考研考博-英语-内蒙古警察职业学院考试押题三合一+答案详解4

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-内蒙古警察职业学院考试押题三合一+答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

问题1选项

A.Hestayedupverylateattheparty.

B.Hedidn’tgohomeaftertheparty.

C.Hesuffersfromsleeplessness.

D.Heusedtobeinpoorhealth.

【答案】A

【解析】3.W:Youlooksobad.What’sup?

M:Myheadisspinning.Ihadabunchofmyfriendsoverlastnightandweparteduntilthethreehours.IguessIjustcan’ttakelatenightslikeIusedto.

Q:Whatistrueabouttheman?

【试题答案】A

【试题解析】事实细节题。题干为：有关这个男人，下列哪一项是正确的？由文中“Ihadabunchofmyfriendsoverlastnightandweparteduntilthethreehours.（昨天晚上我和一群朋友玩到很晚，直到三点才散。）”，可知A选项“Hestayedupverylateattheparty.（他熬夜参加聚会到很晚。）”符合原文。B选项“聚会结束后他没有回家”；C选项“他失眠”；D选项“他过去身体不好”不符合原文。

2.单选题

Intheworldofbigbusiness;JamesLintonisprecociousintheextreme.Justtwoyearsintothejobofrevivingoneofthemostillustriousnamesinretailfinance,RoCom,hehasfoundhimselfakeyplayer,inoneoftherichestandcertainlymostaudaciousdealsintheindustryPTL’stakeoverofRoCorm.

PTLispaying£25ashareforRoComapproximately40percentmorethanthemarketvalueoftheshares—anditsofferdocumentboastedthat“PTLattachesgreatimportancetokeyemployeeshavingappropriateperformancerelatedremuneration.”Initiallywaryaboutthetakeover,Lintonhasnownegotiatedahands-offagreementwithPTL,whichconfirmsitsintentiontoleavehimverymuchtohisowndevicestocontinuebuildingthebusiness.Allthisandhewillnotturn38foranotherfortnight!

AlthoughLintoniscreditedwithturningRoComaround,thisismoreamatterofworkinprogressthanactualachievement.Yethedoesseemtohaveinstitutedthebiggesttop-levelshake-upinitsnear70-yearhistory,promotedsomebig-hittersamongstkeystaffandtransformedRoCom’swayofdoingbusiness.

Lintonhas,however,warnedthatthetakeoverisbynomeansaguaranteeoffuturesuccess;indeed,deterioratingmarketconditionssuggestthatthewayforwardwillbeanythingbutsmooth.Lintonrecentlyventuredthehypothesisthatbeingshareholderownedhad,inrecentyears,helpedthebusinessfocusandarguedthatthesector’sexperienceofrivaltakeoverswasnotencouraging.Indeed,therecentlyreportedperformanceofrivalorganizationssuchasMaftenLimitedhasnotpromotedtheno-Linton.

ItmayhavebeenhisideasaboutindependencethatmadeLintonaddressRoCom's900staffonthedaythetakeoverwasannounced,ratherthandoinghigh-profilemediainterviewsonwhatwasimmediatelyseenasafantasticdealforshare-holders.Heisacutelyawareoftheneedtonurturehisstaffifthebusinessistosucceed,somethingwhichisnotlostonthem.Thisisnotamanagement-schooldictum.Itisagenuinebeliefthateverymemberofstaffhascontributedtothefirmandenabledittonet£1.9billionfromPTL.OtherCEOssayheisarrogant,butthisprobablyreflectsthefactthatLintonmayfindtalkingtothemdifficult.Heisalsoferociouslyintelligent,and,whileinothersthiscouldappearintimidating,inLintonitawakesfurtheradmirationamongstloyalemployees.Theyclearlydonotfeeltheyhavetogrovelinfrontofthismastermind,andclaimthatalthoughhe’sincrediblydedicatedtohiswork,hehasanaffablemanner.

LintonboaststhatstaffturnoverratesatRoComhaveremainedlowfortheindustry,atabout12percentsincehetookoverasCEOtwoyearsago.“PeoplehavearealaffectionforRoCom,andthatrunsrightthroughtheofficehere.Theyallwantustobenumberone.”hesays.Heisawareofthepossibilitythatthecollegiateethoshehasworkedsohardtocreate,themeritocracyonwhichhethinksmuchofRoCom’ssuccessdepends,couldbedestroyedifPTListooheavy-handed.HewillneedallhisskillstokeepRoComoncourse,particularlywhenattentionhasimmediatelyfocusedonthepossibilitythatSusanMarshall,itsrespectedinvestmentchief,mightbethefirstcasualtyofthetakeover.WhateverthefutureholdsforRoCom,wearecertaintogoonhearingalotmoreofJamesLinton.

1.WhatisPTLdoing,accordingtoparagraph2?

2.WhatdowelearnaboutLinton’sworkatRoCominparagraph3?

3.WhatdoesLintonsayaboutRoCominparagraph4?

4.WhichofthefollowingissaidaboutLinton’smanagementstyle?

5.HowdoesLintonfeelaboutthetakeover,accordingtoparagraph6?

问题1选项

A.AllowingLintontorunRoCominthewayhewishesto

B.PurchasingmajorityoftheRoComsharesonoffer

C.GivingallRoComstaffregularbonusestopromotemotivation

D.DrawingupnewemploymentcontractsforRoComemployees

问题2选项

A.HehasachievedmorethananyoneinRoCom’shistory.

B.HehaswidenedtherangeofRoCom’sbusinessactivities.

C.Hehastakenonanumberofnewemployees.

D.Hehasmadechangestoseniormanagement.

问题3选项

A.Thecompanyislikelytofacedifficulttimes.

B.Thecompanyhaslostanumberofexperiencedstaff.

C.Thecompanyisexpectingtoreportencouragingresultsshortly.

D.Thecompanyneedstochangeitsfocustoremaincompetitive.

问题4选项

A.Heinvolvesothersinthedecision-makingprocess.

B.Hisstafffindhimapproachable.

C.Heexpectshisstafftoworkashardashedoes.

D.HisstylediffersfromthatofotherCEOs.

问题5选项

A.Pleasedthatstaffturnoverfinallystartedtofalltwoyearsago

B.AfraidthathewilllosehisjobtoSusanMarshall

C.Worriedthatthecompanyculturemightchange

D.Happythatemployemployeeshavebeensosupportiveofhiswork

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:D

第3题:A

第4题:B

第5题:C

【解析】1.细节事实题。文章第二段倒数第二句提到现在，林顿已经与PTL谈判达成了一项不干涉协议，这证实了PTL打算让林顿根据自己的意愿继续发展业务（Lintonhasnownegotiatedahands-offagreementwithPTL,whichconfirmsitsintentiontoleavehimverymuchtohisowndevicestocontinuebuildingthebusiness），因此选项A符合题意。

2.判断推理题。文章第三段提到林顿似乎确实实施了公司近70年历史上规模最大的高层人事变动，在关键员工中提拔了一些重量级人物，并改变了RoCom的经营方式Y（ethedoesseemtohaveinstitutedthebiggesttop-levelshake-upinitsnear70-yearhistory,promotedsomebig-hittersamongstkeystaffandtransformedRoCom’swayofdoingbusiness），选项D符合题意。

3.细节事实题。文章第四段第一句可以知道公司正面临一些问题，处在艰难时期，选项A符合题意。

4.细节事实题。文章倒数第二段倒数第一句提到虽然林顿全身心投入工作，但是他依然给人一种和蔼可亲的感觉（theyclearlydonotfeeltheyhavetogrovelinfrontofthismastermind,andclaimthatalthoughhe’sincrediblydedicatedtohiswork,hehasanaffablemanner），选项B符合题意。

5.判断推理题。文章最后一段提到林顿认为如果PTL太过严厉，他努力经营的学员风气就会被摧毁（Heisawareofthepossibilitythatthecollegiateethoshehasworkedsohardtocreate,themeritocracyonwhichhethinksmuchfRoCom’ssuccessdepends,couldbedestroyedifPTListooheavy-handeD.，由此可知他是害怕公司文化会改变，选项C符合题意。

3.单选题

Allowchildrenthespacetovoicetheiropinions

_____

theyaredifferentfromyourown.

问题1选项

A.until

B.evenif

C.unless

D.asthough

【答案】B

【解析】考查词义辨析。A项“直到”；B项“尽管”；C项“除非”；D项“似乎”；句意：允许孩子有发言的空间，尽管他们的意见和你自己的有所不同。因此选B。

4.单选题

Althoughthemaincharactersinthenovelaresotruetolife,theyarecertainly____bytheauthor.

问题1选项

A.imaginary

B.imagining

C.imaginable

D.imaginative

【答案】A

【解析】【选项释义】

A.imaginary幻想的；虚构的B.imagining想象（现在分词）

C.imaginable想象得到的D.imaginative有想象力的

【答案】A

【考查点】语义衔接与形近词辨析

【解题思路】原句语义为“虽然小说中的主要人物都很真实，但他们确实是作者____。”空格处所填词用来修饰作者笔下的小说人物，并且与真实的（sotruetolife）意义相对，因此，A选项imaginary“幻想的；虚构的”最符合原句语义衔接。

【干扰项排除】B、C、D选项都是正确选项的形近词，但不符合原句语义衔接。

【句意】虽然小说中的主要人物都很逼真，但他们确实是作者虚构的。

5.单选题

Salaryincreasesareusefultoretainandemployees,and（

）arealsoamethodofrecognizingtheemployee'scontributiontoacompany.

问题1选项

A.motivate

B.modulate

C.multiply

D.mobilize

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A选项motivate表示“刺激，激励，促进”；B选项modulate表示“调节，调整”；C选项multiply表示“乘，繁殖，增加”；D选项mobilize表示“动员，集合，组织”。

由句意可知，涨工资有利于保持和激发员工积极性，同时也是对员工贡献的认可。因此，motivate的词义最符合句意，故本题正确答案为A选项。

6.单选题

Thetigercontinuedto（

）usbywalkingroundandroundourtent.

问题1选项

A.trap

B.transplant

C.menace

D.provoke

【答案】C

【解析】trap诱骗,设陷阱；transplant移植；menace威胁,恐吓；provoke激怒,煽动。句意:老虎围绕着帐篷转来转去,继续威胁着我们。选项C符合句意。

7.单选题

Manyobjectsindailyusehaveclearlybeeninfluencedbyscience,buttheirformand

function,theirdimensionsandappearance,weredeterminedbytechnologists,artisans,designers,inventors,andengineers-usingnon-scientificmodesofthought.Manyfeaturesandqualitiesoftheobjectsthatatechnologistthinksaboutcannotbereducedtounambiguousverbaldescriptions;theyaredealtwithinthemindbyavisual,nonverbalprocess.InthedevelopmentofWesterntechnology,ithasbeennon-verbalthinking,byandlarge,thathasfixedtheoutlinesandfilledinthedetailsofourmaterialsurroundings.Pyramids,cathedrals,androcketsexistnotbecauseofgeometryorthermodynamics,butbecausetheywerefirstapictureinthemindsofthosewhobuiltthem.Thecreativeshapingprocessofatechnologist'smindcanbeseeninnearlyeveryartifactthatexists.Forexample,indesigningadieselengine,atechnologistmightimpressindividualwaysofnonverbalthinkingonthemachinebycontinuallyusinganintuitivesenseofrightnessandfitness.Whatwouldbetheshapeofthecombustionchamber?Whereshouldthevalvesbeplaced?Shouldithavealongorshortpiston?Suchquestionshavearangeofanswersthataresuppliedbyexperience,byphysicalrequirements,bylimitationsofavailablespace,andnotleastbyasenseofform.Somedecisionssuchaswallthicknessandpindiameter,maydependonscientificcalculations,butthenonscientificcomponentofdesignremainsprimary.

Designcourses,then,shouldbeanessentialelementinengineeringcurricula.Nonverbalthinking,acentralmechanisminengineeringdesign,involvesperceptions,thestock-in-tradeoftheartist,notthescientist.Becauseperceptiveprocessesarenotassumedtoentail“hardthinking,”nonverbalthoughtissometimesseenasaprimitivestageinthedevelopmentofcognitiveprocessesandinferiortoverbalormathematicalthought.ButitisparadoxicalthatwhenthestaffoftheHistoricAmericanEngineeringRecordwishedtohavedrawingsmadeofmachinesandisometricviewsofindustrialprocessesforitshistoricalrecordofAmericanengineering,theonlycollegestudentswiththerequisitestudentswiththerequisiteabilitieswerenotengineeringstudents,butratherstudentsattendingarchitecturalschools.

Itcoursesindesign,whichinastronglyanalyticalengineeringcurriculumprovidethebackgroundrequiredforpracticalproblem-solving,arenotprovided,wecanexpecttoencountersillybutcostlyerrorsoccurringinadvancedengineeringsystems.Forexample,earlymodelsofhigh-speedrailroadcarsloadedwithsophisticatedcontrolswereunabletooperateinasnowstormbecauseafansuckedsnowintotheelectricalsystem.Absurdrandomfailuresthatplagueautomaticcontrolsystemsarenotmerelytrivialaberrations;theyareareflectionofthechaosthatresultswhendesignisassumedtobeprimarilyaprobleminmathematics.

1.Inthepassage,theauthorisprimarilyconcernedwith（

）

2.Itcanbeinferredthattheauthorthinksengineeringcurriculaare（

）

3.Whichofthefollowingstatementsbestillustratesthemainpointofthefirstpassage?

4.Whichofthefollowingstatementswouldbestserveasanintroductiontothepassage?

5.TheauthorcallsthepredicamentfacedbytheHistoricAmericanEngineeringRecord“paradoxical”(lines22)mostprobablybecause（

）

6.Accordingtothepassagerandomfailuresinautomaticcontrolsystemsare“notmerelytrivialaberrations”(lines32)because（

）

7.Theauthorusestheexampleoftheearlymodelsofhigh-speedrailroadcarsprimarilyto（

）

问题1选项

A.identifyingthekindsofthinkingthatareusedbytechnologists

B.stressingtheimportanceofnonverbalthinkinginengineeringdesign

C.proposinganewrolefornonscientificthinkinginthedevelopmentoftechnology

D.contrastingthegoalsofengineerswiththoseoftechnologists

问题2选项

A.strengthenedwhentheyincludecourseindesign

B.weakenedbythesubstitutionofphysicalsciencecoursesforcoursesdesignedtodevelopmathematicalskills

C.strongbecausenonverbalthinkingisstillemphasizedbymostofthecourses

D.strongdespitetheerrorsthatgraduatesofsuchcurriculahavemadeinthedevelopmentofautomaticcontrolsystems

问题3选项

A.Whenamachinelikearotaryenginemalfunctions,itisthetechnologistwhoisbestequippedtorepairit.

B.Eachcomponentofanautomobile-forexample,theengineorthefueltank-hasashapethathasbeenscientificallydeterminedtobebestsuitedtothatcomponent’sfunction.

C.Thedistinctivefeaturesofasuspensionbridgereflectitsdesigner’sconceptualizationaswellasthephysicalrequirementsofitssite.

D.Thedesignerofanewrefrigeratorshouldconsiderthedesignsofotherrefrigeratorsbeforedecidingonitsfinalform.

问题4选项

A.Theassumptionthattheknowledgeincorporatedintechnologicaldevelopmentsmustbederivedfromscienceignoresthemanynonscientificdecisionsmadebytechnologists.

B.Analyticalthoughtisnolongeravitalcomponentinthesuccessoftechnologicaldevelopment.

C.Asknowledgeoftechnologyhasincreasedthetendencyhasbeentolosesightoftheimportantroleplayedbyscientificthoughtinmakingdecisionsaboutform,arrangement,andtexture.

D.Amovementinengineeringcollegestowardatechnician’sdegreereflectsademandforgraduateswhohavethenonverbalreasoningabilitythatwasoncecommonamongengineers.

问题5选项

A.thepublicationneededdrawingsthatitsownstaffcouldnotmake.

B.Architecturalschoolsofferedbutdidnotrequireengineeringdesigncoursesfortheirstudents.

C.Engineeringstudentswerenottrainedtomakethetypeofdrawingsneededtorecordthedevelopmentoftheirowndiscipline.

D.Thedrawingsneededweresocomplicatedthatevenstudentsinarchitecturalschoolshaddifficultymakingthem.

问题6选项

A.automaticcontrolsystemsaredesignedbyengineerswhohavelittlepracticalexperienceinthefield.

B.thefailuresarecharacteristicofsystemsdesignedbyengineersrelyingtooheavilyonconceptsinmathematics.

C.thefailuresoccurtoooftentobetakenlightly.

D.designersofautomaticcontrolsystemshavetoolittletrainingintheanalysisofmechanicaldifficulties.

问题7选项

A.weakentheargumentthatmodemengineeringsystemshavemajordefectsbecauseofanabsenceofdesigncoursesinengineeringcurricula.

B.supportthethesisthatthenumberoferrorsinmodemengineeringsystemsislikelytoincrease.

C.illustratetheideathatcoursesindesignarethemosteffectivemeansforreducingthecostofdesigningengineeringsystems.

D.supportthecontentionthatalackofattentiontothenonscientificaspectsofdesignresultsinpoorconceptualizationbyengineers.

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:A

第3题:C

第4题:A

第5题:C

第6题:B

第7题:D

【解析】1.根据文章第一段:InthedevelopmentofWesterntechnology,ithasbeennon-verbalthinking,byandlarge,thathasfixedtheoutlinesandfilledinthedetailsofourmaterialsurroundings.在西方科技的发展过程中，大体上是由非言语思维刻画了我们物质环境的轮廓并充实了其中的细节。该句强调“non-verbalthinking”的重要性。所以B选项‘强调工程设计中非语言思维的重要性‘符合题意。

2.根据题目中的“engineeringcurricula”找到文章的第二段第一句Designcourses,then,shouldbeanessentialelementinengineeringcurricula.因此设计课程应该成为工程课程中的基本成份。“should”是在该句中意思是“应该做”而实际上确“没有做”。所以确定A选项‘强调在设计中包括的课程‘符合题意。

3.根据文章第一段：InthedevelopmentofWesterntechnology,ithasbeennon-verbalthinking,byandlarge,thathasfixedtheoutlinesandfilledinthedetailsofourmaterialsurroundings.在西方科技的发展过程中，大体上是由非言语思维刻画了我们物质环境的轮廓并充实了其中的细节。和Somedecisionssuchaswallthicknessandpindiameter,maydependonscientificcalculations,butthenonscientificcomponentofdesignremainsprimary.某一些决定，比如壁厚和销钉直径，可能需要由科学的计算来定夺，但设计中的非科学成分仍然是主要的。由此确定C选项‘吊桥的显著特点反映出设计得的概念化与当地的地理特符合题意。。A选项‘转子发动机这样的机械出现故障时，应当派最好的技术人员去维修‘、B选项’汽车的每个零件，如：发动机，油箱，都是经过科学检测，与各部分零件是完全匹配兼容的‘和D选项’冰箱的新的设计人员在决定最后的方案时，要参考其它冰箱的设计方案‘并没有呈现出非语言思维模式，与题意不符。

4.根据文章第一段：InthedevelopmentofWesterntechnology,ithasbeennon-verbalthinking,byandlarge,thathasfixedtheoutlinesandfilledinthedetailsofourmaterialsurroundings.在西方科技的发展过程中，大体上是由非言语思维刻画了我们物质环境的轮廓并充实了其中的细节。Somedecisionssuchaswallthicknessandpindiameter,maydependonscientificcalculations,butthenonscientificcomponentofdesignremainsprimary.某一些决定，比如壁厚和销钉直径，可能需要由科学知计算来定夺，但设计中的非科学成分仍然是主要的。Nonverbalthinking,acentralmechanisminengineeringdesign,involvesperceptions,thestock-in-tradeoftheartist,notthescientist.非语言思维，这一工程设计的核心机制，包括了感受这一属于艺术家的而非科学家的惯用手段。确定A选项‘如果假设技术层面的知识来源于科学，就忽略了许多技术人员所做非科学性的决定‘正确。

5.根据文章第二段：ButitisparadoxicalthatwhenthestaffoftheHistoricAmericanEngineeringRecordwishedtohavedrawingsmadeofmachinesandisometricviewsofindustrialprocessesforitshistoricalrecordofAmericanengineering,theonlycollegestudentswiththerequisitestudentswiththerequisiteabilitieswerenotengineeringstudents,butratherstudentsattendingarchitecturalschools.但令人感到自相矛盾的是，当《美国工程历史名录》的工作人员希望得到为其美国工程历史记录而绘制的机器图和等比例图时，唯一具有所需技能的大学生不是工程学大学生，而是就读于建筑学院的大学生。该句强调的是“engineeringstudents”在教育方面的缺陷，所以C选项‘工程学的学生没有接受画图纸的训练，而这一技能是追踪这一学科发展所必需的手段‘正确。

6.根据文章最后一段：Forexample,earlymodelsofhigh-speedrailroadcarsloadedwithsophisticatedcontrolswereunabletooperateinasnowstormbecauseafansuckedsnowintotheelectricalsystem.比如，装载了精密控制设备的早期高速铁路车辆模型不能在暴风雪中正常运行，原因是一个风扇将雪吸入到电子系统中。Absurdrandomfailuresthatplagueautomaticcontrolsystemsarenotmerelytrivialaberrations;theyareareflectionofthechaosthatresultswhendesignisassumedtobeprimarilyaprobleminmathematics.干扰着自动控制系统的荒唐的随机故障不是轻微的异常；它们是一种混乱的反映，人们认为这种混乱主要在设计数学方面的问题时就会产生。确定B选项‘失败的原因是设计这一系统的工程师太过于依赖数学概念’正确。

7.根据文章最后一段：Itcoursesindesign,whichinastronglyanalyticalengineeringcurriculumprovidethebackgroundrequiredforpracticalproblem-solving,arenotprovided,wecanexpecttoencountersillybutcostlyerrorsoccurringinadvancedengineeringsystems.如果不能开设设计课程（它能在一个高度分析性工程学课程体系中提供解决实际问题的背景知识），我们就会在先进的工程系统中遇到愚蠢而同时会导致极大损失的错误。确定D选项‘对非科学性的设计缺少足够关注，从而导致了工程师们构想能力的下降’符合题意。

8.单选题

Pleaseputyouremptycigarettepacketsandpaperbagsinthe______binsprovided.

问题1选项

A.junk

B.litter

C.scrap

D.deposit

【答案】B

【解析】考查名词辨析。junk“废物”；litter“垃圾”；scrap“残余物”；deposit“沉淀物”。Litterbin指“垃圾箱”，因此B选项符合题意。

9.单选题

Fewerandfeweroftoday’sworkersexpecttospendtheirworkinglivesinthesamefield,____thesamecompany.

问题1选项

A.allelse

B.muchworse

C.letalone

D.lesslikely

【答案】C

【解析】【选项释义】

A.allelse其他所有B.muchworse更糟糕的是

C.letalone更不必说D.lesslikely更不可能

【答案】C

【考查点】语义衔接

【解题思路】前文提到“如今越来越少的工人想在同一个领域（inthesamefield）度过他们的工作生涯”，后文内容为“同一家公司（thesamecompany）”，根据前后语义可知，从“同一个领域”到“同一家公司”，工人们不愿意的程度是增加的，空格前后为程度增加的两个名词短语，C选项letalone“更不必说”，相当于一个连词，符合原文语境。

【干扰项排除】

A选项allelse“其他所有”，不符合原文语义衔接；

B选项muchworse“更糟糕的是”，不符合原文语义衔接；

D选项lesslikely“更不可能”，形容词或副词短语，不单独并列两个名词短语。

【句意】如今越来越少的工人想一直在同一个领域工作，更不用说同一家公司了。

10.单选题

Thetwosurfaces（

）toeachotherandwecouldn’tgetthemapart.

问题1选项

A.stuck

B.clung

C.cohered

D.adhered

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词辨析。stick“粘住，贴有粘着剂而变得固定”，stickto坚持；cling“紧抓”；cohere“凝结，粘着”；adhereto“粘附，指被吸力或胶水粘住”。句意：这两个面粘在一起了，我们不能把它们分离。故D项符合题意。

11.单选题

The（）dancerwhowas70wasjusttooexhaustedtoproducegooddancemoves.

问题1选项

A.morass

B.hierarchical

C.effete

D.proselyte

【答案】C

【解析】考查词义辨析。A选项morass“沼泽；困境；乱糟糟的一堆”；B选项hierarchical“分层的；等级体系的”；C选项effete“衰老的；疲惫的；（土地）贫瘠的”；D选项proselyte“使改宗教信仰”。句意：年龄为70岁的这位衰老的跳舞者，实在是太疲惫而无法拿出好的舞蹈动作。结合句意判断出选项C正确。

12.单选题

TheremedyproposedbyMr.Maxwellissimple,easyand（

）.

问题1选项

A.appreciable

B.amendable

C.collapsible

D.practicable

【答案】D

【解析】形容词辨析题。appreciable可评估的，相当可观的；amendable可修正的；collapsible可折叠的；practicable可实行的，行得通的。

句意：Maxwell先生提出的补救办法简单而且切实可行。选项D符合句意。

13.单选题

Theenergygainedfromthesuncanthenbeusedduringthenighttoenablethenecessarychemicalreactionto（

）initsbody.

问题1选项

A.precede

B.proceed

C.progress

D.practice

【答案】B

【解析】句意:从太阳获取的能量能在夜间被用来使必要的化学反应在体内进行。

考查动词辨析。Precede领先，在……之前;proceed开始，继续进行,发生;progress前进,进步;practice练习,实习,实行。故B符合句意。

14.翻译题

Unemploymentandinflation

Thebest-knownapplicationofrationalexpectationsmodelshasbeentoaninterpretationoftheobservedrelationbetweenunemploymentandinflation.A.W.Phillips(1958)notedanegativerelationbetweentheunemploymentrateandthewageinflationrateintheUnitedKingdombetween1861and1957.AsimilarrelationwasfoundalsointheUnitedStatesformuchofthesamesampleperiod.Sincethen,thenegativerelationhasbrokendown.Lucas(1976)andSargentandWallace(1973)offeredinterpretationsofthePhillipsrelationanditssubsequentbreakdown.Initssimplestterms:thisinterpretationassertsthattheremaybeastablerelationbetweenunemploymentandunexpectedinflation.Unexpectedinflationmaycausejobseekerstomisperceivetherealvalueofwageofferstheyhavereceived,andthustoacceptoffersthattheywouldnothaveacceptediftheyhadknownthetruerealwagetheyweregetting.Byacceptingthesejobs,theylowertheunemploymentrate.IntheperiodPhillipsstudiedthepricelevelmighthavebeenwell-enoughapproximatedbyarandomwalkthatactualinflationmayhaveapproximatelyequaledunexpectedinflation.Sincethen,wheninflationhasbecomemuchmoreseriallycorrelated,actualandexpectedinflationmayhavedivergedwidely.

【答案】失业和通货膨胀

最著名的理性预期模型的应用己经是对观察到的失业率和通货膨胀之间关系的一种解释。A.W.Phniips（1958）指出，在1861年至1957年，联合王国的失业率与工资通货膨胀率之间存在着消极关系。在美国也发现了类似的关系，大部分是相同的样本周期。从那时起，消极的关系已经破裂了。Lucas(1976)、Sargent和Wallace(1973)给出了Phillips关系及其随后破裂的解释。最简单的说法是：这个解释声称，失业和预期外的通货膨胀之间可能存在稳定的关系。预期外的通货膨胀可能导致求职者错估了他们所收到的工资待遇的真实价值，因此才接受了这些工作。如果他们知道真正的实际工资，他们是不会接受的。通过接受这些工作，他们降低了失业率。在这期间，Phillips研究价格水平可能非常的接近随机理论，即实际通货膨胀可能约等于预期外的通货膨胀。从那时起，当通货膨胀变得更错综复杂，实际和预期的通货膨胀可能有广泛的分歧。

15.单选题

TheSpanishteam,whoarenotinsuperbform,willbedoingtheirbestnextweekto（）themselvesontheGermanteamforlastyear'sdefeat.

问题1选项

A.remedy

B.reproach

C.revive

D.revenge

【答案】D

【解析】形近词辨析。remedy补救，治疗；reproach责备；revive使复兴，使苏醒；revenge报仇，雪耻。句意：西班牙队虽然状态不佳，但下周他们将竭尽全力为去年的失利向德国队一雪前耻。选项D符合句意。

16.单选题

LikemostotherAmericancompanieswitharigid（）,workersandmanagershavestrictlydefinedduties.

问题1选项

A.vitality

B.jurisdiction

C.hierarchy

D.bureaucracy

【答案】C

【解析】名词辨析题。vitality生机，活力；jurisdiction司法权，管辖权；hierarchy层次，层级，等级制度；bureaucracy官僚主义。句意：和大多数等级森严的美国公司一样，工人和经理们也有严格定义的职责。选项C符合句意。

17.单选题

Joereturnedfromvacationandwokeupcompletely（）.

问题1选项

A.refreshed

B.beingrefreshed

C.havingrefreshed

D.havingbeenrefreshed

【答案】A

【解析】考查非谓语动词。B选项是动名词的被动形式，“beingdone”，C选项是动名词的完成形式“havingdone”，D选项是动名词的完成+被动形式“havingbeendone”，句意：乔度假回来，醒来后精神抖擞。所以本题的正确答案应该是A选项。

18.单选题

问题1选项

A.marineproducts

B.dairyproducts

C.industrialproducts

D.avianproducts

【答案】D

【解析】考查名词辨析。横线单词poultry意为“家禽；家禽肉”；A选项“marineproducts”意为“海产品；水产及制品”；B选项“dairyproducts”意为“乳制品，奶制品；乳酪产品”；C选项“industrialproducts”意为“工业产品”；D选项“avianproducts”意为“禽类产品”。句意：据报道，美国宾夕法尼亚州最近爆发的禽流感促使中国禁止从该州进口家禽。由题干可知，thelatestoutbreakofthebirdflu（最近爆发的禽流感）肯定和家禽相关。所以中国禁止进口的应该是家禽。由此可知，poultry在此处最可能是“家禽”的意思。因此D选项符合题意。

19.单选题

Ourspeciesevolvedonthemove.Recentresearchontheeffectsofexerciseandtheconsequencesofsedentarylivinghasshownthatphysicalactivityiscrucialtotheproperprocessingoffoodsthatweeat.Infact,mostofthechronicandoftenlife-threateningailmentsthatbesiegeAmericansinepidemicproportionscouldbetemperedbyregularexercise.Amongthemareheartdisease,diabetes,highbloodpressure,arthritis,andosteoporosis.Butlet'sfaceit:mostpeoplearenotmotivatedtoexercisebywhatitmaydoforthem20yearsdownthepike.Whatgetspeoplelikemeoutmovingeverydayiswhatexercisedoesformerightnow,especiallyhowitallowsmetoenjoyeatingwithoutgaining.I,alongwithmillionsofAmericans,havediscoveredthatexerciseisthekeytopermanentandpainlessweightcontrol.

Afterhearingadescriptionofmyusualdailyexercisescheduleamorningrunorbikerideandaneveningswim,sometimeswithanhouroftennisinbetween—somepeopleremark,“Wouldn’titbealoteasiertoeatonelessbageladayandskipallthatexercise?”Myansweris,“Easier,yes,butnotnearlyaseffectivenorasmuchfun”.Here’swhyexercise,notdieting,isthebestroutetoaleaner,lighteryou.

Farbetterforyourhealthand,yourfuturetoloseprimarilyfatisinthefirstplace.Theonlywaytodothatisthroughexercise,whichusesbodyfatasitsmainsourceofenergy.Youmaynotseethatinitialrapid(butfalse)weightloss,butwhatyoulosewillbewhatyouwanttolose——fat,notmuscleorwater.Yourlosswillbeslowbutsteady,and,ifyoumakeexercisearegularpartofyourlife,chancesareyourlosswillbepermanent,too.Ifit’sanyconsolation,studieshaveshownthatinmostcases,thefasterpeopleloseweight,themorelikelytheyaretoregainit.Slowloss,then,isthesecrettolastingsuccess.

Ifyouwanttoloseweightfasterthanyoucanwithjustexercise,simplycombineexercisewithareduced-caloriediet.ResearchersattheUniversityofCalifornia,Davis,showedthatexercisecancounterthemetabolism-loweringeffectofalow-caloriedietinmanypeople.Italsoseemstocurbtheadversecaloriceffectofagingonbodymetabolism.Whereasordinarilyyourmetabolismwouldslowdownasyougetolder(whichisonereasonpeoplegetfatterinmiddleageeventhoughtheydon’teatmore),ifyoucontinuetoexerciseregularly,youmaykeepyouryouthfulmetabolicratebymaintainingamusclebodyinsteadoflosingmuscleandputtingonpoundsoffat.

1.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?

2.WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutweightcontrolisNOTtrue?

3.Mostmiddle-agedpeoplegetfatter,mainlybecause（）.

4.Whichofthefollowingwouldbeabesttitleforthepassage?

5.Thepassageismainlyabout（）.

问题1选项

A.Theslowerpeopleloseweight,thelesslikelytheyaretoachievetheirgoals

B.Peoplewhoareondietmerelylosemuscleandwater.

C.Regularexercisesmayreducethechanceofgettingcertainchronicdiseases.

D.Physicalactivityusemuscletissueasitsmainsourceofenergy

问题2选项

A.Theexerciseisthesecrettopermanentandsuccessfulweightcontrol

B.Combiningexerciseswithareduced-caloriedietmakeiteasiertoloseweight.

C.Healthyweightcontrolmeansloseprimaryfat,notmuscleorwater.

D.Toeatlessandskiptheexerciseisaneasyandeffectivewayoflosingweight.

问题3选项

A.thechemicalactivityintheirbodythatusesthefoodtoproduceenergyslowsdown

B.theymadedietarychangeswhentheygrowold

C.oftheirsedentaryliving

D.theydon’texerciseregularly

问题4选项

A