考研考博-英语-中国矿业大学考试押题三合一+答案详解4

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-中国矿业大学考试押题三合一+答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

Thelocalgovernmentleadersaremakingeveryeffortto（

）theproblemofpoverty.

问题1选项

A.abolish

B.tackle

C.remove

D.encounter

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词辨析。abolish意“废除，废止(法律、制度、习俗等)”；tackle意为“处理，解决(难题或局面)”；remove意为“移开，拿走”；encounter意为“遭遇，偶遇”。“领导人努力解决问题”更符合逻辑，因此选B。

句意：地方政府领导人正在尽一切努力解决贫困问题。

2.单选题

（）isquitenatural,abeginnercan'treadthebookswritteninEnglishveryquickly.

问题1选项

A.Which

B.As

C.What

D.It

【答案】B

【解析】句意:初学者不能很快地阅读英文原版书是很正常的。

语法题。考查非限制性定语从句。as引导非限制性定语从句的时候，表示“正如那样”的含义。as指代的是后面的句子“abeginnercan'treadthebookswritteninEnglishveryquickly’’，而此处不用which,是因为定语从句中的which不能放在句首。

3.翻译题

TranslatethefollowingintoChinese

Acomplexadaptivesystem(CAS)isasystemcomprisedofheterogeneousagentsthatinteractlocallywitheachotherbasedonlocalschema,suchthatthebehaviorofthesystemarisesasaresultoffeedbackrelationshipsbetweentheagents,andthesystemevolvesastheschemataoftheagentsadaptbasedonthefeedback.

Theactualnatureofagentswilldependonthekindofsystemunderconsideration.Forexample,inchemicalsystems,theagentsmaybemolecules,whileinthecaseofacolonyofants,theagentsaretheindividualants.Insocialsystems,theagentsareusuallytakentobeindividualhumanbeingsorgroupsofhumanbeings.Sincetheagentsareabletoadapttheirschemataandtheirbehaviorsbasedonfeedbackthroughtheirinteractionswithotheragents,thesystemhasanadaptivecapability.

TheheterogeneityofagentsisimportantasitaccentuatesthediversityandpluralitythatmakeuptherichnessofCAS,andisespeciallyimportantwhenapplyingCAStosocialsystems.Itisimportanttonotethatnoagentcanunderstandthewholesystem,nordoesanysingleagentorsmallgroupofagentsdirectthebehaviorofthesystem.Thebehaviorofthesystememergesfromtheinteractionofagentsthroughmultiple,nonlinearfeedbackrelationships.

【答案】复杂自适应系统(CAS)是一个包括各种各样的要素所组成的系统，这些要素局部地基于局部模式相互作用，以致该系统的行为由于要素之间的反馈关系而出现，并且该系统随着要素模式基于反馈的改变而演化。

要素的本质将取决于在考虑中的系统种类。例如，在化学系统中，要素可能是分子，而就一群蚂蚁来说，要素是单个的蚂蚁。在社会系统中，要素通常被认为是人类个体或团体。由于要素能基于通过它们与其它要素的相互作用而产生的反馈来改变它们的基模，因此该系统有一种自适应能力。

要素的异质性是重要的，因为它强调构成自适应系统丰富性的多样性和多元性，且当将自适应系统用到社会系统上时，它尤其重要。需要注意的是，没有要素能够理解整个系统，或没有任何单个的要素或小的要素群体管理该系统的行为。该系统的行为来自于要素通过多个非线性反馈关系而进行的相互作用。

4.单选题

Adealofattentionisbeingpaidtodaytotheso-calleddigitaldivide一thedivisionoftheworldintotheinfo(information)richandtheinfopoor.Andthat（1）doesexisttoday.MywifeandIlecturedaboutthisloomingdangertwentyyearsago.Whatwaslessinvisiblethen,however,werethenew,positive（2）thatworkagainstthedigitaldivide.Actually,therearereasonstobe（3）.

Therearetechnologicalreasonstohopethedigitaldividewillnarrow.AstheInternetbecomesmoreandmore（4）,itisintheinterestofbusinesstouniversalizeaccess—afterall,themorepeopleonline,themorepotential（5）thereare.Moreandmoreenterprises,afraidtheircountrieswillbeleft（6）,wanttospreadinternetaccess.Withinthenextdecadeortwo,onetotwobillionpeopleontheplanetwillbenettedtogether.Asaresult,Inowbelievethedigitaldividewillnarrowratherthanwidenintheyearsahead.AndthatisverygoodnewsbecausetheInternetmaywellbethemostpowerfultoolfor（7）worldpovertythatwe’veeverhad.

Ofcourse,theuseoftheInternetisn’ttheonlywaytodefeatpoverty.AndtheInternetisnottheonlytoolwehave,butithasbigpotential.

To（8）advantageofthistool,somepoorcountrieswillhavetogetovertheiroutdatedanti-colonialprejudices（9）respecttoforeigninvestment.Countriesthatstillthinkforeigninvestmentisaninvasionoftheirsovereigntymightwellstudythehistoryof（10）(thebasicstructuralfoundationsofasociety)intheUnitedStates.WhentheUnitedStatesbuiltitsindustrialinfrastructure,itdidn’thavethecapitaltodoso.AndthatiswhyAmerica’sSecondWaveinfrastructure—concerningroads,harbors,highways,portsandsoon—werebuiltwithforeigninvestment.

问题1选项

A.divide

B.information

C.world

D.lecture

问题2选项

A.forces

B.obstacles

C.events

D.surprises

问题3选项

A.negative

B.optimistic

C.pleasant

D.disappointed

问题4选项

A.developed

B.centralized

C.realized

D.commercialized

问题5选项

A.users

B.producers

C.customers

D.citizens

问题6选项

A.away

B.for

C.aside

D.behind

问题7选项

A.containing

B.preventing

C.keeping

D.combating

问题8选项

A.bring

B.keep

C.hold

D.take

问题9选项

A.at

B.with

C.of

D.for

问题10选项

A.construction

B.facility

C.infrastructure

D.institution

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:A

第3题:B

第4题:D

第5题:C

第6题:D

第7题:D

第8题:D

第9题:B

第10题:C

【解析】（1）文中指示代词that指代前面出现的名词，中心词为前面出现的so-calleddigitaldivide，divide为中心词。选项A符合题意。

（2）根据上下文语境。根据positive可以判断出，被修饰的单词应该是具有积极意义的名词。根据语境单词force最为合适。选项A符合题意。

（3）根据上下文语境。第一段主要是讲的存在一种力量可以抵抗数字化鸿沟，第二段的首句就提到了一些技术因素可以使数字鸿沟不断窄化。选项B符合题意。

（4）根据上下文语境。根据下文提到的theinterestofbusiness可以推测出，应该有商业化的意思，所以单词commercialized最为合适，选项D符合题意。

（5）根据上下文语境。文章一直在讨论“商业化”、“贸易这些话题”，所以空格中应该填入与之相关的词汇，customer最符合语境，选项C符合题意。

（6）考查短语的固定搭配。短语leavebehind“落后”，句意：企业担心自己的国家会落后。选项D符合题意。

（7）考查动词词义辨析。单词combat意思为“反对，与……战斗”，最符合语境，选项D符合题意。

（8）考查短语的固定搭配。takeadvantageof意思为“利用”，为固定搭配。选项D符合题意。

（9）考查短语的固定搭配。withrespectto“关于，至于”，选项B符合题意。

（10）考查单词释义理解。括号中的释义为“社会基本建筑基础”，选项C符合题意。

5.翻译题

1.绿水青山就是金山银山，保护环境就是保护生产，发展环境就是发展生产力。

2.人类命运共同体，顾名思义就是每个地区每个国家应该把命运紧紧联系在一起，荣辱与共，共同进步。

3.应远离封闭的世界，打造开放的世界，中国有句古话，“万物共存而不相害，道共行而不相逆”，我们应该求同存异，寻找其他事物的优点，发展自己。

【答案】1.Lucidwatersandlushmountainsareinvaluableassets;protectingtheenvironmentmeansprotectingproduction;developingenvironmentmeansdevelopingproductivity.

2.Humancommunitywithasharedfuture,asthenamesuggests,meansthateveryregionandcountryshouldcloselylinktheirdestiniesandsharewealandwoeforcommonprogress.

3.Weshouldstayawayfromaclosedworldandbuildanopenworld.AsanoldChinesesayinggoes,“Alllivingthingscoexistwithoutharmingeachother,andallroadsworktogetherwithoutgoingagainsteachother.”Weshouldseekcommongroundwhileshelvingdifferences,lookforthestrengthsofotherthingsanddevelopourselves.

6.单选题

Thechairmanmadea（）statementbeforetheopeningceremony.

问题1选项

A.intensive

B.intermediate

C.preliminary

D.solitary

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。A选项intensive“加强的；集中的；透彻的；加强语气的”；B选项intermediate“中间的，中级的”；C选项preliminary“初步的；开端的；预备性的”；D选项solitary“孤独的；独居的”。句意：在开幕式之前，这位主席做了一个预备性的陈述。根据句意，判断出C选项正确。

7.单选题

Ofallthecomponentsofagoodnight'ssleep,dreamsseemtobeleastwithinourcontrol.Indreams,awindowopensintoaworldwherelogicissuspendedanddeadpeoplespeak.Acenturyago,Freudformulatedhisrevolutionarytheorythatdreamswerethedisguisedshadowsofourunconsciousdesiresandrears,bythelate1970s.neurologistshadswitchedtothinkingofthemasjust"mentalnoise"therandombyproductsoftheneural-repairworkthatgoesonduringsleep.Nowresearcherssuspectthatdreamsarepartofthemind'semotionalthermostatregulatingmoodswhilethebrainisoff-line"Andoneleadingauthoritysaysthattheseintenselypowerfulmentaleventscanbenotonlyharnessedbutactuallybroughtunderconsciouscontrol,tohelpussleepandfeelbetter,"it'syourdream"saysRosalindCartwright,chairofpsychologyatChicago'sMedicalCenter."Ifyoudon'tlikeit,changeit.

Evidencefrombrainimagingsupportsthisview.ThebrainisasactiveduringREM(rapideyemovement)sleep-whenmostvividdreamsoccur-asitiswhenfullyawake,saysDr,EricNofZingerattheUniversityofPittsburgh.Butnotallpartsofthebrainareequallyinvolved,thelimbicsystem(the"emotionalbrain")isespeciallyactive,whiletheprefrontalcortex(thecenterofintellectandreasoning)isrelativelyquiet,"Wewakeupfromdreamshappyofdepressed,andthosefeelingscanstaywithusallday"saysStanfordsleepresearcherDr.WilliamDement.

ThelinkbetweendreamsandemotionsshowsupamongthepatientsinCartwright'sclinic.Mostpeopleseemtohavemorebaddreamsearlyinthenight,progressingtowardhappieronesbeforeawakening,suggestingthattheyareworkingthroughnegativefeelingsgeneratedduringtheday.Becauseourconsciousmindisoccupiedwithdailylifewedon'talwaysthinkabouttheemotionalsignificanceoftheday'sevents-until,itappears,webegintodream.

Andthisprocessneednotbelefttotheunconscious.Cartwrightbelievesonecanexerciseconsciouscontroloverrecurringbaddreams.Assoonasyouawaken,identifywhatisupsettingaboutthedream,visualizehowyouwouldlikeittoendinstead,thenexttimeisoccurs,trytowakeupjustenoughtocontrolitscourse.Withmuchpracticepeoplecanlearnto,literally,doitintheirsleep.

Attheendoftheday,there'sprobablylittlereasontopayattentiontoourdreamsatallunlesstheykeepusfromsleepingof"wewakeupinapanic”.CartwrightsaysTerrorism,economicuncertaintiesandgeneralfeelingsofinsecurityhaveincreasedpeople'sanxiety.Thosesufferingfrompersistentnightmaresshouldseekhelpfromatherapist.Fortherestofus,thebrainhasitswaysofworkingthroughbadfeelings,sleep-orratherdream-onitandyou'llfeelbetterinthemorning.

1.Researchershavecometobelievethatdreams

（

）.

2.Byreferringtothelimbicsystem,theauthorintendstoshow（

）.

3.Thenegativefeelingsgeneratedduringthedaytendto

（

）.

4.Cartwrightseemstosuggestthat

（

）.

5.WhatadvicemightCartwrightgivetothosewhosometimeshavehaddreams?

问题1选项

A.canbemodifiedintheircourses

B.aresusceptibletoemotionalchanges

C.reflectourinnermostdesiresandfears

D.arearandomoutcomeofneuralrepairs

问题2选项

A.itsfunctioninourdreams

B.themechanismofREMsleep

C.therelationofdreamstoemotions

D.itsdifferencefromtheprefrontalcortex

问题3选项

A.aggravateinourunconsciousmind.

B.developintohappydreams.

C.persisttillthetimewefallasleep.

D.showupindreamsearlyatnight.

问题4选项

A.wakingupintimeisessentialtotheriddingofbaddreams

B.visualizingbaddreamshelpsbringthemundercontroll

C.dreamsshouldbelefttotheirnaturalprogression

D.dreamingmaynotentirelybelongtotheunconscious

问题5选项

A.Leadyourlifeasusual.

B.Seekprofessionalhelp.

C.Exerciseconsciouscontrol.

D.Avoidanxietyinthedaytime.

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:C

第3题:D

第4题:D

第5题:A

【解析】第1题:细节事实题。由文章第一段中Andoneleadingauthoritysaysthattheseintenselypowerfulmentaleventscanbenotonlyharnessedbutactuallybroughtunderconsciouscontrol,tohelpussleepandfeelbetter.（一位权威人士说，这些强大的精神事件不仅可以被利用，而且实际上可以在有意识的控制下，帮助我们睡眠和感觉更好）"it'syourdream"saysRosalindCartwright,chairofpsychologyatChicago'sMedicalCenter."Ifyoudon'tlikeit,changeit.可知选A。

第2题:推理判断题。由文章第二段中thelimbicsystem(the"emotionalbrain")isespeciallyactive,whiletheprefrontalcortexisrelativelyquiet,"Wewakeupfromdreamshappyofdepressed,andthosefeelingscanstaywithusallday"可知边缘系统（“情感大脑”）特别活跃，梦里的感觉会影响一天的情绪，因此选C，作者是为了说明梦与情绪的关系。

第3题:细节事实题。由文章第三段中Mostpeopleseemtohavemorebaddreamsearlyinthenight,progressingtowardhappieronesbeforeawakening,suggestingthattheyareworkingthroughnegativefeelingsgeneratedduringtheday.（大多数人在晚上入睡的较早阶段做更多不好的梦，在快醒来之前，会逐渐做一些更开心的梦，这意味着他们在克服白天产生的负面情绪）因此选D。

第4题:细节事实题。由文章第四段中Andthisprocessneednotbelefttotheunconscious.Cartwrightbelievesonecanexerciseconsciouscontroloverrecurringbaddreams.（而该过程不一定是无意识的。Cartwright认为人们练习有意识地控制反复出现的恶梦）可知D选项“做梦可能并不完全属于无意识”符合题意。

第5题:细节事实题。由文章最后一段中there'sprobablylittlereasontopayattentiontoourdreamsatallunlesstheykeepusfromsleepingof"wewakeupinapanic”可知只要梦不使我们无法入睡或从梦中惊醒，就几乎没有理由关注我们做的梦，因此对有时做梦的人来说，像以往正常的生活就行，故选A。

8.单选题

Theband______andwerebeginningtothrowtheirinstrumentdown.

问题1选项

A.brokedown

B.brokeoff

C.brokerank

D.brokeout

【答案】A

【解析】【试题解析】考查词组辨析。A选项brokedown“（关系的）破裂”；B选项brokeoff“（折断）脱落；突然停止”；C选项brokerank“打破等级”；D选项brokeout“爆发”。句意：乐队闹翻解体，开始扔掉乐器。根据语境，乐队中的成员扔掉乐器，停止弹奏音乐，是因为成员之间关系破裂，A选项brokedown“（关系的）破裂”符合题意。因此A选项正确。

9.单选题

Mary（）thedocumentcarefullytomakesurethattherewerenoerrorsinit.

问题1选项

A.scrutinized

B.overlooked

C.skipped

D.disregarded

【答案】A

【解析】动词辨析题。scrutinized详细检查；overlooked忽略、检查；skipped跳读；disregarded忽视。句意：玛丽仔细检查了文件以确保没有错误。选项A符合句意。

10.单选题

Thepsychologistswerepleasedthattheirtheoryhadbeen（

）bythenewresearch.

问题1选项

A.fortified

B.altered

C.disputed

D.developed

【答案】A

【解析】动词辨析题。fortify“加强，支持，证实”；alter“改变”；dispute“辩论，争论”；develop“发展，形成”；根据句意‘心理学家非常高兴，因为最新的研究（

）他们的理论。’确定A选项正确。

11.单选题

Forcenturiesanimalshavebeenusedas（）forpeopleinexperimentstoassesstheeffectsoftherapeuticandotheragentsthatmightlaterbeusedinhumans.

问题1选项

A.benefactors

B.companions

C.precedent

D.surrogates

【答案】D

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。A:benefactor“捐助者”；B:companion“同伴”；C:precedent“先例”；D:surrogate“代理；代用品，代替”。句意：几个世纪以来，动物在实验中被用作人类的替代品，用来评价那些以后会用在人类身上的医疗制剂和其他制剂的效果。根据语境和句意可知D为正确答案。

12.单选题

Hefeltarepugnanceforthecitybecauseitwasheavilyundertheinfluenceofforeigners,whomheconsideredtobecorruptand（）.

问题1选项

A.unscrupulous

B.withprinciples

C.inprinciple

D.outofprinciple

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。A选项unscrupulous“寡廉鲜耻，不讲道德的”；B选项withprinciples“符合原则的”；C选项inprinciple“大体上，原则上”；D选项outofprinciple“背离原则”。根据题干，可知此处应当填入一个形容词，且含有贬义，因此推测A选项正确。句意：他对这座城市感到厌恶因为这城市受外国人影响太严重了，而他眼中的外国人是堕落而又……。因此A选项正确。

13.单选题

（）theyhopetogohometomorrow,theyareresignedtostayingonuntiltheendofyear.

问题1选项

A.Muchas

B.Muchthough

C.Asmuch

D.Thoughmuch

【答案】A

【解析】考查状语从句的倒装。句意：尽管他们很希望明天就回家，但他们还是决定一直待到年底。as引导让步状语从句表示尽管时，要将宾语或副词倒装，muchas表示尽管很……，因此A选项正确。

14.单选题

BillClintonprojectedan（

）personalityinthe1992campaign,butthatwasnothisonlyadvantageoverBushandanindependentcandidate,RossPerot.

问题1选项

A.informal

B.exaggerative

C.affluent

D.effervescent

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容词辨析。informal“非正式的”；exaggerative“夸张的”；affluent“富裕的；流畅的”；effervescent“活跃的”。句意：比尔•克林顿（美国前总统）在1992年的竞选中表现出活跃的个性，但这不是他相对于布什和独立候选人罗斯•佩罗的唯一优势。只有D项可以形容personality。

15.单选题

Theyarelookingforsomewayto（）theirappetite.

问题1选项

A.satiate

B.apply

C.strengthen

D.sustain

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项satiate“充分满足；使厌腻”；B选项apply“申请；涂，敷；适用”；C选项strengthen“加强；巩固”；D选项sustain“维持；支撑，承担”。句意：他们正在寻找填饱肚子的方法。此题选A，可以把“satiateappetite”理解为“填饱肚子”。

16.单选题

I’mafraidourfoodstockwillbe___beforelong.

问题1选项

A.putup

B.stayedup

C.savedup

D.usedup

【答案】D

【解析】考查词组辨析。A选项putup“提供；建造；举起；提高；推举，提名；供给……住宿；直接行动”；B选项stayedup“不睡觉，熬夜”；C选项savedup“储蓄；贮存”；D选项usedup“用完，耗尽”。句意：恐怕我们的食物储备不久就会___。本句表达“不久就会用完事物”。因此D选项正确。

17.单选题

Ms.Breenhasbeenlivingintownforonlyoneyear,yetsheseemstobe___witheveryonewhocomestothestore.

问题1选项

A.accepted

B.admitted

C.admired

D.acquainted

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项accepted“公认的；被认可的，被接受的（被大多数人接受的观点是正确的或合理的）”；B选项admitted“公认的；被承认了的（承认自己曾经做过的事情）”；C选项admired“被赞美的；被钦佩的”；D选项acquainted“熟识的；知晓的；有知识的”。句意：布林女士只在城里住了一年，但似乎每个来店里的人都很___她。本句表达“虽然布林女士在城里居住时间不长，但似乎每个来店里的人都很赞美她”，因此C选项正确。

18.单选题

Fromitsbirthin1981withjusttwoemployees,theGovernmentofSingaporeInvestmentCorporationhadbecomeoneoftheworld’slargestsovereignfunds,managingmorethan$100billioninassets,with900employeesineightofficesaroundtheworld.ItislargereventhanTemasekHoldings,thegovernment’sbetter-knownfund.Temasekgainedattentionwithits$1.9billionpurchaseofacontrollingstakeinThailand’sdominanttelecommunicationscompanyfromthefamilyofthecountry’sprimeminister.Thathelpedstirstreetproteststhatledtoacoupd’état(政变)therelastyear.

Thestakewaspartofabroaderexpansionstartedinmid-2002bythecompany’sexecutivedirector,HoChing,formerlyheadofgovernment-ownedSingaporeTechnologiesandwifeofSingapore’sPrimeMinister,LeeHsienLoong.AimedatrevivingTemasek’sfinancialperformanceinthewakeofarecession,TemasekhassincetakenlargestakesinbanksasdistantasIndia,ChinaandtheStandardCharteredBankofBritain.Temaseksaysitsinvestmentsarepurelyforfinancialpurposesdespiteitsownershipbythegovernment.Nonetheless,ithasrunintopoliticalheadwinds(逆风)intheregion.AnIndonesiancourtrecentlyruledthatitwouldhavetoselloneofthecontrollingstakesitholds,onedirectlyandtheotherthroughasubsidiary,inthecountry’stwodominantcellulartelephonecompanies.

Overthelastfewyears,SingaporehasembarkedonanaggressiveefforttocourtprivatebanksandtheirclientsasawayofdiversifyingtheeconomyasmanufacturingjobswereshiftingtoChinaandVietnam,turningthecountryintoanAsianassetbase.Therearealreadyatleast40privatebankswithofficesinSingapore,managingassetsworthatleast$150billion.WithmanywealthyEuropeansshiftingassetstoSingaporefromSwitzerlandtotakeadvantageofrapidAsiangrowthandavoidnewwithholdingtaxesinEurope,theEuropeanauthoritieshavesteppedupcriticismofSingapore’sbankingsystem,sayingthatSingaporeneededtotightencontrolsagainstmoneylaundering.

Singaporeanfinancialauthoritiessaytheydonotcondonemoneylaunderingandrecentlysteppedupfinesagainstbanksfoundtobeinvolvedinillicitfinancialactivity.TheGovernmentInvestmentCorporation,knownasG.I.C.,iscontrolledbythestate,andSingapore’sfoundingPrimeMinister,LeeKuanYew,isitschairman.Hisson,thecurrentprimeminister,isdeputychairman.TonyTan,itsexecutivedirector,isaformerdeputyprimeminister.

BothTemasekandG.I.C.haveaggressivelyrecruitedtopinternationalfinancialtalent,andG.I.C.inparticularhasareputationamongbankersandanalystsasashrewdandpowerfulinvestor.Morethan40percentofitsemployeesarenotSingaporean.ItsinvestmentpanelincludesCharlesEllis,chairmanoftheYaleUniversityInvestmentCommittee,andRobertLitterman,amanagingdirectorofGoldmanSachsAssetManagement.Despitemanagingpublicfunds,G.I.C.doesnotpublicizeitsholdingsorreturns.Lastyearonits25thanniversary,LeeKuanYewofferedthecompany’sfirstfinancialdisclosure,reportingthatG.I.C.hadaverageda9.5percentannualreturninUnitedStatesdollartermsoveritslifetime.

1.Thepassagemainlydiscussesabout______.

2.Formthefirstparagraph,itcanbeinferredthat______.

3.WhichoneofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEofTemasekHoldings?

4.ManyEuropeansshiftassetstoSingaporeduetothefollowingreasonsexcept______.

5.Theword“condone”mostprobablymeans______.

问题1选项

A.Singapore’sfinancialstrategyinrecentyears

B.conditionsaboutthetwolargegovernmentfundsinSingapore

C.thetransformationorevolutionofSingapore’sbankingsystem

D.thecloserelationbetweenSingapore’sfinancialsystemandthegovernment

问题2选项

A.SingaporeansareagainstthepurchaseofcontrollingstakeinThailand’stelecommunicationscompany

B.SingaporeansthinkthatTemasek’spurchaseisindeedapoliticaldeal

C.SingaporeansthinkthatTemasek’spurchasewillmakethemhavealoss

D.ThaisarereluctanttoletTemasektocontroltheirtelecommunicationscompany

问题3选项

A.TemasekHoldingsseemstobequitereluctanttointerferewithinthepoliticalissueofthecountriesitinvestsinto.

B.TemasekHoldingswillselloneofthecontrollingstakesinIndonesianmobiletelephonecompaniesdirectlyandthroughasubsidiary.

C.TemasekHoldingsconductssuchexpansioninordertochangeitsdepression.

D.TemasekHoldingshasnotonlysubtlerelationswithSingapore’spoliticalelite,butalsothoseofneighboringcountries.

问题4选项

A.theywanttoinvestintoAsiasoastogainmoreprofits

B.theywanttoconductmoneylaunderingbytacticallyavoidingtaxes

C.theywanttocarryoutillegalfinancialactivityinAsia

D.theythinktheinvestmentenvironmentinEuropeisnotattracting

问题5选项

A.encourage

B.allow

C.remit

D.permit

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:D

第3题:C

第4题:B

第5题:C

【解析】1.主旨大意题。结合全文可知，文章主要分析了新加坡两大政府基金的情况，同时也提到了新加坡的金融策略、经济转型问题，但主要还是围绕这两大基金来谈论的。因此B选项“新加坡两大政府基金的情况”符合文章主旨。A选项“新加坡近些年来的金融策略”，C选项“新加坡金融系统的转型或发展”，D选项“新加坡的金融系统与政府之间的密切关系”只是文章某一部分的内容，不能全面地概括文章主旨，所以A,C,D错误。

2.客观细节题。由题干可以定位到文章第一段最后一句Thathelpedstirstreetproteststhatledtoacoupd’étattherelastyear.（这引发了街头抗议，并导致了去年的政变。），说明泰国人不愿意让淡马锡控制他们的电信公司。因此D选项“泰国人不愿意让淡马锡控制他们的电信公司”正确。A选项“新加坡人反对购买泰国电信公司的控股股权”，B选项“新加坡人认为淡马锡的收购行为实际上是有政治意向的”，C选项“新加坡人认为淡马锡的收购行为会给他们带来损失”均不符合题意，所以A,B,C错误。

3.客观细节题。A选项“淡马锡基金看起来非常不愿意干涉它所投资国家的政治事务”在原文中没有提及，所以A错误。B选项“淡马锡会将自己在印度移动电话公司的控股股权直接和通过子公司的方式卖出”，由原文onedirectlyandtheotherthroughasubsidiary（一种为通过其子公司控股）可知，它是直接通过子公司来控股，而不是卖出股份，所以B错误。D选项“淡马锡基金不仅与新加坡的政治精英阶层有微妙的关系，而且与邻国的关系也非常微妙”，原文提到了该基金与政府的关系，也提到了其在周边邻国的投资，但没有说关系很微妙，所以D错误。C选项“淡马锡基金声称本基金完全独立于政府之外，进行有效的自治”，由原文AimedatrevivingTemasek’sfinancialperformanceinthewakeofarecession,TemasekhassincetakenlargestakesinbanksasdistantasIndia,ChinaandtheStandardCharteredBankofBritain.（淡马锡为了在经济萧条后重振雄风，从那时开始就在印度、中国、英国的渣打银行持有大量股份。）可知，该基金为了在萧条后重振雄风，才到其他地方购买股份，这属于一种自治，所以C选项正确。

4.客观细节题。由题干可以定位到文章第三段最后一句WithmanywealthyEuropeansshiftingassetstoSingaporefromSwitzerlandtotakeadvantageofrapidAsiangrowthandavoidnewwithholdingtaxesinEurope,theEuropeanauthoritieshavesteppedupcriticismofSingapore’sbankingsystem,sayingthatSingaporeneededtotightencontrolsagainstmoneylaundering.（许多富有的欧洲人都将资产从瑞士转移到新加坡以分享亚洲经济快速增长的盛宴，并且逃避欧洲的新税收，因此欧洲一些政府都在批评新加坡的银行体系，称新加坡需要加紧控制洗钱。），说明许多欧洲人将资产转移到新加坡是为了在亚洲投资以获取利润以及避税，所以A选项“他们想要在亚洲投资以获得更丰厚的利润”，D选项“他们认为欧洲的投资环境不那么有吸引力”属于他们转移资产的原因，排除A,D。C选项“他们想要在亚洲从事非法的金融活动”，由原文可知，从一些欧洲当局的批评以及新加坡的回应可以看出部分资金是用来进行非法交易的，所以C选项属于转移资产的原因，排除C。B选项“他们想要通过巧妙避税来洗钱”，原文只是说想要避税，而不是通过避税来洗钱，所以B选项不属于转移资产的原因，本题选B。

5.语义推测题。由题干关键词“condone”可以定位到文章第四段第一句Singaporeanfinancialauthoritiessaytheydonotcondonemoneylaunderingandrecentlysteppedupfinesagainstbanksfoundtobeinvolvedinillicitfinancialactivity.（新加坡财政部称他们不会宽恕洗钱活动，最近还对那些发现涉及非法金融活动的银行加大了处罚。），说明“condone”在文中是指“宽恕，容忍”的意思。因此C选项“宽恕”正确。A选项“鼓励”，B选项“允许”，D选项“同意”均不符合题意，所以A,B,D错误。

19.单选题

Whatmightdrivingonanautomatedhighwaybelike?Theanswerdependsonwhatkindofsystemisultimatelyadopted.Twodistincttypesareonthedrawingboard.Thefirstisaspecial-purposelanesystem,inwhichcertainlanesarereservedforautomatedvehicles.Thesecondisamixedtrafficsystem;fullyautomatedvehicleswouldsharetheroadwithpartiallyautomatedormanuallydrivencars.Aspecial-purposelanesystemwouldrequiremoreextensivephysicalmodificationstoexistinghighways,butitpromisesthegreatestgainsinfreewaycapacity.

Undereitherscheme,thedriverwouldspecifythedesireddestination,furnishingthisinformationtoacomputerinthecaratthebeginningofthetriporperhapsjustbeforereachingtheautomatedhighway.Ifamixedtrafficsystemwasinplace,automateddrivingcouldbeginwheneverthedriverwasonsuitablyequippedroads.Ifspecial-purposelaneswereavailable,thecarcouldenterthemandjoinexistingtrafficintwodifferentways.Onemethodwoulduseaspecialonramp（入口引道）.Asthedriverapproachedthepointofentryforthehighway,devicesinstalledontheroadsidewouldelectronicallycheckthevehicletodetermineitsdestinationandtoascertainthatithadtheproperautomationequipmentingoodworkingorder.Assumingitpassedsuchtests,thedriverwouldthenbeguidedthroughagateandtowardanautomatedlane.Inthiscase,thetransitionfrommanualtoautomatedcontrolwouldbesharedbyautomatedandregularvehicles.Thedriverwouldsteerontothehighwayandmoveinnormalfashiontoa“transition”lane.Thevehiclewouldthenshiftundercomputercontrolontoalanereservedforautomatedtraffic.Thelimitationoftheselanestoautomatedtrafficwould,presumably,bewellrespectedbecausealltrespasserscouldbeswiftlyidentifiedbyauthorities.

Eitherapproachtojoining,alaneofautomatedtrafficwouldharmonizethemovementofnewlyenteringvehicleswiththosealreadytraveling.Automaticcontrolhereshouldallowforsmoothmerging,withouttheusualuncertaintiesandpotentialforaccidents.Andonceavehiclehadsettledintoautomatedtravel,thedriverwouldbefreetoreleasethewheel,openthemorningpaperorjustrelax.

1.Welearnfromthefirstparagraphthattwosystemsautomatedhighways（

）.

2.Aspecial-purposelanesystemisprobablyadvantageousinthat（

）.

3.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutdrivingonanautomatedhighway?

4.Weknowfromthepassagethatacarcanenteraspecial-purposelane（

）.

5.Whendrivinginanautomatedlane,thedriver（

）.

问题1选项

A.arebeingplanned

B.arebeingmodified

C.arenowinwideuse

D.areunderconstruction

问题2选项

A.itwouldrequireonlyminorchangestoexistinghighways

B.itwouldachievethegreatesthighwaytrafficefficiency

C.ithasalaneforbothautomatedandpartiallyautomatedvehicles

D.itoffersmorelanesforautomatedvehicles

问题3选项

A.Vehiclestravelingonitareassigneddifferentlanesaccordingtotheirdestinations.

B.Acarcanjoinexistingtrafficanytimeinamixedlanesystem.

C.Thedrivershouldinformhiscarcomputerofhisdestinationbeforedrivingontoit.

D.Thedrivershouldsharetheautomatedlanewiththoseofregularvehicles.

问题4选项

A.bysmoothlymergingwithcarsontheconventionallane

B.bywayofarampwithelectroniccontroldevices

C.throughaspeciallyguardedgate

D.afteralltrespassersareidentifiedandremoved

问题5选项

A.shouldharmonizewithnewlyenteringcars

B.doesn’thavetorelyonhiscomputersystem

C.shouldwatchoutforpotentialaccidents

D.doesn’thavetoholdontothesteeringwheel

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:B

第3题:C

第4题:B

第5题:D

【解析】1.细节事实题。由第一段“Twodistincttypesareonthedrawingboard两种不同的类型正处于设计阶段。”可知A项“正在被计划中”正确。

2.细节事实题。由第一段“Aspecial-purposelanesystemwouldrequiremoreextensivephysicalmodificationstoexistinghighways,butitpromisesthegreatestgainsinfreewaycapacity.一个特殊用途的车道系统需要对现有的高速公路进行更广泛的物理改造，但它有望最大限度地提高高速公路的通行能力。”可知特殊用途的车道系统能给高速公路系统带来便利。故B项正确。

3.推理判断题。由第二段“Undereitherscheme,thedriverwouldspecifythedesireddestination,furnishingthisinformationtoacomputerinthecaratthebeginningofthetriporperhapsjustbeforereachingtheautomatedhighway.在这两种方案中，司机将指定想要到达的目的地，并在旅程开始时或在到达自动高速公路之前将这些信息提供给车内的计算机。”可知C项“司机开车前应将目的地告知汽车电脑”正确。

4.推理判断题。由第二段“Ifspecial-purposelaneswereavailable,thecarcouldenterthemandjoinexistingtrafficintwodifferentways.Onemethodwoulduseaspecialonramp（入口引道）.Asthedriverapproachedthe