2022年ACCA-CAT模拟考试题

2022年ACCA/CAT模拟考试题姓名:年级:学号:题型选择题填空题解答题判断题计算题附加题总分得分评卷人得分(c)SuggestwaysinwhicheachofthesixprobIemschosenin(a)abovemaybeovercome.(6marks)正确答案:(c)Waysinwhicheachoftheproblemsmightbeovercomeareasf〇11ows:□MeetingonIytheIowesttargets-ToovercometheproblemtheremustbesomeadditionaIincentive.ThiscouldbethroughachangeinthebasisofbonusIpaymentwhichcurrentIyonIyprovidesanincentivetoachievethe100,000tonnesofoutput.IUsingmoreresourcesthannecessary-OvercomingtheprobIemmayrequireachangeinthebonussystemwhichcurrentIydoesnotprovidebenefitfromanyloutputinexcessof100,000tonnes.Thismaynotbeperceivedassufficientlyfocusedinordertoachieveaction.ItmayIbethatengenderingacuItureofcontinuousimprovementwouIdheIpensurethatempIoyeesactivelysoughtwaysofHreducingidletimeIeveIs.iMakingthebonus-whateverittakesローItisIikelythateffortstochangethe*workethos,ataIIIeveIsisrequired,whilenotnecessariIyremovingtheconceptof_labonuspayabIetoaIIempIoyeesforachievementoftargets.ThismayrequirethefosteringofacuItureforsuccesswithinOthecompany.DisseminationofinformationtoaIIstaffreIatingtotrendsinperformance,meetingtargets,etcmayheIptoimprovefocusoncontinuousimprovement.」Competingagainstotherdivisions,businessunitsanddepartments-TheprobIemmayneedsomeinputfromthedirectorsofTRG.ForexampIe,couIda'dual-cost'transferpricingsystem_IbeexpIainedtomanagementatboththeBettamouIddivisionandaIsotheDivisionwithsparecapacityinorderto□overcomeresistancetoprobIemsontransferpricinganditsimpactondivisionaIbudgetsandreportedresults?InthisIwayitmaybepossiblefortheBettamouIddivisiontosourcesomeofitsinputmateriaIsatalowercost(particularlyfromロTRG'sviewpoint)andyetbeacceptabletothemanagementatthesupplyingdivision.□EnsuringthatwhatisinthebudgetisspentローInordertoovercometheprobIemitmaybenecessarytoeducatemanagementintoacceptanceofaspectsofbudgetingQsuchastheneedtoconsiderthecommitted,engineeredanddiscretionaryaspectsofcosts.Forexample,itmaybe□possibletoreducethenumberofsalariedstaffinvoIvedinthecurrentquaIitycheckingof25%ofthroughputonadaily□basis.□ProvidinginaccurateforecastsローInordertoovercomethisproblemtheremustbeanintegratedapproachtothebudgetsettingprocess.ThismaybelachievedtosomeextentthroughaIIaspectsofthebudgethavingtobeagreedbyaIIfunctionsinvolved.ForexampIe,□engineersasweIIasproductionIinemanagementinreachingtheagreedIinkbetweenpercentageprocesslossesandIthefallingefficiencyofmachineryduetoage.Inaddition,TRCmayinsistanindependentauditofaspectsofbudget□revisionsbygroupstaff.IMeetingthetargetbutnotbeatingit□-ToovercometheprobIemmayrequirethatthebonussystemshouldbealteredtorefIectanyfaiIuretocontrolcostsper[tonneatthebudgetlevel.□Avoidingrisks□-InordertoovercomesuchprobIems,TRCwouIdhavetoprovidesomeguaranteestoBettamouIdmanagementthatthe□supplywouldbeavaiIableduringthebudgetperiodattheinitiallyagreedpriceandthatthequaIitywouIdbemaintained」attherequiredIeveI.ThiswouIdremovetheriskeIementthatthemanagementoftheBettamouIddivisionmayconsider□currentlyexists.(b)Motivators.(7marks)正确答案:(b)Motivators(or'satisfiers')arethosefactorsdirectIyconcernedwiththesatisfactiongainedfromthejobitseIf.Herzberg□suggestedthattheseincIudedasenseofachievement,theIeveIofrecognitionoftheempIoyee,theintrinsicvaIuefeltattheOjobitseIf,IeveIofresponsibiIity,opportunitiesforadvancementandthestatusbothinsideandoutsideprovidedbythejoborHpositionheld.□MotivatorsIeadtosatisfactionbecauseoftheneedforgrowthandasenseofseIfachievement_|AIackofmotivatorsIeadstooverconcentrationonhygienefactors;thatisthosenegativefactorswhichcanbeseenandHthereforeform,thebasisofcomptaintandconcern.3、(iii)cheese.(4marks)正确答案:(iii)Cheeseロ・ExaminethetermsofsalestoAbingdonBank-confirmthebank'slegaItitle(e.g.ifGVFweretoceasetotrade□andsocouIdnotexercisebuy-backoption).□■ObtainadirectconfirmationfromthebankofthecostofinventorysoIdbyGVFtoAbingdonBankandtheamountIIre-purchasedasat30September2005(thenetamountbeingtheoutstandingIoan).[1•Inspectthecheeseasat30September2005(e.g.duringthephysicaIinventorycount)payingparticuIarattentionItothefactorswhichindicatetheage(andstrength)ofthecheese(e.g.itslocationorphysicalappearance).IHObservehowthecheeseisstored-ifonsteeIsheIvesdiscusswithGVF'smanagementwhetheritsnetreaIisabIeDvaIuehasbeenreducedbeIowcost.IHTestcheck,onasampIebasis,thecostingrecordssupportingthecostofbatchesofcheese.I■ConfirmthatthecostofinventorysoldtothebankisincIudedininventoryasat30September2005andthe□natureofthebanksecurityadequateIydisclosed.」•AgreetherepurchaseofcheesewhichhasreachedmaturityatcostpIus7%persixmonthstopurchaseinvoices(orequivalentcontracts)andcashbookpayments.HTestcheckGVF'sinventory-ageingrecordstoproductionrecords.Confirmthecarryingamountofinventoryasat30September2005thatwiIInotbesoIduntiIafter30September2006,andagreetotheamountdisclosedin□thenotestoinventoryasa'non-current'portion.4、(c)(i)ComputeGloria'scapitaIgainstaxliabilityfor2006/07ignoringanycIaimsorelectionsavaitabletoreducetheIiabiIity.(3marks)正确答案:Capitalgainstaxliabilityfor2006/07Gainonpainting 7.100less.Capitallossesbroughtforward(Note) (7.100)Indexedgainbeforetaperrelief 一Gainonshop(£335.000-£267.000) 68,000£fss.Remainderofcapitallossesbroughtforward (24.300)43,700BusinessassetownedforoneyearGainaftertaperrelief(£43.700x50%) 21.850Less.Annualexemption (8.500)13.350Capitalgainstaxat40% 5.340Note：Thecapitallossesbroughtforwardareoffsetagainstthepaintinginpriorityiotheshop,asthereKnotaperreliefavailableinrespectofthepainting.□5、2Whichofthefollowingarecorrect?ThebaIancesheetvaIueofinventoryshouIdbeascIoseaspossibIetonetreaIisabIevaIue.ThevaIuationoffinishedgoodsinventorymustincIudeproductionoverheads.ProductionoverheadsincludedinvaluinginventoryshouldbecaIcuIatedbyreferencetothecompany*snormaIIeveIofproductionduringtheperiod.InassessingnetrealisabIevaIue,inventoryiternsmustbeconsideredseparateIy,oringroupsofsimiIariterns,notbytakingtheinventoryvaIueasawhoIe.A 1 and 2 onlyB 3 and 4 onlyC 1 and 3 onlyD 2, 3and4正确答案:D6、2(a)Explaintheterm*backfIushaccounting'andthecircumstancesinwhichitsusewouIdbeappropriate.(6marks)正确答案:(a)BackfIushaccountingfocusesuponoutputofanorganisationandthenworksbackwardswhenallocatingcostsbetweencost□ofgoodssoldandinventories.ItcanbearguedthatbackflushaccountingsimpIifiescostingsineeitignoresbothIabour□variancesandwork-in-progress.Whi1stinaperfectjust-in-timeenvironmenttherewouIdbenowork-in-progressatall,there□wiIIinpracticebeasmaIIamountofwork-in-progressinthesystematanypointintime.Thisamount,however,islikelyto□benegIigibleinquantityandthereforenotsignificantintermsofvaIue.Thus,abackfIushaccountingsystemsimpIifiesthe(accountingrecordsbyavoidingtheneedtofolIowthemovementofmateriaIsandwork-in-progressthroughthemanufacturingHprocesswithintheorganisation.□ThebackfIushaccountingsystemislikelytoinvoIvethemaintenanceofarawmateriaIsandwork-in-progressaccountHtogetherwithafinishedgoodsaccount.TheuseofstandardcostsandvariancesisIikeIytobeincorporatedintotheコaccountingentries.TransfersfromrawmateriaIsandwork-in-progressaccounttofinishedgoods(orcostofsales)willprobablyロbemadeatstandardcost.ThedifferencebetweentheactuaIinputsandthestandardchargesfromtherawmateriaIsand□work-in-progressaccountwiIIberecordedasaresiduaIvariance,whichwillberecordedintheprofitandlossaccount.Thus,□itisessentialthatstandardcostsareagoodsurrogateforactuaIcostsifIargevariancesaretobeavoided.BackfIush(accountingisideaIlysuitedtoajust-in-timephilosophyandisempIoyedwheretheoveraIIcycletimeisrelativelyshortandIinventorylevelsarelow.NaturaIIy,managementwiIIstillbeeagertoascertainthecauseofanyvariancesthatarisefromtheIinefficientusageofmateriaIs,labourandoverhead.HoweverinvestigationsarefarmoreIikelytobeundertakenusingnonfinancial(performanceindicatorsasopposedtodetailedcostvariances.7、(c)WhatchangestoChurchiII*sexistingmarketingmixwillbeneededtoachievethethreestrategicgoaIs?(15marks)正确答案:(c)EachofthestrategicgoaIswiIIhaveaprofoundimpactonthemarketingmixasitcurrentlyexists.AseachgoaIaffectsthe□marketpositionofChurchiIIdevelopinganappropriatemarketingmixwillbethekeytosuccessfuIimpIementationofthe_loveraIIgrowthstrategy.Theproduct,thebrandandthereputationitcreatesareattheheartofthecompany1smarketing□strategy.TheirfocusonthepremiurnsegmentofthemarketseemsasensibIeoneandonewhichaIIowsasmaIIfamiIy-owned□businesstosurviveandgrowslowly.EvidencesuggeststhisisaluxuryinduIgencemarketreflectingchangingconsumertastes」andIifestyIes.ManagingtheproductrangewiIIbeamajormarketingactivity.WhilethecoreproductsmaydevelopanaImost□timelessquaIitytherewiIIbeaneedtorespondtotheproductinnovationsintroducedbyitsmuchlargercompetitors.The□company1semphasisonthequaIityofitsproductsresu11ingfromthequaIityofitsingredientsisattheheartofitscompetitive(advantage.GrowingtheproductrangewiIIalsobringthedangerofunderperformingproductsandaconsequentneedtoIdivestsuchproducts.Packagingislikelytobeakeypartoftheproducts,appeaIandwiIIbeanareawhereconstantinnovation□isimportant.コPricingraisesanumberofissues.WhyisChurchiIIJscoreproductpricedat£1Iessthanitsimmediatecompetition?Whatis□thebasisonwhichChurchiIIpricesthisproduct?Eachofthemethodsofpricinghasitsadvantagesanddisadvantages.Using□costpIusmaycreateanillusionofsecurityinthataIIcostsarecovered,butatthesametimeraisesissuesastowhether□relevantcostshavebeenincIudedandallocated.ShouldthecompanypriceinanticipationofcostreductionsasvoIume□increases?ShouIdthebasisforpricingbewhatyourcompetitorsarecharging?AsaIuxuryproductonewouldassumethatIitsdemandisrelativelypriceineIastic:asignificantincreaseinpricee.g.£1wouldleadtoonlyasmaIIreductioninquantity(demanded.Certainly,profitmarginswouIdbeenhancedtoheIpprovidethefinanciaIresourcesthecompanyneedsifitisto(grow.Oneinterestingissueonpricingistheextenttowhichitispursuingapriceskimmingorpricepenetrationpolicy-levidencefromthescenariosuggestsmoreofapriceskimmingpolicyinIinewiththeluxurynatureoftheproduct.□]PlaceisanequaIIyimportantissue-theverticaIintegrationstrategyofthecompanyhasIedtocompany-ownedshopsbeing1themainwaycustomerscanbuytheproduct.Atthesametime,thisdistributionstrategyhasIedtoChurchill1ssaIesbeing□largeIyconfinedtooneregionintheUK-aIthoughitisthemostpopuIous.IfChurchiIIhasadesiretogrow,doesitdothisdthroughexpandingthenumberofcompanyownedandfranchisedoutIetsorIookforotherchanneIsofdistributionin,particulartheincreasingIydominantsupermarketchains?EachdistributionstrategywiIIhavesignificantimpIicationsforother□elementsinthemarketingmixandfortheresourcesandcapabiIitiesrequiredinthecompany.2HFinaIIy,promotionisaninterestingissueforthecompany.TherelativelyrecentappointmentofasaIesandmarketingdirector2]perhapsrefIectsaneedtobaIancethepreviousdominanceofthemanufacturingsideofthebusiness.Certainlythereis□evidencetosuggestthatJohnChurchiIIisnotconvineedoftheneedtoadvertise.TherearesomereaIconcernsabouthow□thebrandisdevelopedandpromoted.Certainlysponsorshipisnowseenasakeypartofthefirm'spromotionaIstrategy.The(companyhasagoodreputationbutcustomeraccesstotheproductisfairlyIimited.OveraIIthereisscopeforthecompany□tocriticalIyreviewitsmarketingmixandimpIementaverydifferentmixifitwantstogrow.□ThefourPsaboveareverymuchthe'hard'eIementsinthemarketingmixandChurchiIIinitsdesiretogrowwiIIneedtoensurethatthe'softer'eIementsofpeopIetphysicaIevidenceandprocessesareaIignedtoitsambitiousstrategy.8、(b)TheCEOofOceaniaNationalAirways(ONA)hasalreadystronglyrejectedthere-positioningofONAasa'nofrills,Iow-costbudgetairline.(i)Explainthekeyfeaturesofa'nofrills1Iow-coststrategy.(4marks)正确答案:(b)(i)A'nofrills,strategycombineslowpricewithlowperceivedbenefitsoftheproductorservice.ItisprimariIyassociatedIwithcommoditygoodsandserviceswherecustomersdonotdiscernorvaIuedifferencesintheproductsorservices(offeredbycompetingsuppIiers.InsomecircumstancesthecustomercannotaffordthebetterquaIityproductorservicelofaparticularsupplier.'Nofrills'strategiesareparticularlyattractiveinprice-sensitivemarkets.WithintheairIinesector,□theterm*nofriIIs'isassociatedwithalowcostpricingstrategy.InEurope,atthetimeofwriting,easyJetandRyanairlarethetwodominant'nofriIIs'Iow-costbudgetairIines.InAsia,AirAsiaandTigerAirwaysareexampIesof'nofriIIs'Iowcost(budgetcarriers.'NofriIIs'strategiesusuallyexistinmarketswherebuyershavehighpowercoupIedwithlowswitchingcostsandsothereisIittIebrandIoyaIty.11isaIsoprevaIentinmarketswheretherearefewproviderswithsimilarmarketshares.Asaresu11ofthisthecoststructureofeachproviderissimiIarandnewproductandserviceinitiativesarequicklycopied.Finallya'nofriIIs'strategymightbepursuedbyacompanyenteringthemarket,usingthisasastrategytogainmarketsharebeforeprogressingtoaIternativestrategies.9、(b)ExplaininthecontextofFIavoursFineFoods,whatismeantby:(i)responsibiIity;(4marks)正确答案:(b)(i)RESPONSIBILITYistheliabilityofapersontobecalledtoaccountfortheiractionsandresuIts,andisthereforeanobIigationtotakesomeactiontodischargethatresponsibiIity.Uniikeauthority,responsibiIitycannotbedelegated.Thereishoweversomediscussionontheextenttowhichthisstatementistrue:theideathatresponsibiIitycannotbedeIegatedistoosimpIistic.AnytaskcontainsaneIementofresponsibiIity.ItistheideaofaccountabiIityandthedirectionofresponsibiIitythatistherelevantconceptandistheproblematFIavoursFineFoods;ultimateresponsibiIityresideswiththeowners.ItisseIfevidentthatitisimpossibletoexerciseauthoritywithoutresponsibiIitybecausethiscouIdIeadtoprobIemsofcontroIandthereforeundesirabIeoutcomesfortheorganisation.However,thesuperior(theowner)isaIwaysu11imateIyresponsibIefortheactionsofhisorhersubordinates.ThekeyeIernenthereistherecognitionofdiscretionbyvirtueoftheperson'sposition.ThisunderIinesthedoctrineofabsoIuteresponsibiIity;thesuperiorisaIwaysuItimateIyaccountabIe.□10、(b)ExplaintheroIesofanominationscommitteeandassessthepotentiaIusefuInessofanominationscommitteetotheboardofRoshandCompany.(8marks)正确答案:(b)Nominationscommittees□GeneraIroIesofanominationscommittee.Itadvisesonthebalancebetweenexecutivesandindependentnon-executivedirectorsandestabIishestheappropriateIInumberandtypeofNEDsontheboard.ThenominationscommitteeisusuaIIymadeupofNEDs.IIItestabIishestheskills,knowledgeandexperiencepossessedbycurrentboardandnotesanygapsthatwiIIneedtobefiIled.LiltactstomeettheneedsforcontinuityandsuccessionpIanning,especiaIIyamongthemostseniormembersoftheboard.itestabIishesthedesirabIeandoptimaIsizeoftheboard,bearinginmindthecurrentsizeandcomplexityofexistingandIpIannedactivitiesandstrategies.ロ11seekstoensurethattheboardisbalancedintermsofithavingboardmembersfromadiversityofbackgroundssoastoreflectitsmainconstituenciesandensureafIowofnewideasandthescrutinyofexistingstrategies.InthecaseofRosh,theneedsthatanominationscommitteecouIdaddressare:TorecommendhowmanydirectorswouIdbeneededtorunthebusinessandpIanforrecruitmentaccordingIy.TheperceivedsimilarityofskillsandinterestsofexistingdirectorsisaIsoIikeIytobeanissue.ToresoIvetheissuesovernumbersofNEDs.ItseemsIikeIythatthecurrentnumberisinadequateandwouldputRoshina□positionofnon-compIiancewithmanyofthecorporategovernanceguide!inespertainingtoNEDs._|ToresoIvetheissuesovertheindependenceofNEDs.ThecIosenessthattheNEDshavetoexistingexecutiveboardmembers」potentiaIIyunderminestheirindependenceandanominationscommitteeshouIdbeabIetoidentifythisasanissueandmakerecommendationstorectifyit.□Tomakerecommendationsoverthesuccessionofthechairmanship.ItmaynotbeintheinterestsofRoshforfamilymembers□toalwaysoccupyseniorpositionsinthebusiness.11、(b)Explaintheadvantagesandthedisadvantagesof:(i)thefacetofaceinterviewbetweentwopeople;(6marks)正确答案:(b)(i)Thefacetofaceinterviewisthemostcommonform,ofinterview.Inthissituationthecandidateisinterviewedbyasinglerepresentativeoftheemptoyingorganisation.□TheadvantagesofsuchinterviewsarethattheyestabIishanunderstandingbetweentheparticipants,arecosteffectivefortheorganisation(onIyonememberoftheorganisation1sstaffisinvolved)and,becauseofthemorepersonaInature,ensurethatcandidatesfeelcomfortabIe.□ThedisadvantagesarethattheseIectioninterviewreIiesontheviewsandimpressionofasingIeinterviewerthatcanbebothsubjectiveandbiased.IsituationwhereCindyretainsboththepropertyandtheshares.IdentifyanyothertaximpIicationsarisingfromyourrecommendation.YouranswershouldconsideraIIrelevanttaxes.(3marks)正确答案:AnnualincometaxsavingandotherissuesAnnualincomelaxsavingIfCindyownsalloftheinheritedassetstheadditionalincometaxisasfoll(MS£laxonpropertyincome(see(i)) 5.640Taxondividendincome(see(i)) 2,7678.407ThetaxsavedfollowingthegiftofthequotedsharestoArthuris£2.541(£8.407-£5.866).OtherissuesTransfersbetweenspousestakeplaceatnogain,nolossforthepurposesc(capitalgainstax.AnhufsbasecostinihequotedshareswillequalCindy*sbasecostof£305,000Therearenoinheritancetaximplicationsduetotheexemptionfortransfersbetweenspouses.Therearenostampdutiesongifts.□□13、(b)ExplainMintzberg,sfiveorganisationaIcomponents.(10marks)正确答案:(b)ThestrategicapexisthehighestIeveIoftheorgani/r/