陕西省西安市阎良区2020ㅡ2021学年高二英语下学期期末考试试题【含答案】

陕西省西安市阎良区2020-2021学年高二英语下学期期末试题注意事项：1.本试卷共10页，全卷满分150分，答题时间为120分钟；2.答卷前,考生须准确填写自己的姓名、准考证号,并认真核准条形码上的姓名、准考证号；3.选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂，非选择题必须使用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔书写，涂写要工整、清晰；4.结束后,监考员将答题卡按顺序收回，装袋整理;试题卷不回收。第一部分:听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题,每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatisthemandoingnow?A.Playingfootball.B.Washingclothes.C.Watchingthefootablegame.2.Howmanylanguagescanthemanspeak?A.Three.B.Two.C.Four.3.Whyisthemanlate?A.Hiscarbrokedown.B.Hegotoffworklate.C.Hemissedthebus.4.Wheredoestheconversationmostprobablytakeplace?A.Onabus.B.Inashop.C.Inalibrary.5.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Seeingoldfriends.B.Makingnewfriends.C.Gettinganewjob.第二节（共15小题,每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whendoesthewomanusuallygethomefromwork?A.About6：30.B.About7：30.C.About8：30.7.Whatdidthewomandolastnight?A.ShewatchedTV.B.Sherecordedaprogram.C.Shepreparedforalecture.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.WhydidJeaniecomehereearlier?A.Tomeetherfriend.B.Tomakeagoodimpression.C.Toreviewforthetest.9WhatsJack'sattitudetowardthetest?A.Heworriesaboutit.B.Heisconfident.C.Hedoesn'tcareaboutit.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.What'stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthewomanandMrSmith?A.Husbandandwife.B.Bossandsecretary.C.Doctorandpatient.11.Whatdoesthemanaskthewomantodoatthebeginning?A.Havelunchtogether.B.Takeamessageforhim.C.GivehimMrSmith'smobilenumber.12.Whatwillthemandonext?A.Waitforaphonecall.B.Workathisdesk.C.GotomeetMrSmith.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.What'sBill?A.Ateacher.B.Atourguide.C.Adesigner.14WhereisPeterfrom?A.Italy.B.England.C.France.15.WhodidthewomangotoItalywith?A.Herfriend.B.Herson.C.Herhusband.16.WhatdoesBillaskthewomantodoatlast?A.TeachhimItalian.B.AttendaChristmasparty.C.Showhimaroundthedepartment.听第10段材料,回答第17至20题。17.Wheredoesthisplanefly?A.Shanghai.B.Beijing.C.Hainan.18.WhoisAngelaSmith?A.Thecaptainoftheplane.B.Aregularflightattendant.C.Theheadflightattendant.19.Whatcanwelearnaboutthisflight?A.Theplaneisflyingnorth.B.ThepassengerscanwatchTVprogramsforfree.C.Thepassengerswillbeintheairfortwohours.20.Whatwillthepassengersdonext?A.Watchavideo.B.Readthenewper.C.Enjoysomesnacksanddrinks.第二部分:阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题,每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列四篇短文,从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AHeritagesitesareuniversallyconsideredastheplaceswhereyoucanlearnaboutthehistoryofhumandevelopmentandsocialevolution.Therefore,ifyouhaveakeeninterestinmeetingyourcuriosityaboutit,thefollowingontheUNESCO'sWorldHeritageListwillbeamust-checklistforyou.DinosaurProvincialPark,CanadaTheparkisbestknownforitsextensivefossilbeds,withinwhich35speciesofdinosaursfromabout100to65millionyearsagohavebeenidentified.Therearealsofossilizedremainsoffish,reptiles,andamphibians.TheareawaslistedasaUNESCOWorldHeritagesitein1979.SalongaNationalPark,CongoThisisthelargestreserveinCongo,coveringmorethan14,000squaremiles.Theparkwasestablishedin1970.Thethickforestprovideshabitatsforvariousanimalslikeparrots,elephantsandmonkeys.Parkvisitorsobservetheanimalsfrommotorizedriverboats.TheparkwasenteredintothelistofUNESCOWorldHeritagesitesin1984.Hadrian'sWall,EnglandThisisaRomanbarrierthatguardedtheborderofBritain.Hadrian(ruled117-138CE)wenttoBritainin122andwasthefirsttobuildawall,80mileslong,toseparatetheRomansfromthebarbarians(野蛮人).Therewasnointentionoffightingfromthewalltop;thesoldiersthereweretrainedtoencountertheenemyintheopen.In1987,Hadrian'sWallwasrecognizedbyUNESCOasaWorldHeritagesite.EasterIsland,Chilevolcanoes.Eastermousforitshugestonestatues.ThefirstEuropeanvisitors,theDutch,nameditEasterIslandinmemoryoftheirdayofarrival.Thesmallandhillyislandwasformedbyvolcanoes.EasterIslandwasaddedtoUNESCO'sWorldHeritageListin1995.1.Ifyouwanttostudyfossilsincollege,whichsitewouldyouliketovisit?A.EasterIsland. B.DinosaurProvincialPark.C.Hadrian'sWall. D.SalongaNationalPark.2.WhenwasSalongaNationalParkenteredintothelistofUNESCOWorldHeritagesites?A.In1995. B.In1979.C.In1987. D.In1984.3.WhywasHadrian’sWallbuiltinthefirstplace?A.Tokeepaplacefordinosaurs.B.Todefendthemselvesfromattack.C.TomemorizeRoman’sarrivalintheplace.D.Toprovidenaturalhabitatsforwildanimals.1.B2.D3.B【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四处联合国教科文组织世界遗产。【1题详解】1.细节理解题。根据“DinosaurProvincialPark,Canada”部分中“Theparkisbestknownforitsextensivefossilbeds(这个公园以其广阔的化石层而闻名)”可知，如果你对化石感兴趣，你可以去参观DinosaurProvincialPark。故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据“SalongaNationalPark,Congo”中“TheparkwasenteredintothelistofUNESCOWorldHeritagesitesin1984.(这个公园在1984年被联合国教科文组织列入世界遗产名录)”可知，SalongaNationalPark在1984年被联合国教科文组织列入世界遗产名录。故选D。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据“Hadrian'sWall,England”中“ThisisaRomanbarrierthatguardedtheborderofBritain.Hadrian(ruled117-138CE)wenttoBritainin122andwasthefirsttobuildawall,80mileslong,toseparatetheRomansfromthebarbarians(这是罗马的屏障，守卫着不列颠的边界。哈德良（公元117-138年）于122年来到不列颠，他是第一个建造长达80英里的城墙，将罗马人和野蛮人分开)”可推知，为了把野蛮人和罗马人分开，保护罗马人不被侵犯，哈德良修筑了长达80英里的城墙。故选B。BTherearemanydifferenttypesofpoems.Manypeoplehaveheardabouthaiku.Infact,mostofusaretaughtatonepointoranother－usuallyinelementaryschoolorhighschool-towriteoneofourveryown.Actually,haikuisaformofpoetrymadeupofthreenon-rhyminglines.Theyoftenexpressfeelingsandthoughtsaboutnature;however,youcouldwriteapoemaboutanysubjectyoulikeinthisform.Oneofthepoeticfavoritesispastoral(田园的）poetrybecauseitmeanswonderfulsensesofpeaceandharmony.ExamplesofthisformincludeKeats'sOdeonaGrecianUrn.Likethehaiku,natureisoftenatthecenterofthistypeofpoemaswell.Ingeneral,pastoralpoetrywillfocusondescribingarural(乡村的）place,butthetermswillbepeaceful.Youfeelateaseafterreadingthistypeofpoem.Manypastoralpoemsarewrittenaboutshepherds.Areyoufamiliarwiththeterm“ballad”？Probablyyouare,becausepeoplesometimesrefertosongs-particularlyromanticones-asballads.Infact,balladpoemsarefrequentlysungoratleasttheyareintendedtobesung,andtheyareoftenaboutlove.Often,theseballadswilltellstoriesandtheytendtobeofamysticalnature.Alimerickisapoemthatisoftensillyorfunny,writteninfivelineswithAABBArhyme（押韵）.Often,alimericktellsashort,humorousstory.Thistypeofpoemhasbeenpopularforhundredsofyears,particularlyintheEnglishlanguage.Whenlimericksfirstbecamepopular,theyoftenexpressedideasthatweredirty,buttodaylimericksexpressallsortsofideas.4.Whatdowelearnabouthaikupoems?A.Theyrhyme. B.They'reveryshort.C.Theyhavesevenlines. D.They'rehardtowrite.5.HowdopoemslikeOdeonaGrecianUrnmostprobablysound?A.Funny. B.Sad. C.Relaxing. D.Encouraging.6.Whoaremostlikelytowritelimericks?A.Songwriters. B.Famouspoets.C.Humorouspeople. D.Peopleadmiringnature.7.What'sthebesttitleforthepassage?A.TopicsofPoems. B.HistoryofPoems.C.OriginofPoems. D.FormsofPoems.4.B5.C6.C7.D【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了不同种类的诗歌。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Actually,haikuisaformofpoetrymadeupofthreenon-rhyminglines.(实际上，俳句是一种由三行不押韵的诗句组成的诗歌形式。)”可知，俳句诗歌是非常短的诗歌形式。故选B。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段前两句“Oneofthepoeticfavoritesispastoral(田园的）poetrybecauseitmeanswonderfulsensesofpeaceandharmony.ExamplesofthisformincludeKeats'sOdeonaGrecianUrn.(田园诗是最受欢迎的诗歌之一，因为它意味着美妙的和平与和谐的感觉。这种形式的例子包括济慈的诗歌《希腊古瓮颂》。)”和第三段“Ingeneral,pastoralpoetrywillfocusondescribingarural(乡村的）place,butthetermswillbepeaceful.Youfeelateaseafterreadingthistypeofpoem.(一般来说，田园诗的重点是描述一个乡村，但用词将是和平的。读过这类诗，你会感到轻松自在。)”可知，《希腊古瓮颂》是一首田园诗，所以这种诗歌让人感到轻松自在。故选C。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Often,alimericktellsashort,humorousstory.”可知，五行打油诗通常讲述一个短小幽默的故事。由此可推知，幽默的人最有可能写五行打油诗。故选C。【7题详解】主旨大意题。阅读文章内容，并根据第一段“Therearemanydifferenttypesofpoems.”可知，本文介绍了不同种类的诗歌，“诗歌的形式”最适合作文章标题。故选D。CThereyouareinyourfavoriteclothingstore.Youdon’treallyneedtobuyanything,buteverythingissocheapandstylish!Beforeyouknowit,youleavethestorewithbagsandbagsofnewclothes.Onthesurface,thisdoesn’tseemsobad.However,therearealotofhiddencostsbehindthecheappricetags(标牌).Toputitplainly,thefashionindustryisterriblefortheplanet.Notonlydoesituseupalotofresources,butitalsoheavilypollutestheenvironmentwithchemicals,microplasticsandunwantedwaste.Fashionisoneoftheleastsustainableindustriesontheplanet,commentedMichaelStanley-Jones.“We’veallbecomeourownwastemanagers,hoardingfashionwasteinourhouses,”henoted.Itdoesn’tjusttakeupceinourcupboards,though.Italsoendsupinlandfills(垃圾场),too.But,thankfully,thefashiontrendtidesarechanging.Peopleareincreasinglyexaminingtheirownconsumptionandwhatchangestheycanmaketobecomesustainable,JaneFellner,founderandCEOofsustainablefashionsellerLoopster,toldtheGuardian.Inparticular,withitstypicallylowerpricesandrarefashionfinds,shoppingsecondhandhasbecomeanincreasinglypopularandeco-friendlyoption.AccordingtoonlineresellerThredUp,thesecondhandmarketispredictedtoreach$80billionby2029.And,althoughfastfashionwillcontinuetogrow20percentoverthenext10years,secondhandfashionisexpectedtogrowanunbelievable185percentinthatsameamountoftime.Fellnercontinued:“Secondhandhasbecomemoresociallyacceptable.Thrifting(节约)isnowmassiveonTikTok.”Theonlytruesustainablewaytoshopistonotshopatall,unlessyou’rebuyingclothesthatalreadyexist.8.Whatdoesthefashionindustrybringabout?A.People’sloveforfastfashion. B.Damagetotheearth.C.Cheappricetags. D.Sufficientresources.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“hoarding”inParagraph3probablymean?A.Sorting. B.Avoiding.C.Storing. D.Recycling.10.WhatdoesJaneFellnerthinkofsecondhandfashion?A.Itisgainingpopularity.B.Ithasdefeatedfastfashion.C.Itmakespeopleattractive.D.Itishugeamongyoungpeople.11.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.YoungConsumers’HabitsB.AStylishFashionManagerC.TheFashionIndustryD.SustainableFashionTrend8.B9.C10.A11.D【分析】本文是说明文。文章介绍了时尚产业所造成的危害，以及二手商品的受欢迎，呼吁人们进行可持续购物。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二自然段“Toputitplainly,thefashionindustryisterriblefortheplanet.Notonlydoesituseupalotofresources,butitalsoheavilypollutestheenvironmentwithchemicals,microplasticsandunwantedwaste.(简单地说，时尚业对地球来说是很可怕的。它不仅消耗了大量的资源，而且还用化学物质、微塑料和不需要的废物严重污染了环境)”可知，时尚业给地球造成危害。故选B。【9题详解】词句猜测题。根据第四自然段的“Itdoesn’tjusttakeupceinourcupboards,though.Italsoendsupinlandfills(垃圾场),too.(但它不只是占用我们的橱柜空间。它们也会被扔进垃圾填埋场)”可知，我们购买了许多衣服，囤积在橱柜，并且最终都成了垃圾，结合划线句“We’veallbecomeourownwastemanagers,hoardingfashionwasteinourhouses(我们都已成为了自己的废物管理者，在家里boarding时尚垃圾)”可知，这些囤积在房间里的衣服，最终让我们成为自己的垃圾管理者。由此推知，划线词表示“囤积”，与store“存储”意思相近。故选C。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第五自然段“Fellnercontinued:“Secondhandhasbecomemoresociallyacceptable.Thrifting(节约)isnowmassiveonTikTok.”(费尔继续说：“二手的商品已经变得更被社会接受。节约现在在抖音上是规模巨大的。”)”可推知，费尔认为二手时尚将会越来越受欢迎。故选A。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据最后一段的“Theonlytruesustainablewaytoshopistonotshopatall,unlessyou’rebuyingclothesthatalreadyexist.(唯一真正可持续的购物方式是根本不购物，除非你买已经存在的衣服)”以及前文的对于时尚产业和二手市场的讲述可知，本文主要讲述时尚产业造成的危害，以及二手市场的流行，呼吁人们可持续购物。由此可知，D项“可持续的时尚趋势”点明主旨，可作最佳标题。故选D。D15-year-oldMaxproducedtheVybpro,awearablewristband(腕带)whichwarnsuserswhenevertheyareabouttotouchtheirfaces.ThegesturehasbeenrecognizedasoneofthekeywaysthatCOVID-19canbespread,makingitapotentiallylife-savinginvention.Hefirsthitontheexcellentideatwoyearsagoforthepurposeofreducingthespreadofthecoldandflue.AfterbothofMax’sparentswereinfectedwithCOVID-19fourmonthsago,however,heputinallhisefforttodevelopaworkingprototype(模型).Wornonbothwrists,theintelligentdeviceisexpectedtosellfor£89.Itusesposition-sendingtechnologyalgorithms(算法)totellbetweenpredictedfacetouchingandotherhandmotions.Thenthedevicewarnsusersofhandgesturesthataredangerouslyneartheface.“WecameupwiththeconceptafewyearsagowhenmyfamilywasrepeatedlycatchingcoldandfluevirusesfromtravelinginandoutofLondonandIcouldseehoweasyitwastopickupgermsespeciallyfromusingpublictransport,”saidMax.“ItwasonlywhentheWorldHealthOrganization(WHO)begansuggestingpeopleavoidtouchingtheireyes,nosesandfacestostopthespreadofvirusesfromcontaminatedsurfacesdidIrealizethatitcouldplayapartinslowingthespreadofCOVID-19.”Max,whoisfromBristol,launcheda£60,000crowdfundingcampaign(众筹活动)onKickstarterearlierthisweektofurtherhisprojectandturntheprototypeintoapublicreality.“Themaintaskofthisprojectisnottomakemoney,buttogetitontothewristsofthoseitcanhelpkeepsafe.AnyprofitsmadefromearlysalesthroughthecrowdfundingsitewillbereinvestedintoprovidingfreedevicesfororganizationsthathelppeoplesuchasNationalHealthService(NHS)staffandnursinghomes.12.WhydidMaxdeveloptheVyhpro?A.Topreventthespreadofthecoldandflu. B.ToprotectpeopleagainstCOVID-19.C.Totestposition-sendingtechnology. D.Tomonitorpeople’shealth.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“contaminated”inParagraph4probablymean?A.Polluted. B.Clean.C.Smooth. D.Rough.14.WhatdidMaxstartthecrowdfundingcampaignfor?A.Raisingmoneyfornursinghomes. B.ProvidingfreedevicesforNHS.C.Helpingtoadvancehisproject. D.MakingabettertypeofVyhpro.15.WhatcanwelearnfromMax’sstory?A.Hardworkpaysoff.B.Technologychangesourlives.C.Upsanddownsmakeonestrong.D.Littlepeoplecanmakeabigdifference.12.B13.A14.C15.D【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。15岁的马克斯生产了Vybpro，这是一款可穿戴的腕带，每当用户要触摸自己的脸时，它都会发出警告。这一姿态被认为是COVID-19传播的关键途径之一，使其成为一项潜在的救命发明。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“15-year-oldMaxproducedtheVybpro,awearablewristband(腕带)whichwarnsuserswhenevertheyareabouttotouchtheirfaces.ThegesturehasbeenrecognizedasoneofthekeywaysthatCOVID-19canbespread,makingitapotentiallylife-savinginvention.”(15岁的马克斯生产了Vybpro，这是一款可穿戴的腕带，每当用户要触摸自己的脸时，它都会发出警告。这一举止被认为是COVID-19传播的关键途径之一，使其成为一项潜在的救命发明。)和第二段的“AfterbothofMax’sparentswereinfectedwithCOVID-19fourmonthsago,however,heputinallhisefforttodevelopaworkingprototype(模型)”（然而在马克斯的父母四个月前都感染了COVID-19后，他投入了所有的努力开发一个可工作的模型）可推知，马克斯开发Vyhpro来保护人们免受COVID-19的侵害。故选B。【13题详解】词句猜测题。根据第四段最后一句中的“stopthespreadofviruses”和from可知，此处是指来自被污染的表面的病毒，所以contaminated意为“被污染的”。故选A。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段第一句“Max,whoisfromBristol,launcheda£60,000crowdfundingcampaign(众筹活动)onKickstarterearlierthisweektofurtherhisprojectandturntheprototypeintoapublicreality.”(本周早些时候，来自布里斯托尔的马克斯在众筹网站Kickstarter上发起了一项价值6万英镑的众筹活动，以进一步推进他的项目，并将样本变为现实。)可知，马克斯发起众筹活动来帮助推进他的项目。故选C。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段第一句“15-year-oldMaxproducedtheVybpro,awearablewristband(腕带)whichwarnsuserswhenevertheyareabouttotouchtheirfaces.”(15岁的马克斯生产了Vybpro，这是一款可穿戴的腕带，每当用户要触摸自己的脸时，它都会发出警告。)可知，马克思虽然年纪还小，但是他却发明了可以保护人们免受COVID-19的侵害的腕带，所以从他的故事中我们可以学到小人物也能发挥大作用的道理。故选D。第二节（共5小题,每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Theteenageyearscanbeaveryconfusingtimefilledwithanxiety,especiallyinhighschool.Herearesomepowerfultipswhichcanhelpyousucceedintheyears.Knowyourselfandpickadirection.____16____,however,it'sunwisetotryeverything.Justfocusonyourfavorite.Considerallthebenefitsthatitbringsintoyourlifeandthenseehowyoucandevelopyourpassionintoapossiblecareeroption.Getawayfromthefriendsthatofferpoisonousadviceandnegativity.Thereisnoplaceforthatkindofbehavioratanystageofyourlife.____17____.Thisdoeswondersforself-confidenceandoverallpositivity.Readasmuchasyoucan.Pickupabookonanythingthatexpandsyourknowledgebase.____18____,you'llnoticeinafewdayshowyoubegintoseethingsinadifferentway.____19____.Iam19yearsold,soIunderstandjusthowmuchtimecanbewastedontechnology,especiallytheInternetandcellphones.Onceyouspendlesstimedoingthingsthataddnovaluetoyourlifeandinsteadspendthattimeenrichingyourself,yourlifebeginstoshapeandturnintoexactlywhatyouwantittobe.Makemistakes.Lookatamistakeyou'vemadefromeverypossibleangleandtakethelessonsfromit.Yourteenageyearsaremeanttobespentgettingtoknowyourself.____20____It'sokaytomakemistakes.A.TrydifferentthingsB.YoumaybefacedwithtoomanychoicesinyourlifeC.WorkhardtoimproveyourscoresD.LimitthetimespentonsocialmediaE.NotalltimecanyouachievethisbytryingtobeperfectF.IfyoustopspendinghourswatchingTVandinsteadusethattimetoreadbooksG.Andyoushouldvalueyourselfhighlyenoughtogetridofthesepeople16.B17.G18.F19.D20.E【分析】这是一篇说明文。青少年时期可能是一段非常混乱、充满焦虑的时期，尤其是在高中时期。文章主要说明了一些可以帮助青少年在今后的岁月里取得成功的建议。【16题详解】根据上文“Knowyourselfandpickadirection.(认清自己，选择方向)”以及后文“however,it'sunwisetotryeverything.Justfocusonyourfavorite.Considerallthebenefitsthatitbringsintoyourlifeandthenseehowyoucandevelopyourpassionintoapossiblecareeroption.(然而，尝试一切是不明智的。只关注你最喜欢的。考虑一下它给你的生活带来的好处，然后看看如何把你的爱好发展成一个可能的职业选择)”可知，后文提到尝试一切并不明智，可知本句是在说明生活中面临选择太多的情况，故B选项“在你的生活中，你可能面临太多的选择”符合语境，故选B。【17题详解】根据上文“Getawayfromthefriendsthatofferpoisonousadviceandnegativity.Thereisnoplaceforthatkindofbehavioratanystageofyourlife.(远离那些提供有害建议和消极意见的朋友。在你人生的任何阶段都不应该有这种行为)”可知，本段主要旨在说明摆脱提供有害建议和消极意见的朋友，G选项中getridof对应上文中Getawayfrom。故G选项“你应该对自己有足够的重视来摆脱这些人”符合语境，故选G。【18题详解】根据上文“Readasmuchasyoucan.Pickupabookonanythingthatexpandsyourknowledgebase.(尽可能多读书。找一本关于任何能扩充你知识面的书)”以及后文“you'llnoticeinafewdayshowyoubegintoseethingsinadifferentway.(过几天你就会发现你开始以一种不同的方式看待事物)”可知，上文提到找一本关于任何能扩充你知识面的书，后文指出发现你开始以一种不同的方式看待事物，可知本句是在说明阅读这本书，故F选项“如果你不再花几个小时看电视，而是用这段时间来读书”符合语境，故选F。【19题详解】根据后文“Iam19yearsold,soIunderstandjusthowmuchtimecanbewastedontechnology,especiallytheInternetandcellphones.Onceyouspendlesstimedoingthingsthataddnovaluetoyourlifeandinsteadspendthattimeenrichingyourself,yourlifebeginstoshapeandturnintoexactlywhatyouwantittobe.(我今年19岁，所以我知道在科技上可以浪费多少时间，尤其是互联网和手机。一旦你花更少的时间去做那些对你的生活没有任何价值的事情，而把时间花在充实自己上，你的生活就会开始变成你想要的样子)”可知，后文提到不要在互联网和手机上浪费时间，即“限制花在社交媒体上的时间”。故D选项“限制花在社交媒体上的时间”符合语境，故选D。【20题详解】根据后文“It'sokaytomakemistakes.(犯错误也没关系)”可知，后文提到犯错也没关系，即不过于要求完美。故E选项“不是所有时候你都可以通过努力做到完美来实现这一点”符合语境，故选E。第三部分:英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节完形填空（共20小题,每小题L5分,满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。8-year-oldPicowenthomeangrilyafterschoolafterthedoorhewildlystompinghisfeet.HisfatherwasworkingintheyardandsawPico____21____.SohecalledPicoandwantedto____22____withhim.Pico'sfatherwas____23____listeningtohissonwhileworking.Picosaid,“Joaquin____24____mefeelembarrassedbeforemyfriends.Ihopehecomesacrossafewparticularly____25____luckthings.Hisfatherwenttoacorner,____26____abagofcharcoal,andsaidtoPico,Son,you____27____thewhiteshirtoverthereasJoaquin,andthebagofcharcoalassomebadluckthings.Usecharcoaltohitthewhite____28____.Imaginethateverytimeyouhitoneontheshirt,Joaquinwouldmeetwithabadluckthing.Whenyoufinish____29____allthecharcoal,see____30____willhappen.”Picothoughtthisgamewasfun.He____31____charcoaltothrowintotheshirt.____32____,theshirtwashunginthedistantrope.He____33____throwingallthecharcoal,butnotafewontheshirt.Hewastired____34____happy.Fathersawhissondidnotunderstandhisintentions,soheletPicolookinalarge____35____Whathecouldonlyseefromhisfacewaswhite____36____Thenthefathersaid,“Yousee,the____37____shirtdidnotbecomeparticularlydirty,butyouhavebecomea‘blackpeople’.Youwantalotofbadluckthings____38____others;theresultisthemostunfortunatethingfallson____39____Therefore,ourbadthoughtsmaydoapartonothers,others____40____badluck,butthestainslefttousaredifficulttoremove.21.A.angry B.happy C.tired D.frightened22.A.begin B.fight C.talk D.learn23.A.noisily B.quietly C.truly D.suddenly24.A.made B.helped C.collected D.stopped25A.important B.good C.big D.bad26.A.invented B.found C.decided D.planted27.A.sell B.notice C.regard D.cover28.A.door B.fence C.shirt D.wall29.A.burying B.carrying C.burning D.hitting30.A.what B.which C.that D.how31.A.gavein B.tookoff C.putaway D.pickedup32.A.However B.Therefore C.Though D.Thus33.A.minded B.forgot C.allowed D.finished34.A.so B.but C.or D.as35.A.bag B.rope C.mirror D.yard36.A.eyes B.teeth C.ears D.hair37.A.white B.yellow C.red D.blue38.A.below B.up C.under D.on39.A.itself B.yourself C.herself D.himself40.A.enjoy B.choose C.suffer D.want21.A22.C23.B24.A25.D26.B27.C28.C29.D30.A31.D32.A33.D34.B35.C36.B37.A38.D39.B40.C【分析】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了8岁的Pico因为朋友让自己出丑，就希望别人倒霉，结果父亲让Pico把衬衫想象成朋友，朝着衬衫扔木炭，扔完之后发现衬衫并没有特别脏，自己的脸却黑了，父亲借此告诉Pico想给别人带来很多厄运，结果是最不幸的事情落在了自己身上。所以，我们的坏想法可能会对别人造成部分影响，别人会遭遇厄运，但留给我们的污点很难消除。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他的父亲正在院子里干活，看到Pico很生气。A.angry愤怒的；B.happy快乐的；C.tired疲惫的；D.frightened害怕的。呼应上文“Picowenthomeangrily”指看到Pico在生气。故选A。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：于是他叫Pico，想和他谈谈。A.begin开始；B.fight战斗；C.talk谈话；D.learn学习。根据后文“listeningtohissonwhileworking”可知父亲在和Pico交谈。故选C。【23题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：Pico的父亲一边工作一边安静地听着他的儿子说话。A.noisily吵闹地；B.quietly安静地；C.truly真实地；D.suddenly突然。结合后文“listeningtohissonwhileworking”可知父亲一边工作一边安静地听Pico说自己生气的原因。故选B。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Joaquin让我在朋友面前感到尴尬。A.made制作，让；B.helped帮助；C.collected收集；D.stopped停止。根据后文“mefeelembarrassedbeforemyfriends”指朋友让Pico在朋友面前尴尬，应用make+宾语+宾补。故选A。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我希望他遇到一些特别倒霉的事情。A.important重要的；B.good好的；C.big大的；D.bad坏的。呼应后文中“badluck”指Pico希望Joaquin遇到一些特别倒霉的事情。故选D。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的父亲走到一个角落，发现了一袋木炭，对Pico说：“儿子，你把那边的白衬衫看成是Joaquin，而那袋木炭则是一些不祥的东西。”A.invented发明；B.found找到，发现；C.decided决定；D.planted种植。根据后文“abagofcharcoal”指发现一袋木炭，应用found。故选B。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的父亲走到一个角落，发现了一袋木炭，对Pico说：“儿子，你把那边的白衬衫看成是Joaquin，而那袋木炭则是一些不祥的东西。”A.sell出售；B.notice注意到；C.regard看作，考虑；D.cover覆盖。根据后文“thewhiteshirtoverthereasJoaquin”可知表示“把……看成是……”短语为regardsth.as。故选C。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：用木炭打白衬衫。A.door门；B.fence栅栏；C.shirt衬衫；D.wall墙壁。呼应上文“thewhiteshirt”指用木炭打白衬衫。故选C。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当你把木炭都打完后，看看会发生什么。A.burying埋葬；B.carrying搬运；C.burning燃烧；D.hitting打击。呼应上文“Usecharcoaltohitthewhite”指用木炭打衬衫。故选D。【30题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：当你把木炭都打完后，看看会发生什么。此处为宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，指事物应用what引导。故选A。【31题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：他捡起木炭扔向衬衫。A.gavein屈服；B.tookoff起飞；C.putaway放好；D.pickedup捡起。根据后文“charcoaltothrowintotheshirt”指捡起木炭扔向衬衫。故选D。【32题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，衬衫却挂在远处的绳子上。A.However然而；B.Therefore因此；C.Though虽然；D.Thus因此。上文提到用木炭扔衬衫，后文提到衬衫却挂在远处的绳子上，前后为转折关系，应用however。故选A。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他把所有的木炭都扔了，但在衬衫上却只扔了很少一部分。A.minded介意；B.forgot忘记；C.allowed允许；D.finished结束。呼应上文“Whenyoufinish”指扔完木炭。故选D。【34题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：他很累，但很高兴。A.so所以；B.but但是；C.or或者；D.as正如。上文提到很累，后文说很开心，前后为转折关系，应用but。故选B。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：父亲见儿子不明白他的意图，便让Pico照照大镜子。A.bag包；B.rope绳子；C.mirror镜子；D.yard院子。根据后文“Whathecouldonlyseefromhisface”可知Pico从镜子里看到了自己的脸。故选C。【36题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他只能从脸上看到洁白的牙齿。A.eyes眼睛；B.teeth牙齿；C.ears耳朵；D.hair头发。根据后文“youhavebecomea‘blackpeople’”可知Pico的脸被木炭弄黑了，只能从脸上看到洁白的牙齿。故选B。【37题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这时父亲说：“你看，白衬衫并没有变得特别脏，但你变成了一个‘黑人’。”A.white白色的；B.yellow黄色的；C.red红色的；D.blue蓝色的。呼应上文“thewhiteshirtoverthere”用木炭扔的是衬衫。故选A。【38题详解】考查介词词义辨析。句意：你想给别人带来很多厄运；结果是最不幸的事情落在了自己身上。A.below在下方；B.up向上；C.under在下面；D.on在上面。根据上文“Youwantalotofbadluckthings”可知指想要坏事发生在别人身上，后文“theresultisthemostunfortunatethingfallson”也是提示。故选D。【39题详解】考查代词词义辨析。句意：你想给别人带来很多厄运；结果是最不幸的事情落在了自己身上。A.itself它自己；B.yourself你自己；C.herself她自己；D.himself他自己。根据上文主语“Youwantalotofbadluckthings”可知此处指最不幸的事情落在了自己身上。故选B。【40题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，我们的坏想法可能会对别人造成部分影响，别人会遭遇厄运，但留给我们的污点很难消除。A.enjoy欣赏；B.choose选择；C.suffer遭受；D.want想要。根据后文“badluck”可知指别人遭受厄运。故选C。第二节语法填空(共10小题,每小题L5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。DuilianistraditionalChinesecouplets,alsoknownasyinglianorduizi.Accordingtotheusage,itcanbe____41____(general)classifiedintoSpringFestivalcouplets,weddingcouplets,tradecouplets,socialcoupletsandentertainingor____42____(humor)couplets.Thetraditionalcoupletsvarygreatlyin____43____(long).Theshortestonecontainsoneortwocharacters,andthelongestonecontainsseveralhundredcharacters,usually____44____(find)onancientChinesebuildings.Acoupletmusthavethefollowingfeatures:____45____numberofcharactersofonelineisequaltothatoftheotherlineandbothlineshavethesamesensegroups.Acoupletwritermayshowhisfeelingsbymeansof____46____(describe)thesceneryorexpresshiswishesinhisworks.Whateverhewantstoconvey,thewriterisexpectedtobegood____47____.Chineseandsummarizationtoproduceacouplet____48____.isexcellentinbothlanguageandcontent.ChinesecoupletsarewidelykeptbothinmodemcitiesandruralareasofChina.Withtheculturalexchangesamongdifferentcountriesallovertheworld,theyalso____49____(begin)tospreadtoVietnam,Japan,andSingaporeinthe20thcentury.Asaresult,thecustomofputtingupSpringFestivalcouplets_____50_____(observe)inthesecountriesatpresentaswell.41.generally42.humorous43.length44.found45.the46.describing47.at48.which/that49.began50.isobserved【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国的对联，介绍了对联的类型、特征、内容以及在世界上的传播等情况。【41题详解】考查副词。句意：根据使用情况，大致可分为春联、喜联、行业联、社交联和娱乐或幽默联。修饰后文动词classify应用副词generally，作状语。故填generally。【42题详解】考查形容词。句意：根据使用情况，大致可分为春联、喜联、行业联、社交联和娱乐或幽默联。修饰后文名词couplets，应用形容词humorous，作定语。故填humorous。【43题详解】考查名词。句意：传统的对联在长度