考研考博-英语-四川幼儿师范高等专科学校考试押题三合一+答案详解3

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-四川幼儿师范高等专科学校考试押题三合一+答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

IntheITindustry,somethinkofBillGatesasamonsterwhileothers______himasalivinggod.

问题1选项

A.extricate

B.disparage

C.emulate

D.revere

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词辨析。A项extricate“使解脱，解救”，B项disparage“贬低，抨击，诋毁”，C项emulate“仿真，模仿，尽力赶上”，D项revere“敬畏，尊敬，崇敬”。由while“然而”和asamonster“一个怪物”以及asalivinggod“活着的神”可知，前后语义是相反的，那么空格处填入“尊敬”符合句意。句意：在IT行业，一些人认为比尔•盖茨是一个怪物，而另一些人则把他尊为活着的神。因此，该题选择D项正确。

2.单选题

Severalrecentstudieshavefoundthatbeingrandomly(随机地)assignedtoaroommateofanotherracecanleadtoincreasedtolerancebutalsotoagreaterlikelihood(可能性)ofconflict.

Recentreportsfoundthatlodgingwithastudentofadifferentracemaydecreaseprejudiceandcompelstudentstoengageinmoreethnicallydiversefriendships.

AnOhioStateUniversitystudyalsofoundthatblackstudentslivingwithawhiteroommatesawhigheracademicsuccessthroughouttheircollegecareers.Researchersbelievethismaybecausedbysocialpressure.

InaNewYorkTimesarticle,SamBoakye—theonlyblackstudentonhisfreshmanyearfloor—saidthat“ifyou’resurroundedbywhites,youhavesomethingtoprove.”

Researchersalsoobservedproblemsresultingfrompairinginterracialstudentsinresidences.Accordingtotworecentstudies,randomlyassignedroommatesofdifferentracesaremorelikelytoexperienceconflictssostrainedthatoneroommatewillmoveout.

AnIndianaUniversitystudyfoundthatinterracialroommateswerethreetimesaslikelyastwowhiteroommatestonolongerlivetogetherbytheendofthesemester.

GraceKao,aprofessoratPennsaidshewasnotsurprisedbythefindings.“Thismaybethefirsttimethatsomeofthesestudentshaveinteracted,andlived,withsomeoneofadifferentrace,”shesaid.

AtPenn,studentsarenotaskedtoindicateracewhenapplyingtorhousing.

“Oneofthegreatthingsaboutfreshmanhousingisthat,withsomeexceptions,theprocessthrowsyoutogetherrandomly,”saidUndergraduateAssemblychairmanAlecWebley.“Thisisthedefinitionofintegration.”

“I’veexperiencedroommateconflictsbetweeninterracialstudentsthathavebothbrokendownstereotypesandreinforcedstereotypes,”saidonePennresidentadvisorRA.TheRAoftwoyearsaddedthatwhilesomeconflicts“providedmoremulticulturalacceptanceandmelding(融合)”,therewerealso“jarringculturalconfrontations”.

TheRAsaidthattheseconflictshavealsooccurredamongroommatesofthesamerace.Kaosaidshecautionsagainstforminganygeneralizationsbasedonanyoneofthestudies,notingthatmorebackgroundcharacteristicsofthestudentsneedtobestudiedandexplained.

1.Whatcanwelearnfromsomerecentstudies?

2.WhatdoesSamBoakye’sremarkmean?

3.WhatdoestheIndianaUniversitystudyshow?

4.WhatdoesAlecWebleyconsidertobethe“definitionofintegration”?

5.WhatdoesGraceKaosayaboutinterraciallodging?

问题1选项

A.Conflictsbetweenstudentsofdifferentracesareunavoidable.

B.Studentsofdifferentracesareprejudicedagainsteachother.

C.Interraciallodgingdoesmoreharmthangood.

D.Interraciallodgingmayhavediverseoutcomes.

问题2选项

A.Whitestudentstendtolookdownupontheirblackpeers.

B.Blackstudentscancompetewiththeirwhitepeersacademically.

C.Blackstudentsfeelsomewhatembarrassedamongwhitepeersduringthefreshmanyear.

D.Beingsurroundedbywhitepeersmotivatesablackstudenttoworkhardertosucceed.

问题3选项

A.Interracialroommatesaremorelikelytofallout.

B.Fewwhitestudentslikesharingaroomwithablackpeer.

C.Roommatesofdifferentracesjustdon’tgetalong.

D.Assigningstudents’lodgingrandomlyisnotagoodpolicy.

问题4选项

A.Studentsofdifferentracesarerequiredtosharearoom.

B.Interraciallodgingisarrangedbytheschoolforfreshmen.

C.Lodgingisassignedtostudentsofdifferentraceswithoutexception.

D.Theschoolrandomlyassignsroommateswithoutregardtorace.

问题5选项

A.Itisunscientifictomakegeneralizationsaboutitwithoutfurtherstudy.

B.Schoolsshouldbecautiouswhenmakingdecisionsaboutstudentlodging.

C.Students’racialbackgroundshouldbeconsideredbeforelodgingisassigned.

D.Experiencedresidentadvisorsshouldbeassignedtohandletheproblems.

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:D

第3题:A

第4题:D

第5题:A

【解析】1.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】事实细节题。根据第一段Severalrecentstudieshavefoundthatbeingrandomlyassignedtoaroommateofanotherracecanleadtoincreasedtolerancebutalsotoagreaterlikelihoodofconflict.（最近的一些研究发现，让不同种族的学生住在一起可能会增强包容性，但也可能会增加冲突的几率。），可知不同种族的学生住在一起可能会有好的结果和不好的结果，并且没有强调更有可能是好的还是不好的结果，D选项“让不同种族的学生住在一起可能有不同的结果”正确，A选项“不同种族的学生之间的冲突不可避免”和C选项“让不同种族的学生住在一起弊大于利”错误。B选项“不同种族的学生互相有偏见”：根据第二段Recentreportsfoundthatlodgingwithastudentofadifferentracemaydecreaseprejudice（最近的报告发现，与不同种族的学生住在一起可能会减少偏见），可知文章表达的重点是偏见可能会减少，而不是强调偏见的存在。因此D选项正确。

2.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】推理判断题。根据第三段blackstudentslivingwithawhiteroommatesawhigheracademicsuccessthroughouttheircollegecareers.Researchersbelievethismaybecausedbysocialpressure.（与白人室友同住的黑人学生在整个大学生涯中获得了更高的学术成就。研究人员认为这可能是社会压力造成的。）和第四段InaNewYorkTimesarticle,SamBoakye—theonlyblackstudentonhisfreshmanyearfloor—saidthat“ifyou’resurroundedbywhites,youhavesomethingtoprove.”（在《纽约时报》的一篇文章中，大学一年级唯一的黑人学生Samboakye说：“如果你周围都是白人，你就得证明自己。”），可知与白人室友同住的黑人学生更加努力，因此获得了更高的学术成就，D选项“周围是白人同学的环境激励黑人学生更加努力地工作以获得成功”正确。B选项“黑人学生可以在学业上与白人同龄人竞争”：不是表达的重点，故错误。A选项“白人学生往往看不起他们的黑人同学”和C选项“在大学一年级期间，黑人学生在白人同龄人中有些尴尬”：文中没有提到。因此D选项正确。

3.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】事实细节题。根据第五段第二句Accordingtotworecentstudies,randomlyassignedroommatesofdifferentracesaremorelikelytoexperienceconflictssostrainedthatoneroommatewillmoveout.（根据最近的两项研究，随机分配的不同种族的室友更有可能经历紧张的冲突，以至于其中一个室友会搬出去。）和第六段AnIndianaUniversitystudyfoundthatinterracialroommateswerethreetimesaslikelyastwowhiteroommatestonolongerlivetogetherbytheendofthesemester.（印第安纳大学的一项研究发现，到学期结束时，不同种族室友不住在一起的可能性是两个白人室友的三倍。），可知不同种族的学生住在一起比同种族的学生住在一起更容易闹矛盾，但不是一定会闹矛盾，A选项“不同种族的室友更容易争吵”正确，C选项“不同种族的室友相处不好”错误。B选项“很少有白人学生喜欢和黑人同学合住一个房间”：没有具体提到白人学生对住宿对象的意向。D选项“随机分配学生住宿不是一个好政策”：这里讨论的是不同种族的学生住在一起的相关情况，而非随机分配学生住宿不是一个好政策是否合理。因此A选项正确。

4.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】事实细节题。根据第九段“theprocessthrowsyoutogetherrandomly,”saidUndergraduateAssemblychairmanAlecWebley.“Thisisthedefinitionofintegration.”（“这个过程会随意地把你们聚在一起。”本科生大会主席AlecWebley说，“这就是整合的定义。”），可知这里的“整合”指的是把不同种族的学生随机聚在一起，D选项“学校随机分配室友，不考虑种族”正确。A选项“不同种族的学生被要求共享一个房间”和B选项“学校为新生安排不同种族的室友”：学校没有特意规定和硬性要求，室友都是随机分配，故错误。C选项“对不同种族的学生一视同仁”：这里的重点不是平等对待所有学生，给所有学生同样的福利或待遇，而是强调随机分配室友，故错误。因此D选项正确。

5.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】事实细节题。根据文章最后一句Kaosaidshecautionsagainstforminganygeneralizationsbasedonanyoneofthestudies,notingthatmorebackgroundcharacteristicsofthestudentsneedtobestudiedandexplained.（Kao说，她告诫不要基于任何一项研究得出一般性结论，指出需要研究和解释更多学生的背景特征。），可知Kao认为需要进行足够的研究才能给出结论，A选项“没有进一步研究就对其进行概括是不科学的”正确。B选项“学校在安排学生住宿时应该谨慎”，C选项“在分配住宿之前，应该考虑学生的种族背景”和D选项“应该指派有经验的室长来处理这些问题”：文中没有提到，故错误。因此A选项正确。

3.填空题

Inthe8thcenturygigakufellintodisfavorbecauseitsfrivolous(愚蠢的)character________theJapaneserulersoftheperiod.(please)

【答案】displeased

【解析】【考查点】动词。

【解题思路】because引导原因状语从句，横线处为谓语动词。根据时间8thcentury，可知句子时态为一般过去时。这里指的是伎乐愚蠢可笑的特点让统治者______，因此伎乐不受欢迎，displease的意思为“使恼怒，使生气，使不悦”，符合语境，其过去式为displeased。

【句意】在8世纪，伎乐因其愚蠢可笑的特点，当时的日本统治者听了不悦，因此不受欢迎。

4.单选题

Britain’sChannelFourtelevisionsenthimtoNewYorktodoa(n)（）interviewforits“TheWord”programme.

问题1选项

A.alive

B.lively

C.live

D.living

【答案】C

【解析】考查形似词词义辨析。alive“活着的”；lively“活泼的”；live“实况转播的”；living“活的；现存的”。句意：英国第四频道电视栏目送他去纽约为他们的“世界”栏目做现场采访。选项C符合题意。

5.单选题

Thelightistoo（）formetoread.Icannotstandanymore.

问题1选项

A.rid

B.ripe

C.soup

D.dim

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项rid“得到解脱的”；B选项ripe“熟的，成熟的”；C选项soup“使振作;打扮”；D选项dim“暗淡的，昏暗的”。句意：光线太昏暗我没法看书。我再也受不了了。根据后半句句意“我再也受不了了”可知，D符合题意。

6.单选题

TheAfricanelephant—mythicsymbolofacontinent,keystoneofitsecologyandthelargestlandanimalremainingonearth—hasbecometheobjectofoneofthebiggest,broadestinternationaleffortsyetmountedtoturnathreatenedspeciesofftheroadtoextinction.Butitisnotonlytheelephant'ssurvivalthatisatstake,conservationistssay.Unliketheendangeredtiger,unlikeeventhegreatwhales,theAfricanelephantisingreatmeasurethearchitectofitsenvironment.Asavoraciouseaterofvegetation,itlargelyshapestheforest-and-savannasurroundingsinwhichitlives,therebysettingthetermsofexistenceformillionsofotherstoriedanimals-fromzebrastogazellestogiraffesandwildebeests—thatshareitshabitatAndastheelephantdisappears,scientistsandconservationistssay,manyotherspecieswillalsodisappearfromvaststretchesofforestandsavanna,drasticallyalteringandimpoverishingwholeecosystems.

Itistheelephant'smetabolismandappetitethatmakeitadisturberoftheenvironmentandthereforeanimportantcreatorofhabitat.Inaconstantsearchforthe300poundsofvegetationitmusthaveeveryday,itkillssmalltreesandunderbrushandpullsbranchesoffbigtreesashighasitstrunkwillreach.ThiscreatesinnumerableopenspacesinbothdeeptropicalforestsandinthewoodlandsthatcoverpartoftheAfricansavannas.Theresultingpatchwork,amosaicofvegetationinvariousstagesofregeneration,inturncreatesagreatervarietyofforagethatattractsagreatervarietyofothervegetation-eatersthanwouldotherwisebethecase.

Instudiesoverthelast20yearsinsouthernKenyanearMountKilimanjaro,Dr.Westernhasfoundthatwhenelephantsareallowedtoroamdiesavannasnaturallyandnormally,theyspreadoutat"intermediatedensities."Theirforagingcreatesamixtureofsavannawoodlands(whattheAfricanscallbush)andgrassland.Theresultisahighlydiversearrayofotherplant-eatingspecies:thoselikethezebra,wildebeestandgazelle,thatgraze:thoselikethegiraffe,bushbuckandlesserkudu,thatbrowseontendershoots,buds,twigsandleaves;andplant-eatingprimateslikethebaboonandvervetmonkey.Theseherbivoresattractcarnivoreslikethelionandcheetah.

Whentheelephantpopulationthinsout.Dr.Westernsaid,thewoodlandsbecomedenserandthegrazersaresqueezedout.Whenpressurefrompoachersforceselephantstocrowdmoredenselyontoreservations,thewoodlandsthereareknockedoutandthebrowsersandprimatesdisappear.

Somethingsimilarappearstohappenindensetropicalrainforests.Intheirnaturalstate,becausetheoverheadforestcanopyshutsoutsunlightandpreventsgrowthontheforestfloor,rainforestsprovideslimpickingsforlarge,hoofedplant-eaters.Bypullingdowntreesandeatingnewgrowth,elephantsenlargenaturalopeningsinthecanopy,allowingplantstoregenerateontheforestfloorandbringingdownvegetationfromthecanopysothatsmallerspeciescangetatit.

Insuchsituations,therainforestbecomeshospitabletolargeplant-eatingmammalssuchasbongos,bushpigs,duikers,foresthogs,swampantelopes,forestbuffaloes,okapis,sometimesgorillasandalwaysahostofsmalleranimalsthatthriveonsecondarygrowth.Whenelephantsdisappearandtheforestreverts,thelargermammalsgivewaytosmaller,nimbleranimalslikemonkeys,squirrelsandrodents.

1.Thepassageisprimarilyconcernedwith（）.

2.Intheopeningparagraph,theauthormentionstigersandwhalesinordertoemphasizewhichpointabouttheelephant?

3.Anecessarycomponentoftheelephant'sabilitytotransformthelandscapeisits（）.

4.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat（）.

5.Whichofthefollowingstatementsbestexpressestheauthorsattitudetowardthedamagetovegetationcausedbyforagingelephants?

问题1选项

A.explainingwhyelephantsarefacingthethreatofextinction

B.explainingdifficultiesinprovidingsufficientforageforplant-eaters

C.explaininghowtheelephantsimpactonitssurroundingsaffectsotherspecies

D.distinguishingbetweensavannasandrainforestsashabitatsforelephants

问题2选项

A.Likethem,Ufacesthethreatofextinction.

B.Itisherbivorousratherthancarnivorous.

C.Itisthelargestextantlandmammal.

D.Unlikethem,itphysicallyaltersitsenvironment.

问题3选项

A.massiveintelligence

B.threatenedextinction

C.ravenoushunger

D.lackofgrace

问题4选项

A.thenaturaltendencyofelephantsistocrowdtogetherinpacks

B.theelephantisdependentupontheexistenceofsmallerplant-eatingmammalsforitssurvival

C.elephantshaveanindirecteffectonthehuntingpatternsofcertaincarnivores

D.thefloorofthetropicalrainforestistooovergrowntoaccommodatelargerplant-eatingspecies

问题5选项

A.Itisanunfortunateby-productofthefeedingprocess.

B.Itisanecessarybutundesirableaspectofelephantpopulationgrowth.

C.Itfortuitouslyresultsincreatingenvironmentssuitedtodiversespecies.

D.Ithastheunexpectedadvantagethatitallowsscientistsaccesstotherainforest

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:D

第3题:C

第4题:C

第5题:C

【解析】1.本文主要是讲述大象能够改变居住环境,从而影响其他物种的生存,选项C正确。

2.根据关键词"tigers""whales"定位到第一段第三句"Unliketheendangeredtiger,unlikeeventhegreatwhales,theAfricanelephantisingreatmeasurethearchitectofitsenvironment."不像濒临灭绝的老虎,甚至不像大型鲸鱼,非洲象在很大程度上是环境的建筑师。也就是说大象能够改变环境,选项D符合原文。

3.根据第二段的第一句"Itistheelephant'smetabolismandappetitethatmakeitadisturberoftheenvironment"大象能够改变环境是因为它们的新陈代谢和食欲。选项C正确。

4.根据第三段第一句"whenelephantsareallowedtoroamdiesavannasnaturallyandnormally,theyspreadoutat"intermediatedensities.""可知,大象不是群居动物,所以选项A错误;根据倒数第二段的内容可知,选项B表达的刚好是相反的情况,所以错误;根据最后一段的第一句"...therainforestbecomeshospitabletolargeplant-eatingmammals..."可知选项D错误。根据第三段的内容可知,大象改变环境会产生种类繁多的食草动物,食草动物又吸引了食肉动物。也就是说大象对某些食肉动物的捕猎方式有间接影响。选项C符合原文内容。

5.结合全文内容可知,大象改变环境给其他物种创造了适宜其生存的环境,这是偶然性的而不是大象刻意为之的,所以选项C正确。

7.单选题

Questions1to4arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

问题1选项

A.Theywereproudoftheircuisine.

B.Theywereparticularaboutfood.

C.Theywereallgoodatcooking.

D.Theywerefondofbaconandeggs.

问题2选项

A.Hisparents.

B.Hisparents’friends.

C.Hisfriends.

D.Hisschoolmates.

问题3选项

A.Nooneofthegroupateit.

B.Itwasalittleovercooked.

C.Noteawasservedwiththemeal.

D.ItwastherealEnglishbreakfast.

问题4选项

A.Itwasfullofexcitement.

B.Itwasratherdisappointing.

C.Itwasariskyexperience.

D.Itwasreallyextraordinary.

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:B

第3题:A

第4题:B

【解析】ConversationOne

M:Guesswhat?TheworstfoodIeverhadwasinFrance.

W:Really?That’sodd.[1]IthoughttheFrenchwereallgoodcooks.

M:Yes,that’sright.Isupposeit’sreallylikeanywhereelsethough.Youknow,someplacesaregood,somebad.Butit’sreallyallourownfault.

W:Whatdoyoumean?

M:Well,itwasthefirsttimeI’dbeentoFrance.ThiswasyearsagowhenIwasatschool.[2]Iwenttherewithmyparents’friendsfrommyfather’sschool.TheyhiredacoachtotakethemtoSwitzerland.

W:Aschooltrip?

M:Right.Mostofthemhadneverbeenabroadbefore.We’dcrossedtheEnglishChannelatnightandwesetoffthroughFranceandbreakfasttimearrived,andthecoachdriverhadarrangedforustostopatthislittlecafe.Thereweallweretiredandhungryandthenwemadeagreatdiscovery.

W:Whatwasthat?

M:Baconandeggs.

W:Fantastic!TherealEnglishbreakfast.

M:Yes,anywaywedidn’tknowanybetter—sowehadit,andugh…!

W:Whatwasitlike?Disgusting?

M:Ah,itwasincredible.Theyjustgotabowlandputsomefatinit.Andthentheyputsomebaconinthefat,brokeaneggoverthetopandputthewholelotintheovenforabouttenminutes.

W:Intheoven?You’rejoking.Youcan’tcookbaconandeggsintheoven!

M:Well,theymusthavedoneitthatway.Itwashot,butitwasn’tcooked.Therewasjustthiseggfloatingaboutingallonsoffatandrawbacon.

W:[3]Didyouactuallyeatit?

M:[3]No,nobodydid.Theyallwantedtoturnroundandgohome.Youknow,backtoteabagsandfishandchips.Youcan’tblamethemreally.Anyway,thenextnightwewereallgivenanotherforeignspeciality.

W:Whatwasthat?

M:[4]Snails——thatreallyfinishedthemoff.Lovelyholidaythatwas!

1.WhatdidthewomanthinkoftheFrench?

【试题答案】C

【试题解析】题目问女士认为法国人怎么样？录音开头，男士对女士说他吃过最糟糕的食物是在法国，女士听后表示惊讶，因为她认为法国人都是很好的厨师。C选项“法国人都很擅长烹饪食物”是对录音原文的同义转述，因此正确。A选项“他们对自家的烹饪感到自豪”；B选项“他们对食物很讲究”和D选项“他们喜欢培根和鸡蛋”在录音中均没有信息提及，因此可排除。

2.WhodidthemantravelwithonhisfirsttriptoSwitzerland?

【试题答案】B

【试题解析】题目问男士第一次去瑞士的时候是和谁一起去的？录音中提及男士第一次去法国是跟随他父母的朋友一起去的。因此B选项“他父母的朋友”正确。A选项“他的父母”和C选项“他的明友”均是利用录音中个别字词断章取义；D选项“他的同学”是利用录音中的whenIwasatschool设置的干扰项，也可排除。

3.WhatdoesthemansayaboutthebreakfastatthelittleFrenchcafe?

【试题答案】A

【试题解析】题目问关于法国小咖啡馆的早餐，男士说了些什么？男士描述了那家法国小咖啡馆如何烹饪培根和鸡蛋后，女士问男士到底有没有吃上这道菜，男士马上说没有人愿意吃。因此A选项“没有人吃它”正确。B选项“它煮得有点久”在录音中并没有提及；C选项“用餐时没有配上茶水”只是利用录音中的teabags作干扰，录音中并没有提及是否配有茶水，因此可排除；D选项“它是真正的英式早餐”，在录音中确实有出现，但这是女士的观点并不是男士提出来的，不符合题意，因此也可排除。

4.WhatdidthemanthinkofhisholidayinFrance?

【试题答案】B

【试题解析】题目问男士认为他在法国的假期怎么样？在录音的最后，男士感叹道：“真是个美好的假期啊！”但是根据前面录音男士对那次法国之旅的一系列描述来看，那个假期给他留下的印象并不是很好。由此可知，他最后说的那句实际上是反话。因此，B选项“它相当令人失望”正确。A选项“它实在令人兴奋”；C选项“它是一个冒险的经历”和D选项“它真的很特别”在录音中均没有信息提及，因此排除。

8.写作题

MiltonMizneroncesaid,“Agoodlistenerisnotonlypopulareverywhere,butafterawhilehegetstoknowsomething.”

Listeningisnotthesimplethingitseemstobe.Listeningisparticipatinginatleastfiveimportantways.Youareagoodlistenerif

1.youcan“see”anideawhenyouhearit.

2.youcandistinguishbetweenessentialpointsanddetails.

3.youcandistinguishbetweenfactsandopinions.

4.youcandistinguishbetweeninformationandpersuasion.

5.andifyoucanthenmakeupyourownmindaboutwhathasbeensaid.

Youaretowriteacompositionof150wordsorsoaboutthepoweroflistening.Youshouldwriteaccordingtotheoutlinegivenbelow.Pleasewriteyourcompositionneatlyandclearlyonyouranswersheet.

Topic:ThePowerofListening

Outline

Ievaluateyourlisteningpower

IIjustifytheneedtoimprovelisteningpowereducationally,socially,politically,nationallyandinternationally

IIIdrawanaturalconclusion

Markswillbeawardedforcontent,organization,grammarandappropriateness.

Failuretofollowtheinstructionsmayresultinalossofmarks.

【答案】Listeningisoneofthemostimportantskillsonecanpossess.Asforme,Ilistentoobtaininformation,tounderstandandtolearn.Ipreferreductivelistening,whichhelpsmereduceeverythingdowntowhatisrelevantanddiscardeverythingthat’snotrelevant.ThatmeanswhenIcommunicatewithothers,Iprefertolistenwithpurpose.Icanalwaysgetmyanswerafterconversation.Frommypointofview,thepoweroflisteningisthatyoumakeaconsciousefforttohearnotonlythewordsthatanotherpersonissaying,butmoreimportantly,trytounderstandthecompletemessagebeingsent.Iwillillustratemypointfromfollowingaspects.

Inclass,itissignificantforbothteacherandstudentstoactivelylisten.Listentothequestionsofstudentsmayhelpteacherfindanefficientwaytoimproveteachingskillandlistentothekeyinformationthatteacherdeliveredcouldhelpstudentsgainabundantknowledge.Insociety,listeningisalsoanindispensablewaytopromotemutualunderstandingandtrust.Thetwocountriesenjoyfirmandfriendlyrelationsifactivelisteningisconducted.Forexample,resultfromlisteningtoeachotherandofferingtimelyhelp,ChinaandPakistanenjoytraditionalfriendship.Ontheotherside,AmericafailedtolistentotheappealandsuggestionsofChina,thetradedisputeswouldnevercease.

Inaword,listeningisacrucialskillthatneedstobelearnedandpracticedfromallaspectsofourdailylife.

9.单选题

TheChinesegovernmentcontinuestoupholdtheprincipleofpeacefulco-existence.

问题1选项

A.support

B.restrict

C.raise

D.modify

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词辨析。uphold表示“支撑，支持，鼓励”；A项support“支持”，B项restrict“限制”，C项raise“提高”，D项modify“修改”。句意：中国政府继续坚持和平共处的原则。根据句意可知A项正确。

10.单选题

Doyourememberallthoseyearswhenscientistsarguedthatsmokingwouldkillusbutthedoubtersinsistedthatwedidn’tknowforsure?Thattheevidencewasinconclusive,thescienceuncertain?Thattheantismokinglobbywasouttodestroyourwayoflifeandthegovernmentshouldstayoutoftheway?LotsofAmericansthoughtthatnonsense,andoverthreedecades,some10millionsmokerswenttoearlygraves.

Thereareupsettingparallelstoday,asscientistsinonewaveafteranothertrytoawakenustothegrowingthreatofglobalwarming.ThelatestwasapanelfromtheNationalAcademyofSciences,enlistedbytheWhiteHouse,totellusthattheEarth’satmosphereisdefinitelywarmingandthattheproblemislargelyman-made.Theclearmessageisthatweshouldgetmovingtoprotectourselves.ThepresidentoftheNationalAcademy,BruceAiberts,addedthiskeypointintheprefacetothepanel’sreport:“Scienceneverhasalltheanswers.Butsciencedoesprovideuswiththebestavailableguidetothefuture,anditiscriticalthatournationandtheworldbaseimportantpoliciesonthebestjudgmentsthatsciencecanprovideconcerningthefutureconsequencesofpresentactions.”

Justasonsmoking,voicesnowcomefrommanyquartersinsistingthatthescienceaboutglobalwarningisincomplete;thatit’sOKtokeeppouringfumesintotheairuntilweknowforsure.Thisisadangerousgame:bythe100percentoftheevidenceisin,itmaybetoolate.Withtherisksobviousandgrowing,aprudentpeoplewouldtakeoutaninsurancepolicynow.

Fortunately,theWhiteHouseisstartingtopayattention.Butit’sobviousthatamajorityofthepresident’sadvisersstilldon’ttakeglobalwarningseriously.Insteadofaplanofaction,theycontinuetopressformoreresearch—aclassiccaseof“paralysisbyanalysis”.

Toserveasresponsiblestewardsoftheplanet,wemustpressforwardondeeperatmosphericandoceanicresearch.Butresearchaloneisinadequate.IftheAdministrationwon’ttakethelegislativeinitiative,Congressshouldhelptobeginfashioningconservationmeasures.AbillbyDemocraticSenatorRobertByrdofWestVirginia,whichwouldofferfinancialincentivesforprivateindustry,isapromisingstart.Manyseethatthecountryisgettingreadytobuildlotsofnewpowerplantstomeetourenergyneeds.Ifweareevergoingtoprotecttheatmosphere,itiscrucialthatthosenewplantsbeenvironmentallysound.

51.Anargumentmadebysupportersofsmokingwasthat______.

52.AccordingtoBruceAiberts,sciencecanserveas______.

53.Whatdoestheauthormeanby“paralysisbyanalysis”(Lastline,paragraph4)?

54.Accordingtotheauthor,whatshouldtheAdministrationdoaboutglobalwarming?

55.Theauthorassociatestheissueofglobalwarningwiththatofsmokingbecause______.

问题1选项

A.therewasnoscientificevidenceofthecorrelationbetweensmokinganddeath

B.thenumberofearlydeathsofsmokersinthepastdecadeswasinsignificant

C.peoplehadthefreedomtochoosetheirownwayoflife

D.antismokingpeoplewereusuallytalkingnonsense

问题2选项

A.aprotector

B.ajudge

C.acritic

D.aguide

问题3选项

A.Endlessstudieskillaction.

B.Carefulinvestigationrevealstruth.

C.Prudentplanninghindersprogress.

D.Extensiveresearchhelpsdecision-making.

问题4选项

A.Offeraidtobuildcleanerpowerplants.

B.Raisepublicawarenessofconservation.

C.Pressforfurtherscientificresearch.

D.Takesomelegislativemeasures.

问题5选项

A.theybothsufferedfromthegovernment’snegligence

B.alessonfromthelatterisapplicabletotheformer

C.theoutcomeofthelatteraggravatestheformer

D.bothofthemhaveturnedfrombadtoworse

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:D

第3题:A

第4题:D

第5题:B

【解析】51.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】判断推理题。题干意思是“吸烟的支持者提出的论点是……”。第一段第三句提到Thattheantismokinglobbywasouttodestroyourwayoflife（反对吸烟的游说将毁掉我们的生活方式）可以推断，吸烟的支持者认为他们有选择自己生活方式的自由，因此C项“人们有自由选择自己的生活方式”符合题意。A项“吸烟与死亡之间没有相关的科学证据”，根据第一段第二句theevidencewasinconclusive（证据缺乏决定性）可知不是没有相关证据，而是证据缺乏决定性，所以A项错误；根据第一段第四句LotsofAmericansthoughtthatnonsense,andoverthreedecades,some10millionsmokerswenttoearlygraves（很多美国人认为吸烟导致人死亡的说法是胡说，在过去的三十年间，大约1000万吸烟者早逝），可知有大约1000万吸烟者早逝这个数量并不是微不足道的，因此B项“过数十年中早逝的烟民数量微不足道”错误；另外美国人是认为吸烟导致人死亡的说法是胡说八道，而不是禁烟者胡说，因此D项“禁烟者通常都是在胡说八道”也不符合题意。故该题选C。

52.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】细节事实题。题干意思是“根据BruceAlberts，科学可以作为……”。根据第二段最后一句Butsciencedoesprovideuswiththebestavailableguidetothefuture（但是科学确实为我们提供了关于未来的最好指导）可知，科学可以作为指导，因此D项“指导”正确。A项“保护者”，B项“法官”及C项“批评家”都不符合。故该题选D。

53.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】判断推理题。题干意思是“作者在第四段最后一行说‘分析导致的瘫痪’是什么意思？”。根据第四段第一行提到Butit’sobviousthatamajorityofthepresident’sadvisersstilldon’ttakeglobalwarmingseriously.Insteadofaplanofaction,theycontinuetopressformoreresearch—aclassiccaseof“paralysisbyanalysis.”（但很明显，总统的大多数顾问仍然没有认真对待全球变暖问题。他们没有制定行动计划，而是继续推动更多的研究——一个典型的“分析导致瘫痪”的案例）可知，“分析导致瘫痪”的意思是研究阻止了行动的产生，因此A项“无休止的研究扼杀了行动”符合题意。B项“仔细调查揭示真相”和C项“谨慎计划阻碍进步”没有提到，D项“大量的研究有助于决策”，文中只是提到了更多的研究，没有提到研究有助于决策，故该题选A正确。

54.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】判断推理题。题干意思是“根据作者的观点，政府应该如何应对全球变暖？”。根据最后一段第三句IftheAdministrationwon’ttakethelegislativeinitiative,Congressshouldhelptobeginfashioningconservationmeasures.（如果政府不采取立法措施，国会应该帮助制定保护措施）可知，在作者的观点中，政府应该采取立法措施，因此D项“采取一些立法措施”符合题意。A项“提供支持，建设清洁发电厂”和B项“提高公众保护意识”都是政府的立法措施能够做到的，因此包括在里面；C项“促进更进一步的科学研究”不是作者想要政府做的，前文提到研究扼杀了行动，因此C项错误；故该题D项正确。

55.【试题答案】B

【试题解析】判断推理题。题干意思是“作者把全球变暖问题和吸烟问题联系起来是因为……”。作者在文章第一段讲述科学家们认为吸烟会致人死亡，而怀疑者们坚持认为证据缺乏决定性；第二段接着讲述现在出现了类似的情况，即全球变暖的问题，科学家们试图让我们意识到全球气候变暖所带来的日益严重的威胁与地球气候变暖主要是人为造成的；第三段讲述就如吸烟问题一样，来自不同领域的声音坚持认为有关全球变暖的科学资料还不完整；由此我们可以推断来自吸烟问题的教训可以运用到全球变暖的问题上，因此B项“吸烟问题的教训可以应用于全球变暖的问题上”符合题意。文中只是提到关于全球变暖的问题政府一直采取研究，没有提到吸烟问题上政府的态度，因此A项“两个问题都受到了政府的疏忽”不符合题意；C项“吸烟的结果使全球变暖问题恶化”，文章只是通过吸烟问题引出全球变暖的话题，因此C项错误；D项“两个问题都变得越来越糟糕了”，文中的确讲到两个问题的严重性，但是作者把两个问题联系起来更多的目的还是通过吸烟的问题引出全球变暖的主题，从而引出吸烟问题的教训可以应用到全球变暖的问题上。故该题B项最符合题意。

11.单选题

Weexpecthimto（

）hispromise.

问题1选项

A.carryoff

B.carryout

C.carrythrough

D.carryabout

【答案】B

【解析】句意:我们希望他能够履行诺言。

考查短语辨析。carryoff夺去，获得;carryout贯彻,执行;carrythrough贯彻,完成;carryabout随身携带。故B符合句意。

12.单选题

UndermydeskIkeptalargecartonofcassettetapes.Thoughtheyhaveallbeentranscribed,Istillliketolistentothemfromtimetotime.

Somearequietandeasytounderstand.TheyarefilledwiththevoicesofAmericandoctors,interruptedoccasionallybytheclinkofacoffeecuporbeepofapager.Therest—morethanhalfofthem—areverynoisy.TheyarefilledwiththevoicesoftheLeesfamily,HmongrefugeesfromLaoswhocametotheUnitedStatesin1980.Againstabackgroundofbabiescrying,childrenplaying,doorsslamming,dishesclatterin