高考英语句型专题：动词句型分类总结讲义

动词句型概说13.1.1英语的基本句型1）语言是千变万化的，要掌握语言，必须掌握语言的核心。动词句型可说是语言的核心，是骨干。纲举则目张。因此要对应于有比较全面的了解，应当抓住英语动词句型（EnglishVerbPatterns）.掌握好这些基本句型，就可为灵活运用语言打下基础。2）英语头五种基本句型：（1）主语+不及物动词Everybodysmiled.(2)主语+及物动词+宾语：Heknowseverything.(3)主语+双宾动词+间接宾语+直接宾语：Ishowedhimmypassport.(4)主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补语：Whatmadeyouangry?13.1.2动词、动词短语和成语动词1）担任谓语的可以是一个单一的动词：Whoknows?2)也可以是一个动词短语（VerbalPhrase）:Ihavebeenreading(anovel).3)也可以是成语动词（PhrasalVerb）:Jane’slookingafterthechildren.因此谈到动词时就有这三种可能。13.1.3每个形式都可有多种表示法句子的成分常有多种表示法，例如宾语就可以有多种形式：名词或代词：Loveme,lovemydog.2)数词：Iwanttwo.3)动名词：Sheloveswindow-shopping.4)不定式：Ihopetoseeyouagain.5)复合结构：Iwishyouhappy.6)从句：Isupposeyou’reright.7)连词+不定式：I’llshowyouhowtodoit.其他成分如表语、宾语的补语也有多种形式，因此实际动词句型不知五个，而是四十多个。13.1.4修饰语1）许多名词和代词常有不少修饰语，成为定语。可担任定语的有：a.数词：Fivepeoplewereinjured.b.代词：Hemustmarryher,thereisnootheralternative.c.形容词（包括合成形容词）：Yournephewisanicelittleboy.d.名词会名词所有格：Hemajorsincomputerscience.e.介词短语：Myloveforyouisdeeperthanthesea.f.不定式：Thereisnoneedtoworryatall.g.分词和动名词：Whataretheissuesfactingtheworkstoday?h.副词：Isthereanythingonaftersupper？从句：I’lldoallIcantohelpyou.2)动词也有修饰语。成为状语，也可以有许多成分担任：a.副词：Yoursisterdancesbeautifully.b.介词短语：Amotherlovesababyfromthebottomofherheart.c.不定式：I,msorrytobotheryouwithallthis.d.单词：Romeo,believingthatJulietwasdead,decidedtokillhimself.e.形容词：Shegavehimtheovercoat,anxioustobeofservice.f.词组：Hethoughtaboutitdayandnight.g.复合结构：Theweatherbeingsonice,wedidn’twanttostayindoors.h.从句：I’llfindherwherevershemaybe.i.名词：Sheisfeelingmilesbettertoday.正因为有这些修饰语，阴雨就变得丰富多彩。如果说动词句型是躯干，修饰语就是枝叶，基本句型是骨架，各类修饰语是血肉。这两者是相辅相成的，片面强调一方面对语言学习是不利的，在初学阶段掌握基本句型至关重要，脑中有一个全图，有明确的结构概念，添枝加叶就不难了。按这样的规律安排句子，句子就可以比较平稳的站起来，然后在充实血肉，就相对比较容易了。13.2第一类句型----主语+不及物动词13.2.1主语+不及物动词（1）Thesunisrising.Wewaitedandwaited.Theblinddonotsee.MayIgo?I’lltry.13.2.2主语+不及物动词+状语（2）Didyousleepwell?Sheisstudyinghardattheuniversity.Sheswimslikeafish.Themanthenwalkedoff.Herlecturelastedanhour.13.2.3主语+不及物动词+副词（构成成语动词）（3）TheeconomiccrisisbrokeoutfirstintheUnitedState.Howdidtheaccidentcomeabout?Theconcertcameoffwell.Thebabyiscomingonwell.Theschemefellthrough.13.2.4主语+不及物动词（有被动意思）Thedoorblewopen.Cheesecutseasily.Shephotographswell.Silkstainseasily.Hereyesfilledwithtears.Thevegetablesarecooking.13.3第二类句型-----主语+及物动词+宾语13.3.1主语+及物动词+名词（代词）（5）1）“主+谓+宾”可能是英语中最常见的句型，在多数情况下宾语有名词或代词表示：Doyouknowthesepeople?Helovedpoem.Haveyouorderedyourmeal?Silencemeansconsent.Theyfoundacureforcancer.2)有些动词和名词构成一种习惯用语（I地欧盟），有特别的意思：Don’tcatchcold.Thistheorydoesn’tholdwater.Makehaste,orweshallbelate.She’salwaysmakingafuss.Healwaystakespainswithhiswork.13.3.2主语+及物动词+自身代词(6)1)大量动词可以用自身代词作宾语：Ican’texpressmyselfinEnglish.Hereproachedhimselfforhisrudeness.Heoftencontradicts.Icansupportmyself.Don’tdeceiveyourself.有些成语动词后也可跟自身代词：Lookafteryourself.2)“动词+自身代词”可构成固定词组：Don’toverworkyourself.Helpyourselftoabeer.Don’tstrainyourselftalking,dear.3)有些动词后可跟自身代词，也可以不跟：Goandwashyourself,Tom.Imustwashbeforedinner.13.3.3主语+动词+同源宾语（7）有些动词为不及物动词，都可用一个与同源的名词构成宾语，这种宾语称为同源宾语（CognateObject）:Alicelaughedascornfullaugh.Sheclosedhereyesandwishedawish.Hesaidhissayandthensatdown.13.3.4主语+成语动词+宾语成语动词大体上有下面六类;及物动词+副词（8）：Hehandedinhisresignationthismorning.Crossoutthosetwosentences.Overworkbroughtoninsomnia.副词有时可放到宾语后面去：I’mnotputtingmymeaningacrossverywell.I’llthinkitover.这类句子也可用于被动结构：Themeetinghasbeenputoff.Anothersupermarkethasbeenputupnearourhouse.Aguerillawarfarewascarriedonsuccessfullythere.2)不及物动词+介词（9）：Wemustabidebytherulesofthegame.Theywillnotagreetothatagreement.Idon’tobjecttotheidea.Hethoughtofhisboyhood.个别这种动词也可用于被动结构：Theboywaslookedafterbyherlittlesister.不及物动词+介词+名词（10）：Thusthefirstworkers’leaguecameintobeing.Thetreatywillcomeintoforcenextmonth.Don’tstandonceremony.Don’tfallintobadhabits.在这类结构中虽然介词后有宾语，但整个成语却接近于一个不及物动词，后面没有句子宾语，为了方便列在这里，放在13.2.3节后也可以。4）不及物动词+副词+介词（11）：Weshouldn’tlookdownonthiswork.Wemustfaceuptoourdifficulties.Hedoesn’tfeeluptothejob.5)及物动词+名词+介词（12）：Payattentiontoyourgrammar.I’lltakecareofit.We’vetouchwithhim.Shealwaystakesparticularnoticeofme.HemadenoreferencetoPeter.这类成语动词也用语被动结构：Preparationarebeingmadeforthesportsmeet.Noreferencewasmadebyanyonetothepast.6)及物动词+自身代词+介词（13）：Finallyheavengedhimselfontheenemy.Sheabandonedherselftodespair.Hedevotedhimselftohelpingthepoor.Theynolongertroubledthemselvesabouthim.Youmustreconcileyourselftoalifeofhardshipandpoverty.13.3.5主语+及物动词+不定式（作宾语）1）有大量及物动词可以跟不定式作宾语（14）：Someoneisaskingtoseeyou.Ican’tbeartoseeyoulikethis.Shehatedtolosehertemper.Youmusttrytoimprove.关于这种结构可参阅12.1.4节。2）有些动词后可用连接副词（代词）和不定式一道构成宾语：（15）Youmustlearnwhentogiveadviceandwhentobesilent.Askhimwheretogo.Heforgetwhichwaytogo.13.3.6主语+及物动词+动名词（作宾语）（16）Wouldyoumindwaitingafewminutes?Ipreferstanding.Shecouldnothelpfeelingdepressed.13.3.7主语+及物动词+that引导的从句（作宾语）（17）1）有大量动词可以跟that引导的从句作宾语（that有时可以省略）：Iguesswe’llleavenow.IhopethatIhavesaidnothingtopainyou.Sheneverdoubtedthatshewasright.Heclaimedthathesawtheaccident.关于那些动词后可跟这种成分作宾语，可参阅第18.2.1节。2）在某些动词后，从句中谓语（在美国）用动词原型，在英国多用“should+动词原形”构成谓语（用动词原形的人也不少）：SheinsistedthatI(should)present.Theydemandedthattherighttovote(should)begiventoeveryasult.ThesituationrequiresthatI(should)bethere.Iorder(commanded)thatwe(should)attackatonce.注：有时可用先行词it作形式上的宾语，而把宾语移到句子后部去：Itakeityouhavebeenout.IhaveitonmyconsciencethatIoffendedyou.13.3.8主语+及物动词+连接副（代）词引导的宾语从句：1）有不少动词后面可跟连接副（代）词引导的宾语从句：Ididn’tknowwheretheyhadgone.Idon’tcarewhattheysay.Hejustsaidhowhelookedatit.Canyoutellwhichiswhich?2有些动词后可以跟由连词whether或if引导的从句：Iwonderwhether(if)youcouldgivemesomeadvice.I’llseewhetherIcanfindtimetodoit.I’llfindoutifshe’sinterestedingoing.有些宾语从句由关系代词型的what及whatever这类词引导（19）I’lltellyouwhatIhear.I’lldowhatIcan.Whateverhedoes,hedoeswell.13.4第三类句型------主语+双宾动词+间接宾语+直接宾语13.4.1主语+双宾动词+名词或代词+名词（20）这类句型主要有三种：某些动词引导的间接宾语可改为to引导的短语：Shegavemehertelephonenumber.Pleasethrowmethekey.Theyneverdeniedusassistance.I’llphoneherthenews.2)某些动词引起间接宾语可改为由for引导的短语：I’llmakeyousomefreshtea.Pleasechoosemeagoodone.Thatwillsaveusalotoftrouble.3)有些动词后的间接宾语不能改为to或for引导的短语：Sheflunghimascornfullook(ascornfullookathim).Shekissedhermothergoodbye.Imeanyounoharm.Theyforgavehimhiscrimes.13.4.2主语+双宾动词+名词或代词+从句1）这类句子中的从句多数由that引导（that有时省略）（21）：TellhimI’mout.IpromiseyouI’llneverconcealanythinganymore.Ihavewarnedhimthatitisnotallowed.2)也有些从句由连接副词（代词）或连词whether（if）引导（22）：Ican’ttellyouhowpleasedIamtobeheretonight.Writemehowyougotthough.Pleaseadvisemewhether(if)Ioughttogowiththem.3)有时从句也可以由关系代词型的what或whatever引导（23）：Showmewhatyoubought.I’lltellyouwhatIreadIreadintoday’spaper.13.5第四类句型——主语+系动词+表语13.5.1主语+系动词+形容词（24）这是最常见的句型之一，共有下面几种情况：1）有些系动词表示处于某种状态：“Howareyou?”“I’mfine.”“你好吗？”“我挺好。”Shefeltabitdizzy.You’renotlookingverywell.Thedishsmellsgood.Themedicinetastedawful.Thereportsoundstrue.Heseemedquitenormal.Sheappearedcalm.2）有些系动词表示状态的改变或证明如何：Graduallyhebecamesilent.Whenshesawthis,sheturnedred.Theweatherisgettingquitewarm.Theseaisgrowingcalm.Shewentpaleatthenews.Thingswillcomerightintheend.Whenhesawthis,hisbloodrancold.Hehasfallenill.Hisadviceprovedsound.3）有些系动词表示状态的继续：Sheremainedcomparativelycalm.Theystayedawaketoseetheeclipse.Jennie,alone,keptsilent.Histempercontinuedveryuncertain.Thislawholdsgood.4）有些系动词后面可跟现在分词（a）或过去分词（b）（其中很多已变成形容词）：a.Thisfoodlooksinviting.Thosechocolatessmelltempting.Sheremainedstandingforagoodhour.Sheseemedlackinginenthusiasm.b.Shealwaysseemspleased,happyandcontented.Hefelttroubledanddistressed.Shedidn’tlookconvinced.关于这种用法可参阅12.3.2节和12.4.2节。5）在个别不及物动词后也可跟一形容词做表语：Theprisonerbrokefree.Themorningdawnedbright.Manytalentedpeoplediedyoung.Istandpreparetodisputeit.Heplayeddead.这类表语接近于一个状语。13.5.2主语+系动词+名词（代词）（25）1）有许多系动词后面可跟名词（代词）作表语：Thatgirlismyfiancée.Hisdreamhasatlastbecomeareality.Wecanremainfriends.Heappearedafool.Hefallavictimtohercharms.2)有少数其他动词后面也可跟名词做表语：Hediedamartyrathispost.Istillstandyourfriend.Theypartedthebestoffriend.Don’tactthefool.3)有些名词可做表语，意思接近于形容词：Hewasallattention(sweetness).Shewasalltears(smiles).Heisskinandbones.Allthisisnouse.Iamnotfoolenoughtobelievethat.Whatnationalityisthisman?13.5.3主语+系动词+副词（26）1）动词be可跟许多副词做表语：IsHelenin?Ihavebeenoutforawalk.Shehadbeenawayforalongtrip.Whenwillyoubeback?2)还有少数其它系动词也可以这样用：Ifeeldowntoday.You’dbetterkeepawayfromthatchap.Idon’tfeelupwiththelongjourney13.5.4主语+系动词+介词短语（27）1）大部分介词都可引导短语做表语：Iwanttoconsultyou.It’saboutmyboy.Youknowwhatyouareafter.Iwasatalosswhattosay..Shewasbesideherselfwithjoy.Todothisisquitebeyondmypower.Whomisthatbookby?Shewasforabandoningtheproject.ThismusicisfromoneofMozart’soperas.Thesemobilephonesareingreatdemand.Ihadonlybeeninsidetheirhouseonce.Sheislikeanarcissustremblinginthewind.CorkStreetwasnearBondStreet.Hewasofanexcitabletemperature.Sheisoffsmoking.Heisoutofworkatpresent.Theworkerswereonstrike.Theyhadbeenthroughalotofhardships.HaveyoueverbeentoBeijing?Allthechildrenwereunderseven.Annawaswithchildagainnow.Thetaskisnotwithinmypowers.Hisfacewaswithoutexpression.2)一些其他系动词也可跟这种表语：Theyremainedinsadpoverty.Heseemedonthewatchtocontrolhimself.Keepoffthegrass.Helookedinsplendidhealth.Ithasgrownoutofdata.Theyrunoutofpetrol.IwishIcouldgetoutofdebt.3)这类结构后可能还跟另一个介词短语：Heisinchargeofthetradeunionwork.Heisincommandofthefirstdivision.Theseballadsareofspecialinteresttous.HisactionsarenotIkeepingwithhispromises.Wearealwaysonthelookoutfornewbusinessopportunities.Thestudentsareinfavourofreform.Thisbookmaybeofusetoyou.Wewerecompletelyatalossforananswer.Hewasonthepointofleavingwhenthephonerang.Wemustgetintouchwithher.Soonhefellinlovewithher.Heseemedoutoftouchwiththeoutsideworld.13.5.5主语+系动词+不定式（28）1)有时可用不定式作表语：Hisplanistokeeptheaffairsecret.Theiraimwastmodernizetheiragriculture.Yourjobistomakesurethattheworkisfinishedontime.Mydutyistogetyouaway,tosaveyou.Hispurposewastobecomeasurgeon.Theirgoalwastoeradicatemalaria.Themainobjectiveofthispolicyistoreduceunemployment.Myambitionistobecomeapilot.Myonlywishistodowhat’sbestforyou.Theproblemwastofindtherightplacequickly.Myadvicetoyouistospeakthetruth.Theonlythingnowistotakeataxi.2)不定式有时需用被动形式：Thesebooksaretobereadforpleasure.Surelyshewastobetrusted.Thishouseistobelet.13.5.6主语+系动词+动名词（29）1)系动词be后面有时可跟动名词作表语：Herhobbyiscollectingstamps.Hisoccupationwasteaching.Myjobisrepairingcars.Hermaininterestisplayingtennis.Myfavoritesportisswimming.Ourproblemisnothavingsufficientfund.Hisweaknessinnothavingenoughconfidenceinhimself.Theirfavouritepastimeisplayingchess.2)有时这样和表语都是动名词：Buyingsuchawhiteelephantissimplywastingmoney.Talkingtohimistalkingtoawall.Doingthatwouldbeplayingwithfire.13.5.7主语+系动词+从句1)最常见的这类表语时that引导的从句（that有时省略）（30）Theirfirstideawasthathehadhiddenit.Myopinionisthattheplanwon'twork.Hisviewisthatit’sbetternottoincreaseinvestments.Thefactis,Ineverlikedhim.Hisonlyfaultisthathelacksambition.ThereasonformylatenessisthatImissedmybus.Theonlytroubleistheplanwon'twork.WhatsurprisedmewasthathespokeEnglishsowell.2)有些作表语的从句由连接代词（副词）引导（31）：Thequestioniswhatyouwanttodo.Theproblemiswhocanbeputinchargeofthejob.WhatIwanttoknowishowwecansolvethefuelproblem.That’swherewediffer.That’showIlookatit.That’swhyIcameround.Thecoatiswhereyouleftit.Apriliswhenthelilacsbloom.3)从句有的关系代词型的what引导（32）：That’swhatIwishtodo.That’swhatI'mherefor.Poweriswhattheyareafter.Timesaren’twhattheywere.13.5.8主语+系动词+形容词+介词短语（33）1)这种结构时非常多的，“be+形容词+介词”已成为习惯用语，相当于一个及物动词：Shewasafraidof(=feared)snakes.Weareshortof(=lack)funds.Sheisfondofthiscountry.Iwasfrightenedofratsthen.Hewasveryconsciousofhisshortcomings.Shewasdelightedwiththeboat.Weareverypleasedwithournewhouse.IhavealwaysbeeninterestedinChinesehistory.I'mratherproudofthisplace.I'mtiredoflivingabroad.Iwassickoflyinginbed.Shewasdisappointedwithhim(attheoutcomeofthetalks).Wewereconfidentofhisability(inthefuture).Hewasworriedaboutyou.I'mignorantofmathematics(whathappened).He'swellqualifiedforthejob.I'mnotequaltotheposition.Idon’tbelieveheiscapableofwinningit.I'msurprised(amazed)athisattitude.Theseplansaresubjecttotheirapproval.2)一些其他系动词也可用于这类结构：Shelookedastonishedatthenews.I'vegot(become)usedtovegetariandiet(hardwork).Hefeelsconfidentofpassingtheexamination.I'vegrownaccustomedtotraveling.Theyseemdelightedwiththeresult.We’rerunningshortoffunds.Sheremainedignorantofwhathadhappened.Heprovedquiteequaltothetask.Yourexamresultsfellshortofourexpectations.13.5.9主语+系动词+形容词+不定式（34）I'mgladtohavetheopportunityoftalkingtoyou.Iwasverysorrytohearthatyouwereill.I'mhappytomeetyou.I'manxioustovisityourcountry.Shewaseagertoseeherpeople.Hewaskeentovisitchina.He'salwaysreadytohelppeople.We’reproudtobeChinesecitizens.They’reallwillingtohelp.I'minclinedtothinkshe'sright.Wearedeterminedtofollowhisexample.Theyarepreparedtomakeconcessions.Shewasafraidtotellyou.Hewasreluctanttogowiththem.Glassisliabletobreak.Heiscontenttoliveasimplelife.13.5.10主语+系动词+形容词+从句1)这类结构用that引导的从句时较多（that有时省略）（35）：I'mafraidthereissomesortofmisunderstanding.I'mawfullysorrythatthishasoccurred.I'mgladyouhavecome.I'msurehemeantwell.Iamcertain(positive)thathehadseenme.He'sconfidentthathewillpasstheexam.I'mconvincedthatheknewthetruth.Youmustbeawarethatwhatyouaredoingisillegal.Hewasdelightedthatweweresuccessfulinourexperiment.I'mdisappointedthatyoucannotcome.I'msurprised(astonished)hedidn’tcome.Hewasthankfulthatthejourneywasover.Theywerehopefulthattheywillwinthechampionship.Hesuddenlybecameconsciousthatsomeonewaslookingathim.Theteamfeelsproudthatithaswoneverymatchthisyear.I'mirritatedthatheissosrubborn.2)有时从句由连接代（副）词引导（36）：We’renotclearyetwhatthey'reupto.IwasnotsurewhatIoughttodo.He'sdoubtfulwhetherhecanaffordit.Shewasnotaware(of)howmuchherhusbandearned.Iamnotcertainwhoheis.I'mworried(about)howthemoneywasspent.Theywereuncertainwhethertheycouldfindtimetodoit.I'mundecidedwhethertogotoFranceorItalyformyholidays.13.6第五类句型——主语+及物动词+复合宾语13.6.1主语+及物动词+宾语+形容词（作补语）（37）1)这类句子很多，最常用的跟复合宾语的动词大致有下面这些（见红色部分）：Hefoundhisnewjobratherboring.Sitdownandmakeyourselfcomfortable.Hegothisclotheswet.Shepaintedthewallslightblue.Goodfoodkeepsyouhealthy.Ithoughthersoniceandsincere.Ifeltmyselfunworthyofthepraise.Doyouconsiderhimtrustworthy?Shedyedherhairbrown.Finallytheysethimfree.Theaccusedmandeclaredhimselfinnocent.Theydidn’tbelievesuchathingpossible.Ilikemyteaveryhot(strong).Shepushedthedooropen.Hebeatherblackandblue.Thenoisewasdrivinghimmad(crazy).Factshaveprovedtheseworriesgroundless.Iwishyouwell.Hecountedhimselffortunatetohavesuchanopportunity.Theymayholdyouresponsiblefortheconsequence.2)有时可用it作形式上的宾语，而把真正的宾语放后面去，构成复合宾语的可以是不定式(a)或是从句(b):Ifeltitnecessarytomakeeverythingclear.Theyjudgeditbettertoputthemeetingoff.Idon’tthinkitpossibletofinisheverythinginoneweek.Hefounditdifficulttosatisfytheirneeds.Shedeemeditunwisetoquitnow.GermanymadeitclearthatshewouldsupportOPEC.Ithinkitbestthatyoushouldstaywithus.Theykeptitquietthathewasdead.Ithinkitlikelythatwewillgetacertainamountofmoney.13.6.2主语+及物动词+宾语+名词（作补语）（38）1)这种结构也相当多：TheycalledtheirdaughterMary.TheynamedthecityLeningrad.Weelectedsmithourchairman.Allworkandnoplaymakesjackadullboy.Theyappointedhimchairmanofthecommittee.Thepresidentnominatedhimambassadortochina.Weallconsiderthebookamasterpiece.Thedoctorthoughtthatagoodsign.Theykepttheirmarriageasecret.Shelleycountedthisexperienceapartofhiseducation.TheychristenedtheshipthequeenMary.Thekingdubbedhimaknight.Weallvotedthetripagreatsuccess.Inowpronounceyoumanandwife.Thepeopleacclaimedhimking.Thejudgedeclaredthecontestatie.2)这类动词后也可用先行词it作形式上的宾语，而把真正的宾语放到句子的后部去：Hefeltithisdutytomentionthistoher.Hemadeitaruletogojoggingeverymorning.Wethoughtitourdutytohelpthem.Iconsideritaprivilegetoworkinyourcountry.Ishallalwayscountitanhonourtohaveknownyou.Ifeltitaterriblethingthatyoumothershouldhavetotoilsoendlessly.3)这类句子也常可用于被动结构（后面部分可说是复合谓语）：Thisiscallednumericalcontrol.Thebookisentitled“pilgrim’sprogress”.Hewasvotedamodelworker.Theplaymaybetermedatragic-comedy.ShewaschristenedJanet.Shewasnicknamed“littlerabbit”.13.6.3主语+及物动词+宾语+介词短语（作补语）（39）1)这类句子中的介词短语为宾语的补语，和宾语一起构成复合宾语，不少动词后可跟这类结构：Ifoundherinbetterspiritswhenwemetagain.Theykepthimincustody.Heputhisbooksinorder.Thenewsofhissafearrivalsetmymindatrest.Thestrikelefttherailwaysysteminconfusion.Theyallheldhimingreatesteem(contempt).Thisplacedherinaverydifficultposition.Theyalwaysconsiderthemselvesintheright.Theysoongotthefireundercontrol.Hewishedhimselfoutoftheaffair.Thiswillbringusallintoharmony.Shecriedherselftosleepatlast.Theydeclaredthemselvesfor(against)theplan.Shetriedtotalkherhusbandoutofgoing.We’llbegladtohelpthemovertheirdifficulties.2)这类句子也可用于被动结构，下面斜体部分可说是复合谓语：Thethiefwasfoundinpossessionofalargequantityofstolenproperty.Hewaskeptincustodyfortwodays.Shewassoonsetatliberty.Thetreatyisstillconsideredinforce.Thoseregulationswillbeputintoforcenextweek.Iwasleftwithoutarayofhope.Thefirewassoongotundercontrol.Itwastakenforgrantedthattheywouldcomeandjoinus.13.6.4主语+及物动词+宾语+副词（作补语）（40）1)有些动词后的可跟带副词的复合宾语：I'mhavingsomefriendsoverforbridgetomorrow.Wewenttoherhousebutfoundherout.Shewishedherselfhome.Don’tleavemebehind.It’smyownact.Whydoyoubringmymotherin?Getmehomeatonce.Congressvotedthebilldown.Shehassleptherheadacheoff.Ididn’texpectyoubacksosoon.Whydon’tyouturntheTVon?Heissuretohelpusthrough.Theydeclaredthewarover.Bycitingmoreexamples,hedrovehispointshome.Iwon'tlethimdowninanyway.Pleasecountmein(out)ontheproject.2)这种结构有时也可用于被动形式，斜体部分可说是复合宾语：Mybaghasbeenleftbehind.Thesuggestionwasvoteddown.Thewarwasdeclaredover.Thispointshouldbedrivenhome.Whyaretheselightslefton?Hewasoftenaskedroundtoplaycardswithus.13.6.5主语+及物动词+宾语+不定式（作补语）（41）1)有大量动词可跟这种复合结构：Whatdoyouadvisemetodo?Youshouldgetthemtohelpyou.Don’tallowyourselftoindulgeinfalsehopes.Werequestedhimtoputastoptosuchactivities.Atthemeetingtheyinvitedmetospeak.Helikedaboytobeconscientiousinhiswork.Myheartcompelledmetocome.Circumstancesforcedthemtoadoptthispolicy.Illhealthobligedhimtoretireatanearlyage.Iwishyoutobehappy.Ihatedthistohavehappened.Ishouldpreferhimtodoitinadifferentway.Heinstructedmetocometoworkearlier.Permitmetoexplain.Remindmetowritethatletter,willyou?Heordered(commanded)thesoldiertoretreat.Theywarnedusnottoswiminthatriver.Heurgedmetojointheircompany.Heatingacopperbarwillcauseittoexpand.ShecouldnotbringherselftotellhimaboutVesta.关于这类句子结构可参见第12.1.5节。2)在某些动词后，这类不定式只限于用tobe这种形式(a)，但可用其他动词不定式的完成形式或进行形式(b)：Wethoughthimtobeanhonestman.Doyouconsiderthattobeimportant?Suppose(imagine)thisgrainofsandtobetheuniverse.Shefoundthistobetrueinallthecitiesshevisited.TheybelievedAziztobeinnocent.Theysuspectedhertobemysister.Iunderstandhimtobewillingtohelp.Heprovedhimselftobeacoward.Weallfelttheplantobeunwise.Hebelievedthemtohavediscussedtheproblem.Shesuspectedmetohavedoneit.Ijudgedthemtohavefinished.Theysuspectedhimtobedying.Hebelievedhertobetellingthetruth.Theythoughthimtobehidinginthewoods.Heconsideredthesituationtheretobedeteriorating.3)这类句子也常可用于被动结构，这时句中可说包含了一个复合谓语：Theywerenotallowedtoseehim.Iwasaskedtogowiththem.NelsonwasinstructedtosailforNaples.Shewasobligedtoabandontheidea.Hewascautionedtospeakaslittleaspossible.Shewasdiscoveredtobequitetrustworthy.Passengerswererequestedtofastentheirseatbelts.Hewasforced(obliged)topostponehisvisit.4)个别成语动词后可跟这类复合宾语：Hecalledonjacktoanswerthedifficultquestion.We’llprevailuponhertoattendtheconcert.I'mcountingonyoutosupportus.Ilongedforhertocomeandjoinus.Hemotionedtothemtositdown.Wearewaitingfortheraintostop.Wedependonyoutodoit.Hepleadedwithmetogoback.13.6.6主语