考研考博-英语-哈尔滨医科大学考试押题三合一+答案详解2

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-哈尔滨医科大学考试押题三合一+答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

Don’trepeatwhathesaid;pleasegivemethehighlights:That’smyconcern.

问题1选项

A.summaries

B.details

C.gist

D.opinions

【答案】C

【解析】【选项释义】

A.summaries总结B.details细节

C.gist主旨；要点D.opinions观点

【答案】C

【考查点】名词辨析

【解题思路】原句语义为“请告诉我____”，前文提到“不要重复他说过的话”，原词highlights“重点；要点”，侧重于指最精彩、最重要的部分，C选项gist“主旨；要点”最符合原文。

【干扰项排除】

A选项summaries“总结”侧重于指对内容的概括，没有C选项符合原句语义；

B选项details“细节”，不符合原句语义；

D选项opinions“观点”，不符合原句语义。

【句意】不要重复他说过的话；请告诉我重点：这是我关心的问题。

2.单选题

Abeamoflightwillnotbendroundthecornersunless______todosowiththehelpofareflectingdevice.

问题1选项

A.tobemade

B.havingmade

C.beingdone

D.made

【答案】D

【解析】【试题解析】考查定语从句。句意：一束光除非借助反射装置，否则不会沿拐角弯曲。unless在表示“除非”时，如其引导的从句谓语是be动词，而从句的主语跟主句的主语相同时，从句的主语和be动词就可省略。有时从句中主语为it时，也可省略it或从句中的有关成分。在这里unless引导省略了成份的状语从句，unlessitismadetodosowiththehelpofareflectingdevice是完整的从句。去掉itis后D选项made正确。选项符合题意。因此D选项正确。

3.单选题

Theaimofthepresident’sspeechwastoconvincestillreluctantcountriesofthegreatnecessityofimposingsanctionsagainstthecountriesthat（）terrorists.

问题1选项

A.kidnapped

B.harassed

C.heckled

D.harbored

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词辨析。kidnap“绑架”；harass“扰乱，使烦恼”；heckle“诘问，责问”；harbor“庇护”。句意：总统演讲的目的在于要让那些不大情愿的国家相信，强硬制裁那些庇护恐怖分子的国家是非常有必要的。选项D符合题意。

4.单选题

Goingintothediningroomwherethebanquetwasgivenlastnight,Icanseethe（）arestillonthetable.

问题1选项

A.remains

B.relics

C.remnants

D.surplus

【答案】A

【解析】句意:走进昨晚举行宴会的餐厅后，我能看到剩余的饭菜依然在桌上。

考查名词辨析。四个选项均为对应名词的复数形式。remain遗迹，剩余（物），残骸；relics遗物，纪念物；remnant剩余（主要的部分被使用后的剩余），遗迹；surplus剩余（指超过需要数量之外的剩余），［贸易］顺差，盈余。因此A符合句意。

5.单选题

Theirmindsandbodiesworkfasterthanmost（

）races,makingthemseemrestlessorhyperactive.

问题1选项

A.sapient

B.clever

C.smart

D.brave

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容词辨析。sapient聪明的，有智慧的；clever机灵的；smart敏捷的；brave勇敢的。句意：他们的心智与身体比大部分智人种类运作的还快，使他们显得有些性急或亢奋。只有A项符合句意。Sapientrace指“智人种类“

6.单选题

Duetorapidgrowthofpopulationandlongperiodofdrought,someAfricancountriesoftensufferfrom（）.

问题1选项

A.feminism

B.famine

C.fatigue

D.fantasy

【答案】B

【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项feminism“女权主义”；B选项famine“饥荒”；C选项fatigue“疲劳”；D选项fantasy“幻想”。句意：由于人口的快速增长和长期的干旱，一些非洲国家经常遭受饥荒。根据前半句表述的因为人口快速增长和长期干旱，可知后半句中不好的结果合适的是饥荒。因此B选项符合题意。

7.单选题

Inourcountry,millionsofordinarymenandwomenareworkingto（）povertyandbackwardness.

问题1选项

A.figureout

B.wipeout

C.carryout

D.takeout

【答案】B

【解析】考查词组辨析。A选项figureout“理解，算出”；B选项wipeout“消灭，消除”；C选项carryout“实行”；D选项takeout“拿走，去掉”。句意：在我们伟大的社会主义国家里，千百万普通男女正在为消除贫穷落后而无私地工作着。选项B符合句意。

8.单选题

Shewasafraidthatunlessthetrainspeededupshewouldloseher（

）

toScotland.

问题1选项

A.ticket

B.place

C.seat

D.connection

【答案】D

【解析】loseone’sconnectionto...误了到...地方去的（汽车、火车、轮船的）联运。句意：她很担心，除非火车加快速度，否则她将错过去苏格兰的联运。选项D符合句意。

9.单选题

TheEverVictoriousArmyservedasan(a)（）tothepoorlyorganized,poorlytrained,andpoorlydisciplinedprovincialforcesofthegovernor.

问题1选项

A.service

B.help

C.adjunct

D.extension

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定搭配。A选项service“维修，检修”；B选项help“帮助”；C选项adjunct“附属的”；D选项extension“拓展”。adjunctto“附属于，部下”，为固定搭配。helpto在这里不符合题干内容，可排除。句意：常胜军队……组织欠妥、训练不足、纪律不严的政府地方部队。因此C选项正确。

10.单选题

Nowadays,manyteachershavetotakeprivatepupilsto______theirsalary.

问题1选项

A.enlarge

B.inflate

C.augment

D.extend

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词辨析。A项enlarge“扩大，增加”，可用来指数量上的增加；B项inflate“使膨胀”，指充气膨胀，通货膨胀等；C项augment“增大”，指在原有的基础上增加含量而扩大；D项extend“延伸，扩大”，指扩大范围、影响或领土、土地扩张等。根据关键词salary“薪资”可知，空白部分填入“增加”符合句意，所以只有A项符合。句意：现在，许多教师私自带学生来增加收入。因此，该题选择A项正确。

11.单选题

JuliaGillard,Australia’sprimeminister,wasforcedtodropacontroversialproposaltofunneltheprocessingofpeopleseekingasyluminhercountrythroughMalaysia.

问题1选项

A.channel

B.siphon

C.clag

D.scintillate

【答案】A

【解析】考查近义动词辨析。A选项channel“引导，开导；提供资金；输送；开辟水道，形成凹槽”；B选项siphon“用虹吸管吸出；抽取”；C选项clag“阻碍；妨碍；凝结”；D选项scintillate“发出火花；闪烁”。句意：澳大利亚总理朱莉娅•吉拉德（JuliaGillard）被迫放弃一项有争议的提案，该提案要求通过马来西亚来处理在澳大利亚寻求庇护的人。funnel“流经狭窄空间；通过漏斗将……导入；汇集，传送”，A选项与该词词意最相近，因此A选项正确。

12.单选题

Icouldn'tsleepbecausethetapinthebathroomwas______.

问题1选项

A.draining

B.dropping

C.spilling

D.dripping

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词辨析。drain“排水；流干”；drop“落下”；spill“溢出”；drip“使滴下；溢出”。句意：浴室的水龙头一直在滴水，使我无法入睡。因此D选项符合题意。

13.单选题

Whethertheirfootballteamwillwinisamatterof（

）tome.

问题1选项

A.indifference

B.discrimination

C.deviation

D.interests

【答案】A

【解析】名词辨析题。A选项indifference“漠不关心，冷淡，不重视”；B选项discrimination“歧视，差别”；C选项deviation“偏差”；D选项interest“兴趣，爱好”。句意：他们的足球队是否会赢对我来说无关紧要。选项A符合句意。

14.写作题

Directions:Inthispart,youarerequiredtowifeacompositionentitledHowtoS(“\'etheProblemofPollution.Youshouldwriteatleast200words,andbaseyourcompositionontheoutlinebelow.WriteyourcompositiononAnswerSheet2.

1.随着社会的发展，各种原因造成的污染越来越严重

2.这些污染对我们生活的影响

3.我们应该如何减少污染

【答案】略

15.单选题

Theirsolutionwastoenrolltheirchildreninprivateschools,which,becausetheyreceivednotaxmoney,werefreetooperatewithoutbeingsubjecttoracial（）.

问题1选项

A.discrimination

B.segregation

C.controversy

D.apportionment

【答案】A

【解析】名词词义辨析。discrimination“歧视”；segregation“隔离”；controversy“争论”；apportionment“分派”。句意：他们的解决方法就是将他们的孩子送入私立学校，因为他们不收取任何税款，并且没有种族歧视。选项A符合题意。

16.单选题

Somepeopleeither（

）avoidquestionsofrightandwrongorremainneutralaboutthem.

问题1选项

A.violently

B.enthusiastically

C.sincerely

D.deliberately

【答案】D

【解析】考查副词辨析。violently“激烈地，猛烈地”；enthusiastically“热心地，满腔热情地”；sincerely“真诚地”；deliberately“故意地”。句意：有些人不是故意避开是非的问题就是保持中立。either…or…要么……要么……，表示并列关系，故答案D

17.单选题

PriortotheeventofSeptember11,theBushadministrationhadstartedtochartaclear-cutcourseinSouthAsia.Inthisnewforeignpolicycalculus,India,thelargest,mostpowerfuleconomicallydynamic,politicallystable,andstrategicallysignificantstateintheregion,wasdestinedtoemergeasalinchpin.SuchashiftwaspossiblebecauseunlikearangeofotherAmericanadministrations,bothduringandaftertheColdWar,theGeorgeW.BushregimehadfinallydecidedthatPakistancouldnolongerexerciseavetoonAmericanrelationswithIndia.SuchadecisionwasalsomadepossiblebecauseofPakistan’ssteadydownwardeconomicspiral,thepresenceofaPakistanimilitarydictatorshipinademocratizingAsiaandalsobecauseofPakistan’sextensivestrategiclinkswiththeloathsomeTalibanregimeinAfghanistan.FewAmericaninterests,itappeared,wereimplicatedinthatcountry.

Simultaneously,India,whichhadalmostreflexivelyopposedvirtuallyanymajorAmericanforeignpolicy,initiativelyappearedtobechangingitsorientation.TheBharatiyaJanataParty(RlP)-IedregimeinIndiawasdemonstratingadegreeofintellectualflexibilitythatfewregimesinIndiahadeverdisplayed,specifically,theBJP-ledregimehadexpressedcautioussupportfortheBushadministration’sdecisiontoamendtheAnti-BallisticMissile(ABM)treatyandmovetowarddramaticcutsintheAmericannucleararsenal.Admittedly,theIndiaendorsementoftheAmericanpositionwasanythingbutfulsome.

Nevertheless,eventhislimitedembraceofanotherwisecontroversialAmericanstrategicshiftwasquitesignificant.Atanotherlevel,unlikemanypreviousregimes,theBJP-ledgovernmentappearedmuchmoreinclinedtobroadenanddeepenmilitary-to-militarycontactswiththeUnitedStates.EvenareasofdisagreementinIndo-U.S.relationssuchasthosedealingwithtradeandinvestmentregimesnolongerappearedasacrimoniousness.

1.Theword“linchpin”inthefirstparagraphmeans（

）.

2.Fromthefirstparagraph,wecaninferthat

（

）.

3.TheBJP-ledgovernment

（

）.

4.Thearticlemainlytalksabout（

）.

问题1选项

A.akindofanimalinSouthAsia

B.somethingvitallyimportant

C.thedominatingpower

D.anally

问题2选项

A.IndiaandPakistanhadbeencloselycooperatingwitheachotherinthepastfewyears.

B.IndiahadenjoyedamorepreferablepositionthanPakistanwithAmericanpoliticianssincethe1970’s

C.GeorgeBushfollowedthesameforeignpolicyasotherAmericanadministrationsinSouthAsia.

D.AmericahadbeenreluctanttodevelopconstructiverelationswithIndiaoutofconsiderationforPakistan.

问题3选项

A.isinclinedtobroadenanddeepenmilitarycontestwiththeUS.

B.causedembarrassmentfortheAmericanswhentheymadecontroversialstrategicshift

C.supportedtheBushadministration’sdecisiontoamendtheAnti-BallisticMissile(ABM)treaty

D.isagainsttheBushadministration'sdecisiontoamendtheAnti-BallisticMissile(ABM)treaty

问题4选项

A.USforeignpolicyinSouthAsia

B.dictatorshipinPakistan

C.contributionoftheIndianBJP-ledgovernment

D.Bush’swisdomasapolitician

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:D

第3题:C

第4题:A

【解析】1.语义题。根据原文句意“在这一新的外交政策考量中，印度作为该地区最大、经济动力最强、政治稳定以及战略意义重大的国家，注定会成为一个关键因素。”“linchpin”的本意就是关键的意思，所以选项B正确。

2.判断推理题。选项A在文中没有信息提及；选项B时间表述有误；根据第一段第三句“...unlikearangeofotherAmericanadministrations...不像其他美国政府”可知选项C表述错误；根据“PakistancouldnolongerexerciseavetoonAmericanrelationswithIndia.巴基斯坦再也不能对美印关系行使否决权。”可知选项D正确。

3.细节事实题。根据关键词“BJP-ledgovernment”定位到第二段，根据倒数第二句“theBJP-ledregimehadexpressedcautioussupportfortheBushadministration’sdecisiontoamendtheAnti-BallisticMissile(ABM)treaty.以印度人民党为首的政权对布什政府修改《反弹道导弹条约》的决定表示谨慎支持”由此可知，选项C符合原文。

4.主旨大意题。文章第一段首句为本文的主旨句。“theBushadministrationhadstartedtochartaclear-cutcourseinSouthAsia.布什政府已经开始在南亚制定明确的方针。”选项A“美国在南亚的外交政策”最能概括全文，所以正确。

18.单选题

Amajor（）innegotiationhasbeenachieved.

问题1选项

A.breakthrough

B.breakdown

C.outbreak

D.break-off

【答案】A

【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项breakthrough“突破；突破性进展”；B选项breakdown“故障；崩溃；分解”；C选项outbreak“（战争）爆发；（疾病）发作”；D选项break-off“折断；暂停工作”。句意：在谈判方面取得了重大……。achieve属于积极性词汇，“取得突破”更为准确，因此A选项正确。

19.单选题

WalkthroughTimesSquare—you’rebombardedwithadvertising.Anditturnsout,abumblebeemighthaveasimilarfeeling,buzzingthroughafieldofflowers.“Sotheseflowersarethesebillboards,they’readvertisingacommodity,thisdeliciousnectar(花蜜)reward,andbeesareverypickyshoppers”,saysAnneLeonard,apollinationbiologistattheUniversityofNevada,Reno.

Shedescribesaflowerfieldasasortofpollinationmarketplace.“Beesarenectarexperts.Theyarereallygoodatassessingevenreallysmalldifferencesinthesugarconcentrationofnectar.”Theyalsoscopeoutflowershapeandsize,colorandscent.AndnowLeonardandhercolleagueshavediscoveredthatbumblebeesarealsosensitivetopollen.

Theyfoundthatoutbylacingbatchesofcherrypollenwitheithertablesugarorbitterquinine.Andtodisplaythepollentobees,“Wegotreallyintoit—westarted3-Dprintingflowersinourlab.”Andfortheanther—themaleflowerpart,whichpresentsthepollen—pipecleaners.“SoweboughtoutMichael’scraftstoresuppliesofthesepipecleanersandusedtheminourexperiments.”

Itturnsoutbeeswouldreturnagainandagaintothesamecolorflowerthatdispensedsweetpollen,andspendmoretimecollectingthere.Butwhenconfrontedwiththebitterpollen,theysoughtadifferentcoloredflowerfortheirverynextstop.Allofwhichsuggeststhat,inadditiontosavoringnectar,beestastepollentoo—andjudgeflowersbyit.TheresultsareinthejournalBiologyLetters.

Thefindingmeansthatplantshavetofindahappymedium:“Socanyoumakeyourpollenattractiveenoughthatthebeeswillcollectit,butdistastefulenoughthattheywon’tcollecttoomuchofit?”Andthatbalancingact,ofcarefullycalibratedchemistry(校准化学)—it’sjustoneofthemanytransactionsthatplaysoutinthebuzzingpollinationmarketplace,wheretheobjectistomakeasweetprofit.

1.Whatdoestheauthorcompareaflowerfieldto?

2.Whyarebeesdescribedasnectarexperts?

3.WhatareusedtopresentthepollenbyAnneandhercolleaguesintheirexperiments?

4.Howdobeeschoosewheretovisitinaflowerfieldaccordingtothepassage?

5.WhatdoAnneandhercolleagues’researchfindingssuggest?

问题1选项

A.TimesSquare.

B.Acommodity.

C.Abillboard.

D.Ashopper.

问题2选项

A.Becausetheyareabletodetectdifferencesinsugarlevelsofnectar.

B.Becausetheyarecapableofdiscerningdifferenttypesofflowers.

C.Becausetheyknowinstinctivelywheretocollectmorenectar.

D.Becausetheycoulddistinguishsweetpollenfrombitterone.

问题3选项

A.3-Dprinters.

B.Pipecleaners.

C.Sugar.

D.Quinine.

问题4选项

A.Bycolorandscentofflowers.

B.Bytasteofnectarandpollen.

C.Bymalenessorfemalenessofflowers.

D.Byshapeandsizeofflowers.

问题5选项

A.Calibratedchemistryisveryusefulinchangingthestructureofpollen.

B.Attractingmorebeestopollinatecouldmakeplantsmoreproductive.

C.Themorebeestobeattracted,thebetteritwillbeforthepollen.

D.Thetasteofpollencanbecontrolledforcommercialpurpose.

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:A

第3题:A

第4题:A

第5题:D

【解析】1.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】细节事实题。根据题干可定位到文章第一段“WalkthroughTimesSquare—you’rebombardedwithadvertising.Anditturnsout,abumblebeemighthaveasimilarfeeling,buzzingthroughafieldofflowers.‘Sotheseflowersarethesebillboards,they’readvertisingacommodity,thisdeliciousnectar(花蜜)reward,andbeesareverypickyshoppers’（走过纽约时代广场，你会被广告不断侵扰。事实证明，熊蜂在嗡嗡地飞过花田时，可能会有类似的感觉。因为这些花朵就像是那些广告牌，它们在为这些美味可口的花蜜打广告，而蜜蜂就是那些非常挑剔的消费者）”。由此可知作者把花田比作时代广场，把花朵比作广告牌。A选项“时代广场”；B选项“一种商品”；C选项“广告牌”；D选项“购物者”。B、C、D选项均不符合题意，因此A选项正确。

2.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】细节事实题。根据题干可定位到文章第二段“Beesarenectarexperts.Theyarereallygoodatassessingevenreallysmalldifferencesinthesugarconcentrationofnectar.（蜜蜂是花蜜专家。它们很擅长评估花蜜，即使花蜜糖的浓度存在微小的区别它们也能感觉到。）”。A选项“因为它们能够检测出花蜜中糖分水平的差异”；B选项“因为它们能够辨别不同种类的花”；C选项“因为它们本能地知道去哪里采集更多的花蜜”；D选项“因为它们可以区分甜花粉和苦花粉”。B、C、D选项均不符合题意，因此A选项正确。

3.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】细节事实题。根据题干可定位到文章第三段“Andtodisplaythepollentobees,‘Wegotreallyintoit—westarted3-Dprintingflowersinourlab.’（为了向蜜蜂展示花粉，‘我们进行了非常深入地研究，我们开始在实验室用3D技术打印花朵。’）”。A选项“3D打印技术”正确；B选项“清管器”是为了呈现花药部分；C选项“甜蔗糖”和D选项“苦奎宁”是为了试验蜜蜂对花粉味道的评估。因此A选项正确。

4.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】细节事实题。根据题干可定位到文章第四段“Itturnsoutbeeswouldreturnagainandagaintothesamecolorflowerthatdispensedsweetpollen,andspendmoretimecollectingthere.（实验证明，蜜蜂会在含有甜蔗糖花粉的相同颜色花朵间重复往返，并且花费更多的时间来采集。）”。A选项“根据花的颜色和气味”正确；B选项“通过花蜜和花粉的味道”；C选项“通过花的雄性或雌性”；D选项“根据花朵的形状和大小”。B、C、D选项均不符合题意，因此A选项正确。

5.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】判断推理题。根据题干可定位到文章最后一段“Andthatbalancingact,ofcarefullycalibratedchemistry(校准化学)—it’sjustoneofthemanytransactionsthatplaysoutinthebuzzingpollinationmarketplace,wheretheobjectistomakeasweetprofit.（这一精确校准化学的平衡做法，只是蜜蜂授粉市场上进行的众多交易中的其中一种。该市场的目标是获得甜蜜的利润。）”，由此可知市场上很多人为了商业利润会人为的控制花粉的味道。A选项“校准化学在改变花粉结构方面非常有用”看似正确，但是联系全文以及安妮和同事们的研究，她们试验的结果主要还是表明花粉味道的可控性；B选项“吸引更多的蜜蜂授粉可以使植物更多产”和C选项“吸引的蜜蜂越多，花粉就越好”都不符合题意；D选项“为了商业目的，花粉的味道可以被控制”说法正确，因此D选项正确。

20.单选题

Youmustfacethefactthatinyourinmostheartyouhatethethoughtofmoving.Itiseasiestnottoleavetheroomswhereyourchildrenpassedthroughtheirwonderfulchildhoodandannoyingteenstoafriendlybutslightlydistantcommunitysuddenly.

Until,suddenlyoneday,thedistanceisabsoluteandtheyaregrownupandgone.Thenyoufindyourselflivingintoolargeahouse,whichconsumesinitsmaintenancetoomuchenergyandmoney.Whenwefoundourselvesinthissituationafewyearsago,wedeterminedtomovewhilewestillhadthestrengthandbeforetheemotionaltentacles（触角）thattheoldhousehadwrappedaroundusbecametoopowerfultobebroken.Movewhileyoucan!Butbesureyoureallywantto,anddonotmovetoooften.Itisanexhaustingprocess.

Yourfirsttaskistofindahousethatwillsuityou.Itmustbesmaller,quieter,easiertorun,andmoreconvenientlyplacedfortransport.Notsosmall,though,thatitwillnotelegantlyaccommodateyourlargestpiecesoffurniture,andlocatednottoofarfromtheneighborhoodwheresomanyfriendshipshavebeenbuiltup.

Atlastwefoundone:alateVictoriancottage,inastreetwherethehouses,allsmall,rangefromlate18thtomid20thcentury.Itwasnearenoughtowherewewantedtolive.Ithadnobasement,whichwasagreatconvenienceforaginglegs.Therewereonlytwofloorsabovegroundlevel:oneforourselvesandonewherefriends,children,andgrandchildrencouldspreadthemselveswhentheycametostay.Eachfloorhadtworooms.Therewasakitchenonthegroundfloor,withthebathroomaboveit.

1.Thepassageconcernsbuying（）.

2.Thepassageimpliesthatgrown-upchildrenare（）.

3.Theauthordecidedtomove（）.

4.Theauthoradvisespeopleinhisownsituation（）.

5.Accordingtothepassage,theirnewhousehad（）.

问题1选项

A.ahouseforanewlymarriedcouple

B.alargehouseforagrowingfamily

C.abetterhousewhenpeoplehavemoremoneytoinvest

D.asmallerhouseforolderpeoplewhosechildrenhavelefthome

问题2选项

A.morefriendlytotheirparentswhentheyaregrownup

B.distantfromtheirparents

C.friendlybutnotveryclose

D.annoying

问题3选项

A.whentheirhousegavethemtoomuchworkandcosttoomuchtorun

B.whentheygrewtiredoftheirhouse

C.whentheysuddenlygotthestrengthtodoso

D.beforethehousecollapsed

问题4选项

A.tomoveintoaverysmallhouse

B.tomovesomewherewherethelargestpossiblepiecesoffurniturewillfit

C.nottomovetoofarfromthemainroad

D.tochoosesomewherenotsonoisy

问题5选项

A.twofloors

B.threefloors

C.fourfloors

D.twobathrooms

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:C

第3题:A

第4题:B

第5题:A

【解析】1.事实细节题。题干问：这篇文章提到买（）。D选项“为一个孩子离家的老人买一栋小房子”，定位到倒数第二段，第二句Itmustbesmaller,quieter,easiertorun,andmoreconvenientlyplacedfortransport.（它必须更小，更安静，更容易运行，更方便运输。）我们可以看出来这个房子应该是很小的，并且是给老人住的，因此答案是D。A选项“为一对新人买房子”，B选项“为一个不断壮大的家庭买一个大房子”，C选项“当人们有更多资金时买一栋更好的房子”。

2.判断推理题。题干问：文章暗示长大的孩子会（）。C选项“更加友好但是不那么亲近”，答案定位到第一段whereyourchildrenpassedthroughtheirwonderfulchildhoodandannoyingteenstoafriendlybutslightlydistantcommunitysuddenly.（在这里，你的孩子在一个友好但有点疏远的社区里度过了美好的童年和令人讨厌的少年。）我们可以得出，孩子长大后变得更友好，但是也和父母有了距离，因此答案为C。A选项“在他们长大之后对他们的父母更好”，B选项“和父母会产生距离”，D选项“烦人的”。

3.事实细节题。题干问：作者决定搬家（）。A选项“当他们的房子带给他们太多的家务并且需要花费很多去打理”，根据题干我们定位到第二段ahouse,whichconsumesinitsmaintenancetoomuchenergyandmoney.（它消耗了太多的精力和金钱来维护。）因此答案为A。B选项“当他们厌倦了他们现在的房子”，C选项“当他们突然有能力去搬家了”，D选项“在房子倒塌之前”。

4.事实细节题。题干问：作者建议处于像他这种情况的人（）。B选项“搬到能装下最大家具的地方”，定位到第三段Notsosmall,though,thatitwillnotelegantlyaccommodateyourlargestpiecesoffurniture（不过也不是太小，不能很好地摆放你最大的家具），因此作者建议这样人们搬到一个能放得下自己最大家具的房子，不一定要很小，答案为B。A选项“搬进去一个非常小的房子”，C选项“不要搬到离主路太远的地方”，D选项“选一个不那么吵的地方”。

5.事实细节题。题干问：根据原文，这个新房子有（）。A选项“两层”，定位到最后一段Therewereonlytwofloorsabovegroundlevel（只有地上两层），我们可以得出这个房子只有两层；Therewasakitchenonthegroundfloor,withthebathroomaboveit.（一楼有一间厨房，上面是浴室。）通过最后一句话我们可以得出，只有一个洗手间，因此答案为A。B选项“三层”，C选项“四层”，D选项“两个卫生间”。

21.单选题

Insomewaystheyareamarketer’sdream.Theyhavebillionsofdollarsinincome—andspendmostofit.Althoughtheirindividualpurchasesaresmall,theybuyregularly,ofteninresponsetopeerpressure.Theyareheavilyinfluencedbytelevisionadvertising.And,asaresultoftoday’ssmallerfamiliesandtheincreaseinthenumberoftwo-incomehouseholds,theyhavemoretosayaboutfamilypurchasedecisionsthaneverbefore.

“They”arechildren,ofcourse,agroupwhosespendinghabitsareattractingtheattentionofmoreandmoremarketers.OnerecentstudyestimatesthatthethirtymillionU.S.children4to12yearsoldreceiveabout$4.7billionannuallyfromallowances,gifts,andoddjobs.Ofthatamount,theyspendatotalof$4.2billioneachyearonavarietyofgoods.Butchildren’sfinancialmuscledoesnotendthere.Researchersestimatethatchildrendirectlyinfluencemorethan$40billioninadultpurchaseseachyear.Anotherstudyfoundthatchildrenareextremelyawareofbrandsandhaveconsiderableinputintotheirparents’selectionsofapparels,cereals,snacks,cars,videocassetterecorders,televisions,andpersonalcomputers.Manychildrenareinvolvedinactualhouseholdpurchasing,especiallyfood;inarecentTeenageResearchstudy,halftheteengirlssurveyedreportedshoppingforgroceriesatleastonceaweek.Recognizingthisindirectpurchasingpowerthatchildrenhave,agrowingnumberofmarketersareapproachingtheyouthsdirectly.TheNationalDairyBoard,forexample,nowairsmilkcommercialswithyouthapparel,andProcter&Gamblehasdevelopedacrestforkids’toothpaste.

Howdidchildrenacquiresuchbuyingpower?Researcherspointtoseveralfactors.Asthenumberofworkingcouplesandsingle-parenthouseholdsincreased,manyparentsshiftedcertainhouseholdresponsibilitiesontochildren’sshoulders.Thrustintoadultroles,childrenhaveendedupwithmoreinfluenceoverthefamily’spurchases,andtheyalsotendtospendincreasedamountsofmoneythemselves.Inaddition,manyolder,professionalcoupleshavefewerchildren.Theseparentscanaffordtolavishmoreontheirchildren,includingextraspendingmoneyforsuchitemsasFisher-PriceToys’$255children’scamcorderandtheMyFirstSonylineofelectronicsgearforchildren.Thebandwagoneffectisyetanotherfactor:whenonemarketerbeginstofocusonchildren,competitorsfollowsuit,encouragingevenmorechildren’spurchases.McDonald’sCorp.,forexample,hasaimedadvertisementsforitshamburgers,mealkits,andpartiesatchildrenforyears;nowHardee’sFoodSystemsInc.andWendy’sInternationalInc.aredoingthesame.

Intelligentmarketersrealizethatchildrenactuallyrepresentthreemarkets:currentconsumers,influentialconsumers,andfuturebuyers.Becausechildrenaresteadilydevelopingbrandawarenessandproductpreferencesthatsomedaywilltranslateintopurchasingdecisions,evencompaniesnotsellingyouthproductspersearebeginningtopayattentiontochildren.Marketersareovercomingtheirtraditionalreluctancetoselldirectlytochildren,realizingthat,outtheresomewhere,tomorrow’sbig-ticketcustomerisplayingvideogamestoday.

1.Thestatementthatchildren“havebillionsofdollarsinincome—andspendmostofit”impliesthatchildren（）.

2.Whichofthefollowingistrueregardingchildren’sbuyingbehaviors?

3.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatmarketersbelievechildrenwhodevelop“brandawareness”whentheyareyoungwill（）.

4.Whichofthefollowingsumsupthemamideaofthispassage?

问题1选项

A.havenosenseofvalueregardingmoney

B.shouldnotwastemuchoftheirmoney

C.havethepotentialtobuymorethaneverbefore

D.shouldnotbegivensomuchmoneybytheirparents

问题2选项

A.Theyarenotinfluencedbyadvertising.

B.Theyarecarefulaboutspendingonfastfood.

C.Theyarenotinfluencedbymilkcommercials.

D.Theyareverymuchinfluencedbytheirfriends.

问题3选项

A.staypracticalwhenitcomestobuyingproducts

B.betiredofthebrandswhentheybecomeadults

C.getusedtobuyingthosebrandsintoadulthood

D.becomeinterestedinpurchasingotherproducts

问题4选项

A.Childrenhavegreatpowerasbuyersandconsumers.

B.Childrenshouldermorehouseholdresponsibilities.

C.Childrenhavemoretosayaboutfamilydecisions.

D.Childrenareimportantmembersofsociety

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:D

第3题:C

第4题:A

【解析】1.根据下文“Althoughtheirindividualpurchasesaresmall,theybuyregularly...”尽管他们个人购买的东西很少,但他们会定期购买,以应对来自同龄人的压力。在第二段也提及,孩子们购买东西所占比例越来越大,不仅如此,他们还会影响大人们消费,由此可知,孩子们的购物潜力比以往要大得多。所以选项C正确。

2.根据第一段第三句“...theybuyregularly,ofteninresponsetopeerpressure.”他们会定期购买,以应对来自同龄人的压力。由此可推断,孩子们买东西很容易受到同龄人的影响,所以选项D符合原文。

3.根据最后一段第二句“Becausechildrenaresteadilydevelopingbrandawarenessandproductpreferencesthatsomedaywilltranslateintopurchasingdecisions,...”因为孩子们正在稳步发展自己的品牌意识和产品偏好,这些有朝一日会转化为购买决定。也就是说,孩子们成年后会习惯购买年轻时认定的品牌。选项C符合原文。

4.结合全文内容可知,本文主要是讲孩子们的消费能力在未来不可小觑,所以选项A最能概括全文。

22.单选题

Excellentfilmsarethosewhich（）_nationalandculturalbarriers.

问题1选项

A.transcend

B.traverse

C.abolish

D.suppress

【答案】A

【解析】动词词义辨析。transcend“胜过，超越”；traverse“穿过，来回移动，反驳”；abolish“废除，废止”；suppress“抑制，镇压”。句意：优秀的电影是那些超越国家和文化障碍的电影。选项A符合题意。

23.单选题

Themeetingwas（）overbythemayortodiscussthetaxraiseinthecity.

问题1选项

A.propelled

B.picked

C.postponed

D.presided

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项propel“推进，驱使”，B选项pick“挑选，采摘”，pickover“择优，分档挑选”；C选项postpone“延迟，缓办”；D选项preside“主持”，presideover“主持，负责”。句意：会议由市长主持，讨论城市税收增加问题。由选项意思和固定搭配可知，D选项符合句意。

24.单选题

Thepolicechargedthemanwiththe（）ofthewatch.

问题1选项

A.steal

B.theft

C.thief

D.thesis

【答案】B

【解析】考查同形词辨析。A选项steal“偷窃”，动词；B选项theft“偷，盗窃”，名词；C选项thief“小偷，窃贼”；D选项thesis“论文；论点”。句意：警察控告这名男子……了手表。本句的主语是Thepolice“警察”，谓语charged“控告”，宾语theman“这个男人”，with接宾语补足语。句中已经有了谓语动词，空格内应填入偷窃的名词。chargesb.withsth.“控告某人某事”，因此B选项符合题意。

25.单选题

Therenaissanceofthefeministmovementduringthe1950sledtotheStasistschool,whichsidesteppedthegoodbaddichotomyandarguedthatfrontierwomenlivedlivessimilartothelivesofwomenintheEast.

问题1选项

A.discounted

B.intensified

C.reaffirmed

D.dodged

【答案】D

【解析】句中的定语从句部分包含两个并列动作，一个是“sidesteppedthegoodbaddichotomy”，另一个是“认为边疆妇女的生活与东部妇女的生活相似”，后者没有强调好与坏，第一个动词必然也表示相关联含义。A选项discount“打折扣；贬损；低估”；B选项intensify“使加强”；C选项reaffirm“重申”；D选项dodge“躲开；迅速让开；逃避”。联系句意可知，D选项“逃避”更合适，表示对好与坏二分法避而不谈。

26.单选题

Inordertoexplainthesocioeconomicachievement,inthefaceofdisadvantagesduetoracialdiscriminationofChineseandJapaneseimmigrantstotheUnitedStatesandtheirdescendants,sociologistshavetypicallyappliedeitherculturallybasedorstructurallybasedtheories—butneverbothtogether.Touseaneconomicmetaphor,culturallybasedexplanationsasserttheimportanceofthesupplysideofthelabormarket,emphasizingthequalitiesimmigrantgroupsbringwiththemforcompetitionintheUnitedStateslabormarket.Suchexplanationsreflectahuman-capitalperspectiveinwhichstatusattainmentisseenasaresultofindividuals’abilitytogenerateresources.Structurallybasedexplanations,ontheotherhand,examinethemarketconditionoftheimmigrants’hostsociety,particularlyitsdiscriminatorypracticesandtheirimpactonthestatusattainmentprocessofimmigrantgroups.Intheeconomicmetaphor,structuralexplanationsasserttheimportanceofthedemandsideofthelabormarket.

InordertounderstandthesocioeconomicmobilityofChineseandJapaneseimmigrantsandtheirdescendants,onlyananalysisofsupply-sideanddemand-sidefactorstogether,inthecontextofhistoricalevents,willsuffice.Ontheculturalorsupplyside,differencesinimmigrationpatternandfamilyformationresultedindifferentratesofsocioeconomicachievementforChineseandJapaneseimmigrants.Forvariousreasons,Chineseimmigrantsremainedsojournersanddidnot(exceptforurbanmerchants)establishfamilies.Theywerealsohamperedbyethnicconflictinthelabormarket.Japaneseimmigrants,ontheotherhand,wer