2017-2018学年上海市静安区市北高级中学高三12月份英语月考试卷

-2018学年第一学期高三年级12月份月考试卷Part1Listening（第一部分听力）Part2Vocabularyandgrammar(第二部分词汇和语法)SectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.PuertoRico(CNN)TheUSgovernmentsaysit(1)(commit)tohelpingPuertoRicobutisfacedwithchallengingcircumstances,includingsomeroadsthatarenarrow,muddiedandimpassableforlargeaid-deliveryvehicles.Therealsoarepre-existingproblemswithpowerandwatersystems.PuertoRicois“anislandsittinginthemiddleofanocean…averybigocean,”asPresidentDonaldTrumpsaidonSeptember26,(2)(make)HurricaneMariamoredistantthantwootherrecentstormsthathittheUSmainland,HurricanesHarveyandIrma.Muchoftheislandfeels(3)itwerehitbyastormyesterday,notonemonthago.Mountainsarecoveredinbranchlesstrees,(4)(stick)inthedirtlikethewalkingsticksofgiants.Powerlinesaretangled(缠结)aboutlikespaghettidroppedfromthesky.Sheetmetalfromroofsandfencing(5)(turn)intofloppystripsofchewinggum,scatteredonthehills.Notonly(6)(be)peoplesuchasSostreexposedtotheelements,butsuppliesofcleandrinkingwaterareinadequateandenvironmentalhealthexpertsfearapublichealthemergency(7)bebrewing(酝酿).OnTuesday,theFederalEmergencyManagementAgency,orFEMA,saidithad1,700personneldeployedinPuertoRicoandtheUSVirginIslands,(8)alsowerehitbyHurricaneMaria.Yetnearly2,600FEMAstaff一about900more一remaindeployedtoHurricaneHarvey,nearlytwomonthsafterthatstormhittheGulfCoastofthemainlandUnitedStates.“Thepointis(9)numbersdonotsaveorimprovelives,butmissionsandprogressdo,forexample,(Texas)mayneedmorepeopletosupportthepowersystem.”FEMAsaidinanemailedstatement.Othersseeitdifferently.“Ithoughtwe'dlearnedourlessonafter(Hurricane)Katrinawheretheresponsewasawful,bothcarelesslyslowandincompetent,”saidJohnMutter,aprofessoratColumbiaUniversityandanexpertininternationaldisasterrelief.“InPuertoRico,itdoesn'tlooklikewe'velearned(10)atall.”【答案】1．iscommitted;2.making;3.asif;4.stuck;5.hasbeenturned;are;7.should;8.which;9.that;10.anything【分析】考察时态语态。和主句的says保持时态一致，应是一般现在时，再由句意可知，政府致力于帮助…，因此，答案应为iscommitted.考察非谓语动词。原句相当于非限定性定语从句，make和逻辑主语之间主动关系，因此答案是making。考察状语从句连词。从句意可知岛屿好像被风暴袭击了一般，故填asif。考察非谓语。stuckin陷入，固定搭配。考察时态语态。考察倒装和主谓一致。notonly后的倒装句中主语是people，故谓语动词用are。考察情态动词与虚拟语气。fear后宾语从句要用虚拟语气，故填should。考察定语从句的关系词。非限定性定从，故用which。考察表语从句连接词。从句部分不缺成分，故填that。考察代词。根据句意是我们什么都没学到，因此填anything。SectionBDirections:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce,notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.associatedB.relaxationC.outlookD.urgedE.harmonyF.motivatedG.exaggeratingH.contraryI.trackJ.equivalentK.convincedIn1865TheGreatLandscapearchitectFrederickLawOlmstedlookedoutovertheYosemiteValleyandsawaplaceworthsaving.He（1）theCalifornialegislaturetoprotectitfromcrazydevelopment.OlmstedhadalreadydesignedCentralParkCity;hew（as2）thatbeautifulgreenspacesshouldexistforallpeopletoenjoy.“Itisascientificfact,”hewrote,“thattheoccasionalobservationofnaturalsceneofanimpressivecharacter...isfavorabletothehealthandvigorofmenandespeciallytothehealthandvigoroftheirintellect.”Olmstedwas（3）;hisclaimwasbasedlessonsciencethanonintuition.Butitwasintuitionwithalonghistory.ItwentbackatleasttoCyrustheGreat,whosome2500yearsagobuiltgardensfor（4）inthebusycapitalofPersia.Paracelsus,the16thcenturyGerman-Swissphysician,gavevoicetothatsameintuitionwhenhewrote,“thatartofhealingcomesfromnature,notfromthephysician.”In1798,sittingonthebanksoftheRiverWye,WilliamWordsworthmarveledathow“aneyemadequietbythepowerof（5）”offeredrelieffrom“thefeveroftheworld”.AmericanwriterssuchasRalphWaldoEmersonandJohnMuirinheritedthat（6）.alongwithOlmsted,theybuiltthespiritualandemotionalcaseforcreatingtheworld'sfirstnationalparksbyclaimingthatnaturehadhealingpowers.Therewasn'tmuchevidencethen—butthereisnow:（7）bylarge-scalepublichealthproblemssuchasobesity,depression,andpersuasivenearsightedness,allclearl（y8）withtimespentindoors,Strayerandotherscientistsarelookingwithrenewedinterestathownatureaffectsourbrainsandbodies.InEnglandresearchersfromtheUniversityofExeterMedicalSchoolrecentlyanalyzedmentalhealthdatafrom10000citydwellersandusedhighresolutionmappingt（o9）wherethesubjectshadlivedover18years.Theyfoundthatpeoplelivingnearmoregreenspacereportedlessmentaldistress,evenafteradjustingforincome,education,andemployment(allofwhicharealsocorrelatedwithhealth).In2016aninternationalteamoverlaidhealthquestionnaireresponsesfrommorethan31000Torontoresidentsontoamapofthecity,blockbyblock.Thoselivingonblockswithmoretreesshowedaboostinheartandmetabolichealth(10)towhatonewouldexperiencefroma$20000gaininincome.Lowermortalityandfewerstresshormonescirculatinginthebloodhavealsobeenconnectedtolivingclosetogreenspace.【答案】DKGBECFAIH【分析】urgedv.敦促；要求urgesb.Todosth.要求某人做某事cconvincedv.beconvincedthat...深信，结合句意，应该是“他深信美丽的绿色空间应由所有人共享”exaggeratingadj.过份夸大的，夸张的，结合后句“hisclaimwasbasedlessonsciencethanonintuition.Butitwasintuitionwithalonghistory”可知，应是否定意义的词，因此，选G。relaxationn.消遣；娱乐词性名词，再由后句“thatartofhealingcomesftomnature'可知，应是B.harmonyn.和谐从文章看，应填名词，由后句的“offeredrelief'可知，应是harmony。outlookn.观点；前景inheritedthatoutlook继承了前人的观点，因此，填outlook。motivatedv.鼓励：激发从文章看，应该是v-ed形式，又是后半句的原因状语，因此，应是motivated。beassociatedwith固定搭配，所有这些都是和室内活动紧密相关的trackv.跟踪从位置看，应填动词原形，从句意看，应是用高分辨率的地图去跟踪这些实验对象过去18年去过哪些地方，因此填track。contraryto和.相反；和.形成鲜明对比从句意看，住在绿化好的地方的人更健康，而那些工资高2000块的人则相反III.ReadingComprehensionSectionA15%Directions:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.walkingwhiletextingcouldleadtofinesofuptofinesofupto$50or15days'imprisonmentasstatelawmakerwarnsofthedangersof“distractedwalking“.JaredSchumacherisoneofhundredsofthousandsofNewJerseyanswho(1)useelectronicdevicestotext,listentomusicordoothertasksastheywalkoutdoors.Ifa"distractedwalking"measurerecentlyproposedbyastateassemblywomaneventuallybecomeslaw,theTrentonmanandotherslikehimcouldbefacing(2)orevenjailtime."IadmitthatI'musuallylisteningtomusic,talkingonmyphoneortextingwhileI'mwalkingaround,"the20-year-oldsaidwhile(3)toatextashewalkedalongastreetinthestatecapitallastweekend.Expertssaydistractedwalkingisagrowing(4),aspeopleofallagesbecomemore(5)onelectronicdevicesforpersonalandprofessionalmatters.Theyalsonotepedestriandeathshavebeen(6)inrecentyears.In2005,11%ofallUSfatalitiesinvolvedpedestrians,butthatnumberroseto15%in2014.Theriseindeathscoincideswithstates(7)billsthattargetpedestriansandbicyclists.Forinstance,abillpendinginHawaiiwouldfinesomeone$250ifheorsheweretocrossthestreetwhile(8)anelectronicdevice.SimilarbillshavefailedinstatesincludingArkansas,Illinois,NevadaandNewYork.“Thusfar,nostateshaveenactedalaw(9)targetingdistractedbicyclistsorpedestrians,”saidDouglasShingle,transportationprogramdirectorfortheNationalConferenceofStateLegislatures.Butheaddedthat“afewstates(10)tointroducelegislationeveryyear”ThemeasurerecentlyintroducedbyNewJerseyAssemblywomanPamelaLampittwould(11)walkingwhiletextingandbarpedestriansonpublicroadsfromusingelectroniccommunicationdevicesunlesstheyarehands-(12).Lawbreakerswouldfacefinesofupto$50,15daysimprisonmentorboth,whichisthesamepunishmentasjaywalking.Halfofthefinewouldbedistributedtosafetyeducationaboutthe(13)ofwalkingandtexting,saidLampitt,aDemocrat.Someseetheproposalasa(n)(14)governmentoverreach,whileotherssaytheyunderstandLampitt'sreasoning.Butmostagreethatpeopleneedtobemade(15)oftheissue.1.A.naughtilyB.fashionablyC.routinelyD.rarely2.A.oppositionB.crueltyC.finesD.struggle3.A.turningB.committingC.shiftingD.responding4.A.problemB.tragedyC.passionD.key5.A.matureB.dependentC.troublesomeD.active6.A.enhancingB.arousingC.risingD.declining7.A.payingB.denyingC.votingD.introducing&A.operatingB.textingC.adoptingD.installing9.A.understandablyB.speciallyC.permissivelyD.fiercely10.A.continueB.hateC.refuseD.return11.A.promoteB.banC.dismissD.reject12.A.fullB.flexibleC.wideD.free13.A.shortcomingsB.desiresC.dangersD.opportunities14.A.unnecessaryB.properC.advancedD.shameful15.A.awareB.wiseC.noticeableD.knowledgeable【答案】:1-5CCDAB6-10CDABA11-15BDCAA【分析】1.考察副词，根据句意理解应该是指常规的。2.考察名词，根据单词的意思是表示罚款。3.考察固定搭配词组，根据句意理解表示回复短信的意思。4.考察名词，根据句意理解应该是说不专心走路已经成为了一个社会问题。考察固定搭配，根据句意理解应该是表示大家越来越依赖手机。考察动词，根据文章后面的提示数字，应该是指上升的意思。考察动词，根据句意理解应该是问题的出现引入了议案。考察动词，根据句意理解应该是玩手机的意思。考察副词，根据句意理解应该是特别针对不专心走路的制订的议案。考察动词，根据句意理解应该是继续会引入新的法律。考察动词，根据句意理解应该是阻止。考察形容词，根据句意理解应该是说除非他们没事干。考察名词，根据句意理解应该是指危险。考察形容词，根据句意理解应该是和后面构成对比。考察形容词，根据句意理解应该是意识到。SectionB(22％)。Directions:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquetionsorunfinishedstatements.Foreachofthequestion,therearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.choosetheonethatfirsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.(A)France,whichpridesitselfastheglobalinnovatoroffashion,hasdecideditsfashionindustryhaslostanabsoluterighttodefinephysicalbeautyforwomen.Itslawmakersgavepreliminaryapprovallastweektoalawthatwouldmakeitacrimetoemployultra-thinmodelsonrunways.Theparliamentalsoagreedtobanwebsitesthat“inciteexcessivethinness”bypromotingextremedieting.Suchmeasureshaveacoupleofupliftingmotives.Theysuggestbeautyshouldnotbedefinedbylooksthatendupimpingingonhealth.That'sastart.Andthebanonultra-thinmodelsseemstogobeyondprotectingmodelsfromstarvingthemselvestodeath-assomehavedone.Ittellsthefashionindustrythatitmusttakeresponsibilityforthesignalitsendswomen,especiallyteenagegirls,aboutthesocialtape-measuretheymustusetodeterminetheirindividualworth.Thebans,iffullyenforced,wouldsuggesttowomen(andmanymen)thattheyshouldnotletothersbearbitersoftheirbeauty.Andperhapsfaintly,theyhintthatpeopleshouldlooktointangiblequalitieslikecharacterandintellectratherthandietingtheirwaytosizezeroorwasp-waistphysiques.TheFrenchmeasures,however,relytoomuchonseverepunishmenttochangeaculturethatstillregardsbeautyasskin-deep-andbone-showing.Underthelaw,usingafashionmodelthatdoesnotmeetagovernment-definedindexofbodymasscouldresultina$85,000fineandsixmonthsinprison.Thefashionindustryknowsithasaninherentprobleminfocusingonmaterialadornmentandidealizedbodytypes.InDenmark,theUnitedStates,andafewothercountries,itistryingtosetvoluntarystandardsformodelsandfashionimagesthatrelymoreonpeerpressureforenforcement.IncontrasttoFrance'sactions,Denmark'sfashionindustryagreedlastmonthonrulesandsanctionsregardingtheage,health,andothercharacteristicsofmodels.ThenewlyrevisedDanishFashionEthicalCharterclearlystates:“Weareawareofandtakeresponsibilityfortheimpactthefashionindustryhasonbodyideals,especiallyonyoungpeople”.Thecharter'smaintoolofenforcementistodenyaccessfordesignersandmodelingagenciestoCopenhagenFashionWeek(CFW),whichisrunbytheDanishFashionInstitute.Butingeneral,itreliesonaname-and-shamemethodofcompliance.Relyingonethicalpersuasionratherthanlawtoaddressthemisuseofbodyidealsmaybethebeststep.Evenbetterwouldbetohelpelevatenotionsofbeautybeyondthematerialstandardsofaparticularindustry.Accordingtothefirstparagraph，whatwouldhappeninFrance?Physicalbeautywouldberedefined.Newrunwayswouldbeconstructed.Websitesaboutdietingwouldthrive.Thefashionindustrywoulddecline.Thephrase“impingingon”(Line2，Para.2)isclosestinmeaningtohighlightingthevalueofindicatingthestateoflosingfaithindoingharmtoAdesignerismostlikelytoberejectedbyCFWforpursuingperfectphysicalconditionscaringtoomuchaboutmodel'scharacter.C.showinglittleconcernforhealthfactorsD.settingahighagethresholdformodels.Whichofthefollowingmaybethebesttitleofthetext?AChallengetotheFashionIndustry'sBodyIdealsADilemmafortheStarvingmodelsinFranceJustAnotherRoundofStruggleforBeautyTheGreatThreatstotheFashionIndustry【答案】ADCA【分析】这是一道细节题，根据France定位到第一段第一句，主干成分为Francehaslostanabsoluterighttodefinephysicalbeauty。此外第二段第二句Theysuggestbeautyshouldnotbedefinebylooks…故而Aphysicalbeautywouldberedefined为同义替换，即为正确答案。2.此题为词义题。定位到第二段第二句Theysuggestbeautyshouldnotbedefinedbylooksthatendupimpingingonhealth.根据endup可以看出beautyshouldnotbedefinedbylooks和thatendupimpingingonhealth为顺承关系，所以“改变人们对美不仅仅是外表的定义”可以结束对健康的危害。故而可以推知doingharmto是正确答案。3.细节题。一个设计师很可能因为什么原因被CFW拒绝，根据关键词可回到文中定位至倒数第二段，首句说丹麦的时尚界就有关模特的年龄，健康及其他特性的内容达成一致意见，切一项新法案也明确规定，他们已经意识到时尚界对于人们尤其是年轻人的身体健康所带来的影响，并且该对此负责，接着下一句就说，这一法规的执行方式就是拒绝一些设计师，因为可以推断设计师很可能因为不考虑身体健康因素而被CFW拒绝。4．主旨题。本文从首段就开始阐述法国的观点，即时尚界已经失去了定义女性身体之美的权利，且议会也禁止网站通过宣传过度节食来强调过度消瘦。二段继续说明美丽不能只看外表更不能以牺牲健康为代价。三段说女性不该让他人来评判自己的美丽。以及后面的段落中也一直在不断说明一点，即健康很重要，不能只看外表。所以文章最佳标题应该是D,对时尚界完美身材的质疑(B)HowtoMakeYourResolutionStickYouknowtheoldgoal-settingproverb:Don'tbiteoffmorethanyoucanchew(especiallyifyourgoalistoloseweight.)Butifthatwereallittook,you'dhavenailedlastyear'splan—andtheyearbeforelast's.Newresearchisrefiningtheartofgoal-setting,offeringsomefresher,lessobviousinsighttomake2018theyearyoufinallydoit.•StartnowTheturnofanotheryeartricksusintoseeingthepicture,ourslateswipedclean(往事一笔勾销).Takeadvantageofit.PeoplecommittotheirgoalsmorefiercelyafteramajorbenchmarklikeNewYear'sDay.Missedthe1st?WaitforaMonday.It'sthemostpopulardayoftheweekforstartingdietsandstoppingsmoking,studiesshow.•MakeaplanHow'sthisforaterribleirony:themoreyouwantyourgoal,thelessyou'relikelytoplanforit,accordingtoaforthcomingpaperinthejournalBehavioralScienceandPolicy.That'sbecausewetendtothinkgoodintentionsareenough,butanactualplanpreventsprocrastination(拖延).Peoplewithplanssticktotheirgoalswaymoreoftenthanthosewhowingit.•Butdon'thaveabackupplanBackupplansbackfirebyzappingyourdesiretochaseyourmaingoal.Inaseriesofnewstudies,peoplewhoweretoldtothinkupaPlanBwerelesslikelytoattaintheirmainobjective.Researcherssuspectthathavingbackupgoalsmaymakefailurefeelsomehowmoreacceptable.•RaisethestakesIna2008study,themosteffectiveweight-lossplanwasoneinwhichpeoplehadtoforkovercashiftheydidn'tmeettheirgoal.After16weeks,thosewithfinancialincentiveslost6KGmorethanthosewhojustweighedin.TryitatstickK.com,asitedesignedbybehavioraleconomistswhowillgladlydonateyourcashtoarecipientofyourchoiceifyoufail.•ChopitupYouknowhowgooditfeelstotickoffanitemfromyourto-dolist.Putthattoworkbyhackingamassivegoal(reading24booksayear,forexample)intoparts(twopermonth).It'smoregratifyingthanworkingawayatonebiggoal,saysGeorgeWu,professorattheUniversityofChicago'sBoothSchoolofBusiness.•ConserveyourwillpowerThinkofwillpowerasyourgreatestnaturalresource,butknowthatit'salsoafiniteone,someexpertssay.Everytimeyouengageyourwillpowerforonetask—sayingnotoaglassofwine,passingupthefreecookiesatwork—youhavelesstoresistothertemptations.Sincewillpoweristhesecretingredienttomeetingyourgoals,useitwisely.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?Theturnofayearprovesanineffectivetimeforaplan.Backupplansmakefailuremoreunacceptable.Financialincentivesdogoodtomeetinggoal.Willpowerisyourlimitlesssecretingredienttomeetinggoals.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“zap”probablymean?arouseB.kindleC.satisfyD.killWhatisthepassagemainlyconcernedwith?Understandingthesignificanceofgoal-setting.Refiningtheartofgoal-setting.Howtomakeanattainableplanandcarryitout.Explainingtheoldgoal-settingproverb.【答案】BDC【分析】根据"Raisethestake"那一部分，"themosteffectiveweight-lossplanwasoneinwhichpeoplehadtoforkovercashiftheydidn'tmeettheirgoal.After16weeks,thosewithfinancialincentiveslost6KGmorethanthosewhojustweighedin"可知经济刺激有助于目标达成。根据"Butdon'thaveabackupplan"那一部分，可以backupplan是不好的，因此他会使你没有欲望与完成目标，所以选kill,而且后面也说"Inaseriesofnewstudies,peoplewhoweretoldtothinkupaPlanBwerelesslikelytoattaintheirmainobjective."根据文章各个小标题，都是祈使句，可知是让你去做一件事，因此选C。(C)TheMacArthurFoundationlatelastmonthannounceditslatestcropof“geniusgrants”,andonceagainyouthoughtmaybe,justmaybe,thiswaslastyear.Andwhynot?Thesedays,we'reallgeniuses.Wemightbe“marketinggeniuses”or“cookinggeniuses”or“TVgeniuses”.Wehavesoweakened“genius”thatit'sfastjoiningthecompanyof“natural”and“mindful”(留心),wordsleftinactivethroughoveruseandmisuse.Admittedly,thewordistoughtonaildown.Sometimesweassumegeniusequivalenttorawintelligence.Butmanyofhumanity'sgreatestbreakthroughswereachievedbythosewithonlymodestIQs.Sometimeswethinkofthegeniusassomeoneextremelyknowledgeable,butthatdefinitionalsofallsshort.DuringAlbertEinstein'stime,otherscientistsknewmorephysicsthanEinsteindid,buthistorydoesn'trememberthem.That'sbecausetheydidn'tmakeuseofthatknowledgethewayEinsteindid.Theyweren'tableto,asheputit,“regardoldquestionsfromanewangle”.Thegeniusisnotaknow-it-allbutasee-it-all,someonewho,workingwiththematerialavailabletoallofus,isabletomakesurprisingandusefulconnections.Truegeniusinvolvesnotmerelyanextraadvance,butaconceptualleap.AsphilosopherArthurSchopenhauerputit:Talenthitsthetargetnooneelsecanhit;geniushitsthetargetnooneelsecansee.We'velostsightofthistruth,andtoooftengrantthetitleofgeniusontalentedpeoplehittingvisibletargets.Agoodexampleisthemuch-boastedannouncementearlierthisyearthatscientistshad,forthefirsttime,recordedthesoundoftwoblackholesbumping,abillionlight-yearsaway.Itwasaremarkablediscovery,nodoubt,butitdidnotrepresentadramaticshiftinhowweunderstandtheuniverse.ItmerelyconfirmedEinstein'sgeneraltheoryofrelativity.AsPlatoobserved,“Whatishonoredinacountryiscultivatedthere.”Whatdowehonor?Digitaltechnology,andtheconvenienceitrepresents,sonaturallywegetaSteveJobsoraMarkZuckerbergasour“geniuses”,which,inpointoffact,theyaren't.TheiPhoneandFacebookarewonderfulinventions.Inmanyways,theymakeourlivesabiteasier,abitmoreconvenient.Ifanything,though,atruegeniusmakesourlivesmoredifficult,moreunsettled.WilliamShakespeare'swordsprovidemoreanxietythanrelief,andtheworldfeltabitmoresecurebeforeCharlesDarwincamealong.ZuckerbergandJobsmayhavechangedourworld,buttheyhaven'tyetchangedourworldview.Weneedtorecovergenius,andagoodplacetostartisbyputtingthebrakesonGeniusFlooding.Thekeyfactorthatsetsgeniusesandtalentsapartisthat.geniuseshavealargerrangeofknowledgegeniuseshaveaccesstofarmoreresourcesgeniusescanseevisibletargetsgeniusesapproachthingsdifferentlyThereasonswhypeoplenaturallyregardSteveJobs&MarkZuckerbergasgeniusesincludeallthefollowingEXCEPTthat.A.theirachievementsbringpeopleconveniencetheyhaveextraordinaryintelligencetheyarenativetothecountrywheredigitaltechnologyishighlyvaluedtheysatisfypeople'sneedsintheageofhightechnologyWhatcanweinferfromthepassage?A.Weshouldstoptheimproperuseof“natural”and“mindful”.Thefirstrecordingoftwoblackholesbumpingeachotherisageniusbreakthrough.CharlesDarwinishardlyagenius.Moregeniusesremaintobefoundinourlife.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.Getanewword,genius.B.Learnfromanewmodel,genius.Joininanewgroup,genius.Makeanewfriend,genius.【答案】DBAA【分析】根据第四段“Theyweren'tableto,asheputit,“regardoldquestionsfromanewangle".可知天才的关键是能够从一个新角度看待老问题，也就是不同的处理问题。2.本题是选非题，根据文章第七段"Digitaltechnology,andtheconvenienceitrepresents,sonaturallywegetaSteveJobsoraMarkZuckerbergasour“geniuses可知AD正确，同样第七段，根据"Whatishonoredinacountryiscultivatedthere."可知C正确，因此选B。根据文章第六段"ItmerelyconfirmedEinstein'sgeneraltheoryofrelativity”可知B错，根据第八段“WilliamShakespeare'swordsprovidemoreanxietythanrelief,andtheworldfeltabitmoresecurebeforeCharlesDarwincamealong”可知C错，D文章中没有提到；根据第二段“Wehavesoweakened"genius”thatit'sfastjoiningthecompanyof"natural”and"mindful”(留心),wordsleftinactivethroughoveruseandmisuse."可以A对根据全文可知，从第二第三段也能看出来这篇文章的主旨，主要在纠正生活中连用"geniuses"的问题，告诉我们什么才SectionCDirections:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthesentencegivenbelow.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.Perhapsthiscouldonlyworkinacountrywithacrimerateamongthelowestintheworld.ForOhashi,themachinesonceservedasbeacons.Youcanputthemanywhereandtheywon'tbestolenorharmed.Assuch,vendingmachinesoffercertainty.Similarly,vendingmachinesareeverywhere.s,Butmostareonlystockedwithhotandcolddrinks,someofwhichhavefunnyEnglishnanlike“PocariSweat"or“CalpisWater."s,VendingmachinesareamainstayofJapaneseculture.Thereareover5.5millioninthecountry--oneforevery23people,thehighestratiointheworld.They'reubiquitousandalmostalwaysoutdoors,makingthemimmediatelystandouttoanyonevisitingJapan.Theysellnearlyeverything--includingsomeratherpeculiaritems.⑴Atnight,ratherthanswitchingoff,themachinescometolifewithvibrantcolorsandbrightlights.PhotographerEijiOhashihasspentyearsphotographingthemacrossJapaninthedeadofthenight,andnowhehasbroughttheimagestogetherinabooktitled"RoadsideLights."(2)"Istartedthisprojectnineyearsago,whenInoticedashinyvendingmachinenearmyhomeasIwascomingbackfrommynightshift,"hesaidinanemailinterview."Atthetime,IwaslivinginatowninthenorthofJapanthatwouldgethitbyterribleblizzardsduringthewintermonths.I'ddrivemycarin(these)conditionsandusethelightofthevendingmachinestoguideme."Japaneseculturehasanappreciationforprocess.Signsexplaininghowtoqueue,howtogetahaircutorhowtousethetoiletarepostedeverywhere.(3)Theirmechanismonlyallowsonepossiblecourseofaction.Likesmartphones,theyprovideashieldfrompersonalinteractions.Theyarealsoingrainedintradition:Inruralareas,atthesideoftheroad,it'sstillpossibletofindunmannedwoodenstallswherefarmersplacefruit,vegetablesandothergoodswhichcanbepurchasedbyleavingthecorrectamountofcash.(4)Similarly,vendingmachinesinJapanarerarelyrobbedorvandalized.Infact,theyarewelltakencareof,meaningthattheyalwayswork--whichfurthercontributestocustomersatisfaction.ForOhashi,thisisoneofthereasonsbehindtheirpopularity.Identicaleverywhere,thevendingmachinesmaybringsomesenseofcomforttothosewhotraveltodifferentpartsofthecountry,Ohashisuggests:"Iwantedtocapturethestandardizedformofthevendingmachines.Ithoughtyoucouldseethedifferencesbetweentheregionsthroughthesceneryaroundthem."Ohashi'sphotographsconveyasenseoflonelinessbyshowingthemachinesinremotelocationsatnight."IthinkinsomewaysI'mcomparingmodern-daypeopletovendingmachines.Inourdailylives,wearealsolikevendingmachinesthatcanwithstandblizzardsbutultimatelygounrewarded."【答案】FBDA【分析】根据“Theysellnearlyeverything--includingsomeratherpeculiaritems选出答案F。答案B是本段的主旨句，根据后面的内容推出。前文说“日本文化对过程有欣赏力。到处都贴着说明如何排队、如何理发或如何使用厕所的标志。”所以选择D“因此，自动售货机提供了确定性。”Similarly表示其前面的句子和后面的句子意思表达的内容相似，所以根据similarly后面的句子推出选择A。V.Translation(15%)DirectionsT:ranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsgiveninthebrackets.诺贝尔医学奖获得者建议人们让自己的生物钟适应环境。(adapt)中国共