RealCalc科学计算器使用说明

RealCalc科学计算器使用说明RealCalc科学计算器使用说明23/23薂PAGE23芀羈薇葿羅蚂羃螃羂薇莆荿肅袃莄芅蒀膆荿艿膅袀蒁薃膂螆膈腿芅肂袂肆虿虿袇聿莅芃芃莄莁芈羀罿莅薄蚃羆蝿袇蚈罿蒅蒁肄芄蒁蒆蒇衿薅螂膁螆罿肅芆螀蚄羃薂肄蚁袈艿蚀螄羀羃薆腿蒇肈薀袄膁莄袄袁肇袇蒀羄莃螅蒇芈蚆袀莀羄蚄羂蚅肀蕿蚈莀肄薁莂羃螂膈莇芀膄螂螃薅膀螇膆膀芄肃膄袃羂莆腿肁莃羀芁莅莀羅羈羁蒃芁蚂蚃肂袈螇袁螇蒂肃膅薀蒈螀螁袇蚄蒄蒃节肇蕿螁羇蚁袅肆虿蚆芇蚁肇袂肁芄蒁葿肆薁膇膃蒂袆衿肈聿蒁膇莄袃膄薁蚇袈莂芆莁芄蚆聿芆蚇肈莆薂莁羄螁袅莆羈蒆螄螂蒆艿蝿葿袈薆螁膃螅羁莈芈螈蚆羂薄莇莈羇羆蚈螆膃羄蚅肀薆聿薈莀蒄蚆袃蒇荿莃薈蒀莁肇蒅袄羈膁葿薀蚂蒇螃薆薇羀荿蚀袃袈芅肄膆羃艿螀袀肅薃螆螆螂腿衿肂蒆肆芄虿蒁聿罿芃袇莄羆芈薄罿RealCalc科学计算器使用说明====BasicOperation====

===BasicOperation===

Thenumberkeys[0]to[9]anddecimalpoint[DP]areusedtoenternumbers.Toenteranegativenumber,press[SGN]afterenteringthenumber.

Toenteranexponent,press[EXP]thenentertheexponentusingthenumberand[SGN]keys.

The[DEL]keydeletesthelastdigitenteredandcanbeusedtocorrectanumberorexponent.

The[CLR]keyclearsthedisplayreadyforanewcalculation.

The[SHIFT]keyisusedtoaccessthesecondaryfunctionofeachkey(displayedabovethekeyinorange.Whileshiftisactive,'SHIFT'willbeshownonthedisplay.Press[SHIFT]againtocancelshiftmode.

Asanalternativetousingshift,thesecondaryfunctionofeachkeycanalsobeaccessedbyholdingdownthekey.ThisfeaturecanbedisabledinSettings.

====DisplayModes====

===DisplayModes===

Therearefourdisplaymodesforcalculationresults.Usethe[FSE]keytocyclethroughthemodes.Thedisplaywillshow'FIX','SCI','ENG'orblanktoindicatethecurrentmode.===DecimalPlaces===TosetthenumberofdecimalplacesinFIX,SCIorENGmodes,press[SHIFT][TAB].Thiswillbringupadialogtoselectthenumberofplacesfrom0to9,togetherwiththecurrentvalueroundedtoeach.===Normalmode===

Theresultisdisplayedasanormalfloatingpointvalueifpossible.Ifitsmagnitudeislessthan0.0001orgreaterthan9999999999,thenscientificnotationisused(seeSCImodebelow.Thenumberofdecimalplacescannotbeadjustedinthismode.

===FIXmode(Fixeddecimalpoint===

Theresultisdisplayedafterroundingtothenumberofdecimalplacesselectedby[SHIFT][TAB].Ifthereisnotenoughroom,theresultmaybedisplayedwithfewerdecimalplaces.

===SCImode(Scientificnotation===

TheresultisdisplayedintheformatAx10^B^,withthemantissa(Aroundedtothenumberofdecimalplacesselectedby[SHIFT][TAB].

===ENGmode(Engineeringnotation===

ThisisthesameasSCImode,exceptthattheexponentissettoamultipleof3.

===Note===

Thevalueusedforcalculationsistheunroundedresultstoredinternally,andnottheroundedvalueshownonthedisplay.

====ResultHistory====

===ResultHistory===Eachtimethe[EQU]keyispressed,thecalculationresultisaddedtoahistorylist.The[ANS]keypresentsadialogshowingthecalculationresulthistory,withthemostrecentresultsatthetop.Selecttherequiredvaluetoenteritintothecalculator.

===HistorySize===

ThemaximumnumberofresultswhicharestoredcanbesetviatheSettingsscreen(Menu->Settings.Whensetto'Off',the[ANS]keysimplyrecallsthelastresult,withoutshowingadialog.

===UniqueHistory===

Bydefault,thevaluesinthehistorylistareunique.Ifacalculationresultisthesameasonealreadyinthehistorylist,thisvalueismovedtothetop.ThisbehaviourcanbechangedviatheSettingsscreen.===HistoryReset===

ThehistorylistcanalsobeclearedviatheSettingsscreen.

====Memories====

===MainMemory===

Themainmemoryhasfourdedicatedfunctionkeys:

~[MS]storesthecurrentdisplayvalueintothemainmemory.

~[MR]recallsthevaluestoredinthemainmemory.

~[MP]addsthecurrentdisplayvaluetothemainmemory.

~[MM]subtractsthecurrentdisplayvaluefromthemainmemory.

Wheneveranon-zerovalueisstoredinthemainmemory,theletter'M'isshownonthedisplay.Themainmemorycanalsobeaccessedviathe[STO]and[RCL]keys(seebelow.===AdditionalMemories===

Therearenineadditionalmemorieswhichcanbeaccessedviathe[STO]and[RCL]keys.Thesekeysshowadialogwiththecurrentvaluesstoredinthemainmemory'M'andtheadditionalmemories'1'to'9'.Selecttheappropriatevaluetostoreorrecallthememoryvalue.

===MemoryReset===

ThevaluesstoredinallthememoriescanberesettozeroviatheSettingsscreen.

====UnitConversion====

===UnitConversion===

Thecurrentdisplayvaluecanbeconvertedbetweendifferentunitsusingthe[CONV]key.

~First,selecttheunittypefromthelist(distance,area,speed,time,etc.

~Thedialogwillshowthevalueconvertedtoallappropriateunits,withtheoriginalvaluehighlightedinorange.

~Selecttherequiredvaluetoenteritintothecalculator.

~Pressthebackbuttonatanytimetogobacktothepreviousstep.

===ZeroValues===

Formostconversions,anoriginalvalueof0.0willbereplacedby1.0asaconveniencetoavoidconvertingzerotozero.Thisdoesnotapplytoconversionswhicharenotasimpleratio,e.g.temperature.===Note===

Theunitconversiondialogonlydisplaysvaluesindecimal,thecurrentradixmode(BIN,OCTorHEXisignored.

====BasicFunctions====

===ArithmeticCalculations===

Theseareenteredexactlyaswritten:

25[MUL]3[EQU]{75.}

Operationscanbejoinedtogether:

12[ADD]3[SUB]4[EQU]{11.}

Multiplicationanddivisionhaveprecedenceoveradditionandsubtractionandwillbeperformedfirst:1[ADD]2[MUL]3[EQU]{7.}

Theparentheseskeyscanbeusedtooverridethenormalprecedence:

[OBKT]1[ADD]2[CBKT][MUL]3[EQU]{9.}

Thereisnolimittothenumberofparentheseswhichcanbeentered.

===RepeatCalculations===

Repeatcalculationscanbeperformedwithoutre-enteringthevalueandfunctionkey,forexample:

10[ADD]20[EQU]{30.}

20isnowaconstantforaddition:60[EQU]{80.}30[EQU]{50.}

[EQU]{70.}

[EQU]{90.}

Similarlyforsubtraction,multiplicationanddivision:

10[SUB]3[EQU]{7.}

15[EQU]{12.}

7[EQU]{4.}

5[MUL]2[EQU]{10.}

7[EQU]{14.}

100[DIV]4[EQU]{25.0}

80[EQU]{20.}

===PercentageCalculations===

~Whatis10%of200?

200[MUL]10[PC][EQU]{20.}

~Whatpercentageof36is9?

9[DIV]36[PC][EQU]{25.}

~Whatisa10%increaseof200?

200[ADD]10[PC][EQU]{220.}

~Whatisa20%decreaseof500?500[SUB]20[PC][EQU]{400.}

===PowersandRoots===

~Find20^2^

20[SQR]{400.}

~Find6^3^

6[SHIFT][CUBE]{216.}

~Findthesquarerootof25

25[SQRT]{5.}

~Findthecuberootof64

64[SHIFT][CBRT]{4.}

~Findthe4throotof81

81[SHIFT][ROOT]4[EQU]{3.}

===Reciprocals===

~Find1/41/5

4[SHIFT][OVER][ADD]5[SHIFT][OVER][EQU]{0.45}

===Constants===

~Find2pi

2[MUL][SHIFT][PI][EQU]{6.283185307}

~Find1/e[SHIFT][E][SHIFT][OVER]{0.367879441}

====AdvancedFunctions====

===LogarithmsandExponentiation===

20[DP]1[LN]{3.000719815}

~Findlog(316

316[LOG]{2.499687083}

~Finde^3^

3[SHIFT][EX]{20.08553692}

~Find10^2.5^

2[DP]5[SHIFT][TENX]{316.227766}

===TrigonometricFunctions===

Fortrigonometricfunctions,anglescanbespecifiedindegress,radiansorgradients.The[DRG]keycyclesthroughtheanglemodes,andthedisplaywillshowDEG,RADorGRADtoindicatethecurrentmode.

The[DRGC]keyalsocyclesthroughtheanglemodes,butalsoconvertsthecurrentvalueinthedisplay.

~Findsin(30(inDEGmode

30[SIN]{0.5}~Findtan(pi/4(inRADmode[SHIFT][PI][DIV]4[EQU][TAN]{1.}

~Findarcos(0.5(inDEGmode

[DP]5[SHIFT][ACOS]{60.}

~Convert180degreestoradians

180[DRGC]{3.141592654}

===HyperbolicFunctions===

Forhyperbolicfunctionspressthe[HYP]keybeforepressing[SIN],[COS]or[TAN].Forinversehyperbolicfunctionsuse[HYP]incombinationwith[SHIFT].The'HYP'indicatorwillappearinthedisplay.

~Findsinh(4

4[HYP][SIN]{27.2899172}

~Findarcosh(9

9[SHIFT][HYP][COS]{2.88727095}

===FactorialsandPermutations===

~Find10!

10[SHIFT][FACT]{3628800}

~Findpermutationsof3itemsfrom5

5[SHIFT][NPR]3[EQU]{60.}~Findcombinationsof3itemsfrom55[SHIFT][NCR]3[EQU]{10.}

====Binary,OctalandHex====

===Binary,OctalandHexadecimalModes===

Thesemodesaresetusingthe[BIN],[OCT]and[HEX]keysrespectively.The[DEC]keyreturnstothenormaldecimalmode.Thecurrentvalueonthedisplayisconvertedwhenswitchingmodes.

WheninBIN,OCTorHEXmodes,calculationsareperformedonintegervaluesupto12digits.Non-integerresultswillbetruncated.

===DigitKeys===

~Inbinarymode,onlythedigitkeys[0]and[1]areused.

~Inoctalmode,onlythedigitkeys[0]to[7]areused.

~Inhexadecimalmode,thedigitkeys[0]to[9]and[KPA]to[KPF]areused.

===NegativeValues===

Negativevaluesarerepresentedin2's,8'sor16'scomplementnotation.

Example:

[SHIFT][DEC][1][SGN]{-1.}

[SHIFT][BIN]{b-1.}

[SHIFT][OCT]{o-1.}

[SHIFT][HEX]{x-1.}Pressingthe[SGN]keychangesfromnormaltocomplementaryform:[SHIFT][BIN]111[SGN]{b-7.}

[SGN]{b7.}

===LogicalOperations===

InBIN,OCTorHEXmodes,additionallogicaloperationkeysbecomeavailable:

[NOT]-bitwiseinversion

[AND]-bitwiselogicalAND

[NAND]-bitwiselogicalNAND

[OR]-bitwiselogicalOR

[NOR]-bitwiselogicalNOR

[XOR]-bitwiseexclusive-OR

[XNOR]-bitwiseexclusive-NOR

===HistoryandMemoryDialogs===

WheninBIN,OCTorHEXmodes,thevaluesinthehistoryandmemorydialogsarepresentedinthecurrentmode.Valueswhichcannotbeconvertedtothecurrentmodeareshownas'Outofrange'andcannotbeselected.

====RPNMode====

===ReversePolishMode===ThismodeisenabledviatheSettingsscreen.Inthismode,valuesareenteredfirst,followedbythefunctionkey.Valuesarepushedontoastackusingthe[ENTER]key.Functionstaketheirargumentsoffthebottomofthestack,andpushtheirresultbackontothestack.Thedepthofthestackisunlimited.

Functionswhichrequireasingleargument,suchas[SQR]or[SIN],simplyoperateon

Xandreplaceit,inthesamewayasnormalmode:

5[SQR]{X:25.}

Functionswhichrequiretwoarguments,suchas[DIV]or[POW],takeXandYoffthestackandput

theresu