(新高考)高考英语二轮精品专题六 七选五(解析版)

2017年高考“2017年高考“最后三十天”专题透析好教育云平台--教育因你我而变好教育云平台--教育因你我而变专题六专题六××七选五命题趋势命题趋势《考试说明》对阅读七选五题型命题目的的表述为“主要考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。”在选择文本材料的时候，命题人就要考虑文本内容的整体性和逻辑性。纵观近三年高考全国卷阅读七选五的选材，主要是以贴近考生生活或者考生感兴趣的说明文为主，偶尔出现记叙文(如2017年全国卷Ⅰ)。说明文文体的文章结构严谨、层次分明、条理清晰、逻辑严密。文中常含有ways,methods,skills,techniques,suggestions,tips,steps,how,howtodosth.等词，这些词都是关键性的提示词、总结词，有利于考生准确把握文章主旨。阅读七选五文中设五个空，依据挖空位置，可将5个题目分为段首题、段中题和段尾题；依据句子在文中的作用，可分为“主旨概括句(涉及文章整体内容)”“语段过渡句(反映文章结构)”和“细节注释句(反映上下文的逻辑关系)”三个类型。考点清单考点清单1.语境线索1)词汇重现（以不同词类、词性、数、格、时态、语态等形式出现。或者以同义词、近义词甚至反义词等形式出现）2)指称（用代词替代前文已出现的人物、事件、物品等，如he,she,they，them）3)逻辑关系词★并列与递进关系：and,or,also,neither…nor…,either…or…,likewise,similarly,equally,inthesameway,thatistosay,aswellas,thesame…as,besides,additionally,furthermore,moreover,inadditionto,whatismore★转折让步关系：but,however,yet,onthecontrary,bycontrast,ontheotherhand,unfortunately,while,whereas,unlike,ratherthan,insteadof,itistruethat,although,though,eventhough,evenif,nevertheless,despite,inspiteof★因果关系：because,for,since,as,thus,hence,therefore,so,so…that,consequently,accordingly,dueto,thanksto,asaresult,becauseof,inthat,forthisreason,ofcourse★顺序关系：afterwards,atfirst,atlast,finally,first,firstly,inthefirstplace,tostartwith，inthemeantime,last,later,next,second,secondly,then,third,thirdly,tobeginwith★解释关系★因果关系★转折关系2.根据空格所在位置确定不同的解题策略1)如果空格在段首或为段落标题，通常是段落主题句。2)如果空格在段尾，通常是结论、概括性语句。如therefore,asaresult,thus,hence,inshort,tosumup,toconclude,inaword。3)如果空格是一整个自然段，通常是承上启下的句子。精题集训精题集训（60分钟）经典训练题经典训练题（一）Apps(shortforapplications)arebecomingincreasinglypopularnowadays,andforgoodreason.Theycanhelpyououtinjustabouteveryareaofyourlife,whetherit'skeepingfit,communicatingwithfriends,orevenlearningalanguage.___1____Here'swhatyoushouldthinkaboutbeforedownloadinganappforlanguagelearning.Learnfromdiversesources(notjustapps)Anyseasonedlanguagelearnerwilltellyouthatthebeautyofmasteringaforeignlanguageistheworldwhichitopensuptoyou.Thisisaworldofdiversesources(来源)ofinformation,fromnewspapersandbookstoTV,radio,musicandevenrealpeople.Wouldyoulimityourselftoonemediuminyournativelanguage?____2___EstablishyourpurposeandplanyourhabitsDoyouwanttobefluentinweeksorareyouinitforthebraintraining?Thegoodappsaredesignedtohelpyoufityourstudiesaroundyourtimetable.____3___Theseappsencouragehabitbuilding,becausethesuccessfulformationofahabitensuresyoursafeandregularreturn.Makeitsocial____4___Imeansocialforreal.IowethespeedofprogressImadeinItaliantothesupportfromJim,mypartnerinstudytime.Findafriendtoaccompanyyou.Takeaneveningclass.Borrowabook.Buyabook.Bookaweekawayandattendalanguageschool.Justdon'tforgetyourphone!IfImayspeaksincerely,thecombinationofapp,languageschool,Jim,eveningsout,andachoicebookortwoprovedextremelyeffective.____5____Irecommendit.Rememberthatanappisjustatool.C.No,Idon'tmeanpostingyourprogressonline.D.Iencourageyoutouseappsasoftenasyoucan.E.Probablynot,sowhydosoinyournewlanguage?F.Thebestappsadaptthemselvesbaseduponyourbehavior.G.However,youneedtoknowhowtousethemproperlytoreallybenefit.【答案】1-5GEFCA【解析】本文为说明文，主要介绍了使用APP学习语言的几种不同方法。1.过渡衔接句。根据下文可知，作者对于读者关于应该如何使用APP学习语言从而真正获益提出了一些建议，下文都是建议使用的方法。故G项最为符合文意。2.细节支撑句。根据本段上文可以推知，上文讲述的是掌握一门语言这件事所拥有的魅力在于它为你展现的一整个世界，一个具有多重来源的世界。它告诉我们不能局限在一个单一的信息源上，而是需要多渠道地关照语言背后的世界。故E项即对前句的设问做出了回答，也最为符合段意。3.细节支撑句。根据“theseappsencouragehabitbuilding”可知，此空涉及的对象为一些可以促成良好行为习惯养成的APP。又根据前句可知“Thegoodappsaredesignedtohelpyoufityourstudiesaroundyourtimetable”即好的APP可以根据你的时间表来安排、促进你的学习。呼应上下文，F选项最为贴合段意，也即最好的APP会基于使用者的行为来调整自身。4.细节支撑句。根据后文“Imeansocialforreal”可知，此空应为前后对比。作者在后文举例说明了“makeitsocial”的真实含义并不是让读者把学习的进度公布在社交网络上，而是将学习融入生活的各个方面，比如和伙伴一同学习，或是报名参加语言学校，都是可以提升自己语言能力的好方法。故C选项为正确选项。5.主旨概括句。根据上文“Don’tforgetyourphone!”我们可知，作者希望读者在完成上述文章中提及的事情时不要忘记使用APP，也即要多用APP进行语言学习。故本题A项最为符合题意。（二）Someindividualsarebornwithagiftforpublicspeaking.6Doyouwanttobeagoodpublicspeaker?Herearesomeprinciplesyoumustmaster.Peoplewanttolistentosomeonewhoisinteresting,relaxedandcomfortable.Toooften,whenyoustanduptogiveaspeech,youfocusonthe“public”attheexpenseofthe“speaking.”7Focusonthespeaking.Talkdirectlytoyouraudience,beyourselfandmakeaconnection.Eventhemostsuccessfulpublicspeakerwillmakemistakes.Yet,theonlyonewhocaresaboutanymistakeistheonewhoisspeaking.People’sattentionwandersconstantly.Infact,mostpeopleonlyabsorbabout20percentofaspeaker’smessage.So,don’tstopspeakingwhenyoumakeamistakeunlessit’satrulyseriousone.8Yourgoalisnottobeaperfectpublicspeaker.9Andlikeeverythingelseinlife,thattakespractice.Remember,evenworldchampionathletespracticetheirskillsonaconsistentbasis.10It’sraretohearsomeonesay,“Iwishthatspeakerhadspokenlonger.”Ontheotherhand,youprobablycan’tcountthetimesthatyou’vethought,“I’mgladthattalkisover.Itseemedtogoonforever!”Sosurpriseyouraudience.Alwaysmakeyourpresentationjustabitshorterthananticipated.It’sbettertoleaveyourlistenerswishingformorethanshiftingrestlesslyintheirseatswaitingforyourspeechfinallytoend.A.Dotheopposite.B.Youwanttobeaneffectivepublicspeaker.C.Youdon’tneedtoapologizeforaminorslip.D.Whenitcomestopublicspeaking,lessisusuallymore.E.Theobjectiveofmostspeechesistobenefittheaudience.F.Takethefearoutofpublicspeakingbyfocusingonyourlisteners.G.However,themajorityofpeopleareeffectivespeakersbecausetheytraintobe.【答案】6-10GACBD【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了成为一个优秀的演说家必须掌握的原则。6.过渡衔接句。本文结构为总分，第一段总领全文，设空前一句谈到有些人生来就有演讲的天赋，后一句设问你想成为一个优秀的演说家吗？以下是一些你必须掌握的原则，前后为转折关系，审视选项，G（然而，大多数人之所以能成为有效的演讲者，是因为他们受过训练。）符合文意，故选G。7.细节支撑句。设空前一句谈到很多时候，当你站起来演讲时，你会把注意力放在“公众”上，而不是“演讲”上，后文谈到专注于演讲，直接和你的听众交谈，做你自己，建立联系。审视选项，A（做相反的事。）符合文意，故选A。8.主旨概括句。设空处位于段末，此段主要告诉人们不要害怕犯错，听众的注意力总是分散的，所以，当你犯错时不要停止说话，除非是非常严重的错误，审视选项，C（你不需要为一个小失误道歉。）符合文意，故选C。9.细节支撑句。设空前一句谈到你的目标不是成为一个完美的公众演说家，根据复现词“speaker”，且设空后文谈到就像生活中的其他事情一样，这需要练习可知，B（你想成为一个有效的公众演说家。）符合文意，故选B。10.主旨概括句。设空处位于段首，结合本段大意尤其是“It’sraretohearsomeonesay,“Iwishthatspeakerhadspokenlonger.”...“I’mgladthattalkisover.Itseemedtogoonforever!”和“It’sbettertoleaveyourlistenerswishingformorethanshiftingrestlesslyintheirseatswaitingforyourspeechfinallytoend.”可知，听众希望演讲是言简意赅的，审视选项，D（就公开演讲而言，通常少即是多。）符合文意，故选D。高频易错题高频易错题(三)Doyouinvesttoomuchvalueintowordsaddedbystrangers?Nomatterwhatyoudoorsay,orhowyouact,peoplewillalwaysgivetheiropinionsaboutyou.11Otherwise,you'llallowothers'opinionstonotonlyhurtyou,butoftendefineyou.Herearewaystostopcaringaboutwhatotherpeoplethinkofyou.Keepinmindnoteveryonecares.Everyoneistroubledbyanxiety,andtheymightbetoobusytoimmediatelyrecognizeyours.12They'realwaystoobusythinkingabouttheirfamilies,work,andwhateverelsetoformadetailedopinionaboutyou.Thinkaboutwhoyouwanttobe.Byallowingothers'opinionstoinfluenceanddominateyourlife,you'rehandingthemyourpower.Ifyoucanrelatetothis,askyourself,whatdoyouwant?Areyoumakingthesechoicesonlytoimpressothers?13Acceptnoteveryonewilllikeyou.Inlife,somepeoplewilllikeyouandothersmightnot.14Butmostofthetime,that'stheirmindsetonly,whichhasnothingtodowithyou.Therewillbepeoplewhowillacceptallofyouandpeoplewhowillbesupportiveandkind.Thesearethepeoplewhodeservetowalkwithyou.15Youmayworryaboutendinguplookinglikeafoolbecauseofamistake,butmistakesareunavoidable.Whenyouovercomeyourfearofmakingmistakesandbuildresiliencetothepainthatmaycomefromfailure,youwillbeunstoppable.Onewaytodealwithanxietiesaboutmessingupistomakealistofallthepossiblethingsthatcouldgowrong.A.Takeonthechallenges.B.Don'tletthemgettoyou.C.Theonlyopinionthatmatterstoyouisyours.D.Thekeyistobeselectiveaboutwhatyoucareabout.E.Peopleallaroundyouhaveenoughtooccupytheirminds.F.Itisreallyhardtofacesomeonewhohasnegativeviewsofyou.G.Evenyourdecisions,fromthisangle,willhelpyoubecomeself-confident.【答案】11-15BEDFA【解析】这是一篇说明文。本文主要讲如何正确看待别人对自己的评价。11.根据下文“Otherwise,you'llallowothers’opinionstonotonlyhurtyou,butoftendefineyou.”中的“otherwise”可知，前后句应该是转折关系。后文提到别人对你的评价，会对你带来伤害。前文应该是避免这种事情发生，所以不能让那些评价影响到你。gettosb.影响某人，故选B。12.本段主要讲的是人们并不会太在意对你的评价，因为他们忙于各种事务当中。后文提到人们忙于考虑家人、工作或者其他，以至于不能对你做出更细致的评价。Peopleallaroundyouhaveenoughtooccupytheirminds.你周围的人要处理的事务占据了他们的大脑。引出下文具体有哪些事务，故选E。13.根据上文“Ifyoucanrelatetothis,askyourself,whatdoyouwant?”可知，问一问自己你想要什么。Thekeyistobeselectiveaboutwhatyoucareabout.关键是对你所关心的事情要有选择性，选择你真正在乎的，与他人无关，符合本段主题，whatdoyouwant呼应whatyoucareabout。故选D。14.上文“Acceptnoteveryonewilllikeyou.Inlife,somepeoplewilllikeyouandothersmightnot.”接受生活中不是所有人都喜欢你。Itisreallyhardtofacesomeonewhohasnegativeviewsofyou.面对这些对你有消极印象的人真的很难。选项中的“someonewhohasnegativeviewsofyou”呼应前文的“Acceptnoteveryonewilllikeyou.”，承接上文，符合语境，故选F。15.下文“Youmayworryaboutendinguplookinglikeafoolbecauseofamistake,butmistakesareunavoidable.”，不要担心犯错后像个傻子，错误是不可避免的。可知，多做有挑战的事可以得到成长。Takeonthechallenges.接受挑战，符合本段大意，故选A。（四）Weallwanttogosomewhere—somewherethathasbeenonourbucketlistages.16Weoftenpicturethesceneslikefourcitiesinsevendays,“must-see’s”inTokyo，famouslandmarksinEuropeandsoon.It’sasifthefasterwe’recheckingthingsoffourlist,themoreweareexperiencing.17Traveler,theSouthKoreanrealityshow,canperhapsgiveussomeideaofwhattravelislikeTraveler'stravelersdon'thaveamissionandthereisn’tacompetitionforthemtowin.Instead,itfocuseson“depicting(描绘)therealexperienceoftravelingbyshowingtheprocessesoffindingaplacetostayorgrabbing(拦下)ataxi”,accordingtoTheKoreaTimes.18Itisn’taboutgettingornotgettingsomewhereasquicklyaspossible,butaboutsimplybeingexcitedasyou’regettingthereornotgettingthereatall.19Youmayignoretheguidebook’srecommendationandasklocalpeoplewheretheyprefertoeatandhangout.Andyou’llbesurprisedbywhataplacehastoofferwhenyou’renotbusyrushingaroundandcheckingthingsoffyourbucketlist.Travelisjustlikelife.Thereislittlefuninitifeverythingispredictable.20ButastravelblogCheeseWebputsit,aslongasyoukeepanopenmind,you’llseethat“everywhereis‘somewhere”’.A.It’struethatweallwanttogo“somewhere”.B.Butdoyouknowwhatyouareexperiencing?C.Whynotstoprushingyouoffyourfeetandslowdown?D.Thisisactuallytheconceptofwhat’scalled“slowtravel”.E.So,wetendtosqueezeasmanysightsintoourtripaspossible.F.Youmaytrytowanderoffthemainroadandtakeabackstreetinstead.G.However,concerningit’sprobablynotquantitythatcountsbutquality.【答案】16-20EGDFA【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了“慢旅游”这种旅游方式的含义与意义。16.后文提到我们旅游的方式，通常是七天内游览四个城市、到东京的‘必看之地’、欧洲著名的地标建筑等等。就好像我们越快把事情从清单上划掉，我们经历的就越多。说明我们旅行得匆匆忙忙。E项中squeezeasmanysightsintoourtripaspossible对应下文中的picturethesceneslikefourcitiesinsevendays,“must-see’s”inTokyo,famouslandmarksinEuropeandsoon。故选E项。17.由下一句Traveler,theSouthKoreanrealityshow,canperhapsgiveussomeideaofwhattravelislikeTraveler'stravelersdon'thaveamissionandthereisn’tacompetitionforthemtowin.可知，这才是有质量的旅行，承接下文，G选项“然而，重要的可能不是数量而是质量”切题；该选项中的countsbutquality对应下文中的“有质量的旅行”内容。故选G项。18.由下一句Itisn’taboutgettingornotgettingsomewhereasquicklyaspossible,butaboutsimplybeingexcitedasyou’regettingthereornotgettingthereatall.可知，承接下文，D选项“这实际上就是所谓的‘慢旅游’的概念。”切题；下一句是对本空“慢旅游”的概念的解释。故选D项。19.由下一句“你可以忽略旅游指南的建议，问问当地人喜欢在哪里吃饭和闲逛”可知，承接下文，F选项“你可以试着离开主干道，改走偏僻的街道”切题；该选项和下一句是并列表述，都是在举例说明怎么去慢旅游，本段的最后一句话是说这样的慢旅游会给人带来惊喜，也就是进一步说明慢旅游的好处。故选F项。20.由下一句“但正如旅游博客CheeseWeb所说，只要你保持开放的心态，你就会发现“到处都是‘某处’”。”可知，承接下文，A选项“的确，我们都想去‘某个地方’”切题；该选项中的somewhere对应下文中的everywhereis‘somewhere’，属于同词复现。故选A项。精准预测题精准预测题（五）Theagingprocessaffectsthehumanbodyinmanyways.Onethingthathappenstoallofusasweageismuscleloss.Someexpertssayitcanstartasearlyasage30.Infact,musclelossmaybeanaturalpartofaging.21Itisbettertostartstrengthtrainingwhenyouareyoungerandingoodhealth.Butwhatexactlyis“strengthtraining”?Simplyput,strengthtrainingisanactivitythatmakesone'smusclesstronger.Herearereasonstostartyourstrengthtrainingtoday.Developstrongbones22whichcanincreasethethicknessordensityofbonesandreduceyourriskofdevelopingosteoporosis(骨质疏松症)—adiseasethatweakensbones,makingthemeasytobreak.23Strengthtrainingcanhelpyoutotakecontrolofyourweightandevenloseweight.Muscleweighsmorethanfat.Butmuscleincreasesyourmetabolism(新陈代谢),andahighermetabolismhelpsyouburnmorecalories.ImproveyourqualityoflifeStrengthtrainingcanimproveyourabilitytodoeverydayactivities.Forexample,havingstrongermusclesmakesiteasiertoliftandmovethings.Strongmusclescanimproveyourbalance.24Asweage,thiscangreatlyaddtoyourqualityoflife.ImproveyourthinkingskillsMayoClinicsayssomeresearchshowsthatregularstrengthtraining,whencombinedwithotherkindsofexercise,hasgoodresults.25A.Then,letitaloneB．ManageyourweightC．EnhancethevalueofweightlossD．ButyoucandosomethingstoslowitdownE.StrengthtrainingputspressureonyourbonesF.ItmayhelpolderadultsunderstandandlearnbetterG.So,yourriskoffallingorgettinginjuredmaybelessened【答案】21-25DEBGF【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了力量训练给人们带来的积极影响。21．根据上文Infact,musclelossmaybeanaturalpartofaging.可知，肌肉丧失是无法逆转的。下文“Itisbettertostartstrengthtrainingwhenyouareyoungerandingoodhealth.说明，我们对于肌肉丧失这个问题还是可以做一些事情来减缓的。故选D项。22．根据小标题Developstrongbones可知，填空处应与骨骼（bones）的相关论述有关。E选项Strengthtrainingputspressureonyourbones符合段落语境。故选E项。23．下文Strengthtrainingcanhelpyoutotakecontrolofyourweightandevenloseweight.说明力量训练可以有效帮助自己管理体重。B选项Manageyourweight为本段的小标题。故选B项。24．上文Strongmusclescanimproveyourbalance.说明强壮肌肉提高平衡感后能够减少摔倒的风险。G选项So,yourriskoffallingorgettinginjuredmaybelessened可知，摔倒和受伤的风险降低都和拥有强壮肌肉有关，符合文意。故选G项。25．根据小标题Improveyourthinkingskills可知，肌肉训练可以帮助思维能力的提升。F选项Itmayhelpolderadultsunderstandandlearnbetter.可知，思维能力的提高包括了两个方面理解和学习，因此F选项符合文意。故选F项。（六）Everyonewantstobehappy,butformanyofus,thepathtocontentmentisn'talwaysclear.Happinessisn'tapassivestate.26Ifyou'rereadytostartbecomingamorejoyfulversionofyourself,herearesomehabitsthatwillhelpyougetthere.Practicegratitude(感激).Thinkaboutallthethingsinyourlifethatyouappreciateandstartwritingthemdownonceaday.Itcanbeonethingormany.Thechoiceisyours!27Spendtimewithpeoplewhobringyoujoy.Maketimeforthefriendsandfamilymemberswhocelebrateyouraccomplishmentsandsupportyouduringhardtimes28Whenyou'remeetingnewpeople,sticktotheoneswhoarefullofhappiness,whichwillincreaseyourhappiness.29There'snothinglikethefeelingofachievingyourdreams.Therefore,thinkaboutwhatyouwantoutoflife,largeandsmall,andgettoworkonmakingithappen!Notonlywillthisincreaseyourconfidenceandself-worth,butitwillalsogiveyouasenseofpurpose!Giveoptimismatry.30Forexample,whenyoustarttogetstressed,thinkaboutsomethinggoodfromyourdaytobalanceoutthenegativeemotions(负面情绪).Optimistsmakeachoicetofocusonthegoodintheirlifeinsteadofonthebad.Inoneword,happinessis