社会心理学第六章题目

精选优质文档-----倾情为你奉上精选优质文档-----倾情为你奉上专心---专注---专业专心---专注---专业精选优质文档-----倾情为你奉上专心---专注---专业Chapter6ConformityandObedience3#409名词解释Conformity:Obedience:AutokineticphenomenonInformationalinfluence答案：1conformity:achangeinbehaviororbeliefastheresultofrealorimaginedgroppressure.2obedience:actinginaccordwithadirectorderorcommand.3aotokineticphenomenon:theapparentmovementofasationarypointoflightinthedark.4informationalinfluence:conformaityoccurringwhenpeopleacceptevidenceaboutrealityprovidedbyotherpeople.填空题、()isactinginaccordingwithadirectorderorcommend.Answer:Obedience、()isconformitythatinvolvesbothactingandbelievinginaccordwithsocialpressure.Answer:acceptance、()isconformitythatinvolvespubliclyactinginaccordwithanimpliedorexplicitrequestwhileprivatelydisagreeing.Answer:compliance、()experimentreferstoautokineticphenomenon.Answer:Sherif’sstudiesofnormformation、()occurswhenpeopleacceptevidenceaboutrealityprovidedbyotherpeople.Answer:informationalinfluence.单选题1.“Actinginaccordwithadirectorderorcommand”is(C)A.ConformityB.ComplianceC.ObedienceD.Acceptance2.Whatisconformity?(B)A.Conformitythatinvolvespubliclyactinginaccordwithanimpliedorexplicitrequestwhileprivatelydisagreeing.B.Achangeinbehaviororbeliefastheresultofrealimaginedgrouppressure.C.Actinginaccordwithadirectorderorcommand.D.Conformitythatinvolvesbothactingandbelievinginaccordwithsocialpressure.3.Whohadtakenadvantageoftheactokineticphenonmenon?(A)A.SherifB.AschC.WillianD.Milgram4.WhatisinvolvedinAsch’sStudyofGroupPressure?(B)A.SuggestibilityB.ComparisonC.ThechameleoneffectD.Obedience5.Whatdon’tbreedobedience?(D)A.Thevictim’sdistanceB.ClosenessandlegitimacyoftheauthorityC.InstitutionalC.Normformation6.Whyconform?(D)A.BystandereffectB.EmotionalcontaglonC.TheeffectofunanimityD.Normativeinfluenceandinformationalinfluence7.Whatcan’tpredictsconformity?(D)A.GroupsizeB.CohesionC.PublicresponseD.Priorcommitment8.Howmanypeoplewillhavealargesteffectinconformity?(B)A.1-3B.3-5C.5-7D.7-99.Howtorejectconformity?(A)A,AssertinguniquenessB.RolereversalC.ConformitypersonalityD.Don’treactance10.Howmanyexperimentsareinvolvedtheconformity?(C)A.1B.2C.3D.4多选题IntheMilgram’sexperimentsabouttheethics,the“teachers”didexperienceagony.They(ABE)SweatedTrembledRelaxedExcitedStutteredFromErvinStaub’sstudyofhumangenocideacrosstheworld,Staub(2003)shows(AB)WheregraduallyincreasingaggressioncanleadWheregraduallyincreasinginvasioncanleadWheregraduallyincreasingaberrationcanleadCompliancebredacceptanceCriticismproducescontemptConformityisaffectedby(BE)WherepeopleactHowpeopleactOtherpeopleactWhenpeopleactWhatpeopleactWhoismorelikelytoresistthepressuretoconformity(ABC)PeoplewhoishumanePeoplewhoisdemocraticPeoplewhoisindividualisticPeoplewhoispatrioticPeoplewhoisselfishWhydotheresultsoftheseclassicexperimentssooftenstartlepeople?(CE)BecauseweexpectpeopletoactinaccordwiththeirdispositionBecausethesituationtheyareBecausethefundamentalattributionerrorBecausetheconformityandobedienceBecausetheattributionbiasFourfactorsthatdeterminedobediencewerethevictim’semotionaldistance.Theyare(CDE)Theauthority’ssupportThecriticshereceivedfromauthorityTheauthority’sclosenessandlegitimacyWhetherornottheauthoritywaspartofrespectedinstitutionTheliberatingeffectsofadisobedientfellowparticipantWhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutconformityiswrong(ACE)ConformitydidgrowifthejudgmentsweredifficultConformitydiddeclineiftheparticipantsfeltincompetentThemoreinsecureaboutourjudgments,themoreinfluencedwebyothersConformityishighestwhenthegrouphasthreeorlesspeopleandisunanimous,cohesive,andinstatusConformityishighestwhentheresponseispublicandmadewithoutpriorcommitmentWhypromptedthisconformity?WhyhadInotclappedevenwhiletheothersrapped?WhydidPoloniussoreadilyechoHamlet’swords?(AB)NormativeinfluenceInformationalinfluenceInternationalinfluenceComprehensioninfluenceImpressioninfluenceWhyareweactinwaysthatpreserveoursenseofuniquenessandindividuality?(BE)WeareusedtobeuniqueWeareusedtobeindividualWearenotcomfortablebeingtoosimilarwithagroupWearenotcomfortablebeingtoodifferentfromagroupWedon’twanttoappearthesameaseveryoneelseDoyouownsomething.Questionauthority.Ifitfeelsgood,doit.Followyourbliss.Don’tconform.Inwhichcountrieswewillbemorelikelytohearthesewords?(BCE)ChinaNewZealandTheUnitedStatesJapanCanada判断题Reactance,Unanimityletusbedifferent.(错)Onepersoncoughs,laughs,oryawns,andothersaresoondoingthesame.it’sMoodlinkage.(对)Conformitymeasachangeinbehaviororbeliefastheresultofrealorimaginedgrouppressure.(对)Asch’sstudiesofGrouppressureexperimentreferstoautokineticphenomenon.(错)normtiveinfluenceandReversalleadtoconform.(错)简答题1、WhatfactorscausedtheobedienceofMilgram'sobedienceexperiment?(米尔格拉姆的服从实验中什么因素引起了服从？)（1）受害者的情感距离。被试在实验中无法看到“学习者”的情况下，其行动表现出的同情最少。（2）权威的接近性与合法性。研究者的亲自在场会影响服从，其次，权威必须被认为是合法的。（3）权威的机构性。权威的声望很重要，那么权威所代表的背后的机构声望就更使该实验变得合法化了。(4)群体影响的释放效应。实验中，如果有同谋者公然反抗研究者，会有90%的被试会通过模仿同谋者释放自己。 2、Whatfactorscanpredicttheconformity?（什么因素可以预测从众？）（1）群体规模。在实验室实验里，一个规模较小的群体就可以引起较大的效应。另外，群体“抱成团”的方式也会产生不同的影响，多个小群体的一致意见会使某个观点更可信。（2）一致性。如果有人破坏了群体的一致性，那么会降低群体的社会影响力。观察到其他人有异议，即使异议是错误的，也会增强我们自己的独立性。（3）凝聚力。一个群体的凝聚力越强，对成员的影响力就越大。(4)地位。地位高的人往往有更大的影响力。(5)公开的反应。在实验中，人们必须面对他人做反应时要比私下里回答问题会表现出更多的从众行为。(6)无事前承诺。个体一旦在公众面前做出承诺，就会坚持到底，最多，也就是在以后的情境中改变自己的判断。3、Whywouldtheindividualconformity?（个体为什么会从众？）有两种可能：①想被群体接纳和免遭拒绝②获得重要信息。莫顿把这两种可能性命名为规范影响和信息影响。规范影响是“与群体保持一致”以免受拒绝，得到人们的接纳。或者获得人们的赞赏。另一方面，信息影响会导致人们的接纳，当现实较为模糊时，其他人可能就会成为有价值的信息来源。案例分析1.案例分析1遇到一位老人摔倒在路边，某丁本能地想上前搀扶。可他下意识地看看四周，发现没人动，于是只好怯怯地收回脚步，装作没看到，低头离开。用从众心理的影响方面的知识分析分析某丁的行为。参考答案：主要从从众心