(新高考)高考英语一轮复习课件第1部分 教材知识解读 必修第一册 Unit 5 Languages Around the World (含详解)

Unit5LanguagesAroundtheWorld基础知识排查核心考点突破写作能力提升基础知识排查1.bone

n.骨头；骨(质)2.shell

n.壳；壳状物3.carve

vt.&vi.雕刻4.dynasty

n.王朝；朝代5.dialect n.地方话；方言6.CE(＝CommonEra) 公元7.tongue

n.舌头；语言Ⅰ.认阅读单词词汇句型知识速记[单元词汇要记牢]8.semester

n.学期9.pants

n.[pl.](BrE)内裤；短裤；(especially

NAmE)

裤子Ⅱ.记重点单词1.billion

n.十亿2.native

adj.本地的

n.本地人3.attitude

n.态度；看法4.system

n.体系；制度；系统5.despite

prep.即使；尽管6.factor

n.因素；要素7.symbol

n.符号；象征8.means

n.方式；方法；途径9.classic

adj.传统的；最优秀的；典型的

n.经典作品；名著10.regard

n.尊重；关注

vt.把……视为；看待11.character

n.文字；符号；角色；品质；特点12.calligraphy

n.书法；书法艺术13.affair

n.公共事务；事件；关系14.struggle

n.&vi.斗争；奋斗；搏斗15.petrol

n.(NAmEgas)汽油16.subway

n.(BrEunderground)地铁17.apartment

n.(especially

NAmE)公寓套房18.gap

n.间隔；开口；差距19.vocabulary

n.词汇Ⅲ.知拓展单词1.referencen.指称关系；参考

→refervi.提到；参考；查阅

vt.查询；叫……求助于2.basedadj.以(某事)为基础的；以……为重要部分(或特征的)

→basevt.以……为基础

n.底部；根据

→basisn.基础→basicadj.基础的3.varietyn.(植物、语言等的)变体；异体；多样化

→varyv.变化；不同

→variousadj.各种各样的4.majoradj.主要的；重要的；大的

n.主修课程；主修学生

vi.主修；专门研究

→majorityn.大多数5.globaladj.全球的；全世界的

→globen.地球；地球仪6.appreciatevt.欣赏；重视；感激；领会

vi.增值

→appreciationn.感激；欣赏

→appreciativeadj.感激的7.specificadj.特定的；明确的；具体的

→specificallyadv.特定地；明确地8.begvt.恳求；祈求；哀求

→beggarn.乞丐9.equaln.同等的人；相等物

adj.相同的；同样的

→equallyadv.平等地

→equalityn.平等10.demandn.要求；需求

vt.强烈要求；需要

vi.查问

→demandingadj.要求高的11.descriptionn.描写(文字)；形容

→describevt.描述12.relatevt.联系；讲述

→relatedadj.相关的

→relationn.关系

→relationshipn.关系Ⅳ.背核心短语1.referto 指的是；描述；提到；查阅2.upsanddowns 浮沉；兴衰；荣辱3.dateback(to...) 追溯到4.pointofview 观点；看法5.relateto与

……相关；涉及；谈到6.beknownfor 因为……而著名7.atthebeginning 起初8.leadto 导致9.playarolein 在……中发挥作用[增加词汇来助力]1.appeal

v.对……有吸引力；将……上诉；呼吁2.appetite

n.食欲；嗜好3.approach

vt.&vi.接近；靠近

n.方法4.appropriate

adj.适当的；恰当的5.approve

vt.批准；通过

vi.赞成6.approximately

adv.大约7.arbitrary

adj.任意的；武断的8.assess

vt.评定；估价词汇句型[经典句式需悟通]1.Therearemanyreasonswhythishasbeenpossible，butoneofthemainfactorshasbeentheChinesewritingsystem.(why引导的定语从句)这之所以成为可能有很多原因，其中一个主要因素就是中国书写体系。2.EmperorQinshihuangunitedthesevenmajorstatesintooneunifiedcountrywheretheChinesewritingsystembegantodevelopinonedirection.(where引导的定语从句)秦始皇统一七个诸侯国后，在这个统一的国家里，汉字书写体系开始朝着一个方向发展。词汇句型3.ThatwritingsystemwasofgreatimportanceinunitingtheChinesepeopleandculture.(beof＋抽象名词)这种书写体系在凝聚中华民族和中华文化方面具有重要意义。4.Eventoday，nomatterwhereChinesepeopleliveorwhatdialecttheyspeak，theycanallstillcommunicateinwriting.(nomatterwhere引导的状语从句)即使在今天，不论住在哪里，也不论说何种方言，中国人都仍能通过书写(文字)进行交流。5.WrittenChinesehasalsobecomeanimportantmeansbywhichChina’spresentisconnectedwithitspast.(“介词＋which”引导的定语从句)汉字也成为连接中国现在与过去的一个重要媒介。6.AsChinaplaysagreaterroleinglobalaffairs，anincreasingnumberofinternationalstudentsarebeginningtoappreciateChina’scultureandhistorythroughthisamazinglanguage.(as引导的时间状语从句)随着中国在全球事务中扮演着越来越重要的角色，越来越多的国际学生开始通过汉语这一奇妙的语言了解和欣赏中国的文化和历史。请先从表格中选用本单元所学词汇完成下列短文，然后核对答案并背诵该短文。despite，refer，specific，demand，relate，appreciate，variety，dateWhen1.

toEnglish，weknowEnglishiswidelyusedinglobalaffairs.NomatterwhatkindofEnglishpeoplearespeaking，nativespeakershavenotroubleunderstandingthewordslike“gas”，“petrol”，“subway”，“apartment”，“pants”，“semester”andotherwords2.

thesmalldifferencesinvocabulary.词汇串记语境填词referringdespiteButstudentswhosemothertongueisnotEnglisharestrugglingwithbillionsofwords.Ontheotherhand，fromforeigners’

pointofview，Chineseisregardedasa3.

language.Firstly，themajorlanguagewhichiscalledPuTongHuainChinaishardenoughtolearn，letalone4.

ofdialects.Secondly，Chinesecharactersareabstractsymbolsforthem.Thewritingsystem,5.

backtotheShangDynastywhenpeoplecarvedsomethingwith6.__________

meaningsonbonesorshells，islikestrangepictures.However，demandingvarietiesdatingspecificdespite，refer，specific，demand，relate，appreciate，variety，datebased

onthecommon7.

ofthesecharacters，someclassicworksarestillreadnowandbythismeanswecanknowmoreabouttheupsanddownsinancienttimes.Besides，calligraphyisalsoanartformclosely8.

toChineseculture.I

begallthepeopleholdapositiveattitudetobothlanguages，whichareofequal

importance.Tobridgethegapbetweencultures，bynomeansshouldwegiveuplearningthemwell.appreciationrelated返回despite，refer，specific，demand，relate，appreciate，variety，date0533.0核心考点突破提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇•

referto指的是；描述；提到；查阅refer...to...把……提交给……；让(人)参考……referto...as...把……称作……•

in/withreferencetosb./sth.关于referencebooks/material参考书/参考资料vi.提到；参考；查阅

vt.查询；叫……求助于(referencen.提及，涉及；参考；参考书目)1refer(1)He

(refer)tothesystemthatwasrelatedtothewelfareofbillionsofpeopleattheconference.(2)Theyalwaysrefertome

abookwormbecauseIamalwaysaddictedtoreading.(3)我写信寻求您的关于什么样的中国传统文化最吸引外国人的建议。(2021·全国甲，书面表达)Iamwritingtoaskforyouradvice_________________________________

.referredasin/withreferencetowhatkindsoftraditionalChineseculturesappealtoforeignersmost(4)如果你遇到了不认识的字，我强烈建议你查阅参考书或者向他人求助。(应用文写作之建议信)Ifyoumeetwiththecharactersyoudon’tknow，Istronglysuggestthat

.you(should)refertoreferencebooksorturntoothersforhelp•

base...on/upon...把……建立在……的基础上bebasedon/upon...以……为基础•

onadaily/regularbasis

每天/定期onthebasisof在……的基础上vt.以……为据点；以……为基础

n.底部；根据(basicadj.基本的；基础的basisn.基础)2base(1)Onthe

(base)ofwhatyoushow，Ifirmlybelievethatyoucanbequalifiedfortheposition.basis(2)队员们需要每天放学之后接受训练，并且定期被提供机会去观摩乒乓球赛。Teammembersneedtoreceivetrainingafterschooleverydayandthey_______________________________________________________________

.(3)我写信告知你一些基本的餐桌礼仪。基于中国的传统风俗，你应该先让长者用餐。(应用文写作之告知信)Iamwritingtoinformyouof

.____________

，youshouldlettheelderlyeatfirst.arealsoofferedopportunitiestowatchtabletenniscompetitionsonaregularbasissomebasictablemannersBasedontraditionalChinesecustoms•

majorin主修……•

anEnglishmajor一个英语专业的学生•

a/themajorityof大多数ina/themajority占大多数adj.主要的；重要的；大的

vi.主修，专门研究

n.主修课程；主修学生(majorityn.大部分；大多数)3major(1)InspiredbythebeautyofChinesecharacters，Iwillmajor___

calligraphyatuniversityinthefuture.in(2)有些人中途放弃了，但是大部分参赛者都成功跑到了终点。(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ，应用文写作)Somepeoplegaveuphalfway，but

madeittothefinishingline.(3)为我投票的人占大多数，因此我被选为学生会主席。Thosewhohavevotedforme

，soIamelectedaschairmanoftheStudentAssociation.themajorityoftheparticipantsareinthe/amajorityameansof一种……的方法(means单复数同形)byallmeans可以；当然行；没问题bymeansof借助……手段；依靠……方法bynomeans绝不，无论如何也不，一点都不(置于句首时，句子要部分倒装)n.方法；方式；途径4means(1)Watchingfilmswasregardedas

meansofentertainmentwhenwewereyoung.a(2)Ancientpeoplerecordedwhathadhappened

meansofcarvingvarietiesofsymbolswithspecificmeaningsontoshellsorbones.(3)Everymeans

(try)sofar，butwestillcan’tsolvetheproblem.(4)没有Paul的好心帮忙，Mac绝不会赤手空拳把狼吓跑。①Mac

withbarehandswithoutthehelpofkind-heartedPaul.②

withbarehandswithoutthehelpofkind-heartedPaul.(用倒装句改写)byhasbeentriedcouldbynomeansscarethewolfoff/awayBynomeanscouldMacscarethewolfoff/awayappreciate(one’s)doingsth.喜欢/感激(某人)做某事Iwouldappreciateitif...如果……我将不胜感激。vt.欣赏；重视；感激；领会

vi.增值(appreciationn.欣赏；感激)5appreciate(1)如果您能尽早回复我，我将非常感激。(应用文写作之结尾句)①

atyourearliestconvenience.(appreciateone’sdoing)②

atyourearliestconvenience.(appreciateitif...)IwouldreallyappreciateyourreplyingtomeIwouldreallyappreciateitifyoucouldreplytome(2)我写信来表达一下我对你的感激之情，感谢我在伦敦逗留期间你为我所做的一切。(应用文写作之感谢信)

forwhatyoudidformeduringmystayinLondon.I’mwritingtoexpressmyappreciation•

bewithoutequal＝havenoequal无与伦比•

beequaltosth./doingsth.等于/胜任(做)某事•

equalsb./sth.in(doing)sth.在(做)某事上比得过、敌得过某人/物n.同等的人；相等物

adj.相等的；平等的；相当的；能胜任的

v.与……相等，等于；比得上

(equalityn.平等；相等equallyadv.相等地；同等地；公平地；同样地)6equal(1)Frommypointofview，MichaelJordanis

equalinplayingbasketball.without(2)首先，没人在英语口语方面比得过我。同样重要的是我擅长与其他人交流。因此，我坚信我胜任博览会志愿者的工作。(应用文写作之申请信)Firstly，nobodycan

.

isthatIamgoodatcommunicatingwithothers.SoIholdthefirmbeliefthat

asavolunteerforthefair.EquallyimportantequalmeinoralEnglishIamequaltothejob•

demandtodosth.要求做某事demandthat...要求……(从句中的谓语动词用“should＋动词原形”，

should可省略)•

bein(great)demand需求量大meet/satisfyone’sdemand(s)满足某人的需求n.需求；要求

vt.强烈要求；需要

vi.查问(demandingadj.要求高的)7demand(1)Thosewhohadheldmentallystimulating(刺激)，

(demand)jobsbeforeretirementtendedtodothebestonthetests.(2020·浙江)(2)Sciencegraduatesare

greaterdemandthanliberalartsonesinChina.(3)我要求在山间骑马。为了满足我的需求，我叔叔要求我和父亲顺着这条道走，以防迷路。I

inthemountains.__________________

，myuncledemandedthat______________________________

incasewecouldgetlost.indemandingdemandedtotakeahorseridedemandsTomeet/satisfymymyfatherandI(should)keeptothetrackdateback(＝goback)追溯；上溯(后接时间段)始于……；追溯到……(后接时间点)8dateback(to...)(＝datefrom)我向你强烈推荐的旅游景点是始于公元前478年的孔庙。(应用文写作之推荐信)(1)ThetouristattractionIstronglyrecommendtoyouisConfuciusTemple

478BC.(定语从句)(2)ThetouristattractionIstronglyrecommendtoyouisConfuciusTemple

478BC.(现在分词短语作定语)用法点拨

dateback(to)一般只用现在时态，没有被动语态。that/whichdatesbacktodatingbackto“beof＋抽象名词”相当于“be＋形容词”，这一结构可以说明主语的性质。常见的抽象名词有importance，value，use，help，benefit，significance等，这些名词可用great，little，some，any，no，not，much等修饰，用以说明程度。ThatwritingsystemwasofgreatimportanceinunitingtheChinesepeopleandculture.这种书写体系在凝聚中华民族和中华文化方面具有重要意义。9beof+抽象名词.(1)在我看来，保持在线学习和我们生活的平衡非常重要。(2021·全国乙，书面表达)Frommypointofview，strikingabalancebetweenonlinelearningandourlife

.(2)你给我们的建议证明很有价值。没有它我们不可能实现我们的梦想。Theadviceyougaveusprovedtobe

，withoutwhichwecouldn’thaveachievedourdreams.(3)参加课外活动对你的整体发展有益。Takingpartinextra-curricularactivitiesis__________________________

.isofgreatimportance/significanceofgreatvalueofgreatbenefit/helptoyouroveralldevelopment•“nomatter＋疑问词”只能引导让步状语从句，可放在主句前或主句后。•

whenever，wherever，however引导让步状语从句，相当于nomatter

when/where/how。•

whatever，whoever，whichever，whomever既可引导名词性从句，

也可引导让步状语从句；在引导让步状语从句时相当于nomatter

what/who/which/whom。Eventoday，nomatterwhereChinesepeopleliveorwhatdialecttheyspeak，theycanstillcommunicateinwriting.即使在今天，不论住在哪里，也不论说何种方言，中国人都仍能通过书写(文字)进行交流。10nomatterwhere,who,what,etc.(1)无论你何时需要帮助，我真诚地希望你能毫不犹豫地联系我。

，Isincerelyhopethatyoucangetintouchwithmewithouthesitation.(2)无论我多么忙，每天我都会匀出一些时间帮助来自美国的交换生学习汉语，并且告诉他们更多我们的习俗和传统。

，IwillsparesometimeeverydaytohelptheexchangestudentsfromtheUSAwithChineseandtellthemmoreaboutourcustomsandtraditions.(3)任何人触犯法律都会受到惩罚。

willbepunished.Whenever/NomatterwhenyouneedhelpHowever/NomatterhowbusyIamWhoeverbreaksthelaw基础达标巩固落实提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇Ⅰ.一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍1.refertoA.指的是B.提到C.查阅(1)Whynotrefertoadictionarytocheckthespellingoftheword？

__

(2)Thescientistreferredtoglobalwarmingatleastthreetimesinhisspeech.___

(3)Thewordbusinessalsoreferstoanorganizationthatoffersgoodsandservices.__

CBA(1)Asweallknow，Chinesecharactersarequitedifficulttomemorize.__

(2)TomCruiseisaleadingcharacterinthisfilm.__

(3)Shehasacheerfulbutquietcharacter.___

(4)Thecityinvested6billionyuantopreservethecharacteroftheoldtown.__

(5)Sportscanbegoodforcharacterbuilding.__

DCA.性格B.特色；特征C.人物；角色D.符号；文字E.品性；道德品质2.characterABE3.快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加颜色词汇的汉语意思(1)Ourcarsaretheequalsofthoseproducedanywhereintheworld._______(2)UntilthendidIfullyappreciatewhatmyparentshaddoneforme.___________相等物理解；明白1.Thediscoveryofthenewdrugisof

(important)topeoplewhosufferfromhearttrouble.2.Humanbeings

(regard)aspartofnatureandtheonlywayforustosurviveistoliveinharmonywithnature.3.Thetsunami

(refer)tointhereportsweptawayabout2,000people，shockingtherestofthecountry.4.Thenovelwhichwaspopularwithreaderswasbased

anearthquakewhichstruckWenchuanin2008.Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识importanceareregardedreferredon5.Thetower

(date)backtotheMingDynastywasseriouslydestroyedintheflood.6.Thereisnodenyingthathumanbeingshavesufferedalotonaccountof

(variety)ofdisasters.7.Fortunately，theysurvivedthefire

meansofbreathingthroughawettowel.8.Allthestudentsdemand

(supply)themselveswithmorenovels.datingvarietiesbytosupply9.Allinall，Iwouldappreciate

ifyoucouldsupplyuswithtimelyandgeneroushelp.10.Itiswidelyacknowledgedthatwisdomandeffortsare

(equal)importantforsuccess.返回itequally0533.0写作能力提升建议信——参观故宫(theForbiddenCity)1.得知你要参观可追溯到明朝的故宫，我写信给你一些建议。(datebackto)__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________LearningthatyouwillvisittheForbiddenCitydatingbackto/thatdatesbackto/whichdatesbacktotheMingDynasty，Iamwritingtoofferyousometips.Ⅰ.单句写作——应用文增分练2.基于你匮乏关于故宫的知识，你最好提前查阅相关资料。(basedon；referto)____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________3.