高中定语从句课件

AttributiveClauseAttributiveClause1

一.定语从句的基本定义放在名词或代词后面，由关系代词或关系副词引导的修饰该名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。放在名词或代词后面，由关系代词或关系副词引导的修饰该名词或代2eg.TheboywhoisreadingisTom.先行词关系代词Hospitalisaplace

whereadoctorworks.先行词关系副词eg.Theboywhoisreadi3先行词和关系词的关系1.Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.

2.TheboywhobrokethewindowiscalledTom.3.Theboywhoseparentsaredeadwasbroughtupbyhisgrandfather.4.TheschoolwhereIstudyisfarfrommyhome.themachine=thattheboy

=whotheboy’s

=whoseintheschool

=where关系代词实际上是先行词的复指关系词whose实际上是先行词的所有格关系副词实际上是介词＋先行词先行词和关系词的关系1.Aplaneisamachi4Jointhefollowingsentences:Aplaneisamachine.Themachinecanfly.Aplaneiscanfly.关系代词的实质themachineamachinethat/whichJointhefollowingsentences:关5TheladyisGreen.Wesawheryesterday.

herThelady

wesawyesterdayisGreen.who/that关系代词实际上代替的就是先行词herTheladywesawyes6

二.关系词的分类关系代词

2.

关系副词关系代词在定语从句中作主语、宾语、表语和定语，常用的关系代词有：that,which,who,whom,whose关系副词在定语从句中作状语，常用的关系副词有：when,where,why二.关系词的分类关系代词2.关系副词关系代词在定语从句中作主语、宾语、表语7三.关系代词的基本用法和注意点1.关系代词的基本用法三.1.关系代词的基本用法三.关系代词的基本用法和注意点1.关系代词的基本用法三.8①who指人,在定语从句中作主语或宾语。作宾语时，可省略。Theman

(who)Italkedwithisourteacher.Aperson

whostealsthingsiscalledathief.②whom指人,在定语从句中作宾语，可省略。

Theman

(whom)InoddedtoisMr.Li.who,whom①who指人,在定语从句中作主语或宾语。作宾语时，可省略。9③which指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。作宾语时，可省略。

Thesearethetrees

whichwereplantedlastyear.Thisrecorder

（which）heisusingismadeinJapan.which③which指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。作宾语时，可10Heistheman

(that)

Itoldyouabout.④that指人或物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。作宾语时，可省略。Aplaneisamachine

thatcanfly.thatHeistheman(that)Itoldyo11⑤whose指人或物,在定语从句中作定语。不可省略。Weliveinahouse

whosewindowsfacesouth.Thisisthelittlegirl

whoseparentswerekilledinthegreatearthquake.whose⑤whose指人或物,在定语从句中作定语。不可省略。We12Thescientist(who/that)wemetyesterdayisveryfamousintheworld.(2)Thedressisnew.Sheiswearingit.Thedress(which/that)sheiswearingisnew.(1)Thescientistisveryfamousintheworld.

Wemetheryesterday.巩固练习一：

用定语从句合并句子巩固练习1：用定语从句合并句子Thescientist(who/that)weme13(3)Heisthekindperson.Ihaveeverworkedwithhim.(4)Thisisthefilm.Ihaveevermentionedit.Heisthekindperson

(who/whom/that)Ihaveeverworkedwith.Thisisthefilm

(that/which)Ihaveevermentioned.(3)Heisthekindperson.(4142.关系代词的用法注意点that和which都可以指物，但以下5种情况只能用that不能用which。①当先行词中有人又有物时。如：Doyouknowthethingsandpersons

thattheyaretalkingabout?2.关系代词用法注意点(1)只能用that不能用which的5种情况②当先行词为不定代词all,one,few,little,no,some,any,everything,nothing,none等时。如：Thisisall

thatIwantfromtheschool.2.关系代词的用法注意点that和which都可以指物，15④当先行词被最高级修饰时。如：TheTVtoweristhehighestbuildingthathasbeenbuiltinthiscity.⑤当先行词被序数词修饰时。如：Thefirstlesson

thatIlearnedwillneverbeforgotten.③当先行词被only,just,very,right,last等修饰时。如：ThisistheverybookthatIamlookingforthesedays.④当先行词被最高级修饰时。如：⑤当先行词被序数词修饰时。如：161.关系代词在限制性定语从句中紧跟介词作宾语（介词提前）;Therearemanytreesunder

whichtheycanhavearest.2在非限制性定语从句中;

Football,whichisaverypopulargame,isplayedallovertheworld.(2)5种只能用which不能用that的情况。1.关系代词在限制性定语从句中紧跟介词作宾语（介词提前）;173.在一个句子中有两个定语从句，其中一个定从的关系代词用了that，另一个宜用which；Hegavemeagiftthat

hadbeenboughtfromtheshop

which

belongstohisuncle.4.当先行词为指物的代词that和those时；Hehasfoundthat

which

Iamlookingfor.5.当关系代词后面有插入语时。Hereisthebookwhich,asIhavetoldyou,willhelpimproveyourEnglish.3.在一个句子中有两个定语从句，其中一个定从的关系代词用了18Is

there

anything

____

belongsto

you?

Thisisthefirstplay____IhaveseensinceIcamehere.Hismoviewonseveralawardsatthefilmfestival,_______wasbeyondhiswildestdream.巩固练习二：选择that或which填空thatthatwhichIs

there

anything

____

belongs19Whichisthemachine_____weusedlastSunday.I’veneverheardofthepeopleandthings______youtalkedaboutjustnow.巩固练习二：选择that或which填空thatthatWhichisthemachine_____we20(2)that和who都可以指人，但下面两种情况，多用who:(2)用who不用that的情况①先行词为all,anyone,one,ones等时。All

whoheardthenewswereexcited.②先行词为those,he和people时。如：Those

whowanttogopleasesignyournameshere.He

whodoesnotreachtheGreatWallisnotatrueman.(2)that和who都可以指人，但下面两种情况，多用wh21(3)whose引导的定语从句要点①whose引导定语从句，其后应紧跟名词，构成名词短语。②whose与它所修饰的名词一起可以作介词的宾语。如：Theboss

inwhosedepartmentheworkedhadheardthenews.他工作所在部门的老板已经听说了这个消息。(3)whose引导的定语从句注意点(3)whose引导的定语从句要点①whose引导定语从22④whose的先行词指物时，可用ofwhich代替，但语序不同，即whose+名词=the+名词+ofwhich，或=ofwhich+the+名词。如：Thenovel

whosetitle

(=thetitleofwhich或ofwhichthetitle)

isRedandBlackisveryinteresting.③whose引导的定语从句，其先行词既可以指人也可以指物。④whose的先行词指物时，可用ofwhich代替，但语序23⑤whose的先行词指人时，可用ofwhom代替，但语序不同，即whose+名词=the+名词+ofwhom，或=ofwhom+the+名词。如：Theboy

whosemother

(=themotherofwhom或ofwhomthemother)

isadoctorismyfriend.⑤whose的先行词指人时，可用ofwhom代替，但语序不24Those______haven’ttakenphysicalexaminationmustgotohospitalnow.2.Theboss________factorymyfatherworksisverystrict.我父亲所工作的工厂的老板很严厉。3.Anyone_____wantstoattendatopuniversityhastoworkveryhard.4.Theman______legbrokeinamatchusedtobeagoodfootballplayer.巩固练习三：在空格中填入适当的词whoinwhosewhowhoseThose______haven’ttakenphy25(4)关系代词在从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词的人称和数必须与先行词保持一致。(4)从句中的谓语动词与先行词保持一致Thosewhoareagainsttheplanputupyourhands.Tomisoneofthestudentswhowerepraisedbytheteacheryesterday.Tomistheonlyoneofthestudentswhowaspraisedbytheteacheryesterday.(4)关系代词在从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词的人称和数必26关系代词前介词的确定1.根据从句中动词与先行词的逻辑关系；e.g.Isthatthenewspaperforwhichyouoftenwritearticles?2.根据从句中动词或形容词的习惯搭配；e.g.CanyouexplaintomehowtousetheseidiomsaboutwhichI’msure.3.根据先行词与介词的搭配习惯。：e.g.1949wastheyearinwhichtheP.R.C.wasfounded.关系代词前介词的确定1.根据从句中动词与先行词的逻辑关系；27注意：动词短语不能拆，即介词不提前。如：我照顾的那个老人好多了。Theoldmanafter

whomIamlookingisbetter.TheoldmanwhomIamlookingafterisbetter.√注意：动词短语不能拆，即介词不提前。如：√28Thesong,________weareinterestedwillbebroadcasttonight.Heisthehero________weareproud.Thisisthecollege________we’llvisitafamousactor.Theearth________weliveisabigroundball.inwhichofwhominwhichonwhich巩固练习四：在空格中填入适当的介词和关系代词Thesong,________weareinte29Doyoulikethebook________shespent$10?Doyouliketheteacher__________shelearnedalot?Doyouliketheteacher___________wearetalkinghasgoneabroad?Hepaidtheboy$10forwashingtenwindows,most________hadn’tbeencleanedforatleastayear.onwhichfromwhomaboutwhomofwhichDoyoulikethebook________30

先行词是theway、意为“方式，方法”时，引导定语从句的关系词用that/inwhich或省略。

Ididn'tliketheway______________shetalkedtome.

Theway______________heteachesEnglishisinteresting.（that/inwhich）（that/inwhich）5.先行词为theway，关系词的使用应注意的特殊用法：先行词是theway、意为“方式，方法”时，引导定语从句313.Thehouse__________theybuiltin1987stayedupintheearthquake.Fillintheblankswithwho,whom,that,whichorwhose.1.Theearthquake___________hitthecityin1906wasthebiggestinAmericanhistory.2.Wedon’tknowthenumberofpeople__________losttheirhomesin1906earthquake.that/which

who

which/that

3.Thehouse__________theyb32

6.Harryistheboy______motherisourmathsteacher.4.Ahouse__________isbuiltonsandmayfalldowninanearthquake.5.Luckilynoneofthepeople______________Iknowwerekilledintheearthquake.which/thatthatwhose6.Harryistheboy______337.Lookatthatlady______nameisRose.8.Heisateacher______________Ilikeverymuch.9.Thosepictures_________weredrawnbyTomarenice.10.Those_____willgototheparkstayhere.11.Thatwasallthemoney______Ihad.whose

whom/who/thatwhich/that

whothat7.Lookatthatlady______na3412.Isthereanyonehere_______nameisTom?13.Theytalkedforaboutanhourofthingsandpersons_____theyrememberedintheschool.14.Who______hascommonsensewilldosuchathing.15.Idon’tknowtheway________________heworkedout.16.Thepersonto______youjusttalkedisMr.Li.whosethatthatthat/inwhich/省略whom12.Isthereanyonehere____35AttributiveClauseAttributiveClause36

一.定语从句的基本定义放在名词或代词后面，由关系代词或关系副词引导的修饰该名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。放在名词或代词后面，由关系代词或关系副词引导的修饰该名词或代37eg.TheboywhoisreadingisTom.先行词关系代词Hospitalisaplace

whereadoctorworks.先行词关系副词eg.Theboywhoisreadi38先行词和关系词的关系1.Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.

2.TheboywhobrokethewindowiscalledTom.3.Theboywhoseparentsaredeadwasbroughtupbyhisgrandfather.4.TheschoolwhereIstudyisfarfrommyhome.themachine=thattheboy

=whotheboy’s

=whoseintheschool

=where关系代词实际上是先行词的复指关系词whose实际上是先行词的所有格关系副词实际上是介词＋先行词先行词和关系词的关系1.Aplaneisamachi39Jointhefollowingsentences:Aplaneisamachine.Themachinecanfly.Aplaneiscanfly.关系代词的实质themachineamachinethat/whichJointhefollowingsentences:关40TheladyisGreen.Wesawheryesterday.

herThelady

wesawyesterdayisGreen.who/that关系代词实际上代替的就是先行词herTheladywesawyes41

二.关系词的分类关系代词

2.

关系副词关系代词在定语从句中作主语、宾语、表语和定语，常用的关系代词有：that,which,who,whom,whose关系副词在定语从句中作状语，常用的关系副词有：when,where,why二.关系词的分类关系代词2.关系副词关系代词在定语从句中作主语、宾语、表语42三.关系代词的基本用法和注意点1.关系代词的基本用法三.1.关系代词的基本用法三.关系代词的基本用法和注意点1.关系代词的基本用法三.43①who指人,在定语从句中作主语或宾语。作宾语时，可省略。Theman

(who)Italkedwithisourteacher.Aperson

whostealsthingsiscalledathief.②whom指人,在定语从句中作宾语，可省略。

Theman

(whom)InoddedtoisMr.Li.who,whom①who指人,在定语从句中作主语或宾语。作宾语时，可省略。44③which指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。作宾语时，可省略。

Thesearethetrees

whichwereplantedlastyear.Thisrecorder

（which）heisusingismadeinJapan.which③which指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。作宾语时，可45Heistheman

(that)

Itoldyouabout.④that指人或物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。作宾语时，可省略。Aplaneisamachine

thatcanfly.thatHeistheman(that)Itoldyo46⑤whose指人或物,在定语从句中作定语。不可省略。Weliveinahouse

whosewindowsfacesouth.Thisisthelittlegirl

whoseparentswerekilledinthegreatearthquake.whose⑤whose指人或物,在定语从句中作定语。不可省略。We47Thescientist(who/that)wemetyesterdayisveryfamousintheworld.(2)Thedressisnew.Sheiswearingit.Thedress(which/that)sheiswearingisnew.(1)Thescientistisveryfamousintheworld.

Wemetheryesterday.巩固练习一：

用定语从句合并句子巩固练习1：用定语从句合并句子Thescientist(who/that)weme48(3)Heisthekindperson.Ihaveeverworkedwithhim.(4)Thisisthefilm.Ihaveevermentionedit.Heisthekindperson

(who/whom/that)Ihaveeverworkedwith.Thisisthefilm

(that/which)Ihaveevermentioned.(3)Heisthekindperson.(4492.关系代词的用法注意点that和which都可以指物，但以下5种情况只能用that不能用which。①当先行词中有人又有物时。如：Doyouknowthethingsandpersons

thattheyaretalkingabout?2.关系代词用法注意点(1)只能用that不能用which的5种情况②当先行词为不定代词all,one,few,little,no,some,any,everything,nothing,none等时。如：Thisisall

thatIwantfromtheschool.2.关系代词的用法注意点that和which都可以指物，50④当先行词被最高级修饰时。如：TheTVtoweristhehighestbuildingthathasbeenbuiltinthiscity.⑤当先行词被序数词修饰时。如：Thefirstlesson

thatIlearnedwillneverbeforgotten.③当先行词被only,just,very,right,last等修饰时。如：ThisistheverybookthatIamlookingforthesedays.④当先行词被最高级修饰时。如：⑤当先行词被序数词修饰时。如：511.关系代词在限制性定语从句中紧跟介词作宾语（介词提前）;Therearemanytreesunder

whichtheycanhavearest.2在非限制性定语从句中;

Football,whichisaverypopulargame,isplayedallovertheworld.(2)5种只能用which不能用that的情况。1.关系代词在限制性定语从句中紧跟介词作宾语（介词提前）;523.在一个句子中有两个定语从句，其中一个定从的关系代词用了that，另一个宜用which；Hegavemeagiftthat

hadbeenboughtfromtheshop

which

belongstohisuncle.4.当先行词为指物的代词that和those时；Hehasfoundthat

which

Iamlookingfor.5.当关系代词后面有插入语时。Hereisthebookwhich,asIhavetoldyou,willhelpimproveyourEnglish.3.在一个句子中有两个定语从句，其中一个定从的关系代词用了53Is

there

anything

____

belongsto

you?

Thisisthefirstplay____IhaveseensinceIcamehere.Hismoviewonseveralawardsatthefilmfestival,_______wasbeyondhiswildestdream.巩固练习二：选择that或which填空thatthatwhichIs

there

anything

____

belongs54Whichisthemachine_____weusedlastSunday.I’veneverheardofthepeopleandthings______youtalkedaboutjustnow.巩固练习二：选择that或which填空thatthatWhichisthemachine_____we55(2)that和who都可以指人，但下面两种情况，多用who:(2)用who不用that的情况①先行词为all,anyone,one,ones等时。All

whoheardthenewswereexcited.②先行词为those,he和people时。如：Those

whowanttogopleasesignyournameshere.He

whodoesnotreachtheGreatWallisnotatrueman.(2)that和who都可以指人，但下面两种情况，多用wh56(3)whose引导的定语从句要点①whose引导定语从句，其后应紧跟名词，构成名词短语。②whose与它所修饰的名词一起可以作介词的宾语。如：Theboss

inwhosedepartmentheworkedhadheardthenews.他工作所在部门的老板已经听说了这个消息。(3)whose引导的定语从句注意点(3)whose引导的定语从句要点①whose引导定语从57④whose的先行词指物时，可用ofwhich代替，但语序不同，即whose+名词=the+名词+ofwhich，或=ofwhich+the+名词。如：Thenovel

whosetitle

(=thetitleofwhich或ofwhichthetitle)

isRedandBlackisveryinteresting.③whose引导的定语从句，其先行词既可以指人也可以指物。④whose的先行词指物时，可用ofwhich代替，但语序58⑤whose的先行词指人时，可用ofwhom代替，但语序不同，即whose+名词=the+名词+ofwhom，或=ofwhom+the+名词。如：Theboy

whosemother

(=themotherofwhom或ofwhomthemother)

isadoctorismyfriend.⑤whose的先行词指人时，可用ofwhom代替，但语序不59Those______haven’ttakenphysicalexaminationmustgotohospitalnow.2.Theboss________factorymyfatherworksisverystrict.我父亲所工作的工厂的老板很严厉。3.Anyone_____wantstoattendatopuniversityhastoworkveryhard.4.Theman______legbrokeinamatchusedtobeagoodfootballplayer.巩固练习三：在空格中填入适当的词whoinwhosewhowhoseThose______haven’ttakenphy60(4)关系代词在从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词的人称和数必须与先行词保持一致。(4)从句中的谓语动词与先行词保持一致Thosewhoareagainsttheplanputupyourhands.Tomisoneofthestudentswhowerepraisedbytheteacheryesterday.Tomistheonlyoneofthestudentswhowaspraisedbytheteacheryesterday.(4)关系代词在从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词的人称和数必61关系代词前介词的确定1.根据从句中动词与先行词的逻辑关系；e.g.Isthatthenewspaperforwhichyouoftenwritearticles?2.根据从句中动词或形容词的习惯搭配；e.g.CanyouexplaintomehowtousetheseidiomsaboutwhichI’msure.3.根据先行词与介词的搭配习惯。：e.g.1949wastheyearinwhichtheP.R.C.wasfounded.关系代词前介词的确定1.根据从句中动词与先行词的逻辑关系；62注意：动词短语不能拆，即介词不提前。如：我照顾的那个老人好多了。Theoldmanafter

whomIamlookingisbetter.TheoldmanwhomIamlookingafterisbetter.√注意：动词短语不能拆，即介词不提前。如：√63Thesong,________weareinterestedwillbebroadcasttonight.Heisthehero________weareproud.Thisisthecollege________we’llvisitafamousactor.Theearth________weliveisabigroundball.inwhichofwhominwhichonwhich巩固练习四：在空格中填入适当的介词和关系代词Thesong,________weareinte64Doyoulikethebook________shespent$10?Doyouliketheteacher__________shelearnedalot?Doyouliketheteacher___________wearetalkinghasgoneabroad?Hepaidtheboy$10forwashingtenwindows,most________ha