2023版高三一轮总复习英语北师大版（皖）第1部分选择性必修第1册UNIT 1RELATIONSHIPS

18/18课标单词背诵(先填后背)第一组1．traitn．特性，品质2．niecen．侄女，外甥女3．nephewn．侄子，外甥4．humourn．幽默感5．passionateadj.热爱的，酷爱的；具有强烈信念的6．outgoingadj.外向的，好交际的7．secondaryadj.中等教育；中级的；次要的8．flun．流行性感冒，流感9．occasionallyadv.偶尔；偶然10．emotionaladj.情感上的；情绪上的11．extremelyadv.极度，极其12．gratefuladj.感激的，感谢的13．practicaladj.实际的；实践的；切实可行的14．anglen．角15．hydrogenn．氢16．rocketn．火箭17．pourvt.灌，注，倒18．fueln．燃料19．presentationn．报告；陈述，说明20．acidn．酸21．onionn．洋葱22．accessn．进入；接触的机会23．worthwhileadj.值得做的；重要的；有益的24．upsetvt.使生气，使心烦意乱adj.烦恼的，心烦意乱的25．ashamedadj.羞愧的；内疚的；惭愧的26．intentionn．意图，目的；打算27．demandingadj.要求严格的；费力的28．effectiveadj.有效的29．raisevt.提出，提起30．highlightvt.标出；突出显示31．mannern．方式，方法32．sensitiveadj.敏感的；善解人意的33．laptopn．笔记本电脑，便携式电脑34．constantlyadv.持续不断地35．appn．应用程序36．dormn．寝室，学生宿舍37．flown．流动；vi.流，流动第二组1．barelyadv.几乎不2．reservedadj.含蓄的；内敛的3．wiredadj.联网的；极其兴奋的4．realityn．现实；真实5．millionn．百万6．maten．朋友，伙伴7．dominatevi.&vt.主宰，支配，控制8．deadlinen．截止日期，最后期限9．scrollvi.上下滚动10．inchn．英寸11．stimulationn．刺激12．chasevi.&vt.努力赢得n．追逐，追赶13．desperateadj.拼命的；绝望的14．intenseadj.紧张的，激烈的；剧烈的15．delayvi.&vt.推迟，延期16．bendvi.&vt.弯腰；俯身17．extraordinaryadj.令人惊奇的，异乎寻常的18．rudeadj.无礼的19．appointmentn．约定；约会20．alcoholicn．酗酒者，嗜酒成瘾者adj.(含)酒精的21．organisevt.组织，筹划22．behalfn．代表……23．topicn．话题，题目24．innovationn．革新，创新25．clarityn．清楚，清晰26．progressionn．变化，发展27．engagementn．参与28．sincerelyadv.真诚地，由衷地29．belongvt.属于30．approvaln．赞许；同意31．defendvi.&vt.保护，保卫32．principlen．原则；行为准则33．unmotivatedadj.不积极的，不主动的34．politicsn．政治，政治活动35．contrastn．差异，差别vt.形成对比36．motivationn．动力，积极性[单词拼写·运用]核心单词语境运用1．hostvt.主办；做……的东道主n．主人；主持人2．incredibleadj.难以置信的；极好的3．lackvt.缺乏4．dragvt.拖，拉5．handlevt.处理(难题)；应付(局面)用所给词的适当形式填空。1．Japanhosted(host)theOlympicGamesinTokyoin2021．2．Ifeltincredibly(incredible)ashamedofmyselfforgettingsoangry.3．Thoughlacking(lack)money,hisparents,makingtheirlivingbyworkingabroad,managedtosendhimtoakeymiddleschool.4．He'snotaverygoodfather—hedoesn'tknowhowtohandle(handle)hischildren.5．Hegotupanddragged(drag)hischairtowardsthetable.派生单词语境运用1．behavevt.&vi.举动；(举止或行为)表现→behaviourn．行为2．educatevt.教育；训练→educatedadj.受过教育的；有教养的→educationn．教育→educationaladj.教育的→educationalistn．教育(学)家3．preferv．偏爱；更喜欢→preferencen．偏爱，偏好4．distractvt.使(人)分心；分散(注意力)→distractedadj.心神不定的，精神无法集中的→distractionn．使人分心的事物5．depressvt.使愁苦；使沮丧→depressedadj.沮丧的，忧愁的→depressingadj.令人沮丧的→depressionn．抑郁；沮丧6．complainvi.&vt.抱怨；不满；发牢骚→complaintn．抱怨；不满7．invitev．邀请→invitationn．邀请8．competevi.竞争→competitorn．选手，参赛者→competitionn．竞争→competitiveadj.竞争的；有竞争力的用所给词的适当形式填空。1．Charlesisaveryfamouseducationalexpert,whoreceivededucationinAmerica.(educate)2．Shesufferedfromseveredepressionafterlosingherjob,whichmadeherparentsverydepressed．(depress)3．Heprefersmusicwhilehistwinsisterhasapreferencefordancing.(prefer)4．Themanagerreceivedaletterofcomplaint,inwhichthecustomercomplainedabouttheirbadservice.(complain)5．Hebehavedsorudelyinhisbirthdayparty.Ithinkhisbehaviourwasnotinkeepingwiththeoccasion.(behave)6.Hermindwasdistractedfromherstudieslastnightwithsomanydistractionsaroundher.(distract)7．Theotherday,IreceivedaninvitationfromGary,invitingmetogotoPariswithhim.(invite)8．Sixteencompetitorswerecompetingforthegoldmedalinthecompetition.(compete)1．(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)Hisjobistositbesidethepianistandturnthepagesofthescoresothemusiciandoesn'thavetobreaktheflowofsoundbydoingitthemselves. BA．流动 B．流畅 C．不断供应2．(2020·浙江卷)Farmingproducedmorefoodperpersonthanhuntingandgathering，sopeoplewereabletoraisemorechildren. CA．提高 B．筹集 C．抚养3．(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)...withtheaimofexploringtheinfluenceofChineseaesthetics(美学)onWesternfashionandhowChinahasfueledthefashionableimaginationforcenturies. AA．增加，激发 B．给……提供燃料 C．给(交通工具)加油[短语理解·运用]高频短语语境运用1．forthefirsttime初次，第一次2．pourinto投入(倒)……于某物3．acoupleof一双，一对4．associatewith与某人交往5．obsessover对……担心6．chatteraway喋喋不休7．onbehalfofsb.代表某人8．sofar到目前为止；迄今为止9．takeup占据10．incontrastto和……对比选用左面短语的适当形式填空。1．Thoughmeetingforthefirsttime,thetwochattedfreelyforthreehoursandregrettednothavingmeteachotherearlier.2．Lettershavebeenpouringintotheofficecomplainingaboutthiskindofrefrigerator.3．I'veonlybeenhereacoupleofweeksandIdon'treallyknowthesituation.4．Associatewithpositivepeopleandprotectyourselffromalltypesofnegativity.5．Partofthereasonwhyweobsessoverourworkisbecausewewantittobemistake­free.6．Thatsofawouldtakeuptoomuchroomintheflat.[句式辨识·运用]教材原句背诵句式结构仿写1．as...as...However，IhavenotdoneaswellwithallmystudentsasIhavewithGraham.这部电影和那部电影一样有趣。Thisfilmisasinterestingasthatone．2．notall部分否定However，IhavenotdoneaswellwithallmystudentsasIhavewithGraham.不是所有的人都适合从事那类工作。Notallmenaresuitableforthatkindofwork.3．it作形式宾语Accordingtoresearch，overtwo­thirdsofyoungpeoplefinditeasiertomakefriendsonlinethanitis“inreallife”．他发现戒烟很困难。Hefounditveryhardtobreakthecigarettehabit．1．gratefuladj.感激的，感谢的[高考原句·2018·全国卷Ⅲ]Heisgrateful.(1)begratefuleq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(tosb.forsth.因某事而感激,某人,todosth.因做某事而感激,that...感激……))(2)Iwouldbegratefulif...如果……，我将不胜感激I'mextremelygratefultohim.我非常感激他。Wewouldbegratefulforanyinformationyoucouldgiveus.如你能提供信息我们将感激不尽。begratefultoalltheteachersfortheirhelp感谢所有老师的帮助givehimagratefulsmile感激地对他笑了笑[基础练习]——单句语法填空/单句改错①Iwillbedeeplygratefultoyouforyourkindnessfortherestofmylife.②I'dbegratefulthatyouwouldkeepitasecret. that→if[链接写作]——完成句子你如果能让我尽快知道我将不胜感激。I'dbegratefulifyoucouldletmeknowassoonaspossible.2．practicaladj.实际的；实践的；切实可行的[高考原句·2020·全国卷Ⅰ]Dataaboutthemoon'scomposition，suchashowmuchiceandothertreasuresitcontains，couldhelpChinadecidewhetheritsplansforafuturelunar(月球的)basearepractical.practicen．实践；实际行动；惯例；惯常做的事v．练习；实习；实行inpractice实际上；事实上practice(doing)sth.练习(做)某事Mylackofpracticalexperienceisadisadvantage.我缺少实际经验是个不利条件。apracticalmethod实用的方法；有效的方法for(all)practicalpurposes实际上[基础练习]——单句语法填空/单句改错①Listen!Someoneispracticingplaying(play)thepiano.②Thiskindofproductisworthlessforallpracticepurposes.practice→practical[链接写作]——完成句子我想要谈谈我们在实践中是如何应用这些原则的。Iwanttospeakabouthowweapplytheseprinciplesinpractice．3．pour[课本义]vt.灌，注，倒[增补义]vi.下大雨，倾盆而下；不断涌向(或涌现)[高考原句·2020·全国卷Ⅰ]AfterthatIpouredoilintoapanandturnedonthestove.pourinto投入(倒)……于某物pourout倒出；涌出；倾诉pourin涌进pouroutof...从……中涌出来pourdown(雨)倾盆而降AlthoughIpoureditcarefully,Istillspiltsome.尽管我倒这东西很小心，但还是洒了一些。Shewatchedtherainpouringdownthewindows.她注视着顺着窗户往下流的大雨。theraincontinuedtopourdown大雨哗哗地下个不停hisletterscontinuedtopourin他的信纷至沓来[基础练习]——单句语法填空/单句改错①Walkingthreemilesinthepouring(pour)rainisnotmyideaoffun.②Theraysofthesunpourintothroughthewindow. into→in[链接写作]——完成句子近来捐赠的食物已从全国各地涌来。Fooddonationshavepouredinfromalloverthecountryrecently.4．access[课本义]n.进入；接触的机会[增补义]vt.存取(计算机文件)；到达；进入；使用[高考原句·2021·全国甲卷]WeaccessedthewallthroughtheSouthGate.(1)gain/get/have/obtainaccessto可以到达/使用/得到(机会，权利等)giveaccessto得以接近；准许进入(2)accessibleadj.可接近的；可进入的；可使用的beaccessibletosb.易被某人接近/使用/进入等Youcaneasilygetaccesstoher.你很容易接近她。Peopleinthatmountainareahadnoaccesstoeducation.那个山区的人们没有受教育的机会。theonlyaccesstothevillage通往村庄的唯一道路alloweasyaccessforwheelchairs便于轮椅进出[名师点津]access的本意是进入某一地点的“通道，入口”，侧重进入的手段与途径，其含义是抽象的，一般用作不可数名词。其引申义可指“接近或取得……的方法、手段、权力等”，常与介词to连用。此外，access在计算机术语中可作“访问，进网”讲。[基础练习]——单句语法填空/单句改错①Studentsinourschoolhaveaccesstogoodinformationresources.②Medicineshouldnotbekeptwhereitisaccessiblechildren. accessible后加to[链接写作]——完成句子学生必须有机会使用好的资源。Studentsmusthaveaccesstogoodresources.5．intentionn．意图，目的；打算[高考原句·2020·全国卷Ⅱ]Writtencommunicationscanoftenreadascoldanddull.Usingemojiscanaddhumorandfeeling，keepingintentionclear.(1)withtheintentionof...打算……；以……为目的withoutintention无意地；不是故意地havenointentiontodo/ofdoingsth.无意做某事(2)intendv．打算；想要intendtodosth.打算做某事beintendedfor...专门供……使用Hehasalreadystatedhisintentiontorunforelection.他已声明打算参加竞选。havenointentionofgoingtotheparty无意去参加晚会havetheintentiontobecomethebesttennisplayerintheworld想要成为世界上最好的网球运动员[基础练习]——单句语法填空/单句改错①Thisbookisintendedforthegeneralreaderratherthanthestudent.②Sheintendstofight(fight)tomakeitawoman'saswellasaman'sworld.③Theyhavenointentionsofcarryingoutwhattheyhavedeclared. intentions→intention[链接写作]——完成句子他离开英格兰，打算去非洲旅行。HeleftEnglandwiththeintentionoftravellinginAfrica.6．complainvi.&vt.抱怨；不满；发牢骚[高考原句·2020·江苏卷]Onefunnyobservationaboutaprobleminyourlifecanbefunny，butfiveisjustcomplaining，nomatterhowsmartyouthinkyouare.(1)complainabout/of抱怨……complainto向……投诉(2)complaintn．抱怨；不满makeacomplaintabout/of抱怨……Theycomplainedabouttheexcessivenoisecomingfromtheupstairsflat.他们抱怨楼上发出的噪音太大。Thetouristcomplainedthattheroomwastoodirty.游客抱怨说房间太脏了。it'snogoodcomplaining抱怨毫无用处can'tcomplain没的抱怨的[基础练习]——单句语法填空/单句改错①I'mgoingtocomplaintothecouncilaboutthis!②Alltheguestscomplainedaboutthenoise.③Wereceivedanumberofcomplaintfromcustomersaboutthelackofparkingfacilities. complaint→complaints[链接写作]——完成句子我要就他的服务向经理投诉。I'mgoingtocomplaintothemanagerabouthisservice.7．appointment[课本义]n．约定；约会[增补义]n．任命；委任；职务；职位[高考原句·2020·新高考Ⅱ卷]Torememberallthequestionsyouhavewhenyouarenotinthedoctor'soffice,writethemdownandbringthelistwithyoutoyourappointment.(1)make/fixanappointmentwith与……约会keep/breakone'sappointment赴约/失约(2)appointvt.任命，委派，约定(时间、地点等)appointsb.任命某人appointsth.(forsth.)(为某事)确定(日期、场所)appointsb.as/tobe...把某人任命为……appointsb.todosth.指派某人做某事Shemadeanappointmentforhersontoseethedoctor.她为儿子约定了看医生的时间。Ibelievehewillgetagoodappointment.我相信他会获得一个好职位的。keepanappointment守约attheappointedtime在约定的时间[基础练习]——单句语法填空/单句改错①TheyappointedhimascaptainoftheEnglandteam.②Wemustappointsomeonetoact(act)assecretary.③Thetimeappointingforthemeetingwas10：30.appointing→appointed[链接写作]——完成句子如果电话预约，你就免得等了。Ifyouphoneforanappointment,it'llsaveyouwaiting.8．defendvi.&vt.保护，保卫(1)defendsb./sth.from/against...保护某人/某物免受……(2)defencen．防护；防御indefenceof...保卫/防御……Allourofficersaretrainedtodefendthemselvesagainstknifeattacks.我们所有的警察都接受过自卫训练，能够对付持刀袭击。defendoneself自卫；自我辩护defendheragainstdanger保护她免遭危险defendthenationalinterest保护民族利益[基础练习]——单句语法填空/单句改错①Thesoldiersfoughtbravelyindefence(defend)oftheircountry.②We'dbetterstartthinkingofawaytodefendourselves(us).③Wemustbereadytodefendourcountryofaggression.of→from/against[链接写作]——完成句子功夫的首要原则是自卫。Thefirstlawofkungfuistodefendyourself.9．usedto过去经常，曾经usedtodosth.表示“过去经常做某事”，现在已经不再做了be/getusedto(doing)sth.表示“习惯于(做)某事”，现在依旧在做beusedtodosth.表示“被用于做某事”，是被动语态Iusedtocook，butIdon'thavetimetocooknow.我以前总做饭，但是现在没时间做了。notwhatitusedtobe不是以前那个样子了usedtogosailingonthelakeinsummer从前在夏天经常泛舟湖上[基础练习]——单句语法填空/单句改错①Nowhehasgotusedtogoing(go)toworkbybike.②Knivesareusedtocuttingthings. cutting→cut[链接写作]——完成句子①这个可以用来做相同的事情。Itcanbeusedtodothesamething.②她将会习惯于早起。Shewillbeusedtogettingupearly.③我过去经常在清晨去取邮件。Iusedtogetthemailearlyinthemorning.10．onbehalfofsb.代表某人[高考原句·2021·浙江1月卷]Firstofall,pleaseallowmetoexpressawarmwelcometoyouonbehalfofourschool.onbehalfofsb.＝onsb.'sbehalf代表某人；象征；表示(字母、数字、符号等)standfor代表；象征representv．代表；象征；表示Iamdoingaprojectonbehalfofmyschoolaboutglobalwarming.我代表学校正在进行一个关于全球变暖方面的课题研究。thankyouallonbehalfofmyfamily代表我的家人感谢大家accepttheprizeonhisbehalf代他领奖[基础练习]——单句语法填空/单句改错①Whatdothelettersontheflagstandfor?②Myhusbandcouldnotbeheretonight，butIwanttothankyouforbehalfofhim. for→on[链接写作]——一句多译曾经，我代表我们学校参加全国女主持人演讲比赛，并且获得了一等奖。①OnceItookpartinanationalhostessspeakingcontestonbehalfofourschoolandwonfirstprize.②OnceIrepresentedourschooltotakepartinanationalhostessspeakingcontestandwonfirstprize.11．takeup[课本义]占据[增补义]拿起；开始从事；继续takein吸收；收留；欺骗；领会takeon雇用；承担(工作、责任)；呈现takeover接管take...forgranted认为……理所当然Hetookupapositioninthecentreoftheroom.他占据了房间中心的位置。Rogertookuppaintingforawhile,butsoonlostinterest.罗杰有段时间喜欢上了绘画，但很快就又没了兴趣。takeuptoomuchspace占用太多的空间takeupacompetitivesport从事竞技体育运动takeupthechallengeof开始接受……的挑战[基础练习]——单句语法填空/单句改错①Technologyisheretohelpus，butweshouldnotallowittotakeoverourlives.②ThesepromisesareatrapandIwon'tbetakenin．③Don'ttakeupmoreresponsibilitiesthanyoucanhandle. up→on[链接写作]——完成句子我知道您肯定特别忙，我当然不想占用您太多的时间。IknowhowbusyyoumustbeandnaturallyIwouldn'twanttotakeuptoomuchofyourtime．12．[教材原句]Buthe'salsoneverfeltmorealone．但他也从未感到如此孤单。句中never...more...为比较级的否定形式表示最高级含义。最高级意义的多种表达法通常有以下几种：(1)否定词＋形容词/副词比较级(＋than)(2)否定词＋so/as＋形容词/副词原级＋as(3)比较级＋than＋theother＋名词复数anyother＋名词单数anyoftheother＋名词复数anything/anyoneelse[金句推送]Atthatmoment，nothingcouldbebetterthanhersmile.在那一刻，没有什么能比她的微笑更美的了。[基础练习]——单句语法填空/单句改错①Icouldn'tagreewithyoumore(much).②Nootherbookhashadagreateffectonmylife. great→greater[链接写作]——一句多译李洋在班里学习最努力。①LiYangstudiesharderthantheotherstudentsinhisclass.(theother)②LiYangstudiesharderthananyotherstudentinhisclass.(anyother)③LiYangstudiesharderthananyoftheotherstudentsinhisclass.(oftheother)④LiYangstudiesharderthananyoneelseinhisclass.(anyone)13．[教材原句]Accordingtoresearch，overtwo­thirdsofyoungpeoplefinditeasiertomakefriendsonlinethanitis“inreallife”．根据调查，超过三分之二的年轻人认为在网上交友比在“现实生活”中更容易。it作形式宾语，常见于以下动词之后：think,make,find,feel,consider，suppose等。[金句推送](2019·全国卷Ⅲ)Makeapoint,andmakeitsafeforotherstodothesame.认真说明问题，让其他人也能准确地回答你的问题。[基础练习]——单句语法填空/单句改错①Whereverheis，hemakesitaruletodorunningforanhoureveryday.②Thefactthatshewasaforeignermadeitdifficultforhergetajobinthatcountry. get前加to[链接写作]——完成句子她觉得照顾好她生病的母亲是她的责任。Shefeelsitherdutytotakegoodcareofhersickmother.夯基固本——基础落实Ⅰ．用所给词的正确形式填空。1．Heputforwardapractical(practice)planatthemeetingyesterday.2．Themostimportantfilesofthesystemareallaccessible(access)fromhere.3．Iwasn'tusedtocitylife，butnowIhavegotusedtoliving(live)inthiscity.4.Therewasafloodofwaterpouring(pour)intothebasement.5．Insomecasespeoplehavehadtowaitseveralweeksforanappointment(appoint).Ⅱ．改正句中的错误。1．Iwanttomakecomplaintforhisbadattitude. make后加a2．Fortheintentionofmakingafortune，moreandmorepeopleintendedtoinvesthere. For→With3．Manypeopleexpressedastrongpreferenceoftheoriginalplan.of→for4．Youhavenoideahowdepressingitmademe.depressing→depressed5．TVcanbeawelcomingdistractionafterahardday'swork. welcoming→welcomeⅢ．在空白处填入一个适当的词。1．Don'tmisunderstandme─Iamgratefulforallyou'vedone.2．Ifinditeasytoworkthismathproblemoutwiththismethod.3．ThisisaneffectivemethodforChinesestudentstolearnEnglishwell.4．Maryhaswrittenasmanyessaysasherbrother.5．Thisisaloteasierwhenyouassociatewithpositivepeople.查缺补漏——知识拾遗Ⅰ．用所给词的正确形式填空。1．Hisbadbehaviour(behave)broughtshametothewholeschool.2．AnEnglishDramaCompetitionwillbeorganised(organise)inourschoolnextweek.3．Asisknowntousall，Chinaisadevelopingcountrybelonging(belong)totheThirdWorld.4．Itisn'tworthwhilequarrelling/toquarrel(quarrel)withheraboutsuchlittlethings.5．Ihopethatthearrangementswillmeetwithyourapproval(approve).Ⅱ．在空白处填入一个适当的词。1．Youshouldbeashamedofhavingtoldalietoher.2．IrealizedthatheandIbelongedtodifferentworlds.3．Herfatherwillneverapproveofhermarryingsuchalazyfellow.4．Theclassroomteachermustbesensitivetoachild'sneeds.5．Hedidnotfinishhisschoolingforlackofmoney.强技提能——语言运用Ⅰ．课文语法填空短文中黑体部分为本单元核心知识点，请在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并背诵该短文。Grahamusedtobenotverygoodatmostschool1．subjects(subject).Butwhenhewas15andwentintoMrJenkins'class，hereallybecameinterested2．inscienceforthefirsttime.BeforeMrJenkinstaughthim，sciencehad3．simply(simple)beenasubjectfullofstrangewordstoGraham.Hefounditallso4.boring(bore)anddifficult.ButMrJe