2019年6月英语四级真题答案试卷一汇总

2019年6月大学英语四级真题解析及参考答案PartIWriting(30minutes)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteanewsreporttoyourcampusnewspaperonavolunteeractivityorganizedbyyourStudentUniontoassistelderlypeopleintheneighborhood.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.【参考范文】OnJune14,Friday,avolunteeractivitywheremanystudentstookanactivepartinvisitingthelocalNursingHousewasorganizedbytheStudentUnionanditturnsouttobeabigsuccess.TheactivitywasaimedatencouragingstudentstovisittheelderlyattheNursingHouseandhelpelderlypeopledealwiththeirtroublesbothphysicalandpsychological.Manystudentsvolunteeredtoparticipateinthisgooddeedandwereengagedinhelpingtheelderlyhereoutbymakingtheirmeals,washingtheirclothesandchattingwiththem.Whenaskedaboutthosevolunteers'feelingsaboutsuchanexperience,allofthemrespondedwithasmile,saying“whatawonderfulpracticeandIreallyappreciatethisexperience,foritmakesmelearntocaremoreforothersinneed.”Allinall,theactivityturnsouttobeasuccessnotonlyforthevisitedelderlybutforthosestudentsinvolved.【参考范文译文】6月14日，星期五，学生会组织了一个参观当地敬老院的志愿活动，许多学生都积极参与其中，该活动取得了巨大的成功。此次志愿活动旨在拜访当地敬老院的老人们并对他们各个方面的困难提供帮助。许多学生主动加入到此次善举当中，帮老人们洗衣做饭、谈心解闷，竭尽所能提供帮助。问及参与此次活动的感想时，他们毫无例外地回道“真是太有意义了，很感谢这次经历，它让我懂得要去更加关爱那些有困难的人”总而言之，此次活动取得了巨大成功，不仅仅对那些老人来说受益多多，对于参与的学生来说也是意义良多。PartIIListeningComprehension(25minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,youwillhearthreenewsreports.Attheendofeachnewsreport,youwillheartwoorthreequestions.Boththenewsreportandthenquestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions1and2arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.A)Hesetarecordbeswimmingtoandfromanisland.Hecelebratedninthbirthdayonasmallisland.Hevisitedaprisonlocatedonafarawayisland.HeswamaroundanislandnearSanFrancisco.A)Hedoubledthereward.Hecheeredhimonalltheway.Hesethimanexample.HehadtheeventcoveredonTV.Questions3and4arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.A)Toendtheone-childpolicy.Toencouragelatemarriage.Toincreaseworkingefficiency.Togivepeoplemoretimetotravel.A)Theywillnotbewelcomedbyyoungpeople.Theywillhelptopopularizeearlymarriage.TheywillboostChina'seconomicgrowth.Theywillnotcomintoimmediateeffect.Questions5to7arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.A)Cleaningserviceingreatdemandallovertheworld.Twoladiesgivingupwell-paidjobstodocleaning.Anewcompanytocleanupthemessafterparties.Cleanersgainfullyemployedatnightsandweekends.A)Ittakesalotoftimetoprepare.Itleavesthehouseinamess.Itmakespartygoersexhausted.Itcreatesnoiseandmisconduct.A)HireanAustralianlawyer.VisittheU.S.andCanada.Settlealegaldispute.Expandtheirbusiness.SectionBDirections:Inthissection,youwillheartwolongconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,youwillhearfourquestions.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions8to11arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.A)Hehadadrivinglesson.Hegothisdriver'slicense.Hetookthedriver'stheoryexam.Hepassedthedriver'sroadtest.A)Hewasnotwellprepared.Hedidnotgettotheexamintime.Hewasnotusedtothetestformat.Hedidnotfollowthetestprocedure.A)Theyaretough.Theyarecostly.Theyarehelpful.Theyaretooshort.A)Passhisroadtestthefirsttime.Test-driveafewtimesonhighways.Findanexperienceddrivinginstructor.Earnenoughmoneyfordrivinglessons.Questions12to15arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.A)Wherethewomanstudies.TheacceptancerateatLeeds.Leeds'tuitionforinternationalstudents.Howtoapplyforstudiesatauniversity.A)ApplytoanAmericanuniversity.Doresearchonhighereducation.Performinafamousmusical.Pursuepostgraduatestudies.A)Hisfavorablerecommendations.Hisoutstandingmusicaltalent.Hisacademicexcellence.Hisuniqueexperience.A)Doamaster'sdegree.SettledowninEngland.Travelwidely.Teachoverseas.SectionCDirections:Inthissection,youwillhearthreepassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearthreeorfourquestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions16to18arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.A)Theyhelpfarmerskeepdiseasesincheck.Manyspeciesremainunknowntoscientists.Onlyafewspeciescausetroubletohumans.Theyliveinincrediblywell-organizedcolonies.A)Theyarelargerthanmanyotherspecies.Theycancausedamagetopeople'shomes.Theycansurvivealongtimewithoutwater.Theyliketoformcoloniesinelectricalunits.A)Denythemaccesstoanyfood.Keepdoorsandwindowsshut.Destroytheircoloniescloseby.Refrainfromeatingsugaryfood.Questions19to21arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.A)Thefunctionofthehumanimmunesystem.PartIIIPartIIIReadingComprehension(40minutes)Thecauseofvariousauto-immunediseases.Thevirusesthatmayinfectthehumanimmunesystem.Thechangeinpeople'simmunesystemastheygetolder.A)Reporttheirillnesses.Offerbloodsamples.Actasresearchassistants.Helptointerviewpatients.A)Strengtheningpeople'simmunitytoinfection.Betterunderstandingpatients'immunesystem.Helpingimproveoldpeople'shealthconditions.Furtherreducingoldpatients'medicalexpenses.Questions22to25arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.A)Hisstudentshadtroublegettingonwitheachother.Alotofkidsstayedatschooltodotheirhomework.Hisstudentswerestrugglingtofollowhislessons.Agroupofkidswereplayingchessafterschool.A)VisitachessteaminNashville.Jointheschool'schessteam.Participateinanationalchesscompetition.Receivetrainingforachesscompetition.A)Mostofthemcomefromlow-incomefamilies.Manyhavebecomenationalchesschampions.Acoupleofthemhavegotinvolvedincrimes.Manybecamechesscoachesaftergraduation.A)Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.Thinktwicebeforetakingaction.Translatetheirwordsintoaction.Takeactionbeforeitgetstoolate.SectionADirections：Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemAnnwerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.ThecenterofAmericanautomobileinnovationhasinthepastdecademoved2,000milesaway.Ithas26fromDetroittoSiliconValley,whereself-drivingvehiclesarecomingintolife.Ina27totakeproductionbacktoDetroit,Michiganlawmakershaveintroduced28thatcouldmaketheirstatethebestplaceinthecountry,ifnottheworld,todevelopself-drivingvehiclesandputthemontheroad.“Michigan's29inautoresearchanddevelopmentisunderattackfromseveralstatesandcountrieswhichdesireto30ourleadershipintransportation.Wecan'tlethappen,”saysSenatorMikeKowall,thelead31offourbillsrecentlyintroduced.Ifallfourbillspassaswritten,theywould32asubstantialupdateofMichigan's2013lawthatallowedthetestingofself-drivingvehiclesinlimitedconditions.Manufacturerwouldhavenearlytotalfreedomtotesttheirself-drivingtechnologyonpublicroads.Theywouldbeallowedtosendgroupsofself-drivingcarsoncross-stateroadtrips,andevenseton-demand33ofself-drivingcars,liketheoneGeneralMotorsandLyftarebuilding.LawmakersinMichiganclearlywanttomakethestatereadyforthecommercialapplicationofself-drivingtechnology.In34,California,homeofSiliconValley,recentlyproposedfarmore35rulesthatwouldrequirehumandriversbereadytotakethewheel,andcommercialuseofself-drivingtechnology.bidcontrastdeputydominancefleetsknotslegislationmigratedreplacerepresentk)restrictiverewardM)significantN)sponsorO)transmitted【参考答案】26-30HAGDI31-35NJEBKSectionBDirections:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoeachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet.2HowWorkWillChangeWhenMostofUsLiveto100TodayintheUnitedStatesthereare72,000centenarians（百岁老人）.Worldwide,Probably450,000.Ifcurrenttrendscontinue,thenby2050therewillbemorethanamillionintheUSalone.AccordingtotheworkofProfessorJamesVaupelandhisco-researchers,50%ofbabiesbornintheUSin2007havealifeexpectancyof104ormore.BroadlythesameholdsfortheUK,Germany,France,ItalyandCanada,andforJapan50%of2007babiescanexpecttoliveto107.Understandably,thereareconcernsaboutwhatthismeansforpublicfinancesgiventheassociatedhealthandpensionchallenges.Thesechallengesarereal,andsocietyurgentlyneedstoaddressthem.Butitisalsoimportanttolookatthewiderpictureofwhathappenswhensomanypeoplelivefor100years.Itisamistaketosimplyequatelongevity（长寿）withissuesofoldage.Longerliveshaveimplicationsforalloflife,notjusttheendofit.Ourviewisthatifmanypeoplearelivingforlonger,andarehealthierforlonger,thenthiswillresultinaninevitableredesignofworkandlife.Whenpeoplelivelonger,theyarenotonlyolderforlonger,butalsoyoungerforlonger.Thereissometruthinthesayingthat“70isthenew60'or“40thenew30."Ifyouagemoreslowlyoveralongertimeperiod,thenyouareinsomesenseyoungerforlonger.Butthechangesgofurtherthanthat.Take,forinstance,theageatwhichpeoplemakecommitmentssuchasbuyingahouse,gettingmarried,havingchildren,orstartingacareer.Theseareallfundamentalcommitmentsthatarenowoccurringlaterinlife.In1962,50%ofAmericansweremarriedbyage21.By2014,thatmilestone（里程碑）hadshiftedtoage29.Whiletherearenumerousfactorsbehindtheseshifts,onefactorissurelyagrowingrealizationfortheyoungthattheyaregoingtolivelonger.Optionsaremorevaluablethelongertheycanbeheld.Soifyoubelieveyouwilllivelonger,thenoptionsbecomemorevaluable,andarlycommitmentbecomeslessattractive.Theresultisthatthecommitmentsthatpreviouslycharacterizedthebeginningofadulthoodarenowbeingdelayed,andnewpatternsofbehaviorandanewstageoflifeareemergingforthoseintheirtwenties.Longevityalsopushesbacktheageofretirement,andnotonlyforfinancialreasons.Yes,unlesspeoplearepreparedtosavealotmore,ourcalculationssuggestthatifyouarenowinyourmid—40s,thenyouarelikelytoworkuntilyourearly70s;andifyouareinyourearly20s,thereisarealchanceyouwillneedtoworkuntilyourlate70sorpossiblyevenintoyour80s.Butevenifpeopleareabletoeconomicallysupportaretirementat65,overthirtyyearsofpotentialinactivityisharmfultocognitive（认知的）andemotionalvitality.Manypeoplemaysimplynotwanttodoit.Andyetthatdoesnotmeanthatsimplyextendingourcareersisappealing.Justlengtheningthatsecondstageoffull-timeworkmaysecurethefinancialassetsneededfora100-yearlife,butsuchpersistentworkwillinevitablyexhaustpreciousintangibleassetssuchasproductiveskills,vitality,happiness,andfriendship.Thesameistrueforeducation.Itisimpossiblethatasingleshotofeducation,administeredinchildhoodandearlyadulthood,willbeabletosupportasustained,60-yearcareer.Ifyoufactorintheprojectedratesoftechnologicalchange,eitheryourskillswillbecomeunnecessary,oryourindustryoutdated.Thatmeansthateveryonewill,atsomepointintheirlife,havetomakeanumberofmajorreinvestmentsintheirskills.A.Itseemslikely,then,thatthetraditionalthree-stagelifewillevolveintomultiplestagescontainingtwo,three,orovenmoredifferentcareers.Eachofthesestagescouldpotentiallybedifferent.Inonethefocuscouldbeonbuildingfinancialsuccessandpersonalachievement,inanotheroncreatingabetterwork/lifebalance,stillanotheronexploringandunderstandingoptionsmorefully,orbecominganindependentproducer,yetanotheronmakingasociaContribution.Thesestageswillspansectors,takepeopletodifferentcities,andprovideFoundationforbuildingawidevarietyofskills.J）Transitionsbetweenstagescouldbemarkedwithsabbaticals（休假）aspeoplefindtimrestandrechargetheirhealth,re-investintheirrelationships,orimprovetheirskills.Attimes,thesebreaksandtransitionswillbeself-determined,atotherstheywillbeforcedasexistingroles,firms,orindustriesceasetoexist.K）Amulti-stagelifewillhaveprofoundchangesnotjustinhowyoumanageyourcareer,butalsoinyourapproachtolife.Anincreasinglyimportantskillwillbeyourabilitytodealwithchangeandevenwelcomeit.Athree-stagelifehasfewtransitions,whileamulti-stagelifehasmany.Thatiswhybeingself-aware,investinginbroadernetworksoffriends,andbeingopentonewideaswillbecomeevenmorecrucialskills.Thesemulti-stageliveswillcreateextraordinaryvarietyacrossgroupsofpeoplesimplybecausetherearesomanywaysofsequencingthestages.Morestagesmeanmorepossiblesequences.M)Withthisvarietywillcometheendofthecloseassociationofageandstage.Inathree-stagelife,peopleleaveuniversityatthesametimeandthesameage,theytendtostarttheircareersandfamilyatthesameage,theyproceedthroughmiddlemanagementallroughlythesametime,andthenmoveintoretirementwithinafewyearsofeachother.Inamulti-stagelife,youcouldbeanundergraduateat20,40,or60;amanagerat30,50,or70;andbecomeanindependentproduceratanyage.N)Currentlifestructures,careerpaths,educationalchoices,andsocialnormsareoutoftunewiththeemergingrealityoflongerlifespans.Thethree-stagelifeoffull-timeeducation,followedbycontinuouswork,andthencompleteretirementmayhaveworkedforourparentsorevengrandparents,butitisnotrelevanttoday.Webelievethattofocusonlongevityasprimarilyanissueofagingistomissitsfullimplications.Longevityisnotnecessarilyaboutbeingolderforlonger.Itisaboutlivinglonger,beingolderlater,andbeingyoungerlonger.Anextendedlifespaninthefuturewillallowpeopletohavemorecareersthannow.Justextendingone'scareermayhavebothpositiveandnegativeeffects.Nowadays,manyAmericanshaveonaveragedelayedtheirmarriagebysomeeightyears.Becauseoftheirlongerlifespan,youngpeopletodaynolongerfollowthepatternoflifeoftheirparentsorgrandparents.Manymorepeoplewillbeexpectedtoliveover100bythemid-21stcentury.Alongerlifewillcauseradicalchangesinpeople'sapproachtolife.Fasttechnologicalchangemakesitnecessaryforonetoconstantlyupgradetheirskills.Manypeoplemaynotwanttoretireearlybecauseitwoulddoharmtotheirmentalandemotionalwell-being.Thecloselinkbetweenageandstagemayceasetoexistinamulti-stagelife.Peoplelivingalongerandhealthierlifewillhavetorearrangetheirworkandlife.【参考答案】36-40IGDNA41-45KHFMCSectionCDirections:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA）,B）,C）andD）.YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOneQuestions46to50arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Intheclassicmarriagevow（誓约），couplespromisetostaytogetherinsicknessandinhealth.Butanewstudyfindsthattheriskofdivorceamongoldercouplesriseswhenthewife-notthehusband—becomesseriouslyill.“Marriedwomendiagnosedwithaserioushealthconditionmayfindthemselvesstrugglingwiththeimpactoftheirdiseasewhilealsoexperiencingthestressofdivorce,"saidresearcherAmeliaKarraker.Karrakerandco-authorKenzieLathamanalyzed20yearsofdataon2,717marriagesfromastudyconductedbyIndianaUniversitysince1992.Atthetimeofthefirstinterview,atleastoneofthepartnerswasovertheageof50.Theresearchersexaminedhowtheonset（发生）offourseriousphysicalillnessesaffectedmarriages.Theyfoundthat,overall,31%ofmarriagesendedindivorceovertheperiodstudied.Theincidenceofnewchronic（慢性的）illnessonsetincreasedovertimeaswill,withmorehusbandsthanwivesdevelopingserioushealthproblems.“Wefoundthatwomenaredoublyvulnerabletomaritalbreak-upinthefaceofillness,"Karrakersaid.“They'remorelikelytobewidowed,andiftheyrethenoeswhobecomeill,they'remorelikelytogetdivorced."Whilethestudydidn'tassesswhydivorceinmorelikelywhenwivesbutnothusbandsbecomeseriouslyill,Karrakeroffersafewpossiblereasons.“Gendernormsandsocialexpectationsaboutcaregivingmanymakeitmoredifficultformentoprovidecaretosickspouses,"Karrakersaid.“Andbecauseoftheimbalanceinmarriagemarkets,especiallyinolderages,divorcedmenhavemorechoicesamongprospectivepartnersthandivorcedwomen."Giventheincreasingconcernabouthealthcarecostsfortheagingpopulation,Karrakerbelievespolicymakersshouldbeawareoftherelationshipbetweendiseaseandriskofdivorce.“Offeringsupportservicestospousescaringfortheirotherhalvesmayreducemaritalstressandpreventdivorceatolderages,"shesaid.“Butit'salsoimportanttorecognizethatthepressuretodivorcemaybehealth-relatedandthatsickex-wivesmayneedadditionalcareandservicestopreventworseninghealthandincreasedhealthcosts."Whatcanwelearnaboutmarriagevowsfromthepassage?A）Theymaynotguaranteealastingmarriage.Theyareasbindingastheyusedtobe.Theyarenottakenseriouslyanymore.Theymayhelpcouplestideoverhardtimes.WhatdidKarrakerandco-authorKenzieLathamfindaboutelderlyhusbands?Theyaregenerallynotgoodattakingcareofthemselves.Theycanbecomeincreasinglyvulnerabletoseriousillnesses.Theycandevelopdifferentkindsofillnessesjustliketheirwives.Theyaremorelikelytocontractseriousillnessesthantheirwives.WhatdoesKarrakersayaboutwomenwhofallill?Theyaremorelikelytobewidowed.Theyaremorelikelytogetdivorced.Theyarelesslikelytoreceivegoodcare.Theyarelesslikelytobothertheirspouses.WhyisitmoredifficultformentotakecareoftheirsickspousesaccordingtoKarraker?Theyaremoreaccustomedtoreceivingcare.Theyfinditmoreimportanttomakemoneyforthefamily.Theythinkitmoreurgenttofulfilltheirsocialobligations.Theyexpectsocietytodomoreofthejob.WhatdoesKarrakerthinkisalsoimportant?Reducingmaritalstressonwives.Stabilizingoldcouples'srelations.Providingextracarefordivorcedwomen.Makingmenpayfortheirwives'healthcosts.PassageTwoQuestions51to55arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Ifyouwerelikemostchildren,youprobablygotupsetwhenyourmothercalledyoubyasibling's(兄弟姐妹的)name.Howcouldshenotknowyou?Diditmeanshelovedyouless?Probablynot.Accordingtothefirstresearchtotacklethistopichead-on,misnamingthemostfamiliarpeopleinourlifeisacommoncognitive(认知的)errorthathastodowithhowourmemoriesclassifyandstorefamiliarnames.Thestudy,publishedonlineinAprilinthejournalMemoryandCognitionfoundthatthe“wrong"nameisnotrandombutisinvariablyfishedoutfromthesamerelationshippond:children,siblings,friends.Thestudydidnotexaminethepossibilityofdeeppsychologicalsignificancetothemistake,sayspsychologistDavidRubin,“butitdoestelluswho'sinandwho'soutofthegroup."Thestudyalsofoundthatwithinthatgroup,misnamingsoccurredwherethenamessharedinitialorinternalsounds,likeJimmyindJoanieorJohnandBob.Physicalresemblancebetweenpeoplewasnotafactor.Norwasgender.Theresearchersconductedfiveseparatesurveysofmorethan1,700people.Someofthesurveysincludedonlycollegestudents;othersweredonewithamixed-agepopulation.Someaskedsubjectsaboutincidentswheresomeoneclosetothem—familyorfriend—hadcalledthembyanotherperson'sname.Theothersurveysaskedabouttimeswhensubjectshadthemselvescalledsomeoneclosetothembythewrongname.Allthesurveysfoundthatpeoplemixedupnameswithinrelationshipgroupssuchasgrandchildren,friendsandsiblingsbuthardlyevercrossedtheseboundaries.Ingeneral,thestudyfoundthatundergr