(通用版)高考英语二轮复习考点过关练35《强调句》(含解析)

考点35强调句高考频度：★★★★☆强调句知识结构：强调句型注意点例句Itis(was)+被强调部分+that(who)…为了强调句子的某一成分（通常是主语、宾语或状语），常用强调结构：Itis(was)+被强调部分+that(who)…；表示强调的it在这种结构的句子中作主句的主语，it本身没有词义。一般讲，原句的谓语动词如果是现在或将来各种时态，用Itis…that(who)…；如果原句谓语动词是过去各种时态，则用Itwas…that(who)…。原句：LastnightIsawafilmintheYouthPalace.强调主语：ItwasIthat(or:who)sawafilmintheYouthPalacelastnight.强调宾语：ItwasafilmthatIsawintheYouthPalacelastnight.强调地点状语：ItwasintheYouthPalacethatIsawafilmlastnight.强调时间状语：ItwaslastnightthatIsawafilmintheYouthPalace.谓语动词的强调Itis/was…that…结构不能强调谓语，如果需要强调谓语时，要用助动词do/does或did。注意：①do用于对肯定的祈使句的强调以及对实义动词一般现在时肯定句（除主语是第三人称单数）的强调；②does用于对实义动词一般现在时肯定句主语是第三人称单数的强调；③did用于对实义动词一般过去时肯定句的强调。①Dobecarefulwhenyoucrossthestreet.过马路时，务必（千万）要小心啊！Theydoworkhardatmaths.他们对数学的学习确实很努力。②Hedoessendanemailtomeeveryday.他确实每天都给我发电子邮件。③Hediddohishomeworkyesterday.昨天他确实做了家庭作业。Itis(was)+被强调部分+that(who)…句型的变式Itis(was)+被强调部分+that(who)…句式基本特征：Is/Wasit+被强调部分+that…；或情态动词+it+be+被强调部分+that…①Wasitin1969________theAmericanastronautssucceeded_______landingonthemoon?A.when;onB.that;onC.when;inD.that;in②Coulditbeintherestaurantin______youhaddinnerwithmeyesterday______youlostyourhandbag?A.that;which B.which;that C.where;that D.that;where特殊疑问句形式句式基本特征：特殊疑问词+is/wasitthat…？或特殊疑问词+情态动词+it+be++被强调部分+that…—_______isit_______hasmadePeter_______heistoday?—Determination.A.What;that;that B.That;that;whatC.What;what;that D.What;that;what反意疑问句形式句式基本特征：Itis/was+被强调部分+that…，isn’t/wasn’tit？ItwasAliceandherboyfriendwhosenttheoldmantothehospital,______?A.dotheyB.didn’ttheyC.wasn’titD.wasit强调句与其它句型的结合与名词从句的结合句式特征为：整个强调句型用作名词性从句或者在强调句型中含有名词性从句。①I’vealreadyforgotten_________youputthedictionary.A.thatitwasthere B.wherewasitthat C.thatwhereitwas D.whereitwasthat【解析】D。本题是经过变形的强调句型用作宾语从句的体现，为了更好地理解，我们分三步对其进行讨论。第一步：复原→ItwasonthedeskthatIputthedictionary.第二步：对划线部分提问→Wherewasitthatyouputthedictionary?第三步：变为陈述语序，将其用作forgotten的宾语从句则变为：I’vealreadyforgottenwhereitwasthatyouputthedictionary.②Itwasattheverybeginning____Mr.Foxmadethedecision_____weshouldsendmorefirefightersthere.A.when;whichB.where;whatC.then;soD.that;that【解析】D。第一个that为强调句型中的that；第二个that引导同位语从句，说明thedecision的内容。与定语从句的结合句式特征为：在强调句型的被强调部分或其他部分中找出一个先行词，附上修饰该部分的定语从句。①Itwasinthesmallhouse_____wasbuiltwithstonesbyhisfather____hespenthischildhood.A.which;that B.that;whereC.which;which D.that;which【解析】A。本题含义为＂是在这间小房子里他度过了童年＂，thesmallhouse作先行词，其后的定语从句缺做主语的关系代词；第二空所缺的应是强调句型中的结构词that，故答案选A。②Is_______threehours______theboy_______familyispoortocometoschoolonfoot?A.it;that;whose B.it;thatittakes;whose C.itfor;thatittakes;whose D.it;when;that;【解析】B。本题结构复杂，是定语从句、强调句型的一般问句形式和句式Ittakessb.sometimetodosth.的糅合。我们也分几步来看这个句子：第一步：基本句式Ittakestheboythreehourstocometoschoolonfoot.第二步：以theboy为先行词，后面附上定语从句，则变为：Ittakestheboywhosefamilyispoorthreehourstocometoschoolonfoot.第三步：用强调句型对上句中的划线部分进行强调，则变为：Itisthreehoursthatittakestheboywhosefamilyispoortocometoschoolonfoot.第四步：将上句变为一般疑问句可知答案。强调句型的省略形式句式特征为：在一定的上下文中，强调句型的that(who)及其后面的部分可以省略。作题时要特别注意将其复原并加以比较。①—Whoismakingsomuchnoiseinthegarden?—________thechildren.A.ItisB.TheyareC.ThatisD.Thereare【解析】答案为A。强调句型在具体的语境中的省略，其完整形式应是：Itisthechildrenwhoaremakingsomuchnoiseinthegarden.。②—Hewasnearlydrownedonce.—Whenwasthat?—_______wasin1998hewasinmiddleschool.A.That;thatB.it;whenC.This;thatD.It;that【解析】B。强调句的一种省略，完整形式是：Itwasin1998whenhewasinmiddleschoolthathewasnearlydrowned.强调句型的构成是：It

is

(was)+被强调部分+

that

(who)+句子的其他成分。被强调的部分放在

It

is

(was)之后，其它部分置于that之后。被强调部分可以是主语，宾语，表语或状语。强调的主语如果是人，可以由who代替that。1.被强调的成分举例：原句：Tom

found

my

pen

in

the

classroom

yesterday.强调主语：It

was

Tom

who

/

that

found

my

pen

in

the

classroom

yesterday.强调宾语：It

was

my

pen

that

Tom

found

in

the

classroom

yesterday.强调地点状语：It

was

in

the

classroom

that

Tom

found

my

pen

yesterday.强调时间状语：It

was

yesterday

that

Tom

found

my

pen

in

the

classroom.2.强调句型的一般疑问式：直接把is或was提到it之前即可。如：Was

it

Tom

that

found

your

pen

in

the

classroom

yesterday?3.强调句型的特殊疑问式：特殊疑问词+

is

(was)

it

+

that

+句子的其他成分。特殊疑问词即是被强调的成分。如：Who

was

it

that

found

your

pen

in

the

classroom

yesterday?4.

that

(who)有时可以省略：这种强调句型中的that或who有时可以省略。如：It

was

my

brother

(that

/

whom)

you

saw

the

other

day.5.强调原因状语从句要注意：若从句由as或since引导，强调时则改为because，这是因为，because引导的原因从句表示的意义非常强烈，符合强调句的目的。例如：As

she

got

up

late,

she

missed

the

first

bus.变为：It

was

because

she

got

up

late

that

she

missed

the

bus.6.强调句的否定转移：有些否定句在变成强调句时，要把否定转移到被强调的词语之前。尤其是not...

until...;句式的强调要特别注意。例如：He

didn’t

realize

his

mistake

until

the

teacher

had

told

him.变为：It

wasn’t

until

the

teacher

had

told

him

that

he

realized

his

mistake.【注意】在强调句式中，虽然not被提前，但not...

until...句型不要倒装。高考中强调句型考查热点考向一强调句型的基本结构强调句型It

is

/

was

+被强调的成份+

that

+其他成份；用来强调主语、宾语和状语等成份。that只起连接作用，不作成份，但不能省略。有时强调的部分比较特殊，如主语从句、状语从句、名词、不定式短语、V-ing的复合结构等。如：It

was

in

the

library

that

I

saw

her

yesterday.我昨天正是在图书馆见到她的。1.(2018·天津卷·单项填空)Itwasonlywhenthecarpulledupinfrontofourhouse___________wesawLilyinthepassengerseat.A.which B.thatC.when D.where【答案】B【解析】考查强调句。句意：只有当汽车在我们房子前停下来我们才看到在乘客位置的莉莉。这里考查强调句，强调句型结构为：Itis/was+被强调部分(通常是主语、宾语或状语)+that/who(当强调主语且主语指人)+其他部分。本题强调时间状语onlywhenthecarpulledupinfrontofourhouse。故选B。2.(2016·天津卷·单项填空)Youarewaitingatawrongplace.Itisatthehotel__________thecoachpicksuptourists.A.who B.which C.where D.that【答案】D【解析】句意：你在一个错误的地方等待。大客车是在旅店接送游客的。本题考查强调句，强调句型结构是：Itis/was+强调部分+that+其余部分，如果强调部分是人，也可以用who，这句话强调的是地点状语atthehotel。故选D。3.Itwastheculture,ratherthanthelanguage,_________madeithardforhimtoadapttothenewenvironmentabroadA.where B.why C.that D.what【答案】C【解析】这个句子中含有itwas，首先要考虑所给题目是不是一个强调句。把Itwas和横线去掉，发现句意仍然完整清楚，所以说这里就是一个强调句。强调句的基本结构是itis/was+被强调部分+that+句子的其他成分，所以用that，所以选C。句意：是文化，而不是语言，使得他很难适应国外的新的环境。考向二特殊句式中的强调句型1.如果强调的是特殊疑问句中的疑问词，表示到底、究竟等语气时，就用如下结构：特殊疑问词+

is

/

was

+

it

+

that

+该句的其余部分。如：How

is

it

that

you

usually

go

to

work?你通常是怎样去上班的?2.在强调not...

until结构中由until所引导的短语(或从句)作时间状语时，要用固定的强调句型：It

+

is

/

was

+

not

until...+

that

+该句的其余部分，that所引导的从句中的谓语动词用肯定式。如：His

father

didn’t

come

back

from

work

until

12o’clock.=

It

was

not

until

12

o’clock

that

his

father

came

home

form

work.直到12点他的爸爸才下班回家。1.Bachdiedin1750,butitwasnotuntiltheearly19thcentury____hismusicalgiftwasfullyrecognized.A.while B.though C.that D.after【答案】C【解析】句意：马赫死于1750年，但直到19世纪他的音乐天赋才被承认。强调句与notuntil连用。Itbenotuntilthat…故选C项。2.WasitbecauseJackcamelateforschool____________Mr.Smithgotangry?A.why

B.who

C.where

D.that【答案】D【解析】A为什么；B谁；C哪儿；D那个。通过翻译可知本句话意思完整，不缺少成分，由此判断该句是强调句型，被强调部分是because引导的状语从句，故答案选D。句意：是因为杰克上学迟到史密斯先生才生气的吗？考向三强调句型与时间状语从句、定语从句的判断强调句型要注意和it代表时间、距离、温度、自然现象、具体事物或人物等时所构成的各种句型的区别。试比较：It

was

on

March

1

that

I

had

my

hair

cut.(强调句)It

was

March

1

when

I

had

my

hair

cut.(后面是定语从句)判断是否是强调句，可采用还原法。如果还原为一般句式后，句子各种成份完整，则是强调句。否则不是。如第一句可还原成：I

had

my

hair

cut

on

March

1.题组一能力过关I.单项填空1.It’snotdoingthethingswelike,butlikingthethingswehavetodo ＿＿＿ makeslifehappy.A.that B.which C.what D.who2.Itwaswiththehelpofthelocalguide________themountainclimberwasrescued.A.who B.thatC．when D.how3.Itwasonlyafterhehadreadthepapers________Mr.Grossrealizedthetaskbeforehimwasextremelydifficulttocomplete.A.when B.thatC.which D.what4.Itwasnotuntilneartheendoftheletter________shementionedherownplan.A.that B.where C.why D.when6.Itwasteno’clock_________hecamebackhome.A.when B.thatC.since D.after7.Itwasnotuntilhecameback_________heknewthepolicewerelookingforhim.A.which B.sinceC.that D.before8.＂Wasitunderthetree________youwereawaytalkingtoafriend?＂＂Sure.ButwhenIgotbackthere,thebikewasgone.A.that B.whereC.which D.while9.It’smorethanhalfacentury________mygrandfatherjoinedthePartyandbecameaservanttothepeople.A.when B.thatC.since D.while10.Itwaslackofmoney,notofeffort,_____defeatedtheirplan.A.which B.asC.that D.whenII．短文改错假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。WhenIlookatthispictureofmyself,Irealizeofhowfasttimeflies.Ihadgrownnotonlyphysically,andalsomentallyinthepastfewyears.Aboutonemonthafterthisphotowastook,Ienteredmysecondyearofhighschoolandbecomeanewmemberoftheschoolmusicclub.Aroundmeinpicturearethethingstheywereveryimportantinmylifeatthattime:carmagazinesandmusicalinstruments.Ienjoyedstudyingdifferencekindsofcarsandplanes,playingpopmusic,andcollectingthelatemusicalbums.Thispictureoftenbringsbacktomemanyhappymemoriesofyourhighschooldays.题组二体验真题1.（2016·天津卷·单项填空）ItwaswhenIgotbacktomyapartment___________Ifirstcameacrossmynewneighbors.A.who B.where C.which D.that2.（2016·上海卷·语法填空）Butlikesomanyotherthings,itisonlytoomuchstress(34)_______doesyouharm.题组一能力过关I.单项填空1.A【解析】考查强调句结构用法。强调句型：Itis/was+被强调部分(通常是主语、宾语或状语)+that/who(当强调主语且主语指人)+其他部分。本题强调主语notdoingthethingswelike,butlikingthethingswehavetodo。句意：是做我们喜欢做的事情，而不是喜欢我们不得不做的事情让生活幸福。故A正确。2.B【解析】考查强调句型。由于被强调的是withthehelpofthelocalguide，而并非guide,所以用that来连接。3.B【解析】考查强调句型。句意：只有在读了这些文件后，格罗斯先生才认识到他面临着的任务很难完成。此句是对only引导的时间状语从句的强调。省略了itwas…that之后，句子结构完整。4.A【解析】考查强调句型。根据固定句型itwasnotuntil…that…直到……才，得出答案为that。句意：直到在信的结尾她才提到了她的计划。6.A【解析】when表示＂当……的时候＂，句首的it表示时间，全句意为＂当他回到家时，时间是10点钟。＂7.C【解析】为Hedidn’tknowthepolicewerelookingforhimuntilhecameback之强调形式。注意，not…until…的强调句式通常为Itwasnotuntil…that…的形式。8.D【解析】此题很容易误选A，认为这是强调句型。其实此题应选D。做好此题的关键是正确理解上下文的语境。在此句中，it是代词，指代thebike，句意为：＂当你离开去同朋友谈话的时候，你的自行车是在这树下吗?＂＂当然，但当我回来时，自行车就不见了。＂现在反过来分析一下，假若选A，将此句判为强调句，句子即为Wasitunderthetreethatyouwereawaytalkingtoafriend?若进一步转换为非强调句，句子则为Underthetreewhileyouweretalkingtoafriend，句意显然很荒唐。9.C【解析】容易误选B，认为这是强调句型。假若选B，将此句分析为强调句，那么若将此句还原为非强调句就应该是MygrandfatherjoinedthePartyandbecameaservanttothepeoplemorethanhalfacentury.很显然，句中的morethanhalfacentury是一段时间，然而它修饰的谓语动词joined…became却是两个终止性动词，这显然不合适。其实，此题应选C，属于＂Itis＋一段时间＋since从句＂句型，句意为＂我爷爷加入党组织成为人民的公仆已有半个多世纪了＂。此句的主句谓语也可以用现在完成时态(hasbeen)，但在口语中多用一般现在时代替。10.C【解析】容易误选A，受空格前逗号的影响，误认为这是一个非限制性定语从句，从而误选了A。其实，此题最佳答案为C，整个句子为强调句，被强调成分为lackofmoney,notofeffort。由于句中插入notofeffort这一结构，干扰了许多同学对itwaslackofmoneythatdefeatedtheirplan这一强调句的认识和理解。II．短文改错【答案】WhenIlookatthispictureofmyself,Irealizehowfasttimeflies.Igrownnotonlyphysically,alsomentallyi