考研考博-英语-北京航空航天大学考试押题三合一+答案详解1

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-北京航空航天大学考试押题三合一+答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

TomLandryisoneofthemostsuccessfulfootballcoachesinNationalFootballLeaguehistoryandhewasknownforhis（

）mannerandfiercecompetitiveness.

问题1选项

A.unruffled

B.brutal

C.suspicious

D.tender

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容词辨析。Unruffled意为“平静的，镇定的，沉着的”；brutal意为“野蛮的”；suspicious意为“可疑的，不信任的”；tender意为“和善的，温柔的”。

句意：汤姆•兰德里是国际足球联盟历史上最成功的足球教练之一，他以沉着冷静和激烈竞争而闻名。

2.单选题

Analystshavehadtheirgoathumor,andIhavereadsomeofthisinterpretativeliterature,butwithoutbeinggreatlyinstructed.Humorcanbedissected,asafrogcan,butthethingdiesintheprocessandtheinnardsarediscouragingtoanybutthepurescientificmind.

InanewsreeltheatretheotherdayIsawapictureofamanwhohaddevelopedthesoapbubbletoahigherpointthanithadeverbeforereached.HehadbecametheacesoapbubbleblowerofAmerica,hadperfectedthebusinessofblowingbubbles,refinedit,doubledit,squaredit,andhadevenworkedhimselfupintoaconvenientlather.Theeffectwasnotpretty.Someofthebubblesweretoobigtobebeautiful,andtheblowerwasalwaysjumpingintothemoroutofthem,orplayingsomesortofunattractivetrickwiththem.Itwas,ifanything,aratherrepulsivesight.Humorisalittlelikethat:itwon’tstandmuchblowingup,anditwon’tstandmuchpoking.Ithasacertainfragility,anevasiveness,whichonehadbestrespect.Essentially,itisacompletemystery.Ahumanframeconvulsedwithlaughter,andthelaughterbecominghystericalanduncontrollable,isasfaroutofbalanceasoneshakenwiththehiccoughsorinthethroesofasneezingfit.

Oneofthethingscommonlysaidabouthumoristsisthattheyarereallyverysadpeople—clownwithabreakingheart.Thereissometruthinit,butitisbadlystated.Itwouldbemoreaccurate,Ithink,tosaythatthereisadeepveinofmelancholyrunningthrougheveryone’slifeandthatthehumorist,perhapsmoresensibleofitthansomeothers,compensatesforitactivelyandpositively.Humoristsfattenontrouble.Theyhavealwaysmadetroublepay.Theystrugglealongwithagoodwillandendurepaincheerfully,knowinghowwellitwillservetheminthesweetbyandby.Youfindthemwrestlingwithforeignlanguages,fightingfoldingironingboardsandswollendrainpipes,sufferingtheterriblediscomfortoftightboots(orasJoshBillingwittilycalledthem,“tite”boots).Theypourouttheirsorrowsprofitably，inaformthatisnotquitefictionnorquitefacteither.Beneaththesparklingsurfaceofthesedilemmasflowsthestrongtideofhumanwoe.

1.Thecentralthemeofthisessayis:（）

2.ThemainideaofParagraph2is:（）

3.Whydoestheauthorfeelthatwhenhumorisdissected,itdiesintheprocess?（）

4.Theword“melancholy”inParagraph3probablymeans（）.

5.Inhisfinalsentence,theauthorisevokinganimageof（）.

问题1选项

A.Thereislittlehumorinoldnewsreel.

B.Humorcanbedissectedlikeafrog.

C.Humorisessentiallyamystery,andbecausehumoristsaremoreawareofmelancholy,theyseemsadderthanmostpeople.

D.Humoristsneedtocompensateforthepaintheyhavesuffered.

问题2选项

A.Theauthoroncesawapictureofthelargestsoapbubbleevermade.

B.Thebubbleblowingperformancewasarepulsivesight.

C.Humorisfragile.

D.Laughterisnotameasureofhumor.

问题3选项

A.Thefuninhumorliesinexaminingitscontents.

B.Humormusttantalizethesensesonimpact—ifithastobeexplained,itlosesitseffect.

C.Humorisbestenjoyedbypeoplewithscientificminds.

D.Agoodhumoristshouldexplainhisorherjoketomakesureeveryoneunderstandsit.

问题4选项

A.joy

B.sadness

C.hysteria

D.exhilaration

问题5选项

A.theocean

B.sparklinggerms

C.hightide

D.flowingwater

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:C

第3题:B

第4题:B

第5题:B

【解析】第1题:作者认为幽默是生活中的一部分。文章第一段提到了分析师分析幽默的行为。第二段举了吹肥皂泡的例子，引出幽默的本质。最后一段作者提到幽默家并不是真正的快乐。选项C符合题意。

第2题:文章第二段以吹肥皂泡表演开始，接下来提到humorisalittlelikethat,幽默与吹肥皂泡相似：脆弱而又飘忽不定。作者还认为幽默就是一个谜（Essentially,itisacompletemystery）。选项C符合题意。

第3题:文章第一段最后一句话提到Humorcanbedissected,asafrogcan,butthethingdiesintheprocessandtheinnardsarediscouragingtoanybutthepurescientificmind，意思就是经过剖析后的幽默除了纯科学头脑，其他人只会变得沮丧。也就是说经过剖析后的幽默断然无存。选项B符合题意。

第4题:题干出现在文章第三段第三句话，后面提到幽默家是靠烦恼致富的，他们能够从烦恼中获得补偿（Humoristsfattenontrouble.Theyhavealwaysmadetroublepay）。因此melancholy这个词应该是表示消极意思的词。选项B与trouble意思相近，所以符合题意。

第5题:文章最后一句Beneaththesparklingsurfaceofthesedilemmasflowsthestrongtideofhumanwoe“在光鲜亮丽的外表下，背后遭罪”，选项B符合题意。

3.不定项选择题

Exceptionalchildrenaredifferentinsomesignificantwayfromothersofthesameage.Forthesechildrentodeveloptotheirfulladultpotential,theireducationmustbeadaptedtothosedifferences.

Althoughwefocusontheneedsofexceptionalchildren,wefindourselvesdescribingtheirenvironmentaswell.Whiletheleadingactoronthestagecapturesourattention,weareawareoftheimportanceofthesupportingplayersandthesceneryoftheplayitself.Boththefamilyandthesocietyinwhichexceptionalchildrenliveareoftenthekeytotheirgrowthanddevelopment.Anditisinthepublicschoolsthatwefindthefullexpressionofsociety’sunderstanding—theknowledge,hopesandfearsthatarepassedontothenextgeneration.

Educationinanysocietyismirrorofthatsociety.Inthatmirrorwecanseethestrengths,theweakness,thehopes,theprejudices,andthecentralvaluesofthecultureitself.Thegreatinterestinexceptionalchildrenshowninpubliceducationoverthepastthreedecadesindicatesthestrongfeelinginoursocietythatallcitizens,whatevertheirspecialconditions,deservetheopportunitytofullydeveloptheircapabilities.

“Allmenarecreatedequal.”We’vehearditmanytimes,butitstillhasimportantmeaningforeducationinademocraticsociety.Althoughthephrasewasusedbythiscountry’sfounderstodenoteequalitybeforethelaw,ithasalsobeeninterpretedtomeanequalityofopportunity.Thatconceptimplieseducationalopportunityforallchildren—therightofeachchildtoreceivehelpinlearningtothelimitsofhisorhercapacity,whetherthatcapacitybesmallorgreat.Recentcourtdecisionshaveconfirmedtherightofallchildren—disabledornot—toanappropriateeducation,andhaveorderedthatpublicschoolstakethenecessarystepstoprovidethateducation.Inresponse,schoolsaremodifyingtheirprogram,adaptinginstructiontochildrenwhoareexceptional,tothosewhocannotprofitsubstantiallyfromregularprograms.

1.Whatisthepurposeforauthortocitetheexampleofstageinparagraph2?

2.Whydoespublicpaymuchattentiontoexceptionaleducation?

3.WhichoneofthefollowingactionshasNOTbeentakentofacilitateexceptionaleducation?

4.Theword“substantially”inparagraph4isclosestinmeaningto（）.

5.Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?

问题1选项

A.Toshowthoseexceptionalchildrenaremoreeasilyinfluencedthannormalchildren.

B.Toindicatethoseexceptionalchildrenhavegreatpotentials.

C.Toidentifyallmenareborntobeequal.

D.Toillustratetheimportanceofenvironmentsuchasfamilyandsociety.

问题2选项

A.Exceptionaleducationisapartofcompulsoryeducation.

B.Thebeliefthatexceptionalchildrenshoulddeveloptheirpotentialsaswell.

C.Exceptionaleducationhasbeenunderestimatedforalongtime.

D.Exceptionaleducationisareflectionofsociety.

问题3选项

A.Courtshaveconfirmedtherightforexceptionalchildrentoreceiveeducation.

B.Governmentshavemadepoliciestoprotectexceptionaleducation.

C.Schoolsareforcedbycourtstotakeactionstooffereducationforexceptionalchildren.

D.Schoolshaveappropriatedprogramsandinstructiontosatisfytheneedofexceptionalchildren.

问题4选项

A.stunningly

B.generally

C.adequately

D.fundamentally

问题5选项

A.Thenecessityofadaptingeducationtoexceptionalchildren.

B.Thespecialtyofexceptionalchildren.

C.Theintroductionofeducationprograms.

D.Theresponsibilitiesofgovernmentforthoseexceptionalchildren.

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:B

第3题:B

第4题:C

第5题:A

【解析】第1题:推理判断题。通过列举了舞台的例子，作者强调了配角和剧中布景的重要性，结合下文Boththefamilyandthesocietyinwhichexceptionalchildrenliveareoftenthekeytotheirgrowthanddevelopment（特殊儿童所生活的家庭和社会往往是他们成长和发展的关键）可知，对特殊儿童而言，家庭和社会环境也是很重要的，因此D选项“说明环境的重要性，如家庭和社会”正确。

第2题:推理判断题。由第三段第三句Thegreatinterestinexceptionalchildrenshowninpubliceducationoverthepastthreedecadesindicatesthestrongfeelinginoursocietythatallcitizens,whatevertheirspecialconditions,deservetheopportunitytofullydeveloptheircapabilities（在过去的30年中，公共教育对特殊儿童的极大兴趣表明了我们社会中的一种强烈想法，那就是所有的公民，无论其情况有多特殊，都应享有充分发展其能力的机会）可推断出B选项“特殊儿童也应该开发他们的潜能的信念”符合题意。

第3题:事实细节题。需注意题干中的NOT，因此要找出文中没有提及的措施。由第四段第五句Recentcourtdecisionshaveconfirmedtherightofallchildren—disabledornot—toanappropriateeducation,andhaveorderedthatpublicschoolstakethenecessarystepstoprovidethateducation（最近的法院判决确认了所有儿童，无论残疾与否，都有接受适当教育的权利，并命令公立学校采取必要措施提供这种教育）可排除A选项和C选项；由本文最后一句Inresponse,schoolsaremodifyingtheirprogram,adaptinginstructiontochildrenwhoareexceptional,tothosewhocannotprofitsubstantiallyfromregularprograms（作为回应，学校正在调整课程，使教学能够适应特殊儿童，那些不能从常规课程中真正获益的儿童的需要）可排除D选项，因此B选项为正确答案。

第4题:语义推测题。根据上下文可知，学校正在调整课程，以适应特殊儿童的需要，因此可以推断出，常规课程是不足以应对特殊儿童的，substantially应为“足够的”，C选项符合题意。

第5题:主旨大意题。解题关键句通常在第一段或最后一段，由第一段第二句Forthesechildrentodeveloptotheirfulladultpotential,theireducationmustbeadaptedtothosedifferences（为了让这些孩子充分发展他们成年后的潜能，他们的教育必须适应这些差异）可知A选项“使教育适应残疾儿童的必要性”为正确答案。

4.单选题

Perhapsmostimportant,thereportcould_______morelight,thoughitdoesgivesome,onhowchildwelfareischangingovertime.

问题1选项

A.glance

B.reckon

C.cast

D.resort

【答案】C

【解析】glance扫视,匆匆一看;reckon估计,猜想;cast投,拋,计算;resort求助。castlighton使明白,使真相大白。句意：也许最重要的是,虽然报告中涉及了一些,但报告应该让我们明白,随着时间的推移儿童福利正在发生怎样的变化。选项C符合句意。

5.单选题

Itisoftendifficultto（

）betweenamereexaggerationandadeliberatelylying.

问题1选项

A.disguise

B.cultivate

C.originate

D.discriminate

【答案】D

【解析】动词辨析题。A选项disguise“掩饰，隐瞒”；B选项cultivate“培养”；C选项originate“引起，创作”；D选项discriminate“区别，辨别”。

句意：人们常常很难区分纯粹夸张和故意撒谎。选项D符合语境。

6.单选题

Whenthefirealarmrang,we（

）outsidetheemergencyexit.

问题1选项

A.resembled

B.dissembled

C.assembled

D.scrambled

【答案】C

【解析】句意:当火警响起时，我们在紧急出口外集合。

考查动词辨析。Resemble看起来像,显得像,像;dissemble掩盖,掩饰(真实感情或意图);assemble聚集,集合,收集;scramble(迅速而吃力地)爬,攀登,抢,抢占。故C符合句意。

7.单选题

OnJan.17,1995,Kobewashitbya6.9-magnitudequake.TheGreatHanshinEarthquakekilled6,400people.Damagewasestimatedatmorethan$100billion,similartocurrentestimatesofthetolloflastweek’s9.0-magnitudetemblorintheTohokuregionofnorthernJapan.Yet,within18months,economicactivityinKobehadreached98percentofitspre-quakelevel.Astate-of-the-artoffshoreportfacilitywasbuilt,housingwasmodernized—andascruffyportcitybecameaninternationalshowpiece.

TheMarch11earthquakeandtsunamidevastatedasocietythat,forallitswealth,wasstuckinarut.Overthepasttwodecades,Japan’seconomicgrowthaveragedananemic1percentayear.Politically,thecountrywasrudderless.TheLiberalDemocraticParty,whichhadgovernedalmostcontinuouslysincetheendoftheU.S.militaryoccupationfollowingtheWorldWarII,hadfinallywornoutitswelcome.AndthenoviceDemocraticPartyofJapan,whichhadassumedpowerin2009,wasflailing.

Forfourdecadesafterthewar,Japanexperiencedcozypoliticsbackedbyarobusteconomy.Lightlypopulatedruraldistricthadadisproportionateeffectonnationalpolitics.Thegovernmentfinancedmultibillion-dollarbridgestonowhere,expensiveportfacilitiesforsmallfishingvillageandbullettrainstotraversebucolicruralareas—andseeminglylinedeveryriverbedinJapaninconcrete.

Butin1900,thebubbleburst.Theworking-ageshareofthepopulationbegantofall.In1998,thelaborforcestartedtoshrink,andadecadelater,thecountry’spopulationbegantodecline.Eventually,votersconcernedaboutthemountingcostsofwastefulprojectstossedouttheLDP.

BeforetheearthquakeandtsunamidevastatedtheTohokuregiononMarch11,thecountrywasalreadyfacingaslowingeconomy,fiscalstrainanddeflation,anddecadesofwastefulspendinghadsaddledthecountrywithadebtmorethantwicethesizeoftheeconomy.Now,beyondthetragedy’shumantoll,theeconomiccostsarestillbeingcounted—andcouldbevastlyexpandedifthenuclearreactordamageisclosertothatofChernobylthantoThreeMileIsland.Butifrebuildingishandledskillfully,thereishopethatadifferentkindofJapanwillemerge.

Despiteitsweakstartingpoint,thegovernmentholdsafewcards.Ninety-fivepercentofJapan’sdebtisownedbyitscitizens,noforeignhedgefunds;it’sunlikelythatthosecitizenswoulddumptheirbondholdingsifthegovernmenttakesonmoredebttorebuildthecityofSendai,forexample.Financially,thegovernmenthasmoremaneuveringroomthanmightseemapparent.

Somerebuildingcanbefinancedbyredirectingspendingfromuselesswhite-elephantprojectstothehigherpriorityofremakingTohoku.Thequalityofpublicinvestmentinthenationcouldimprove,perhapspermanently,asaresultofthiscrisis.

Whatisreallyatstake—andwhatwilldeterminewhethertheseotherchangeshaveanychanceofcomingtopass—isthestructureofJapanpolitics.IftheincumbentDPJsuccessfullymanagesthisemergency,theepisodecouldreassureJapanesevotersthatthisfledglingpartyrepresentsacrediblealternativetotheLDP.Japanwouldthenhaveatruetwo-partysysteminwhichpoliticalpowerandideasaregenuinelycontested.TheGreatTohokuEarthquakecouldbetheshockthatpushesJapannotonlytorebuildacity,buttoremakeitselfpoliticallyforthe21stcentury.

21.Theauthorwrotethefirstparagraphinanattemptto________.

22.Accordingtothetext,theauthorsuggeststhatDemocraticPartyofJapan________.

23.ExcepttheMarch11earthquakeandtsunami,thehindrancesthatJapan’seconomicgrowthconfrontsEXCLUDE________.

24.Onwhichofthefollowingstatementwouldtheauthormostprobablyagree?

25.Whichofthefollowingisthemostpropertitleofthetext?

问题1选项

A.exemplifyhowseveretheconsequencesoftheGreatHanshinEarthquakeare

B.indicatethattheMarch11disastercouldbringoutanewJapanlikeGreatHanshinEarthquakedid

C.makeananalogybetweentheGreatHanshinEarthquakeandtheGreatTohokuEarthquake

D.statethepost-quakereconstructionisdisproportionatetothedamagecausedbythequake

问题2选项

A.hasbeentherulingpartyforapproximately50-oddyears

B.isfailinginleadingtheJapanoutofthedifficulties

C.isanewlyemergentpartinJapan’spoliticalcommunity

D.hassuccessfullymanagedthisemergency

问题3选项

A.deflation

B.theaginglaborforce

C.massivedebts

D.fiscaldeficit

问题4选项

A.CriticismismixedwithoptimismforJapan’seconomicandpoliticallandscape.

B.Theburstingbubbleofeconomyresultsinthedecreasingworking-agepopulation.

C.Japan’spartysystemhasbeenaone-partyonesinceWorldWarIItillDPJ’soffice.

D.ThemeritsJapancanderivefromthequakeoverwhelmtherisksandconsequencesofit.

问题5选项

A.WilltheCrisisCreateaNewJapan?

B.TheHistoryofGreatEarthquakesinJapan.

C.HowJapaneseGovernmentWillCopeWiththe311Emergency.

D.VirtuesandVicesofMarch11EarthquakeandTsunami.

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:B

第3题:D

第4题:A

第5题:A

【解析】21.推理判断题。根据第一段第三句Damagewasestimatedatmorethan$100billion,similartocurrentestimatesofthetolloflastweek’s9.0-magnitudetemblorintheTohokuregionofnorthernJapan.（地震造成的损失估计超过1,000亿美元，与上周日本北部东北地区9.0级地震造成的损失类似。），作者分别列出两个地震的损失情况，所以C选项“将阪神大地震与东北大地震进行类比”正确。A选项“举例说明阪神大地震的后果有多严重”和D选项“说明震后重建与地震造成的损失不成比例”：作者只是陈述了事实，没有这样的意思，故错误。B选项“表明3月11日的灾难可能带来一个像阪神大地震那样的新日本”：作者没有要预示的意图，故错误。因此C选项正确。

22.事实细节题。根据第二段最后一句AndthenoviceDemocraticPartyofJapan,whichhadassumedpowerin2009,wasflailing.（2009年刚上台的日本民主党也陷入了困境。），可知民主党没有解决掉问题，所以B选项“没有成功领导日本走出困难”正确，D选项“成功地处理了这一紧急情况”和A选项“已经执政了大约50多年”错误。C选项“是日本政治共同体中一个新兴的部分”：文章没有提到，故错误。因此B选项正确。

23.推理判断题。根据第四段第二句Theworking-ageshareofthepopulationbegantofall.（劳动年龄人口的比例开始下降。），第五段第一句thecountrywasalreadyfacingaslowingeconomy,fiscalstrainanddeflation,anddecadesofwastefulspendinghadsaddledthecountrywithadebtmorethantwicethesizeoftheeconomy.（日本已经面临着经济放缓、财政紧张和通货紧缩的问题，数十年的浪费开支使日本背负了超过经济规模两倍的债务。），可知日本经济增长的障碍包括了A选项“通货紧缩”，B选项“劳动力老龄化”和C选项“巨额债务”，符合文章意思，故错误，D选项“财政赤字”没有提到，不符合文章意思，因此D选项正确。

24.观点态度题。根据最后一段第一句Whatisreallyatstake—andwhatwilldeterminewhethertheseotherchangeshaveanychanceofcomingtopass—isthestructureofJapanpolitics.（真正利害攸关的是日本的政治结构，这将决定这些其他变化是否有机会实现。）和最后一句TheGreatTohokuEarthquakecouldbetheshockthatpushesJapannotonlytorebuildacity,buttoremakeitselfpoliticallyforthe21stcentury.（日本东北大地震可能不仅会促使日本重建一座城市，还会促使日本在21世纪重塑自己的政治形象），可知作者对于日本的前景处于中立态度，所以A选项“对于日本的经济和政治前景，既有批评也有乐观”正确。B选项“经济泡沫的破裂导致了劳动年龄人口的减少”：根据第四段第一、二句Butin1900,thebubbleburst.Theworking-ageshareofthepopulationbegantofall.（但在1900年，泡沫破裂了。劳动人口的比例开始下降。），这里没有提到经济泡沫破裂和劳动人口减少的直接关系，故错误。C选项“日本的政党制度自二战以来一直是一党执政，直到民主党上台”：根据第二段倒数第二句TheLiberalDemocraticParty,whichhadgovernedalmostcontinuouslysincetheendoftheU.S.militaryoccupationfollowingtheWorldWarII（自二战后美国军事占领结束以来，自民党几乎一直持续执政），自民党几乎一直持续执政不代表一直执政，故错误。D选项“日本可以从地震中获得的优点压倒了它的风险和后果”：根据第五段最后一句Butifrebuildingishandledskillfully,thereishopethatadifferentkindofJapanwillemerge.（但如果重建工作处理得当，一个不同类型的日本将有望出现。），文章没有提到地震带来的好处比损失大，只有处理得当，益处才会呈现，故错误。因此A选项正确。

25.主旨大意题。文章第一段指出神户因为地震而现代化，后面提到日本的各种问题，再在文章最后展望日本在政治经济方面可能的情况，所以A选项“危机会创造一个新日本吗”正确。B选项“日本大地震的历史”，C选项“日本政府将如何应对311紧急事件”和D选项“3月11日地震和海啸的利弊”是文章的部分内容，不足以概括全文，故错误。因此A选项正确。

8.单选题

Thenewsabouttheterriblefloodtheregreatlydiscouraged（）thereforasight-seeing.

问题1选项

A.usfromgoing

B.ustogo

C.ourgoing

D.ourtogo

【答案】A

【解析】句意:关于那个地方的可怕洪水的新闻报道，使我们不想去那蓝观光了。

考查固定搭配。discouragesb.fromdoingsth.阻止某人做某事。

9.单选题

Themanagergaveoneofthesalesgirlsanaccusinglookforher（）attitudetowardcustomers.

问题1选项

A.straightforward

B.partial

C.favorable

D.hostile

【答案】D

【解析】形容词词义辨析。straightforward坦率的，明确的；partial偏爱的；favorable喜爱的；hostile敌对的，不友善的。句意：因为女销售员对顾客的态度不友善，经理投去了责备的目光。选项D符合句意。

10.单选题

OneoftheresponsibilitiesoftheCoastGuardistomakesurethatallships________followtrafficrulesinbusyharbors.

问题1选项

A.cautiously

B.dutifully

C.faithfully

D.skillfully

【答案】C

【解析】考查副词辨析。A选项“谨慎地”；B选项“忠贞地，尽责地”；C选项“忠实地，如实地”；D选项“巧妙地，熟练地”。句意：海岸警卫队的职责之一是确保所有船只在繁忙的港口（）遵守交通规则。根据关键词trafficrule，我们一般是如实地遵守，而不是说谨慎地、有技巧地遵守，所以C选项最正确。

11.单选题

Themillionsofcalculationsinvolved,（

）byhand,wouldhavelostallpracticalvaluebythetimetheywerefinished.

问题1选项

A.hadtheybeendone

B.theyhadbeendone

C.havingbeendone

D.theyweredone

【答案】A

【解析】句意:如果用手进行数百万次的计算，到结束时就已经失去了意义。

语法题。考查倒装。由句意以及wouldhavelost…推断此句应采用If引导的非真实条件句表示虚拟,而且表示与过去事实相反的假设。因此应该是iftheyhadbeendonebyhand,当省略if后需采用倒装结构，即Hadtheybeendonebyhand。

12.单选题

WiththeUSeconomyslowingdown,layoffsareeverywhere.Noindustryisspared.Ifyouenduphavingtostartover,inadditiontostartingyourjobsearch,thereareseveralthingsyoushouldtakecareoftomakeyourtransitionasmoothone.

Firstandforemost,clearupanymisunderstandingabouthowandwhyyouleftyourlastjobwithyourex-boss.Whetheryouleftvoluntarily,werefiredorwerelaidoffduetobudgetcutbacks,makesureyoubothhavethesameexplanation.Agreeonjobtitlesaccordingly.Alsoaskforareferenceifyouthinkyourex-bosswillofferoneandyoutrustthatheorshewillspeakhonestlyaboutyourperformance.

Youshouldhaveasourceofemergencycashthatyoucanuseintheinterim.Don'tpanicandliquidateyourstocksandbondsjustyet,beoptimisticinyourprospectswhilealsobemorefrugalthanusual.Youshouldsavemoneyonnothavingtodrycleanworkclothessooftenandeatinglesstake-outlunches.Savemoneybynoteatingoutatrestaurantsandwatchvideosratherthangoingtothemovieseveryweekend.Markanoteofyourjob-huntingexpenses,suchascareercounselor'consultingfeesandresumeprintingcosts,andsavethereceipts.Bynextyear'stax-filingtime,youcouldgetdeductionsonyourjob-searchexpense(unlessyouleftajobwillinglyorwasacollegegraduatelookingforyourfirstjob).

Mostcompaniesterminateyourmedicalinsurancecoverageassoonasyoustopworkingforthem.Butitdoesn'tmeanyouhavetoforgomedicalcoveragealtogether.ThereissomethingcalledConsolidatedOmnibusBudgetReconciliationAct(COBRA)intheUnitedStatesthatlegallyprotectsanex-employee'srighttostayinthecompany'shealthcareplan.However,thecompanywillstoppayingyourpremiums,andyouwillhavetopayoutofyourpockettheexpenses.Thisisstillagoodoptioncomparedtonohealthinsuranceatall.

Anotherimportantthingtotakecareofwhenyouchangejobsisyour401(k)account.A401(k)istheretirementfundthatmostcompaniesoffer.It'snamedaftersection401(k)intheInternalRevenueService'spolicydocuments.Youputasideapercentageofyourpaycheckeachpayperiod,andthemoneyaccumulatedwillbemanagedbythe401(k)fundmanageryouremployerhashiredandisinvestedinthestockmarket.Youcannotwithdrawmoneyfromthisaccountuntilyoureachthisage,oryouwillincurpenalties.Whenyouleaveajob,themoneycansometimesbekeptwithyourex-employerforawhile.It'salwaysagoodideatocompareyournewemployer's401(k)planwithyouroldone.Everycompanyoffersdifferenttypesofinvestmentoptions,formoverseasstockstohigh-techstocksandeverythinginbetween.Ifyoudon'twanttotransfertheaccounttoyournewemployer,youneedtogotothehumanresourcesdepartmentandaskforformsthathelpyoumakethetransition.

Don'tforgettoaskforjobleadsfromyourex-coworker.Evenifyouareleavingforajobinanotherindustry,youneverknowwhatpeopletheyhappentoknowthatcanhelpwithyourjobsearch.Keepintouchwiththefriendsyouhavemakeatyouroldjob.Remembertoanchoryourselftopeople,notinstitutions,andyouwillfindthatanytransitionismadeeasier.

1.Accordingtoparagraph1,intheUnitedStates,（）.

2.Theword“interim”mostprobablymeans（）.

3.What'sthepointofsavingthereceiptsofjob-searchingexpense?

4.COBRAensuresanex-employeestayinthehealthcareplan（）.

5.Whichstatementistrueaccordingtothispassage?

问题1选项

A.mostindustriesstayunaffectedbyglobaleconomicrecession

B.eachandeverycompanysparesnoefforttosurvivethefiercecompetition

C.“compulsoryredundancy”isgoingonineveryindustry

D.employeesarelaidoffbecausetheyarenotqualifiedfortheirjobs.

问题2选项

A.interval

B.hardtime

C.transitionalperiod

D.emergency

问题3选项

A.Togetreductionsattax-filingtime

B.Tokeeparecordofone'sjob-huntingexperience.

C.Tobeawareofone'sexpenditureandbefrugal.

D.Becauseone'sex-bosswillreimbursethejob-searchingexpense.

问题4选项

A.aslongastheex-employercontinuestopaythepremium

B.aslongastheex-employeecontinuestopaythepremium

C.aslongastheex-employeefindsanewjob

D.aslongastheex-employeeiscalledbacktothecompany

问题5选项

A.401(k)accountcanbeterminatedbytheemployersanytimetheywant.

B.401(k)accountcanbewithdrawnbytheunemployedstaffbeforetheirretirement.

C.401(k)fundisinvestedininternationalstockmarketonly.

D.401(k)accountcanbetransferredfromone'sex-employertoone'snewemployer.

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:C

第3题:A

第4题:B

第5题:D

【解析】1.根据第一段的第一句“WiththeUSeconomyslowingdown,layoffsareeverywhere.Noindustryisspared.”随着美国经济下跌,裁员到处可见,没有行业能够幸免。选项C符合原文。

2.根据上下文可推测,这是处于失业阶段,所以应该是处于过渡期。句意：你应该有个应急的现金资源以备在过渡期使用。选项C与之意思相近,所以正确。

3.根据第三段最后一句“Bynextyear'stax-filingtime,youcouldgetdeductionsonyourjob-searchexpense.”到明年报税的时候,你就可以从你的求职费用中扣除。选项A符合原文。

4.根据第四段倒数二三句,美国有一项名为“综合预算协调法案”的法律,保护前雇员享受公司医保计划的权利。然而,公司将停止支付你的保费,你将不得不自掏腰包支付费用。选项B正确。

5.根据倒数第二段的最后一句,如果你不想把这个账户转到你的新雇主那里,你需要去人力资源部索取一些表格来帮助你完成这个过渡。由此可以推断,401(k)帐户可由前雇主转至新雇主。选项D符合原文。

13.单选题

Asordid,sentimentalplotunwinds,withaninevitable（）ending.

问题1选项

A.mawkish

B.fateful

C.beloved

D.perfunctory

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。mawkish“令人厌恶的，自作多情的”；fateful“重大的，决定命运的，致命的”；beloved“深爱的（人），钟爱的（人）”；perfunctory“敷衍的；马虎的”。句意：一个污秽而伤感的故事情节展开后，必然会有一个令人厌恶的结局。选项A符合题意。

14.单选题

Whenworkersareorganizedintradeunions,employersfindithardtolaythem________.

问题1选项

A.off

B.aside

C.out

D.down

【答案】A

【解析】考查关于lay的词组。A选项layoff“解雇”；B选项layaside“搁置，留存”；C选项layout“展示，安排，花钱”；D选项laydown“制定，放下”。句意：当工人们组成工会后，雇佣者会发现很难把他们（）。这道题考查关于lay的词组。雇佣者和工人之间的关系显然是雇佣关系，所以选项A更加符合句意。

15.单选题

You’llhavetochangeyour（

）oflifenowthatyouhavegotababy.

问题1选项

A.form

B.mold

C.mood

D.mode

【答案】D

【解析】考查名词辨析。form意为“形状，形式”；mold意为“模型，压模”；mood意为“心情”；mode意为“方式，风格，样式”。由changeyour____oflife（改变你的生活____）可知D选项最符合逻辑，modeoflife表示“生活方式”。

句意：既然你有了孩子，你就必须改变你的生活方式。

16.单选题

Itisknowntoallthatchildreninthisregionhavestrong（）toswimminginsummer

becauseofthehotweather.

问题1选项

A.inclination

B.exposure

C.flux

D.correlation

【答案】A

【解析】名词词义辨析。inclination倾向；exposure暴露；flux涨潮；熔化；correlation相互关

系，相关性。句意:由于夏天天热，这个地区的孩子对于游泳都有强烈的。选项A符合句意。

17.单选题

3.

问题1选项

A.He’llgotoseeMr.Whiteat10:30.

B.He’dliketomakeanearlierappointment.

C.He’dliketocanceltheappointment.

D.He’dliketoseeanotherdentist.

【答案】B

【解析】M:Mytoothisbotheringme.WhencanIseeDr.White?

W:Howabouttomorrow?10:30OK?

M:Isn’tthereanythingearlier?

W:No.ButIwillcallyouifthereisacancellationbeforethen.

Q:Whatdoesthemanmean?

【解析】男士说：Isn’tthereanythingearlier?(有没有办法早点儿？)，由此可知他想早些看医生。

18.单选题

______isoftenthecasewithanewidea,muchpreliminaryactivityandoptimisticdiscussionproducednoconcreteproposals.

问题1选项

A.That

B.It

C.This

D.As

【答案】D

【解析】考查关系代词的用法。as在做关系代词时，表示“正如……一样”。句意：正如新想法经常出现的情况一样，许多初步活动和乐观的讨论都不会产生具体的建议。因此D选项符合题意。

19.单选题

Depressed,overworkedand______bythosepeoplewhomheowedmoneyto,hedecidedtoputanendtohisproblems.

问题1选项

A.bewitched

B.bewildered

C.besmirched

D.beset

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项bewitched“（使）鬼迷心窍；（使）着迷，陶醉”；B选项bewildered“使迷惑，使不知所措”；C选项besmirched“弄脏；诽谤，玷污”；D选项beset“困扰；镶嵌；围绕”。句意：他情绪低落，工作过度，被那些欠他钱的人所困扰，他决定做个了结。因此D选项正确。

20.单选题

Theeconomygrewatitsfastestratesince1980thankstoa(n)（

）in