaythat.

W:Now.Forthegoodnews.(18)Thebiopsyshowsthetumorisbenignwhichmeansitisnotcancerous.We’regoingtotakeitoutanyway,justtobeonthesafeside.

M:(20)Wow,that’saloadoffmymind.Thanksdoctor.

W:Don’tgettooexcited,westillneedtogettothebottomofallthiswayofloathing...

M:Iprobablyhavejustbeensoworriedaboutstupidlump.

W:Thesethingsoftenarestress-related,butwe’restillgoingtodoafewbloodtestsjusttoruleafewthingsout.

M:Thingslikewhat?Cancer?

W:(19)Actually,Iamthinkingmorealongthelineoffoodallergy.

16.Whatdidthemanhavetoswitchthemedication?

【解析】病人说胃里很恶心（upset），因此医生考虑要换药（switchthemedication）。故本题答案为B。

17.Whatisthebadnewsfortheman?

【解析】医生说“Thatmeansnosoccer”，即不能踢球，但并非永远不能再踢球，而是3个星期没法踢球。导致这个结果的原因是该病人腿部需要做一个手术。因此本题正确答案为C。

18.Whatmedicalprocedureshavethemanalreadyundergone?

【解析】通过对话内容可知，病人已经做了biopsy（活检）。因此本题答案为D。

19.Whydidthedoctoraskthemantotakeafewbloodtests?

【解析】医生告诉病人还需要做几个血液化验，来排除过敏（allergy）的问题。因此本题答案为D。

20.Whichofthefollowingcanbestdescribetheman’sfeelingintheend?

【解析】医生说“Thebeltshowsthetumorisbenignwhichmeansitisnotcancerous.We’regoingtotakeitoutanyway,justtobeonasafeside.”病人排除了恶性肿瘤等问题，应该是比较放松的。因此本题答案为A。

12.翻译题

当你站在一件艺术品面前时，技术便会帮你找到有关这一艺术品某一方面的更多信息。比如在鉴定艺术品的年代和出处方面，技术将具有极大价值。我们可以运用越来越客观的标准来鉴定纸张、颜料、化学品等的年代，这样将会有令人震惊的事情发生，例如突然发现一件伟大作品竟然是赝品。当然，艺术品市场自身将继续随着供求关系而浮动，但是在英国，我希望博物馆和美术馆有朝一日能得到政府政策上的帮助，政府放松纳税规定，更多地鼓励私人收藏家把藏品捐献给公共机构。

【答案】Whenyouareappreciatingaworkofart,technologywillprovideyouwithmoredetailedinformationaboutthiswork.Technologywillbeofgreatvalueinsomefieldssuchasdeterminingthedateandoriginoftheartwork.Inappraisingtheageofthepaper,pigmentandchemicaloftheartwork,moreandmoreobjectivestandardsareavailable.Inthisprocess,somesurprisingthingswilloccur.Forinstance,amasterpieceissuddenlyfoundtobeafake.Ofcourse,themarketofartworkwillchangewiththelawofsupplyanddemand.However,inBritain,Ihopethatmuseumsandgallerieswillonedaybehelpedbygovernmentpoliciesthatrelaxtaxrulesandencourageprivatecollectorstodonatemoretopublicinstitutions.

13.单选题

WhenIapproachedtheBritishembassytoapplyavisatoworkonadesignprojectinAberdeen,Ihardlyexpectedthatitwouldtakesixmonthstoobtainone.

问题1选项

A.toapplyavisatowork

B.onadesignproject

C.hardly

D.thatitwouldtakesixmonthsto

E.没有错误

【答案】A

【解析】动词误用。动词apply为不及物动词,后面接宾语时应加介词for。Applyfor申请。

14.写作题

Writea100—120-wordsummaryofthearticleinquestion3.

【答案】ThehistoryofblackliberationmovementsintheUSAcouldbecharacterizedasastruggleoverimagesasmuchasastruggleforrightsandequalaccess.However,thecontroloverimagesmetmanysetbacks:itwasconsiderednotasimportantasequalaccess;thepowertosegregatewasmistakenlybelievedbymanyblacksasthegreatestpoweragainstthem;blackpeoplehavemadefewrevolutionaryinterventionsinit;racialdesegregationpartlyledmanyblackpeopletobelessattentivetoit;nationalistblackfreedommovementsoftenonlycaredaboutquestionsof“good”and“bad”imageryanddidnotpromoteamoreexpansiveculturalunderstandingofthepoliticsofessenceandidentitythatultimatelyrestrictedandconfinedblackimageproduction.

15.单选题

By1900,manymunicipalitieshadbeguntorestricttheuseofautomobilesinordertoensurepedestriansafety.

问题1选项

A.amplify

B.standardize

C.limit

D.prohibit

【答案】C

【解析】【选项释义】

A.amplify扩大B.standardize使标准化

C.limit限制D.prohibit禁止

【答案】C

【考查点】动词辨析

【解题思路】划线词部分语义为“____汽车的使用，以确保行人的安全”，原词restrict“限制”，C选项limit“限制”最符合原文。

【干扰项排除】

A选项amplify“扩大”，不符合原句语义；

B选项standardize“使标准化”，不符合原句语义；

D选项prohibit“禁止”，指完全不让使用，不符合原句语义。

【句意】到1900年，许多城市开始限制汽车的使用，以确保行人的安全。

16.单选题

Charlesisaccurate（

）hiscalculations.

问题1选项

A.with

B.for

C.in

D.to

【答案】C

【解析】句意:Charles在计算方面很精确。

考查短语辨析。beaccuratein在…方面很精确;beaccurateto精确至…。beaccurate没有和with跟for的搭配。故选C。

17.单选题

Thehumancriterionforperfectvisionis20/20forreadingthestandardlinesonaSnelleneyechartwithoutahitch.Thescoreisdeterminedbyhowwellyoureadlinesoflettersofdifferentsizesfrom20feetaway.Butbeingabletoreadthebottomlineontheeyechartdoesnotmeanapproximateperfectionasfarasotherspeciesareconcerned.Mostbirdswouldconsiderusveryvisuallyhandicapped.Thehawk,forinstance,hassuchsharpeyesthatitcanspotadimeonthesidewalkwhileperchedontopoftheEmpireStateBuilding.Itcanmakefinevisualdistinctionsbecauseitisblessedwithonemillionconespersquaremillimeterinitsretina（视网膜）.Andinwater,humansarefarsighted,whilethe

kingfisher,swoopingdowntospearfish,canseewellinboththeairandwaterbecauseitisendowedwithtwofoveae（凹窝）areasoftheeye,consistingmostlyofconesthatprovidevisualdistinctions.Onefoveapermitsthebird,whileintheair,toscanthewaterbelowwithoneeyeatatime.Thisiscalledmonocularvision.Onceithitsthewater,theotherfoveajoinsin,allowingthekingfishertofocusbotheyes,likebinoculars,onitspreyatthesametime.Afrog’svisionisdistinguishedbyitsabilitytoperceivethingsasaconstantmotionpicture.Knownas“bugdetectors”,ahighlydevelopedsetofcellsinafrog’seyesrespondsmainlytomovingobjects.So,itissaidthatafrogsittinginafieldofdeadbugswouldn’tseethemasfoodandwouldstarve.

Thebeehasa“compound”eye,whichisusedfornavigation.Ithas15,000facetsthatdividewhatitseesintoapatternofdotsormosaic.Withthiskindofvision,thebeeseesthesunonlyasasingledot,aconstantpointofreference.Thus,theeyeisasuperbnavigationalinstrumentthatconstantlymeasurestheangleofitslineofflightinrelationtothesun.Abee’seyealsogaugesflightspeed.Andifthatisnotenoughtoleaveour20/20“perfectvision”palingintoinsignificance,thebeeiscapableofseeingsomethingwecan’t—ultravioletlight.Thus,whathumansconsidertobe“perfectvision”isinfactratherlimitedwhenwelookatotherspecies.However,thereisstillmuchtobesaidforthehumaneye.Ofallthemammals,onlyhumansandsomeprimatescanenjoythepleasuresofcolorvision.

1.TheSnelleneyechartmeasuresone’seyesightby（）.

2.Howishawk’seyesightbetterthanours?

3.Monocularvisionenablesthekingfisherto（）.

4.Abeefindsitsdirectionby（）.

5.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?

问题1选项

A.TheSnelleneyechartmeasuresone’seyesightbythenumberoflineshereads

B.thedistancehestandsawayfromthechart

C.thespeedatwhichherecognizestheletters

D.severalintegrativefactors

问题2选项

A.Itcanidentifysmallitemsmorequicklythanwedo.

B.Itcanseeatalongerdistancethanwedo.

C.Ithasmoreconesintheretinathanwedo.

D.Ithasbiggereyesthanwedo.

问题3选项

A.avoidfarsightedness

B.beabletoseeunderwater

C.moveoneeyeatatime

D.focusitseyesontheprey

问题4选项

A.dividingwhatitseesintothousandsofdots

B.constantlygaugingitsflyingspeed

C.usingthesunasaconstantpointofreference

D.measuringtheangleofthesun

问题5选项

A.Thedifferencesbetweenhumaneyesandotherspecies’eyes.

B.Theadvantagesofotherspecies’eyesincomparisonwithhumaneyes.

C.Thefactorsthatmakeotherspecies’eyesbetterthanhumaneyes.

D.Thestandardthatdeterminesthe“perfectvision”ofhumaneyes.

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:B

第3题:C

第4题:C

第5题:A

【解析】1.根据题干关键词“Snelleneyechart”定位至第一段：Thehumancriterionforperfectvisionis20/20forreadingthestandardlinesonaSnelleneyechartwithoutahitch.Thescoreisdeterminedbyhowwellyoureadlinesoflettersofdifferentsizesfrom20feetaway（可知，判断人的视力是否完好的标准是在看斯内伦视力表的时候是否能毫无障碍地达到20/20的视力。测试值取决于从20英尺之外，你能看到多少行大小不一的字母）。据此可知，A项为正确答案。

2.根据题干关键词“hawk’seyesight”定位至第一段：Thehawk,forinstance,hassuchsharpeyesthatitcanspotadimeonthesidewalkwhileperchedontopoftheEmpireStateBuilding.Itcanmakefinevisualdistinctionsbecauseitisblessedwithonemillionconespersquaremillimeterinitsretina（视网膜）（鹰的视力非常敏锐，当它在帝国大厦的顶层时，它能看清在人行道上的一角硬币）。据此可知，鹰眼可以从更远的距离看清物体，B项为正确答案。

3.根据题干关键词“Monocularvision”定位至第一段：Onefoveap