考研考博-英语-六盘水师范学院考试押题卷含答案详解2

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-六盘水师范学院考试押题卷含答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共100题)1.单选题

Envyhasbecomeadrivewheelofourmodernworld.Itisthepassionthatgovernsoureconomiclife.Moderncapitalismreliesonitsabilitytocreateandincreasescarcityanditthereforedependslargelyontheomnipresenceofenvy.Inaffluentsocietiestheavailabilityofmaterialgoodsincreasesthedemandforpositionalgoodsbasedonsocialscarcity.Mostoftenitis“envy，emulation,orpride”creatingthiskindofscarcity,inwhichsatisfactionisderivedfromrelativepositionalone,beinginfront,orfrombeingbehind.”Aslongaspeopledesirewhatothersdesirescarcitywillbethenever-endingconditionofourlivesthatkeepsoureconomyrunning.Throughenvynearlyanyobjectcanturnintoadesirablecommoditypromisingunendinghappiness.

Modernadvertisingisthebestexampletoillustratetheimportanceofenvytokeepoureconomygoing.Advertisingusesenvytomakecommoditiesdesirable.Posters,announcementsandTV-spotsshowusenviablepeoplewhohavethosethingsandgoodswelackbutnonethelessneedtogainhappiness.Advertisementsellsproductswiththehelpofenviouscontagion.Mostofthetimeenvyitselfremainshiddenandisnotdirectlymentionedincommercials.Buteventhismaynolongerbetrue.Envyseemstoloseitstraditionalbadreputation.Moreandmorecommercialsdirectlyrefertoenvytomaketheircommoditiesmoredesirable.Themostwell-knownexampleofanopenreferencetoenvyisaperfumeproducedbytheItaliancompanyGucciwiththebrandname“Envy”promisingthatyouwillnotonlybeenviedforsomeexternalobjectthatbelongstoyoubutforyourveryself-embodiedinaseductivefragrance.

Thoseofyoufamiliarwithtraditionaldefinitionsofenvyandemulationmay,however,questionmythesisthatourmoderneconomyisdrivenbyenvy.Isitreallyenvythatgovernsoureconomyorwouldnotemulationbeamoreappropriateandlessmoralizingterm?Thereisaneasyanswertothisquestion.Inparallelwiththeemergenceofourmodernworldandtheriseofcapitalismthetraditionaldistinctionbetweenbadenvyandgoodemulationhasslowlylostitsmeaning.WhereImmanuelKant,forinstance,referstothepassionsnatureusestoturnasheepish,idleandinactiveArcadiaintoaprosperousculturehereferstoan“enviouslycompetitivevanity”thatnolongerallowsaneatdistinctionbetweenenvyandemulationbutmentionsaformofhumandesirecomprisingboththesetraditionallydistinguishedemotions.

1.Envyisthedrivingforceofmoderneconomicdevelopmentbecause（）.

2.Whatistheessenceofenvythatkeepseconomygoing?

3.Whatistheillusionadvertisementbringstoitsconsumers?

4.TaketheItalianperfume“Envy”foranexample,theword“envy”（）.

5.Accordingtothepassage,whatisbadenvy?

6.AccordingtoKant,thecommonnessbetweenenvyandemulationis（）.

问题1选项

A.itgivesrisetomodernconsumerism

B.iturgespeopletopossessmoreandbettergoods

C.itistheprerequisiteofhighproductivity

D.thepassionofithelpsproducemoregoods

问题2选项

A.Thepursuitofvanity.

B.Thewishoftheprosperityofproducts.

C.Thecreativityofadvertisements.

D.Thefulfillmentofambition.

问题3选项

A.Onlythoseadvertisedgoodsaretrustworthy.

B.Togetwhathasbeenadvertisedistogainhappiness.

C.Tohaveafeelingthatonehasbecomethebestintheworld.

D.Themoreonepossesses,thehigherpositionhewillhave.

问题4选项

A.meansmorepositivelynow

B.hastotallydifferentmeaningnow

C.hasbeenfullytakenadvantageof

D.canembodyabetterself

问题5选项

A.Thefeelingthatforcesustopreventotherspossessingthegoods.

B.Thefeelingthatmakesustrytoobtainthegoodsoftheother.

C.Astrongdesireforwhatotherspossess.

D.Anyoftheabove-mentionedfeelings.

问题6选项

A.moralization

B.competitiveness

C.vanity

D.passion

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:A

第3题:B

第4题:C

第5题:D

第6题:D

【解析】1.细节事实题。文章第一段提到现在资本主义依赖于它创造和增加稀缺的能力，在很大程度上依赖于无处不在的嫉妒（Moderncapitalismreliesonitsabilitytocreateandincreasescarcityanditthereforedependslargelyontheomnipresenceofenvy），通过嫉妒几乎所有的商品都可能转化成令人向往的商品（Throughenvynearlyanyobjectcanturnintoadesirablecommoditypromisingunendinghappiness），由此可知嫉妒能够促使人们去拥有更多更好的商品，因此选项B符合题意。

2.判断推理题。文章第一段倒数第二句话提到只要人们渴望别人渴望的东西，我们生活中稀缺的商品就不会有止境，这样我们的经济就能得以运转（Aslongaspeopledesirewhatothersdesirescarcitywillbethenever-endingconditionofourlivesthatkeepsoureconomyrunning），因此选项A”追求虚荣”符合题意。

3.判断推理题。文章第二段第三句话提到海报、公告和电视广告像我们展示了令人嫉妒的人拥有我们没有的但需要有的东西，通过拥有这些东西可以获得幸福（Posters,announcementsandTV-spotsshowusenviablepeoplewhohavethosethingsandgoodswelackbutnonethelessneedtogainhappiness），因此选项B”得到广告中的东西就能得到幸福”就是广告给消费者带来的幻觉。

4.判断推理题。文章倒数第二段提到嫉妒似乎失去了它传统的坏名声，越来越多的广告直接提到嫉妒，使他们的商品更受欢迎，其中一个著名的例子就是意大利Gucci公司生产的一款名为”Envy”的香水。由此可知越来越多的广告直接将这个词当成了卖点，因此选项C符合题意。

5.判断推理题。文章中广告利用的嫉妒心与传统意义上的坏的嫉妒是不一样的，广告利用的嫉妒心是指你受人嫉妒的不仅是你所拥有的东西，还有这个东西所代表的自我（youwillnotonlybeenviedforsomeexternalobjectthatbelongstoyoubutforyourveryself-embodiedinaseductivefragrance），因此除此之外的嫉妒都可算作badenvy。因此选项D符合题意。

6.细节事实题。文章最后一段提到激情（嫉妒）把一个怯弱的、无所事事的世外桃源变成了一种繁荣的文化，他称其为”嫉妒的、攀比的虚荣”，使得嫉妒与模仿之间没有明确的界限（WhereImmanuelKant,forinstance,referstothepassionsnatureusestoturnasheepish,idleandinactiveArcadiaintoaprosperousculturehereferstoan“enviouslycompetitivevanity”thatnolongerallowsaneatdistinctionbetweenenvyandemulation），因此选项D符合题意。

2.单选题

Sofast（

）thatitisdifficultforustoimagineitsspeed.

问题1选项

A.haslighttraveled

B.lighttravels

C.doeslighttravel

D.travelslight

【答案】C

【解析】考查倒装句。由so/such…that…结构中的so或such与其修饰成分位于句首表示强调时，主句要进行倒装，因此选项C符合题意。

3.单选题

Althoughthisbookclaimstobeabiographyofwriter,manyoftheincidentsare（）.

问题1选项

A.fascinating

B.fictitious

C.factious

D.fastidious

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项fascinating“迷人的，吸引人的”；B选项fictitious“虚构的，编造的”；C选项factious“好捣乱的”；D选项fastidious“挑剔的”。句意：虽然这本书自称是作者的传记，但许多事件都是虚构的。选项B符合语境。

4.单选题

Scientistshavelongunderstoodthatsupermassiveblackholesweighingmillionsorbillionsofsunscantearapartstarsthatcometooclose.Theblackhole'sgravitypullsharderonthenearestpartofthestar,animbalancethatpullsthestarapartoveraperiodofminutesorhours,onceitgetscloseenough.

Scientistssaythisunevenpullingisnottheonlyhazardfacingthestar.Thestrainoftheseunbalancedforcescanalsotriggeranuclearexplosionpowerfulenoughtodestroythestarfromwithin.MatthieuBrassartandJean-PierreLuminetoftheObservatoiredeParisinMeudon,France,carriedoutcomputersimulationsofthefinalmomentsofsuchanunfortunatestar'slife,asitveeredtowardsasupermassiveblackhole.

Whenthestargetscloseenough,theunevenforcesflattenitintoapancakeshape.Somepreviousstudieshadsuggestedthisflatteningwouldincreasethedensityandtemperatureinsidethestarenoughtotriggerintensenuclearreactionsthatwouldtearitapart.Butotherstudieshadsuggestedthatthepicturewouldbecomplicatedbyshockwavesgeneratedduringtheflatteningprocessandthatnonuclearexplosionshouldoccur.

Thenewsimulationsinvestigatedtheeffectsofshockwavesindetail,andfoundthatevenwhentheireffectsareincluded,theconditionsfavoranuclearexplosion."Therewillbeanexplosionofthestar—itwillbecompletelydestroyed,"Brassartsays.Althoughtheexplosionobliteratesthestar,itsavessomeofthestar'smatterfrombeingdevouredbytheblackhole.Theexplosionispowerfulenoughtohurlmuchofthestar'smatteroutoftheblackhole'sreach,hesays.

Thedevouringofstarsbyblackholesmayalreadyhavebeenobserved,althoughatamuchlaterstage.Itisthoughtthatseveralmonthsaftertheeventthatripsthestarapart,itsmatterstartsswirlingintotheholeitself.Itheatsupasitdoesso,releasingultravioletlightandX-rays.

Ifstarsdisruptednearblackholesreallydoexplode,thentheycouldinprincipleallowtheseeventstobedetectedatamuchearlierstage,saysJulesHatpernofColumbiaUniversityinNewYork,US."Itmaymakeitpossibletoseethedisruptionofthatstarimmediatelyifitgetshotenough,"hesays.

Brassartagrees."PerhapsitcanbeobservedintheX-raysandgammarays,butit'ssomethingthatneedstobemorestudiedhesays.SupernovaresearcherChrisFryeroftheLosAlamosNationalLaboratoryinLosAlamos,NewMexico,US,saysthedeathsofthesestarsaredifficulttosimulate,andheisnotsurewhethertheresearchershaveproventheircasethattheyexplodeintheprocess.

1.Somethingdestructivecouldhappentoastarthatgetstooclosetoablackhole.WhichofthefollowingdestructivestatementsisNOTmentionedinthepassage?

2.Accordingtothethirdparagraph,researchersdifferedfromeachotherintheproblemof（）.

3.Accordingtothefourthparagraph,whichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?

4.Whatwillhappenseveralmonthsaftertheexplosionofthestar?

5.Accordingtothecontext,theword"disruption"inParagraph6means（）.

问题1选项

A.Theblackholecouldtearapartthestar.

B.Theblackholecouldtriggeranuclearexplosioninthestar.

C.Theblackholecoulddwindleitssizeconsiderably.

D.Theblackholecoulddevourthestar.

问题2选项

A.whethernuclearreactionwouldoccur

B.whetherthestarswouldincreaseitsdensityandtemperature

C.whethershockwaveswouldoccur

D.whethertheunevenforceswouldflattenthestars

问题3选项

A.Nonuclearexplosionwouldbetriggeredinsidethestar.

B.Thestarwouldbedestroyedcompletely.

C.Muchofthestar'smatterthrownbytheexplosionwouldbebeyondtheblackhole'sreach.

D.Theblackholewouldcompletelydevourthestar.

问题4选项

A.Thestar'smatterwillmovefurtherawayfrombytheblackhole.

B.Theblackhole'smatterwillheatup.

C.Thetomstar'smatterwillswirlintotheblackhole.

D.Theblackhole'smatterwillreleaseultravioletlightandX-rays.

问题5选项

A.confusion

B.tearingapart

C.interruption

D.flattening

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:A

第3题:D

第4题:C

第5题:B

【解析】第1题:事实细节题。第一段的第一句"Scientists...thatcometooclose."和选项A相对应；第二段的第二句"Thestrain...fromwithin."和选项B相对应；第五段的第一句"Thedevouring...atamuchlaterstage."与选项D相对应。选项C在文中没有提及。

第2题:信息推断题。根据第三段的内容可知，之前的研究认为当恒星被压扁会增加内部的密度和温度，足以引发剧烈的核反应发生爆炸，但是其他研究表明，在压扁过程中产生的冲击波会使情况变得复杂，不会发生核爆炸。由此推断，研究人员在是否会发生核反应的问题上意见不一。选项A正确。

第3题:根据第三段的内容可知，发生爆炸的不是恒星的内部，所以选项A正确；根据第四段的第二句“Therewillbeanexplosionofthestar—itwillbecompletelydestroyed.”可知选项B正确；根据第四段的最后一句“Theexplosionispowerfulenoughtohurlmuchofthestar'smatteroutoftheblackhole'sreach.”可知选项C正确；根据第四段的第三句“Althoughtheexplosion...bytheblackhole.”爆炸尽管会摧毁恒星,但也会使恒星的一些物质免于被黑洞吞没。所以选项D错误。

第4题:事实细节题。根据第五段的第二句"...itsmatterstartsswirlingintotheholeitself."它（恒星）的物质开始旋转进入黑洞。选项C正确。

第5题:词汇推断题。disruption的动词形式是disrupt，意为瓦解，分裂。选项B正确。

5.单选题

[A]Amilk[B]canprovideprotein[C]foracheap,[D]nutritionallybalanceddiet.

问题1选项

A.A

B.canprovide

C.foracheap

D.nutritionally

【答案】A

【解析】【考查点】冠词的使用。

【解题思路】Milk（牛奶）是不可数名词，因此不能用不定冠词a修饰，故去掉a。该题选择A项。

【句意】牛奶可以提供蛋白质，提供便宜、营养均衡的饮食。

6.单选题

“Veryfewpeopleliketotalkabouthowmuchmoneytheymake—especiallypeoplewhoearnalotofmoney,”wroteSalmoninhispostWhySalariesShouldn’tBeSecret,inthewakeofnewsthatrecently—departedNewYorkTimeseditorJillAbramsonhadstartedaskingquestionsaboutthepaydiscrepancybetweenherandherpredecessor.“Sincecompaniestendtoberunbypeoplewhoearnalotofmoney,theresultisacultureofsilenceandsecrecywhenitcomestopay.”

Thereareseveralsurprisingreasons.“Secrecysurroundingpayisgenerallyabadideaforanyorganizations,”Salmonwrote.“Foronething,secrecyaboutpayisbadforwomen,whoareworseataskingforraisesthanmenare.Ifmensecretlyaskforraisesandsecretlygetthen,whilewomendon’t,thenthathelpstoexplain,atleastinpart,whymenendupearningmorethanwomen,”Salmonwrote.“Secrecyaroundpayisalsoagreatwaytoallowmanagersto—consciouslyorunconsciously—playfavoriteswiththeirstaff.”

“We’veallworkedincompanies,I’msure,wheretheonlywaytogetasubstantialraiseistoconfrontmanagementwithajobofferfromsomewhereelse,”headded.“That’sclearlyadreadfulwaytorunacompany,sinceitgivesallemployeesahugeincentivetospendalotoftimelookingforworkelsewhere,evenifthey’rehappywheretheyare.”

“Ifyouworkforacompanywhereeverybodyknowswhateverybodyelseisearning,thenit’sgoingtobeveryeasytoseewhat’sgoingon.You’llseewhothestarsare,you’llseewhatkindofskillsandtalentthecompanyrewards,”hewrote.“You’llalsoseewhethermengetpaidmorethanwomen,whethermanagersaregenerallyoverpaid,andwhetherbehaviorlikethreateningtoquitisrewardedwithbigraises.What’smore,becausemanagementknowsthateverybodyelsewillseesuchthings,they’llbemuchlesslikelytodothekindofsecretdealswhicharealltoocommoninmostcompaniestoday.”

1.Whatdowelearnfromthefirstparagraph?

2.WhatisapossiblereasonwhymenusuallyearnmorethanwomenaccordingtoSalmon?

3.Theitalicizedphrase“playfavoriteswith”mostlikelymeansto______.

4.Anotherbigproblemsecrecyaboutpaymightcauseis______.

5.WhatdoesSalmonsuggestmighthappenifthereisnosecrecyinpay?

问题1选项

A.Salmonisthefirstwriterwhoputforwardthequestionofpaydiscrepancy.

B.JillAbramsonleftNewYorkTimeswhensheknewthatdifferenceinpay.

C.Managersseldomtalkabouttheirpaybecauseitisatraditionnotto.

D.JillAbramsondidn’tgetthesamepaywithsomeonewhodidthesamejob.

问题2选项

A.Menaremorelikelytogetthetrustoftheirboss.

B.Managerstendtothinkmenaremorecapablethanwomen.

C.Menexpectmorepressureonthebossforpayraisethanwomen.

D.Menaremorelikelytomakesecretdealwiththemanageraboutpay.

问题3选项

A.makesecretdealswith

B.treatdifferently

C.showprejudiceagainst

D.cheat

问题4选项

A.employees’lackoffullcommitment

B.lowproductivity

C.unhappyemployees

D.frequentconfrontations

问题5选项

A.Managerswillearnlessthantheydotoday.

B.Employeeswillbemoreskilledthantoday.

C.Itwillbeclearwhotheboss’sfavoriteis.

D.Thecompanywillbecomeafairerplacethantoday.

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:D

第3题:A

第4题:C

第5题:D

【解析】1.细节事实题。根据题干可定位到文章第一段“Sincecompaniestendtoberunbypeoplewhoearnalotofmoney,theresultisacultureofsilenceandsecrecywhenitcomestopay.（由于公司往往是由赚大钱的人经营的，其结果是在薪酬方面形成了一种沉默和保密的文化。）”，由此可知C选项“经理们很少谈论他们的薪酬，因为这是一种传统”正确。A选项“萨尔蒙是第一个提出工资差距问题的作家”文中没有说到；B选项“吉尔•艾布拉姆森知道工资的差别后离开了《纽约时报》”文章也没有明确说到这二者有因果关系；D选项“吉尔•艾布拉姆森没有和做同样工作的人得到同样的报酬”说法错误，文中只提到吉尔•艾布拉姆森质疑她和自己前辈的工资差异，并没有说到他们是否是做的同样的工作，因此C选项正确。

2.细节事实题。根据题干可定位到文章第二段“Foronething,secrecyaboutpayisbadforwomen,whoareworseataskingforraisesthanmenare.Ifmensecretlyaskforraisesandsecretlygetthen,whilewomendon’t,thenthathelpstoexplain,atleastinpart,whymenendupearningmorethanwomen.（一方面，工资保密对女性不利，因为女性比男性更不善于要求加薪。如果男人偷偷地要求加薪，然后偷偷地得到加薪，而女人却没有，那么这就有助于解释，至少在一定程度上，为什么男人最终会比女人挣得多。）”，由此可知D选项“男人更容易和经理就工资问题做秘密交易”正确。A选项“男人更容易得到老板的信任”；B选项“经理们倾向于认为男人比女人更有能力”以及C选项“男性施加给经理的加薪压力比女性更大”文章都没有提及，因此D选项正确。

3.语义推测题。根据题干可定位到文章第二段“Secrecyaroundpayisalsoagreatwaytoallowmanagersto—consciouslyorunconsciously—playfavoriteswiththeirstaff.（关于薪酬的保密也是一个很好的方法，可以让管理者有意识或无意识地与员工达成某种协议）”以及前文可知A选项“与……做秘密交易”与playfavoritewith意思更接近。B选项“区别对待”；C选项“对……有偏见”；D选项“欺骗”。因此A选项正确。

4.细节事实题。根据题干可定位到文章第三段“We’veallworkedincompanies,I’msure,wheretheonlywaytogetasubstantialraiseistoconfrontmanagementwithajobofferfromsomewhereelse,”headded.“That’sclearlyadreadfulwaytorunacompany,sinceitgivesallemployeesahugeincentivetospendalotoftimelookingforworkelsewhere,evenifthey’rehappywheretheyare.”（我敢肯定，我们都在一些公司工作过，要想获得大幅加薪，唯一的办法就是让管理层面对来自其他地方的工作邀请。这显然是一种可怕的管理公司的方式，因为这给了所有员工巨大的动力，让他们花大量时间在别处找工作，即使他们在那里很开心。）”，由此可知薪酬保密导致如果员工想加薪就只有不停地去别处找工作，从而导致员工的心情变差，影响工作效率，C选项“不开心的员工”符合题意。A选项“员工缺乏充分的承诺”；B选项“生产率低”以及D选项“频繁的对抗”文章都没有提及，因此C选项正确。

5.判断推理题。根据题干可定位到文章最后一段“You’llseewhothestarsare,you’llseewhatkindofskillsandtalentthecompanyrewards,”hewrote.“You’llalsoseewhethermengetpaidmorethanwomen,whethermanagersaregenerallyoverpaid,andwhetherbehaviorlikethreateningtoquitisrewardedwithbigraises.What’smore,becausemanagementknowsthateverybodyelsewillseesuchthings,they’llbemuchlesslikelytodothekindofsecretdealswhicharealltoocommoninmostcompaniestoday.”（你会看到最受老板青睐的是谁，你会看到公司奖励的是什么样的技能和才能。你还将看到，男性的薪酬是否高于女性，管理人员的薪酬是否普遍过高，以及威胁辞职等行为是否会得到大幅加薪的回报。更重要的是，因为管理层知道其他人都会看到这样的事情，所以他们不太可能做今天大多数公司都太常见的秘密交易。）”，由此可知如果薪酬不保密，公司内部的各种规则会更透明化，工资制度相对来说会更公平，D选项“公司将变得比今天更公平”符合题意。A选项“经理们的收入将比现在少”和B选项“员工们的技能会比今天更高”文章中并没有直接体现；C选项“老板最喜欢谁将一目了然”虽然文章有提到，但是不符合题意，因此D选项正确。

7.单选题

Manypeopleareaskingwhethertraditionalresearchuniversitiesinfacthaveanyfuture（）.

问题1选项

A.atall

B.sofar

C.inall

D.onend

【答案】A

【解析】考查词组辨析。atall“根本，究竟”；sofar“到目前为止”；inall“总共，合计”；onend“竖着，连续着”。句意：许多人在询问，传统的研究型大学实际上到底还有没有前途。A项符合题意。

8.翻译题

Formostpeople,shoppingisstillamatterofwanderingdownthestreetorloadingacartinashoppingmall.Soon,thatwillchange.1.Electroniccommerceisgrowingfastandwillsoonbringpeoplemorechoices.Therewill,however,beacost:protectingtheconsumerfromfraudwillbeharder.Manygovernmentsthereforewanttoextendhighstreetregulationstotheelectronicworld.Butpoliticianswouldbewisertoseecyberspaceasabasisforaneweraofcorporateself-regulation.

2.Consumersinrichcountrieshavegrownusedtotheideathatthegovernmenttakesresponsibilityforeverythingfromthestabilityofthebankstothesafetyofthedrugs,ortheirrightstorefundwhengoodsarefaulty.Butgovernmentscannotenforcenationallawsonbusinesseswhoseonlypresenceintheircountryisonthescreen.Othercountrieshaveregulators,buttherulesofconsumerprotectiondiffer,asdoesenforcement.Evenwhereaclearrighttocompensationexists,theonlinecataloguecustomerinTokyo,say,canhardlygotoNewYorktoextractarefundforadudpurchase.

3.Oneanswerisforgovernmentstocooperatemore:torecognizeeachother’srules.Butthatrequiresyearsofworkandvolumesofdetailedrules.4.Andplentyofcountrieshaverulestoofancifulforsoberstatestoaccept.Thereis,however,analternative.Lettheelectronicbusinessesdothe“regulation”themselves.Theydo,afterall,haveaself-interestindoingso.

5.Inelectroniccommerce,areputationforhonestdealingwillbeavaluablecompetitiveasset.Governments,too,maycompetetobetrusted.Forinstance,customersorderingmedicinesonlinemayprefertobuyfromtheUnitedStatesbecausetheytrusttherigorousscreeningoftheFoodandDrugAdministration;ortheymaydecidethattheFDA’srulesaretoostrict,andbuyfromSwitzerlandinstead.

【答案】1.电子商务发展很快，很快就会给人们带来更多的选择。然而这是有代价的：保护消费者不受欺诈将会更加困难。因此，许多政府想要将商业街法规扩展到电子世界。

2.富有国家的消费者已经习惯了这样一种观念，即政府应对一切事情负责，从银行的稳定性到药品的安全，或者他们在商品出现问题时退款的权利。但是，政府不能对那些仅在屏幕上出现的企业执行国家法律。

3.方法之一就是要求各国政府加强合作：承认彼此的规则。但这需要多年的工作和大量的详细规则。

4.许多国家的规则太荒谬，以致清醒的国家无法接受。但是，还有另一种选择。让电子商务自己进行“监管”。

5.在电子商务中，诚实交易的声誉将是一项宝贵的竞争资产。政府也可能为了获得信任而竞争。

9.单选题

Thetiesthatbindustogetherincommonactivityareso（）thattheycandisappearatanymoment.

问题1选项

A.trivial

B.fatal

C.tentative

D.feeble

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A项trivial“不重要的，琐碎的”，B项fatal“致命的，量大的”，C项tentative“试验性的，暂定的”，D项feeble“微弱的，无力的”。根据句子意思“把我们联系在一起从事共同活动的纽带是如此的（）以至于它们随时都可能消失”，把四个选项分别代入，只有feeble最符合句子意思。句意：把我们联系在一起从事共同活动的纽带是如此微弱，它们随时可能消失。因此，该题选择D项正确。

10.单选题

7.

问题1选项

A.Johnlikesgambling.

B.Johnisveryfondofhisnewboss.

C.Johnhasupsanddownsinthenewcompany.

D.Johnhasapromisingfutureinthenewcompany.

【答案】D

【解析】W:Johnwantstomoveupwardandonwardwithhisnewcompany.

M:Heiswellqualifiedandthebossisintohim.

W:Soyouthinkhewillachievehisgoal?

M:Yeah!Ibethewill.

Q:Whatdidthemanmean?

【解析】男士说John在新公司胜任新工作，受老板器重，并且肯定他会实现目标。

11.单选题

Manyproducts,includingprescriptiondrugs,areregulatedbythefederalgovernment.However,thestateshavelawsthatallowinjuredconsumerstosueamanufacturer.

问题1选项

A.complain

B.charge

C.execute

D.punish

【答案】B

【解析】【选项释义】

A.complain埋怨，发牢骚B.charge控告，起诉

C.execute（尤指依法）处决；实行，执行D.punish对……判罪

【答案】B

【考查点】动词辨析。

【解题思路】sue的意思为“控告，提起诉讼”，这里指各州的法律允许消费者起诉制造商，charge的词义与之相近，因此B选项正确。

【干扰项排除】A、C、D选项词义与之不符。

【句意】许多产品，包括处方药，都由联邦政府监管。然而，各州的法律允许权益受到侵害的消费者起诉制造商。

12.单选题

Plasticsarelighterandmore____resistantthanmetal,buttheyarenotusuallystrong.

问题1选项

A.contraction

B.collision

C.corrosion

D.corruption

【答案】C

【解析】【选项释义】

A.contraction收缩；缩小B.collision碰撞；冲突

C.corrosion腐蚀；侵蚀D.corruption腐败；堕落

【答案】C

【考查点】名词辨析。

【解题思路】句意：塑料比金属更轻，更耐……，但它们通常不坚固。由常识可知大部分塑料的抗腐蚀能力强，因此选C选项。

【干扰项排除】

A选项contraction“收缩；缩小”，根据常识可知塑料遇热易收缩，不符合句意。

B选项collision“碰撞；冲突”，主要指碰撞（或相撞）事故，不符合句意。

D选项corruption“腐败；堕落”不符合句意。

【句意】塑料比金属更轻，更耐腐蚀，但通常不坚固。

13.单选题

JohnaskedMary（）forherelectronicdictionary.

问题1选项

A.didshepayhowmuch

B.shepaidhowmuch

C.howmuchdidshepay

D.howmuchshepaid

【答案】D

【解析】考查宾语从句的用法。空格处所在句子为宾语从句，从句的语序应为：疑问词+主语+谓语。故D项正确。句意：John问Mary买的电子词典多少钱。

14.单选题

Amembershipcard（）theholdertousetheclub’sfacilitiesforaperiodoftwelvemonths.

问题1选项

A.approves

B.authorizes

C.rectifies

D.endows

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词辨析。A项approve“同意，赞成”，B项authorize“授权，认可”，C项rectify“纠正，改正”，D项endow“赋予，捐赠”。根据句子关键词membershipcard（会员卡）可知，空格部分表示“授权”，只有B项符合。句意：持卡人有权使用俱乐部的设施12个月。因此，该题选择B项正确。

15.单选题

Negativedatasurpriseshaveforcedmanytodowngradetheirforecastsforgrowthandpolicyimplications,especiallyintheUS.

问题1选项

A.reject

B.reduce

C.reform

D.reserve

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项reject“拒绝；排斥；抵制”；B选项reduce“减少；降低”；C选项reform“改革；革新”；D选项reserve“储备；保留；预约”。句意：出人意料的负面数据迫使许多人……了对增长和政策影响的预测，尤其是在美国。由逻辑关系可知，主语Negativedatasurprises“出人意料的负面数据”会降低人们forecastsforgrowthandpolicyimplications“对增长和政策影响的预测”。因此B选项符合题意。

16.单选题

Hespentmuchofhislifetime,studyingthediseaseofcattle,chickensandother（）animals.

问题1选项

A.domestic

B.wild

C.tamed

D.fierce

【答案】A

【解析】句意:他花费其一生的大部分时间研究牛，鸡和其他家禽的疾病。

考查形容词辨析。domestic国内的，家畜的；wild野生的；tame驯服的，养服的;fierce激烈的，猛烈的。因此A项符合句意。

17.单选题

Animportantconsequencearisesbecausethesocialsecurityprogramispurelypay-as-you-gofinanced,（

）mostpensionplans,atleastintheprivatesector,arefullyfunded.Thus,greatercontracting-outimpliesgreaterprefundingofpensioncommitments.

问题1选项

A.whereas

B.because

C.sothat

D.therefore

【答案】A

【解析】考查逻辑关系。空格前句意：社会保障项目是量入为出提供资金的。空格后句意：大多数养老计划是全额提供资金。两句间形成转折关系。四个选项中只有A选项whereas表示转折，因此A选项正确。

18.单选题

Ourassociation,whichhasconsistentlypressedforgreateremploymentopportunitiesforthedisabled,willpublish,（）proposalsinthenearfuture.

问题1选项

A.their

B.our

C.his

D.its

【答案】D

【解析】考查代词的用法。从association后的定语从句可以看出，这里的association是作为一个整体概念出现的，因此谓语用单数形式haspressed，那么后面对应的形容词性物主代词也应该表示单数概念，A选项their“他们的”，B选项our“我们的”是复数概念，排除A，B。association是物不是人，C选项his“他的”用来指人，D选项its“它的”用来指物。因此D选项正确。

19.翻译题

在全球经济放缓的情况下，为何大宗商品价格却在飙升呢？流行的解释似乎是“投机”。但是，由于投机是无时不在的，这无法解释为什么现在价格猛涨。另一个流行的解释是美国大幅放宽货币政策。但这很难解释这样一个事实：按照欧元计算，油价也在快速上涨。同时，投机也无法解释那些没有活跃期货市场的大宗商品价格的上涨。

(参考词汇：commodityprices;soar;speculation;ease;monetarypolicy;euro;futuresmarket)

【答案】

Whyarecommoditypricessoaringwhenworldeconomyisslowing?Thepopularexplanationseemstobe“speculation”.But,sincespeculationisalwayswithus,thiscannotexplainwhypricesaresoaringnow?AnotherpopularexplanationistheaggressiveeasingofUSmonetarypolicy.But,thishardlyexplainsthefactthatthepriceofoilisrisingrapidlyevenineuros.Nordoesspeculationexplaintheriseinthepricesofthesecommoditiesthatdonothaveactivefuturesmarkets.

20.单选题

Terrorists（）tobombingcitycentersasameansofachievingtheirpoliticalaims.

问题1选项

A.resorted

B.took

C.saw

D.looked

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词辨析。A:resortto“依靠，求助于；诉诸；常去”；B:;taketo“喜欢；走向；开始从事”；C:seeto“注意;负责；照料”；D:lookto“注意;指望；照看”。句意：恐怖分子把向市中心投放炸弹作为他们完成政治目标的手段。结合此处语境，A为正确答案。

21.单选题

ThepanelofdistinguishedscientistsgatheredinCambridgetodiscusstheevidencesinsupportofDr.Thistlethwaite’srevolutionaryhypothesis.

问题1选项

A.Thepanelofdistinguishedscientists

B.inCambridge

C.discusstheevidencesin

D.supportof

E.没有问题

【答案】C

【解析】语法题。名词的单复数。evidences改为evidence。evidence:表示证据，只能用单数。

22.单选题

Itwasverykindofyoutogetmesomethingformybirthday,butyou（

）mesuchanexpensivepresent.

问题1选项

A.didn’tneedbuying

B.needn’tbuy

C.needn’thavebought

D.hadn’tneededtobuy

【答案】C

【解析】考查语法结构。根据句意可知，这里指其实你没有必要给我买这么贵重的礼物。needn’thavedonesth.意为本没必要做某事却做了，所以选项C正确。

23.单选题

Theteacher（）theirexercises.

问题1选项

A.madethestudentsdo

B.makethestudentsdoing

C.havemakethestudentsdo

D.makethestudentsdone

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词用法辨析。A选项madethestudentsdo“让学生做”；B选项makethestudentsdoing；C选项havemakethestudentsdo；D选项makethestudentsdone。句意：老师……他们的锻炼。根据句意make的用法为makesth.do，得知A选项正确。

24.单选题

Tescoispreparingalegalbattletoclearitsnameofinvolvementinthedairyprice-fixingscandalthathascostconsumers£270million.Failuretoprovethatithadnopartincollusionwithothersupermarketsanddairyprocessorsmaylanditwithafineofatleast£80million.TheOfficeofFairTrading(OFT)saidyesterdaythatAsda,Sainsbury’sandtheformerSafeway,plusthedairycompaniesWiseman,DairyCrestandCheeseCompany,hadadmittedbeinginacarteltofixpricesformilk,butterandcheese.Theywerefinedatotalofjustover£116millionaspartofaleniencydealofferedbythewatchdogtocompaniesthatownedupquicklytoanti-competitivebehavior.

OfficialsattheOFTadmittedprivatelythattheydidnotthinktheywouldeverdiscoverwhichcompanyorindividualhadinitiatedthepricingformulA.Butthewatchdogrecognizesthatatthetimesupermarketswereunderpressurefrompoliticiansandfarmerstoraisethecostofmilktosavedairyfarming,thoughitisnotcertainthatmoneyfounditswaytofarmers.TheOFTclaimedinSeptemberthatithadfoundevidencethattheretailchainshadpassedfuturemilkpricestodairycompanies,whichthenreachedafixedpriceamongthemselves.

Theaveragecosttoeachhouseholdisthoughttobe£11.25over2002and2003.Priceswentupanextra3ponapintofmilk,15ponaquarterofapoundofbutterand15ponahalf-poundofcheese.Thereisnodirectrecompenseforconsumers,however,andthem