考研英语模拟264

［模拟］考研英语模拟264多项选择Istheresomethingastruth?Forgoodmanycenturies“thesearchfortruth“hasbeen 1 thenoblestactivityofthehumanmind,buttheseekersaftertruthhavecometosuch 2 conclusionsthatitoftenseemsthatverylittleprogresshasbeenmade. 3 ,therearemanypeoplewhofeelthatweareactuallygoingbackward 4 ourknowledge.They 5 ,oftencontemptuously,thatwehavemore“knowledge”thanourancestors,buttheythinkwearefartherfromthetruththanever,oreventhatwehave 6 thetruththatweoncepossessed.Ifpeoplelookforanythinglongenoughwithoutfindingit,thequestionnaturallyarises 7 thethingisreallytheretofind.Youhaveseenapictureofananimalwithalion，shead,agoat，sbody,andaserpent，stail-andmaybeaneagle，swingsforgood 8 .Thereisplentyofevidencethateachpartofthisanimal 9 -butthereisno 10 evidencethatthepartseveroccurinthiscombination.Itisatleast 11 thattheseekersafter“truth“havemadeasimilarmistakeandinventedan 12 combination.Itis 13 toconsiderthatthenountruthcomesfromtheadjectivetrue,andthattheLatinwordfortruth,veritas,alsocomesfromanadjective,verus.Inbothlanguagesthenotionoftrue-accurate, 14 tofacts-seemstohavedevelopedbeforethenotionoftruth.Wecannotdefinitelyprovethis, 15 evenolderwordsmeaning“truth“mayhavebeenforgotten,butitseems 16 .Ifyouwanttofindoutwhetheramanhastoldthetruth,you 17 hiswordswithfacts.Ifthey 18 ,youdecidethathisstatementwastrue.Youmaythensayeitherthathiswordsweretrueorthathespokethetruth-butyoucannotsimply 19 wordstofindoutwhetherthereissomethingcalledtruthinthem.Yoursecondstatementismerelyagrammatical 20 ofthefirst.第1题：A.regardedB.consideredC.ponderedD.referred参考答案：B答案解析：considered考点:词汇辨义。线索：本句意义及句型。辨：considersth.sth.认为某物如何。因而被动语态为sth.beconsidered...oregard句型:regardsth.assth.o被动语态为sthberegardedas...oponderv.沉思，考虑。refervt.vi.提到，涉及，查阅，咨询。第2题：illegalidenticaldifferentprofound参考答案：C答案解析：different考点：上下文辨义词。线索：据上下文，C项意义最可能。“人们的结论是如此不同，往往看起来几乎没有取得什么进步。"辨：illegala.违法的,不合规定的。identicala.同一的，同样的。profounda,深刻的，意义深远的，渊博的。第3题：HoweverNeverthelessInfactIncontrast参考答案：C答案解析：Infact事实上。考点：上下文意关联。线索：本句是对上一句的细节发展，说明“没有取得什么进步。"辨：howeverad,无论如何，然而，可是。neverthelessad.仍然，不过。incontrast相反，对比之下。第4题：abandontoderiveC.toenrichD.toaccumulate参考答案：D答案解析：toaccumulate考点：上下文辨义选词。线索：据空白后的knowledge.辨：由于上下文没有赞扬的意义，所以不用enrich.其他两项意义不符。abandonvt,放弃，遗弃。derivevt.得自vi.起源(from)。第5题:confessrealizeadmitreveal参考答案：c答案解析：admit承认。考点：上下文辨义选词。线索：据下文that从句意义，“他们也承认，只不过往往是轻蔑地承认，我们比祖先有更多的'知识”。辨：confessv.承认，坦白，忏悔。往往用于承认错误，不行。realizevt.认识到，了解，实现，实行。revealvt.展现，显示，揭示，暴露。第6题：foundmissedlostD.enriched参考答案：C答案解析：lost丧失。考点：从句边词。线索：本句意义，“甚至丧失了我们曾经拥有的真理。”第7题：whilethatwhenwhether参考答案：D答案解析：whether考点：从句连词。线索：这个从句是主语question的同位语，被较短的谓语部分隔断。既然是“问题”，对应的就是“是否”。第8题：measureluckreasonsense参考答案：A答案解析：measure考点：常用结构。线索：短语forgoodmeasuread.作为额外增添。鹰的翅膀不代表幸运、理智或理性，因此其他几项都用不上。第9题：enduresexistsprevailsemerges参考答案：B答窠解析：exists存在。考点：上下文辨义选词。线索：本句意义，“这种动物每一部分都存在。”第10题：appropriateuniquereliabledependent参考答案：C答案解析：reliable可靠的。考点：上下文辨义选词。线索：与下文evidence搭配。辨：appropriatea.适当的。uniquea.独特的，独一无二的。第11题：A.informativeB.thoughtfulconsiderableconsiderable参考答案：D答案解析：conceivablea.可能的，想得到的，可想象的。考点：上下文辨义选词。线索：据上下文D项意义可能。辨：informativea.情报的,提供情报的,见闻广博的。thoughtfula.深思的,有思想性的,体贴的,关切的。considerablea.相当大（或多），值得考虑的，相当可观的。第12题：unbelievableimaginaryimpressiveidealized参考答案：B答案解析：imaginarya.假想的，想象的，虚构的。考点：上下文辨义选词。线索：与前一句意义对应。如同没有可靠证据表明那种组合存在一样，那些追求所谓“真理”的人犯了同样的错误，创造了靠不住的组合。辨：unbelievablea.难以置信的。impressivea.给人深刻印象的，感人的。idealizeda.理想化的。第13题：A.enlighteningB.delightingC.refreshingD.distressing参考答案：A答案解析：enlightening启蒙的，启发人的。考点；上下文辨义选词。线索；据上下文，只有A项意义可能。辨：delighting令人高兴的。refreshinga.提神的，凉爽的，使人喜欢的。Distressinga.悲伤的，使痛苦的，使烦恼的。第14题:A.conformingB.complyingC.matchingD.resembling参考答案：A答案解析：conforming(to,with)vi.符合，相似。a.一致的，顺从的。考点：上下文辨义选词。线索：此句解释true的含义；准确，符合事实。辨：comply(with)vi.顺从，答应，遵守。matchv.相配，相称，匹配。resemblevt.象，类似。第15题:althoughsinceifD.therefore参考答案：B答案解析：since因为。考点：从句连词。线索：主从句意义关系。辨：A、C两项意义不符。D项therefore意为：因此，所以。而且是在意义上承上启下的副词，不是连词,不能引导从句。第16题:A.reasonableinevitableincrediblefeasible参考答案：A答案解析：reasonablea.合理的，有道理的，通情达理的，讲道理的。考点：上下文辨义选词。线索：上下文，尽管不能明确证明，但似乎是合理的。辨：inevitablea.不可避免的，必然的。incrediblea.令人难以置信的。feasiblea.可行的，切实可行的。第17题：separatediscerncompareD.distinguish参考答案：C答案解析：compare比较。考点：上下文辨义选词。线索：上下文，将他的话语与事实相比较。辨：separatea.分开的，分离的。v.分开，隔离。discern。v.洞悉，辨别，看清楚。distinguishov.区别，辨别。第18题：suitfitvaryidentify参考答案：B答案解析：fitvi.适合，符合。考点：上下文辨义选词。线索：承接上文，如果他的话语与事实符合。辨：suitv.合适，相配，适宜于。varyvt.改变，变更，使多样化。vi.变化，不同。identifyvt.识别，鉴别。第19题：surveyauditexamineinvestigate参考答案：c答案解析：examine检查。考点：上下文辨义选词。线索：上下文，检查他所说的话是否真实。辨：surveyvt.调查（收入，民意等）测量，勘定。vi.测量土地。anditn.v.审计，稽核，查账。investigatev.调查，研究。第20题：A.distinctionB.specificationC.deformationD.variation参考答案：D答案解析：variation变化，变异。考点：上下文辨义选词。线索：上下文。前边提到，将他的言行对比，看他的话是否是真的(true)。但不能单从他的话来看是否真实(truth)o因为第二个说法“是否真实"(whetherthereissomethingcalledtruthinthem)只不过是第一个的语法变化而已。(即：将形容词变成了名词。)多项选择Therecanbefewmoredepressingstoriesintheentirehistoryofman，sexploitationofnaturethanthedestructionoftheunfortunategreatwhales.Thewhaleshavenotonlysuffereduntoldcrueltybutnowfacetotalextermination.Alreadyentirepopulationshavebeenwipedout,andtheonlyreasonwhynospecieshasyetbeenfinishedoffisduetothevastnessandinaccessibilityoftheoceans；apocketortwosomewherehasalwaysmanagedtoescape.Howironicifbiologicalextinctionweretocompletethejob.Thebasicruleofextinctionisverysimple:itoccurswhenaspeciesmoralityiscontinuallygreaterthanitsrecruitment.Therearethough,someveryspecialadditionalfactorsinthecaseofwhales.Mandoesnotactuallyhavetokillthelastwhalesofaspecieswithhisownhands,asitwere,tocauseitsdisappearance.Biologicalextinctionwillquicklyfollowtheendofcommercialwhaling,shouldthatendbeduetoashortageofrawmaterial,i.e.ofwhales.Whalershavelongsoughttodefendtheirwretchedtradebyinsistingthatwhalesareautomaticallyprotected:assoonastheybecomerare,andthereforeuneconomictopursue,manwillhavenochoicebuttostopthehunting.Thatisaverynicetheory,butitisthetheoryofanaccountantandnotofabiologist；onlyanaccountantcouldapplycommercialeconomicstocomplexbiologicalsystems.Thereasonsforitsabsurdityaremanyandvaried.Inthecaseofwhaling,itcanbesummedupinthefollowingway.Whenthestockhasbeenreducedbelowacriticallevel,anatural,possiblyunstoppabledownwardspiralbeginsbecauseofthreemainfactors.First,theanimalsluckyenoughtosurvivetheslaughterwillbetooscatteredtolocateoneanotherowingtothevastnessoftheoceans.Secondly,whalesbeingsociableanimalsprobablyneedthestimulusofsizeablegatheringstoinducereproductivebehavior(whichhassocialinferencesaswellassexual).Itisquitelikelythattwoindividualsmeetingthroughchancewillnotbecompatible.(Theycanhardlybeexpectedtobeawareoftheirownrarityortorealizeanyneedforadjustingtheirnaturalinclinations.)ThisisespeciallysowithpolygamousspeciesliketheSpermWhale.Thirdly,andperhapsmostimportantinthelongterm,evenallowingthatthewhalesmightstillbeabletobandtogetherinsociallyacceptablegroups(thankstotheirundeniableexcellentcommunicativesystems),thereisarealdanger,possiblyevenaprobability,thatthewhale*genepoolswouldbythenhavesunksolowastobebiologicallyunviable.Thatistosay,thecharacteristicspossessedbytheoriginalpopulationwouldbewhittleddowntothosecharacterspossessedbyonlythefewremainingindividuals.Theresultofsuchabiologicalcalamityisinbreeding,lessabilitytoadapttonewconditions,andlessindividualvariety.Threewordscansumitup：protractedbiologicalextinction.Thefutureahopesoftheseanimalsarefurtherdiscussedinthefinalchapter.第21题：Whendoesaspeciesbecomeextinct?Whenthereismorehunting.Itisnotmentionedinthearticle.Whenmoreanimalsgoondyingthantheyareborn.Whenhumanbeingscontinuetokillthem.参考答案：C答案解析：文章大意：鲸鱼正遭到大规模的捕杀，接近绝种。作者从三个方面反驳了捕鲸者们认为鲸鱼不会绝种的观点。【C】第二段第一句话指出：“动物绝种的基本规律非常简单，当物种的死亡率不断增加，至超过其出生率时，绝种就出现了。”第22题：Whalersarguethatwhaleswillnotbecomeextinctbecausetheyarenotself-protected.becausetheyarenotworthpursuing.becausetheoceansaresovast.becausehuntingwillstopwhenwhalesbecomerare.参考答案：D答案解析：[D]可见第三段第6-7句。第23题：Thewriterbelievesthatthewhalers，argumentisverynice.ratherabsurd.unreasonable.biologicallyacceptable.参考答案：B答案解析：[B]从文章第三段可找到作者的观点。作者认为，这种理论是会计的，而不是生物学家的理论，只有会计才会将商业经济学运用于复杂的生物系统。第24题：Manyspeciesofwhaleswillnotbreedunlesstheyareinthesamegroupforalongterm.theyareisolatedfromotherspecies.theyareinthecompanyofmanyotherwhales.Thereareenoughgenesavailable.参考答案：C答案解析：[C]见第三段的第二个论点。第25题：Thewriterconsidersthatprotractedbiologicalextinctionisverylikelytohappen.isprobablydangerous.isimportanttohappen.isthemainreasonfortheextinction.参考答案：A答案解析：[A]第三段倒数第二句进行了归纳：“用三个单词概括，延缓生物的灭绝。”WeliveinsouthernCaliforniagrowinggrapes,afirstgenerationofvintners,andourhomeadjacenttothevineyardsandthewinery.Andinordertoearnthemoneytorealizeourdreamofmakingwine,weworkedformanyyearsinabusinessthatdemandedseveralhouseholdmoves,anincredibleamountofrisk-taking.Whenitwastime,wetradedinouroldlife,cinchedupourbeltsandbeganthecreationofthewinery.Wemakesmallamountsofpremiumwine,andourlivesaredictatedbytherhythmofnatureandthedemandsofthelovingvines.ThevinesstartsproutingtinygreentendrilsinMarchandApril,andthebabygrapesbegintoforminminiature,soperfectthattheycanbedippedingoldtoformjewelry.Thegrapesswellandripeninearlyfall,andwhentheirsugarcontentisattherightlevel,theyareharvestedcarefullybyhandandcrushedinsmalllots.Thewineisfermentedandtendeduntilitisreadytobebottled.Thevineyardsshedtheirleaves；thevinesareprunedandmadereadyforthedoormanmonthsandthenextvintage.Itsoundsnice,doesn，tit?Butfromthestartweknewtherewasapricefortheprivilegeofbecomingawinemakingfamily,connectedtothelandandthecapricesofnature.Weworkhardatsomethingwelove；weareslowtopanicoverthedailyemergencies.Somehazardstocompletingasuccessfulvintageareexpectedtohappen:rainjustbeforeharvestingcancausemold；electricityunexpectedlyinterruptedduringthecoldfermentationofwhitewinecandamageit；adelayedpaymentfromamajorclientwhenthemoneyisneeded.Thereareoutsideinfluencesthattakepatience,andgreatperseverance.ThebureauofAlcohol,TobaccoandFirearmsregulateseveryfacetofthewinebusiness.Awinery，srecordsareauditedasoftenastwoorthreetimesayearandeverylabelmustbeapproved.Butthegreatestthreattothewinerycameoutofalawyer，simagination.Ourlittlewinerywasservednoticethatwewerenamedinalawsuitaccusingusofendangeringthepublichealthbyusingleadfoilsonourbottles(itwastheonlymaterialuseduntilrecently)“withoutwarningconsumersofapossiblerisk."Thereitwas,ourwinery，snamelistedwiththeindustry，sgiants.Imusthaveaskedahundredtimes:"whogetsthemoneyifthelawsuitissuccessful?,,theanswerwas,andIneverwasabletoassimilateit,theplaintiffsandtheirlawyerswhofiledthesuit!Sincethelawsuitwasbroughtinbehalfofconsumers,itseemedtomethatconsumersmustgetsomethingifitwasprovedthataleadfoilwasdangeroustothem.Weweretoldoneoftheconsumerclaimantswasanemployeeofthefirmfilingthesuit!Thereareattorneyswhofocustheircareersonlawsuitslikethis.Itisanimmensedangertothesmallbusinessman.Cashreservescanbeusedupintheblinkofaneyewheninthecompanyoflawyers.Aslongasit'spossibleforanyonetosueanybodyforanything,weareallindanger.Aslongasthelegalprofessionallowsmemberstopracticelawdishonorablyandlawyersarecongratulatedforwinningbigmoneyinthisway,we'11allbeplaguedwithacorruptiblejusticesystem.第26题:Thegrapesareharvestedonadatethatmayvary.istraditionallyset.dependsontheapprovaloftheregulatorybureau.isdeterminedbyavailabilityofpickers.参考答案：A答案解析：文章大意：美国加州一户种植葡萄的农户辛苦地种植葡萄，但本该伸张正义的律师却刁难他们，控诉他们的包装瓶上没有注明可能给消费者带来的潜在危险。[A]见第2段的第一句。第27题：Accordingtotheauthor,thelifeofvintnersismostcontrolledbythebureauofAlcohol,TobaccoandFirearms.unexpectedchangesintemperature.thesugarcontentofthegrapes.thetempooftheseasons.参考答案：B答案解析：[B]见第3段的最后一句。第28题：Thewritercomplainsthatwhenshequestionedthelawyersshenevergotananswer.nevergotasimpleanswer.couldmakenosenseoftheanswershegot.couldnotunderstandtheanswershegot.参考答案：C答案解析：[C]本题的答案可从第7段的Ineverwasabletoassimilateit中得出。第29题：Whichofthefollowingsentencesisright?Theauthordescendedfromasmallwinemakingfamily.Thegrapesarecarefullyharvestedandcrushedinsmalllotsbyhand.Theyalwaysdealwithproblemssternly.Theyshouldhaveusedanotherkindofbottle,buttheydidn，t.参考答案：C答案解析：[C]见第4段weworkhardatsomethingwelove.Weareslowtopanicoverthedailyemergencies.Somehazardstocompletingasuccessfulvintageareexpectedtohappen.第30题:ThewriterthinksthatthelegalprofessionA.strivestoprotectconsumers.includesrapaciousattorneys.unfortunatelydoesapoorjobofpolicingitsmembers.ispartofanincorruptiblesystem.参考答案：D答案解析：[D]见第7段的最后一句。IrisRossnerhasseeneasternGermancustomersweepforjoywhentheydriveawayinshiny,newMercedes-Benzsedans."Theyhavetearsintheireyesandkeepsayinghowluckytheyare,“saysRossner.RossnerhasalsoseentheFrenchpopcorksonbottlesofchampagnesastheirnationalflaywashoistedaboveapurchase.AndshehasseenAmericanbusinessexecutives；JapanesetouristsandRussianpoliticianstravelthousandsofmilestoaMercedesplantinsouthwesternGermanywhenaclassicsedanwiththetrademarkthree-pointedstarwasabouttorollofftheassemblylineandintotheirlives.ThosewerethegoodolddaysatMercedes,anerathatbeganduringtheeconomicmiracleofthe1960sandendedin1991.Timeshavechanged."Tenyearsago,wehadclearleadershipinthemarket,“saysMercedesspokesmanHorstKrambeer.uButoverthisperiod,themarkethaschangeddrastically.Wearenowinapitchedbattle.TheJapanesearepartlyresponsible,butMercedeshashadtolearnthehardwaythatevenGermanfirmslikeBMWandAudihavemadeeffortstorisetoourstandardsoftechnicalproficiency.”Mercedesexperiencedoneofitsworstyearseverin1992.Theautomaker，sworldwidecarsalesfellby5percentfromthepreviousyear,toalowof527,500.Beforethedecline,in1988,thecompanycouldsellcloseto600,000carsperyear.InGermanyalone,therewere30,000fewernewMercedesregistrationslastyearthanin1991.Asaresult,productionhasplungedbyalmost50,000carsto529,400lastyear,alevelwellbeneaththecompany，spotentialcapacityof650,000.Mercedes，scompetitionhasbeencatchingupintheUnitedStates,theworld，slargestcarmaker.In1986,Mercedessold100,000vehiclesinAmerica；by1991,thenumberhaddeclinedto59,000.Overthelasttwoyears,thestrugglingcompanyhaslostasliceofitsUSmarketsharetoBMW,Toyota,andNissan.Meanwhile,justasMercedesbeganmakingsomeheadwayinJapan,anotoriousdifficultmarket,theJapaneseeconomyfellonhardtimesandthecompanysawitssalesdeclineby13percentinthatcountry.Revenueswillhardlyimprovethisyear,andthetimehascomeforgettingdowntobusiness.AtMercedes,thatmeanscuttingpayrolls,streamingproductionandopeninguptoconsumerneeds-revolutionarystepsforacompanythatonceconsidereditselfbeyondimprovement.第31题：Theauthor，sintentionincitingvariousnationalities，interestinMercedesistoillustrateMercedes*superiorquality.markermonopoly.salestrategies.pastrecord.参考答案：A答案解析：文章大意：Mercedes品牌的轿车从1960年到1991年曾盛极一时。但之后，BMW和Audi等后起之秀崛起，Mercedes市场占有额连年下降，其辉煌已成历史，要想重新崭露头角，还需实行一系列的改革措施。【A】在文中第一段，作者提及各个国家都对Mercedes表现出极大的兴趣，而且对于公司来说，从表面来看，从1960年到1990年是公司的辉煌时期。在文中第二段，作者提及Mercedes公司现在陷人和别的公司的激战中。除了日本公司外，德国的BMW和Audi公司正努力向Mercedes的技术优势看齐。因此可推断A为正确答案。第32题:Mercedesishavingahardtimebecauseitislaggingbehindintechnology.japanisturningtoBMWforcars.itscompetitioniscatchingup.salesinAmericahavedroppedby13%.参考答案：C答案解析：[C]从文中第二段及上一题后半部分解释可知。第33题:Inthegoodyears,Mercedescouldsellabout527,000cars.529,400cars.600,000cars.650,000cars.参考答案：C答案解析：[C]从文中第三段可知，在销售量下降之前的1998年，公司每年卖出将近600,000辆车。第34题：WhatcausedthedeclineofMercedes'salesinJapan?Japanisaverydifficultcountry.Thestateoftheeconomythere.Competitionfromothercarcompanies.BMWandAudi'simprovedtechnicalstandards.参考答案：B答案解析：[B]从文中第四段最后一句可知B项正确。第35题：What，stheauthor，stoneinthelastparagraph?Indifferent.Objective.Encouraging.Hopeful.参考答案：B答案解析：[B]从末段第一句可知C,D显然是错误的。而从全文来看，作者对Mercedes的发展并不是漠不关心的，只是做一个客观评论。Ascientistwhodoesresearchineconomicpsychologyandwhowantstopredictthewayinwhichconsumerswillspendtheirmoneymuststudyconsumerbehavior.Hemustobtaindatabothontheresourcesofconsumersandonthemotivesthattendtoencourageordiscouragemoneyspending.Ifaneconomistwasaskedwhichofthreegroupsborrowmost-peoplewithrisingincomes,stableincomes,ordecliningincomes—hewouldprobablyanswer:thosewithdeclingincomes.Actually,intheyear1947—1950,theanswerwas:peoplewithrisingincomes.Peoplewithdecliningincomeswerenextandpeoplewithstableincomesborrowedtheleast.Thisshowsusthetraditionalassumptionsaboutearningandspendingisnotalwaysreliable.Anothertraditionalassumptionisthatifpeoplewhohavemoneyexpectpricestogoup,theywillhastentobuy.Iftheyexpectpricestogodown,theywillpostponebuying.Butresearchsurveyshaveshownthatthisisnotalwaystrue.Theexpectationsofpriceincreasesmaynotstimulatebuying.Onetypicalattitudewasexpressedbythewifeofamechanicinaninterviewatatimeofrisingprices.aInafew'months',shesaid,awe?11havetopaymoreformeatandmilk；we’11havelesstospendonotherthings."herfamilyhadbeenplanningtobuyanewcarbuttheypostponedthispurchase.Furthermore,theriseinpricesthathasalreadytakenplacemayberesentedandbuyer，sresistancemaybeevoked.Thisisshownbythefollowingtypicalcomment:“Ijustdon，tpaytheseprices；theyaretoohigh.”Traditionalassumptionsshouldbeinvestigatedcarefully,andfactorsoftimeandplaceshouldbeconsidered.TheinvestigationsmentionedabovewerecarriedoutinAmerica.InvestigationsconcludedatthesametimeinGreatBritain,however,yieldedresultsthatweremoreinagreementwithtraditionalassumptionsaboutsavingandspendingpatterns.Theconditionsmostconductivetospendingappeartobepricestability,Ifpriceshavebeenstableandpeoplehavebecomeaccustomedtoconsiderthem“right”andexpectthemtoremainstable,theyarelikelytobuy.Thus,itappearsthatthecommonbusinesspolicyofmaintainingstablepriceswithoccasionalsalesordiscountsisbasedonacorrectunderstandingofconsumerpsychology.第36题：Thebesttitleofthepassageis:Consumer，spurchasingpower.Relationshipbetweenincomeandpurchasingpower.Traditionalassumptions.Studiesinconsumerbehavior.参考答案：D答案解析：文章大意：本文反驳了两个观点：一是收入不断上升的人借钱最多；二是如果物价将要上涨，人们会加速消费，如果物价呈下降趋势，人们会延迟消费。最后表明：物价稳定时，人们的购买力最强。【D】在文章的开头段落中一般都要阐明主旨。本文第一句就阐明了主旨：研究经济心理和预测消费者如何花钱的科学家都必须作消费行为研究。第二段和第三段分别举出了具体的例子，说明研究消费者行为的必要性。第37题：Theexampleofthemechanic，swifeisintendedtoshowthatintimesofrisingpricespeoplewithdecliningincometendtobuyless.peoplewithstableincometendtoborrowless.peoplewithincreasingincometendtobuymore.peoplewithmoneyalsotendtobuyless.参考答案：D答案解析：[D]这位主妇计划买车，说明他们有钱，但他们不打算现在就买，而且要在别的东西上面少花钱，这说明他们属于那种有钱却趋于少买的人。第38题:FindingsininvestigationsinBritainarementionedtoshowfactorsoftimeandplaceshouldbetakenintoconsideration.peopleinBritainbehaveinthesamewayasthoseinAmerica.maintainingstablepricesisbasedonacorrectunderstandingofconsumerpsychology.occasionaldiscountandsalesarenecessary.参考答案：C答案解析：[C]举过英国的例子之后，作者并没有强调时间和地点因素，而是说物价稳定最能吸引消费者。结论是保持物价平稳需要正确了解消费心理。第39题：Accordingtothepassage,peopletendtobuymorewhen.A.pricesareexpectedtogoup.B.pricesareexpectedtogodown.pricesdon，tfluctuate.thebusinesspolicyremainsunchanged.参考答案：C答案解析：[C]文章结论告诉读者：物价平稳时人们乐意多消费。pricesarestable就是notfluctuate0第40题：Whichofthefollowingstatementsisnottrue?Thetraditionalassumptionsdontalwaysholdwater.Whenpricesrise,peoplehavetobuyeventhoughtheydon，twantto.C.Itisstillnotwellknownthatthetraditionalassumptionsarewrong.D.Intheolddays,businessesalwaysfailbecauseoflackofknowledgeofconsumerpsychology.参考答案：B答案解析：[B]第二段最后两句话表明B是错的。当物价高涨时，消费者宁愿不买。选择第41题：Itisn'tquitethathewillbepresentatthemeeting.surerightexactD.certain参考答案：D答案解析：［注释］Iamsurethat+从句=1amcertainthat+从句。Heissuretocome.=Heiscertaintocome.但在it作形式主语，that引导主语从句时，主句中表语只能用certain,不能用sure。第42题：Manynewwillbeopenedupinthefutureforthosewithauniversityeducation.A.opportunitiesB.realitiesC.necessitiesD.probabilities参考答案：A答案解析：［注释］。pportunity常指“（难得的应抓住的）机会”，既可作可数名词，也可作不可数名词用,如：Ihadfewopportunitiesofmeetinginterestingpeoplethere.Theyhadnotmuchopportunityforhearinggoodmusicintheremotearea.第43题：Themembersoftheclubwouldn,trunainentrustingtheorganizationtoanunreliableperson.A.dangerB.riskC.hazardD.chance参考答案：B答案解析：［注释］runarisk(in)冒险：Youarerunningabigriskintrustinghim.本题译文：俱乐部成员不愿冒险把这个组织委托给一个不可靠的人管理。第44题：WhenDickbegantotellabouthissummervacation,theteacherhim,saying“Tellusaboutthatanothertime.”cut・・・downshut...outC.cut・・・shortD.shut...off参考答案：C答案解析：［注释］cutshort（=interrupt）打断，中断：1）Hemadeasuggestion,butIcuthimshort.（他提了个建议,但我打断了他。）2）Hecutshorthistourandreturnedhome.（他中断旅行，回家了。） shutoff（=cutoff,interrupt）切断，中断（尤指切断供应等），如：Thewaterwasshutoffforseveralhourswhiletheplumberrepairedthepipes. shutout（=keepout；exclude；preventfromentering）JC 关在夕卜面，排除，不让入内：l）Heshutthecatout.（他把猫关在外面。）2）Thelawwasdesignedtoshutoutimmigrants.（这项法律旨在拒绝移民入境。）3）Theyshutoutthedustbyhavingdoublewindows.（他们用双层窗户防尘。）4）TheybegantospeakFrench,shuttingouttheboyfromtheirconversation.（他们讲起法语来，使这个男孩无法参加他们的谈话。）第45题：Johnsaysthathispresentjobdoesnotprovidehimwithenoughforhisorganisingability.scopespacecapacityrange参考答案：A答案解析：［注释］本题中scope(=opportunity；outlet)施展机会，发展余地，是不可数名词，如：Givesomeonescopetoshowhisability,range意指“变动范围；视听范围；理解范围”，如：therangeofprices(价格变动范围)。第46题：IjustmanagedtoaquickbreathbeforeIwassuckedunderthewaterbythepassingboat.snatchscratchscrapescan参考答案：A答案解析：［注释］snatch的原意是“攫取；抓住；夺得”。本题中snatch意指“匆忙间设法得到"，如；Hesnatchedanhourofsleep.（他匆匆睡了一小时觉。）snatchaquickbreath（匆忙猛吸一口气）。第47题:Mybrotherlikeseatingverymuchbutheisn，tveryaboutthefoodheeats.specialpeculiarparticularunusual参考答案：C答案解析：［注释］beparticularabout对讲究，挑易I：1）Sheisveryparticularaboutwhatshewears.（她对她的穿着很讲究。）2）Mr.Smithwasquiteparticularaboutmywork.（史密斯先生对我的工作十分挑剔。）第48题：Idon'tthinkthechargeforoverhaulingtheequipmentisexcessiveintoitssize.A.correspondenceB.equationproportiondimension参考答案：C答案解析：［注释］inproportionto是固定搭配，意为“与 成比例，与 相称“。反义语；outofproportion不成比例，不相称。本题译文：我认为该设备的大修费并不过分，是与它的大小相称的。第49题：Voiceswereastheargumentbetweenthetwomotoristsbecamemorebad-tempered.swollenraiseddevelopedincreased参考答案：B答案解析：［注释］raise（=liftup）one,svoice提高嗓门,高声叫喊。raiseone，svoiceagainststh.意为“为抗议某事而大声疾呼"，如:Asnooneraisedhisvoiceagainsttheplan,itwasagreedon.（因为没有人发表反对意见，该计划就一致通过了。）voice的常用习语有：thepublicvoice（舆论），underone，svoice（小声地），withonevoice（异口同声地，一致地），loseone，svoice（嗓子哑了，说不出话来），havenovoicewith（对某事无发言权）。第50题：Havinglivedinthetownforquiteafewyears,Mr.Johnsonnolongerfeltamongthelocalpeople.outoforderoutofplaceC.outofcontroloutofthequestion参考答案：B答案解析：［注释］outofplace(=inthewrongplaceoratthewrongtime；notsuitable；improper)(作表语用)不适宜，不得体：1)Joanwastheonlygirlwhoworeaformalattheparty,andshefeltoutofplace.(=Shefeltembarrassedbecauseherdresswasnotsuitablefortheparty.)2)ItwasoutofplaceforRusselltolaughattheoldlady.(=Itwasnotproper；sheshouldnothavedoneit.)此夕卜,outofplace(=notintherightusualplaceorposition)(作状语用)不在原来通常的地方：Helenfellandknockedoneofherteethoutofplace,outoforder发生故障；失调。outofcontrol失去控制。outofthequestion不可能的。第51题:Hestoppedhisearswithhishandstotheterriblenoise.showoffcutoutkeepfromshutout参考答案：D答案解析：［注释］shutout排除。 showoff炫耀；cutout删掉；keepfrom:1）隐瞒:Shekeptthetruthfromme.（她向我隐瞒真相。）2）不沽,避开：Hekeepsfromalcohol.（他滴酒不沽。）3）使不做某事：Shekeptherselffromlaughing.（她没有笑出来。）第52题:Myhouseistheonlybrickoneonthestreet.Itandyoucan'tmissitstandsuplooksoutsticksoutwipesout参考答案：C答案解析：［注释］stickout(=protrude,project)伸出，突出；显露,显眼：l)Thedoctoraskedhimtostickhistongueout.2)Spellingmistakesstickoutinthiscomposition.(这篇作文中拼写错误很显眼。)stickout(=enduretotheend)坚持至底：Ifyoucanstickoutabitlonger,everythingwillbeallright.(假如你能再坚持一下，一切都会好起来。)wipeout擦去，消灭。第53题:StatisticsindicatethatchiIdrenintheUnitedStatesareexposedtomanyinfluencesthoseoftheirfamilies.otherthanratherthanC.betterthanD.morethan参考答案：A答案解析：［注释］otherthan除以外;ratherthan而不是；betterthan比更好；morethan比……更多；不止于。本题译文：统计数字表明，美国的儿童除了受家庭影响以外，还受许多其他影响。第54题：Althoughitisnotournormaltogivecredit,thistimeIthinkweshouldconsiderthemattermoreclosely.stateintentionoccasionpractice参考答案：D答案解析：［注释］practice（=wayofdoingsth.thatiscommonorhabitual；sth.doneregularly）作法，惯例：Itismypracticealwaystoriseearly,togivecredit让赊欠:Nocreditisgivenatthisshop.（这家商店概不赊欠。）第55题:WhenIwasreadingthenewspaper,itgavemestrangefeelingofexcitementtoseemynamein.circulationprintpublicationpress参考答案：B答案解析：［注释］inprint是习语,意指“印出来,发表出来"，如:Shefinallysawhernovelinprint.（她终于看到他的小说出版了，）inprint的另一意思是“在印行，还在发行"，如：Thisbookisstillinprint.（这本书还在发行，可以买到。）反义语是outofprint,意指“不再印行，买不到了”,如:Thebookyouspeakofisoutofpri