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书山有路勤为径,学海无涯苦作舟!住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-南昌航空大学科技学院考试押题三合一+答案详解(图片大小可自由调整)全文为Word可编辑,若为PDF皆为盗版,请谨慎购买!第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题
About50yearsagotheideaofdisabledpeopledoingsportswasneverheardof.ButwhentheannualgamesforthedisabledwerestartedatStrokeMandeville,Englandin1948bySirLudwigGuttmann,thesituationbegantochange.SirLudwigGuttmann,whohadbeendriventoEnglandin1939fromNaziGermany,hadbeenaskedbytheBritishgovernmenttosetupaninjuriescenteratStrokeMandevilleHospitalnearLondon.Hisideasabouttreatinginjuriesincludedsportsforthedisabled.
Inthefirstgamesjusttwoteamsofinjuredsoldierstookpart.Thenextyear,1949,fiveteamstookpart.Fromthosebeginningsthingsdevelopedfast.TeamsnowcomefromabroadtoStrokeMandevilleeveryyear.In1960thefirstOlympicsfortheDisabledwereheldinRome.Now,everyfouryears,theOlympicGamesfortheDisabledareheld,ifpossible,inthesameplaceasthenormalOlympicGames,althoughtheyareorganizedseparately.InotheryearsGamesfortheDisabledarestillheldatStrokeMandeville.Inthe1984wheelchairOlympicGames,1604wheelchairathletesfromabout40countriestookpart.Unfortunately,theywereheldatStrokeMandevilleandnotinLosAngles,alongwiththeotherOlympics.
TheGameshavebeenagreatsuccessinpromotinginternationalfriendshipandunderstanding,andinprovingthatbeingdisableddoesnotmeanyoucan'tenjoysports.Onesmallsourceofdisappointmentforthosewhoorganizeandtakepartinthegames,however,hasbeentheunwillingnessoftheInternationalOlympicCommitteetoincludethedisabledeventsattheOlympicGamesfortheable-bodied.Perhapsafewmoreyearsarestillneededtoconvincethosefortunateenoughnottobedisabledthattheirdisabledfellowathletesshouldnotbeexcluded.
1.Thefirstgamesforthedisabledwereheld(
)afterSirLudwigGuttmannarrivedinEngland.
2.BesidesStrokeMandeville,surelythegameforthedisabledwasonceheldin(
).
3.InParagraph2theword"athlete"means
(
).
4.WhichofthefollowingstatementisNOTtrue?
5.Fromthepassagewemayconcludethatwriteris(
).
问题1选项
A.50years
B.21years
C.9years
D.4years
问题2选项
A.NewYork
B.London
C.Rome
D.LosAngeles
问题3选项
A.peoplewhosupportthegame
B.Peoplewhowatchthegame
C.peoplewhoorganizedthegame
D.peoplewhocompeteinthegame
问题4选项
A.SirLudwigGuttmannisanearlyorganizerofthegamesforthedisabled.
B.SirLudwigGuttmannisaninjuredsoldier.
C.SirLudwigGuttmannisfromGermany.
D.SirLudwigGuttmanniswelcomedbytheBritish.
问题5选项
A.oneoftheorganizersofthegamesforthedisabled
B.adisabledwhooncetookpartinthegames
C.againstholdingthegamesforthedisabled
D.inthefavorofholdingthegameforthedisabled
【答案】第1题:C
第2题:C
第3题:D
第4题:B
第5题:D
【解析】1.细节事实题。由文章第一段中的ButwhentheannualgamesforthedisabledwerestartedatStrokeMandeville,Englandin1948bySirLudwigGuttmann,thesituationbegantochange.SirLudwigGuttmann,whohadbeendriventoEnglandin1939fromNaziGermany可知第一次举办残疾人运动会是在1948年,SirLudwigGuttmann是在1939年从纳粹德国被驱赶到英国,因此选C。
2.细节事实题。由文章第二段中的In1960thefirstOlympicsfortheDisabledwereheldinRome.(1960年,第一届残疾人奥运会在罗马举行)可知选C。
3.词义题。由文章第二段中的Inthe1984wheelchairOlympicGames,1604wheelchairathletesfromabout40countriestookpart.(在1984年轮椅奥运会上,来自大约40个国家的1604名轮椅……参加了比赛)可知“athlete”是指参加比赛的人,A选项“支持者”,B选项“观看者”,C选项“组织者”,D选项“竞争者”,因此选D。
4.细节事实题。由文章第一段中的SirLudwigGuttmann,whohadbeendriventoEnglandin1939fromNaziGermany,hadbeenaskedbytheBritishgovernmenttosetupaninjuriescenteratStrokeMandevilleHospitalnearLondon.Hisideasabouttreatinginjuriesincludedsportsforthedisabled.(1939年从纳粹德国被驱赶到英国的SirLudwigGuttmann,被英国政府要求在伦敦附近的MandevilleHospital设立一个受伤中心。他对治疗受伤的想法包括残疾人运动)可知A、C、D选项正确,B选项“SirLudwigGuttmann是一名受伤的士兵”并没有在文中提及,因此选B。
5.观点态度题。由文章最后一段中的TheGameshavebeenagreatsuccessinpromotinginternationalfriendshipandunderstanding,andinprovingthatbeingdisableddoesnotmeanyoucan'tenjoysports...Perhapsafewmoreyearsarestillneededtoconvincethosefortunateenoughnottobedisabledthattheirdisabledfellowathletesshouldnotbeexcluded.(奥运会在增进国际友谊和理解方面取得了巨大的成功,也证明了残疾并不意味着你不能享受体育运动……也许还需要再过几年,才能说服那些幸运到没有残疾的人,他们的残疾运动员不应该被排除在奥运会外)可知作者是支持残疾人运动会的,因此D选项“支持为残疾人举办比赛”符合题意。
2.单选题
Thefamousinventorwasawardedan()_doctoratebytheuniversity.
问题1选项
A.honorary
B.honorable
C.honored
D.honorific
【答案】A
【解析】形近异义词辨析。honorary“荣誉的”;honorable“可敬的”;honored“受尊敬的”;honorific“表示敬意的”。句意:这位著名的发明家被这个大学授予了荣誉的博士学位。选项A符合题意。
3.单选题
Whiletyping,Helenhasahabitofstopping()togiveherlongandflowinghairasmooth.
问题1选项
A.occasionally
B.simultaneously
C.eventually
D.promptly
【答案】A
【解析】考查副词辨析。A选项occasionally“偶尔,间或”;B选项simultaneously“同时”;C选项eventually“最后,终于”;D选项promptly“迅速地,立即地”。句意:海伦打字时,习惯_____停下来梳理一下她那飘逸的长发。这里表示的是“偶尔停下来”,因此A选项符合题意。
4.单选题
1.Anewstudyusesanunusualsource—proverbs—revealculturaldifferencesinhowChineseandAmericancitizensviewrisksandrisk-taking.
2.WhenChineseandAmericanstudentscomparedproverbsfromtheircountriestheyagreed:
Chineseproverbsgenerallyadvocatedgreaterrisk-takingthandidAmericanproverbs.
3.TheseresultshelpexplainearlierresearchthathasfoundChinesecitizensareindeedmorewilling
totakefinancialrisksthanareAmericans,saidElkeWeber,coauthorofthestudyandaprofessorofpsychologyatOhioStateUniversity.
4.“Proverbsarepartofanation’scultureandreflectthenation’sbeliefsandvalues,”saidWeber.“By
lookingatproverbs,wewereabletoshowthatlong-standingculturaldifferencesareonereasonthattheChinesearemorerisk-seekingthanAmericanswhenitcomestofinancialissues,”Webersaid.
5.WeberconductedthestudywithChristopherHseeoftheUniversityofChicagoandJoanna
SokolowskaoftheAcademyofSciencesinWarsaw,Poland.TheresultswerepublishedinarecentissueofthejournalOrganizationalBehaviorandHumanDecisionProcesses.
6.StudentsfromthetwocountriesratedAmericanproverbssuchas“Abirdinthehandisworthtwo
inthebush,”andChineseproverbssuchas“Failureisthemotherofsuccess.”
7.Thestudyalsofoundsomedifferencesinhowstudentsfromthetwocountriesviewedproverbs.
Forexample,Chinesecitizensgenerallyviewedproverbsasadvocatingmoreriskinfinancialsituationsthaninsocialsituations.TherewasnosuchdistinctionmadebyAmericanparticipants.
8.WebersaidthecollectivistcultureofChina―aculturethatemphasizescommitmenttofamily—
allowspeopletotakegreaterfinancialrisksbecausecitizensknowtheirnetworkoffriendsandfamilywillhelptheminacrisis.However,becauseoftheimportanceoftheirsocialnetwork,Chinesearelesswillingtotakesocialrisksinwhichtheymightalienatefriendsorfamily.
9.InAmerica’sindividualisticculture,peoplehavetobemorecarefulfinanciallybecausetheydon’t
havethe“cushion”ofasocialnetworktofallbackon,Webersaid.Ontheotherhand,Americansdon’thavetoworryasmuchabouttheirsocialnetwork.“Theproverbsofeachcountryreflectthesedifferingculturalvaluesandconcerns,”Webersaid.
10.Inonestudy,82Americanand87Chinesecollegestudentswereaskedtorate34proverbs—17
fromeachcountry—thathadsomeadviceaboutdealingwithrisk.Theproverbsweretranslatedintotheparticipants’nativelanguagesandparticipantswerenottoldwhichcountrytheproverbswerefrom.
11.Theparticipantswerethenaskedifeachproverbpromotedriskaversionorriskseekingintwo
differentsituations,onefinancialandonesocial.Theyratedtheproverbsonafive-pointscaleinwhich1wasrisk-averse,3wasneutraland5wasriskseeking.
12.TheparticipantsfromeachcountryratedChineseproverbsasmoreriskseekingingeneralthan
theAmericanproverbs,Webersaid.Forexample,inonegroupofproverbs,AmericanstudentsgavetheAmericanproverbsanaveragescoreof2.83,andtheChineseproverbsanaveragescoreof3.07.
13.However,WebersaidtheevidencewasclearthatChinesepeoplebelieveproverbsadvocatemore
riskseekinginfinancialsituationsthantheydoinsocialsituations.
14.Inaddition,Chineseproverbsseemtodealmorewiththeproblemsofsocialrisk-takingthando
Americanproverbs,reflectingthecountries’differingvalues.Forexample,Americanstudentssaid95percentofAmericanproverbswereapplicabletofinancialdecisions,butonly63percentwereapplicabletosocialdecisions.ButAmericansthought78percentofChineseproverbswereapplicabletofinancialdecisionsand73percentwereapplicabletosocialdecisions.
15.“TheChinesearemuchmoreinterestedthanAmericansinprotectingtheirsocialnetworks.”
Webersaid.“ThesefindingsareconsistentwiththenotionthatChinais,andhaslongbeen,acollectivistsocietyandAmericaanindividualisticone.”
16.Asecondstudy,whichalsoincludedGermanproverbs,foundthatpeopleratedGermanproverbs
inbetweenthosefromAmericaandChina—butclosertoChinese—intermsofriskseekingandriskaversion.Thatmakessense,Webersaid,becauseGermancultureisquitecollectivistinasocialsense,muchlikeChina’s,eventhoughthecountryhasaneconomicsystemthatismorelikeAmerica’s.
17.Webersaidthisresearchisimportantforseveralreasons.Forone,itshowshowresearcherscan
useculturalproducts—suchasproverbs,novels,ornurseryrhymes—tohelpexplaincross-culturaldifferencesinbeliefsandbehavior.Theseresultsalsohaveapracticaluseinhelpingpeopleinvolvedininternationalnegotiationstobetterunderstandculturaldifferences.“Whenyouaredealingwithsomeonefromanothercountry,itisimportanttoknowiftherearedifferencesinperceptionsorvaluesthatcanaffectnegotiations.Inthiscase,ifyouknowtheotherpersonhasdifferentriskperceptionsorriskpreferencesthanyou,itispossibletodevelopanagreementthatleavesbothsidesbetteroff.”
1.Thestudyusedproverbsbecause(
).
2.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEoftheproverbs"Abirdinthehandisworthtwointhebush"and"Failureisthemotherofsuccess"?
3.TheChineseadvocatemorerisk-takinginfinancialsituationsbecause
(
).
4.Whichofthefollowingistrueofasocietythatemphasizesindividualvalues?
5.Whichofthefollowingstatementscanbeconcludedfromthepassage?
I.Apersonwhoenjoysgoodsocialrelationstendstoriskhimselffinancially.
II.Apersonwhoenjoysgoodsocialrelationstendstobeconcernedabouttheproblemtherein.
III.Apersonwhodoesn'tcareaboutsocialnetworktendstotakemoresocialrisks.
问题1选项
A.ChinaandAmericahaveapproximatelythesamenumberofproverbs
B.mostproverbsdealwithrisk-taking
C.thesubjectshadalargerepertoireofproverbs
D.proverbsareculture-ladenexpressions
问题2选项
A.Theyarethemostquotedproverbs.
B.Theyrevealdifferentattitudestowardrisk-taking.
C.Theyinvolvedifferentimages.
D.Theyexpressthesameproposition.
问题3选项
A.theyareaheadlongpeople
B.theyarefinanciallydisadvantaged
C.theyhavethe"cushion"ofsocialnetwork
D.theyhavemorefinancialopportunities
问题4选项
A.Itscitizenstendtocareaboutsocialnetwork.
B.Itscitizensarefamily-oriented.
C.Itscitizensarerisk-taking.
D.Itscitizenscaremoreaboutthemselvesfinancially.
问题5选项
A.Ionly
B.IIonly
C.BothIandIII
D.I,IIandIII
【答案】第1题:D
第2题:B
第3题:C
第4题:D
第5题:D
【解析】1.细节事实题。根据题干中的proverbs可定位到文章第四段中,由Proverbsarepartofanation'scultureandreflectthenation'sbeliefsandvalues(谚语是一个民族文化的组成部分反映了该民族的信仰和价值观)可知D选项“谚语是文化的表达方式”符合题意。
2.推理判断题。由文章第一段中的Anewstudyusesanunusualsource—proverbs—revealculturaldifferencesinhowChineseandAmericancitizensviewrisksandrisk-taking(揭示中美两国公民如何看待风险和冒险的文化差异)可知B选项“它们揭示了人们对冒险的不同态度”符合题意。
3.细节事实题。根据题干中的financialsituations可定位到文章第八段中,由thecollectivistcultureofChina―aculturethatemphasizescommitmenttofamily—allowspeopletotakegreaterfinancialrisksbecausecitizensknowtheirnetworkoffriendsandfamilywillhelptheminacrisis(中国的集体主义文化——强调对家庭的承诺的文化——允许人们承担更大的经济风险,因为民众知道他们的与朋友和家人之间的联系将在危机中帮助他们)可知人们可以在危险关头依靠他们的社交网络,因此C选项“他们拥有社交网络的‘缓冲’”符合题意。
4.推理判断题。根据题干中的individualvalues可定位到文章第九段中,由InAmerica'sindividualisticculture,peoplehavetobemorecarefulfinanciallybecausetheydon'thavethe"cushion"ofasocialnetworktofallbackon(在美国的个人主义文化中,人们必须在财政上更加谨慎,因为他们没有可以依靠的社交网络关系)可知D选项“它的民众在经济上更关心自己”符合题意。
5.推理判断题。通读全文,可知在集体主义文化中,人们因为可以依靠亲友这样的社会关系网,更愿意冒险,但也会因为怕失去亲友,而不会冒太大的风险;在个人主义文化中,因为没有可依靠的社会关系网,人们不会冒太大的金融风险,相比之下,他们会冒更大的社会风险。故题目中的三种说法都正确,因此选D。
5.翻译题
TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish.
不列颠的超市业主们很少如此心怀忐忑地期待着圣诞节的销售业绩。在2014年,大部分超市,特别是乐购(TESCO)这个市场领头羊,过得很艰难。超低折扣商铺,持续挖它们的墙角,侵吞他们的市场份额,而下降的食物价格也使得超市的利润率降低。临近圣诞节和新年的几周通常是超市的旺盛销售时期,它们在此期间能否喘一口气?
涂鸦画可能最终会消失。但是直至现在,这种爱好仍然受到人们的尊敬。一位涂鸦画家说,他有很多朋友曾经痴迷于在火车车皮厢上作画。现在有了妻儿,他们只有周末去废弃的仓库墙上大展身手。这己经成了周日下午的惯例——一种比坐在电视机前看足球略微健康的消遣。
【答案】RarelyhavetheChristmasresultsforBritain'ssupermarketsbeenawaitedwithsuchtrepidation.Mostofthem,especiallythemarketleader,TESCO,struggledin2014.Thehard-discountstorescontinuedtoundercutthem,gobblingupmarketshare,whilefallingfoodpricesateintotheirprofits.WouldtheseveralweeksleadinguptoChristmasandNewYear'sDay,generallythestrongestsalesperiod,bringthemsomerelief?
Graffitimayeventuallydisappear.Butuntilnowthishobbyisstillrespectedbypeople.Onegraffitiartistsaysthathehasalotoffriendswhowereonceobsessedwithpaintingonthesurfaceoftraincompartment.Nowwithwivesandchildren,theyonlyhavetimeattheweekendtopaintonthewallsofabandonedwarehouses.IthasbecomesomethingtodoonaSundayafternoon—aslightlyhealthieralternativetosittingwatchingthefootball.
6.单选题
Agoodmanyhouses()knockeddownbytheearthquake.
问题1选项
A.was
B.were
C.is
D.are
【答案】B
【解析】考查被动语态。根据题干中的houses可知空格处的be动词应填复数形式,故排除A选项和C选项。句意:许多房子在地震中被震垮了。根据句意可知地震是过去发生的事情,所以用wereknockeddown,即被动式的过去,因此B选项正确。
7.单选题
ThedestructionoftheTwinTowersinNewYorkCity_______shockandangerthroughouttheworld.
问题1选项
A.tempted
B.provoked
C.summoned
D.enveloped
【答案】B
【解析】tempted引诱,诱导;provoked激起,引起;summoned传唤,召集;enveloped包围,包封,遮盖。句意:纽约双子塔的毁坏在全世界引起了震惊和愤怒。选项B符合句意。
8.单选题
Notaskissodifficult(
).
问题1选项
A.thatwecanaccomplishit
B.astobeunabletoaccomplishit
C.butwecanaccomplishit
D.butwecannotaccomplishit
【答案】C
【解析】句意:不管任务有多困难,我们都能完成。
语法题。考查否定句的特殊用法。But可以表示否定意义,相当于“that...not”,因此,butwecanaccomplishit相当于“thatwecannotaccomplishit”。
9.单选题
Itisreportedthatthirtypeoplewerekilledina(
)ontherailwayyesterday.
问题1选项
A.collision
B.collaboration
C.corrosion
D.confrontation
【答案】A
【解析】【试题解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项collision“碰撞”;B选项collaboration“合作,勾结”;C选项corrosion“腐蚀,侵蚀”;D选项confrontation“对抗,面对”,根据空格前后的句子成分判断,这里应该填一个名词,充当介词的宾语,从句意思是“有30人在昨天的铁路撞击事故中丧生”,可知空格部分单词为“撞击事故”,句意为:据报道有30人在昨天的铁路撞击事故中丧生。故正确答案A。
10.翻译题
1.TranslatethefollowingparagraphintoChinese(5marks)
It’sanotherbad-airdayinBeijing.Youcanbarelysee.Youcanbarelybreathe.Butyoucanfeel—andeventaste—thegritfloatingintheair.TheWorldHealthOrganizationhassethealthylevelofAirQualityIndexat25micrograms,whileBeijingconsidersa300readingas“Bad”and500as“Hazardous.”Lastweekend,however,itbreached700!“I’mgettingitchy,”complainedmydaughterMichelle,visitingusfromNewYork.“Icouldfeelitatthebackofmythroat.”
LongtimeexpatriateresidentsintheChinesecapitaljokinglycallitthe“Beijingtickle(痒痒)”,anaggingcoughthattakesalongtimetoshrugoff.
【答案】北京又是一个空气不好的日子。你几乎看不见。你几乎不能呼吸。但你能感觉到——甚至尝到——漂浮在空气中的沙砾。世界卫生组织将空气质量指数的健康水平定为25微克,而北京认为300微克是“不好的”,500微克是“危险的”。然而,上周末,空气质量指数突破了700微克!“我有点痒!”米歇尔来纽约时抱怨道,“我能感觉到它在我的喉咙后面。”
在中国首都的长期外籍居民开玩笑地称之为“北京痒痒”,需要很长时间才能摆脱的持续咳嗽。
11.单选题
Theheatinsummerisnoless(
)hereinthismountainregion.
问题1选项
A.concentrated
B.extensive
C.intense
D.intensive
【答案】C
【解析】考查形容词辨析。concentrated意为“集中的”;extensive意为“广泛的”;intense意为“激烈的,强烈的,非常的”;intensive意为“加强的,集中的”。
句意:这个山区夏天的酷热也同样强烈。
12.单选题
Pricetouchedsomethingnear()bottomthisyear.
问题1选项
A.cap
B.water
C.rock
D.pot
【答案】C
【解析】考查固定短语搭配。A选项cap“盖;帽子;脱帽致意;覆盖;胜过;给……戴帽;加盖于”;B选项water“水;海水;雨水;海域,大片的水”;C选项rock“岩石;摇滚乐;暗礁;摇晃”;D选项pot“壶;盆;罐;把……装罐;射击;节略”。根据固定搭配rockbottom“最低点;受挫”可知该题选rock。句意:这一年物价接近低谷。因此C选项正确。
13.单选题
Wehaveacrisisonourhands.Youmeanglobalwarming?Theworldeconomy?No,thedeclineofreading.Peoplearejustnotdoingitanymore,especiallytheyoung.Who’sresponsible?Actually,it’smorelike,Whatisresponsible?TheInternet,ofcourse,andeverythingthatcomeswithit—Facebook,Twitter(微博).Youcanwriteyourownlist.
There’sbeenawarningabouttheimminentdeathofliteratecivilizationforalongtime.Inthe20thcentury,firstitwasthemovies,thenradio,thentelevisionthatseemedtospelldoomforthewrittenworld.Nonedid.Readingsurvived;infactitnotonlysurvived,ithasflourished.Theworldismoreliteratethaneverbefore—therearemoreandmorereaders,andmoreandmorebooks.
Thefactthatweoftengetourreadingmaterialonlinetodayisnotsomethingweshouldworryover.Theelectronicanddigitalrevolutionofthelasttwodecadeshasarguablyshownthewayforwardforreadingandforwriting.Takethearrivalofe-bookreadersasanexample.DeviceslikeKindlemakereadingmoreconvenientandarealotmoreenvironmentallyfriendlythanthetraditionalpaperbook.
Astechnologymakesnewwaysofwritingpossible,newwaysofreadingarepossible.Interconnectivityallowsforthepossibilityofareadingexperiencethatwasbarelyimaginablebefore.Wheretraditionalbookshadtomakedowithphotographsandillustrations,ane-bookcanprovidereaderswithanunlimitednumberoflinks:totexts,pictures,andvideos,inthefuture,thewaypeoplewritenovels,history,andphilosophywillresemblenothingseeninthepast.
Ontheotherhand,thereisthedangeroftrivialization.OneTwittergroupisofferingitsfollowerssingle-sentence-long“digests”ofthegreatnovels.WarandPeaceinasentence?Youmustbejoking.Weshouldfearthefragmentationofreading.Thereisthedangerthatthehigh-speedconnectivityoftheInternetwillreduceourattentionspan—thatwewillbeincapableofreadinganythingoflengthorwhichrequiresdeepconcentration.
Insuchafast-changingworld,inwhichrealityseemstoberemadeeachday,weneedtheabilitytofocusandunderstandwhatishappeningtous.Thishasalwaysbeenthefunctionofliteratureandweshouldbecarefulnottoletitdisappear.Oursocietyneedstobeabletoimaginethepossibilityofsomeoneutterlyintunewithmodemtechnologybutabletomakesenseofadynamic,confusingworld.
Inthe15thcentury,JohannesGuttenberg’sinventionoftheprintingpressinEuropehadahugeimpactoncivilization.Onceuponatimethephysicalbookwasachallengingthing.Weshouldrememberthisbeforeweassumethattechnologyisouttodestroytraditionalculture.
1.Whichofthefollowingparagraphsbrieflyreviewsthehistoricalchallengesforreading?
2.Thefollowingareallcitedasadvantagesofe-booksEXCEPT().
3.Whichofthefollowingcanbebesttodescribehowtheauthorfeelstowardsingle-sentence-longnovels?
4.Accordingtothepassage,peopleneedknowledgeofmoderntechnologyand()tosurviveinthefast-changingsociety.
5.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?
问题1选项
A.ParagraphOne
B.ParagraphTwo
C.ParagraphThree
D.ParagraphFour
问题2选项
A.multimodalcontent
B.environmentalfriendliness
C.convenienceforreaders
D.imaginativedesign
问题3选项
A.Ironic
B.Worried
C.Sarcastic
D.Doubtful
问题4选项
A.goodjudgment
B.highsensitivity
C.goodimagination
D.theabilitytofocus
问题5选项
A.Technologypushesthewayforwardforreadingandwriting
B.Interconnectivityisafeatureofnewreadingexperience
C.Technologyisanopportunityandachallengefortraditionalreading
D.Technologyoffersagreatervarietyofreadingpractice
【答案】第1题:B
第2题:D
第3题:B
第4题:A
第5题:C
【解析】1.段落大意题。题干:哪一个段落简要回顾了阅读的历史挑战?根据题干关键词historicalchallengesforreading定位至第二段第1-2句There’sbeenawarningabouttheimminentdeathofliteratecivilizationforalongtime.Inthe20thcentury,firstitwasthemovies,thenradio,thentelevisionthatseemedtospelldoomforthewrittenworld.(很长一段时间以来,一直有关于文化文明即将灭亡的警告。在20世纪,首先是电影,然后是广播,然后是电视,似乎预示着文字世界的毁灭。),第一句话表明本段将会回顾阅读在以前的历史时期经历过的挑战,第二句话就说明了曾经有来自于哪几方面的挑战,所以B选项“第二段”,是本题的正确答案;文章第一段讲的是当今阅读面临衰退的危机及原因;第三段讲我们其实无需对现代科技发展过虑;第四段的中心是现代科技带给阅读的好处,所以都应排除。综上所述,本题的正确答案是B选项。
2.事实细节题。题干:以下都被认为是电子书的优点,除了_______。由题干定位到文章第三段最后一句话DeviceslikeKindlemakereadingmoreconvenientandarealotmoreenvironmentallyfriendlythanthetraditionalpaperbook.(像Kindle这样的阅读设备比传统的纸质书更方便,也更环保),所以B选项“环境友好”和C选项“方便读者”,符合题意;第四段第三句指出ane-bookcanprovidereaderswithanunlimitednumberoflinks:totexts,pictures,andvideos(电子书可以为读者提供无限数量的链接:文本、图片和视频),可见电子图书的内容丰富形式多样,A选项“多模式的内容”是对该句中提及优势的概括,所以A选项也符合题意;第四段的第二句话Interconnectivityallowsforthepossibilityofareadingexperiencethatwasbarelyimaginablebefore.(互联性使阅读经验成为可能,这是以前几乎无法想象的。),是说阅读经历是从前无法想象的,而不是电子图书的设计具有想象力,故D选项“富有想象力的设计”,属于曲解文章意思。综上所述,本题的正确答案是D选项。
3.推理判断题。题干:以下哪个选项能最好地描述作者对单句小说的感觉?由题干的关键词“single-sentence-long”定位至第五段。该段首句作者就指出thereisthedangeroftrivialization(有一个风险是阅读的浅薄化),并在该段最后一句中指出Thereisthedangerthatthehigh-speedconnectivityoftheInternetwillreduceourattentionspan—thatwewillbeincapableofreadinganythingoflengthorwhichrequiresdeepconcentration.(目前存在的危险是:互联网的高速连接会减少我们注意力的持续时间,结果是我们不能够阅读长篇论著,或是阅读需要高度集中注意力的书籍。),这些均表明了作者的担心,故B选项“担心的”,符合题意;A选项“讽刺的”,C选项“挖苦的”和D选项“怀疑的”,根据文义,作者并无讽刺,怀疑的意思,排除A、C、D选项。综上所述,本题正确答案是B选项。
4.事实细节题。题干:根据文章,人们需要现代技术和_______的知识来在快速变化的社会中生存。根据题干定位到文章第六段最后一句话Oursocietyneedstobeabletoimaginethepossibilityofsomeoneutterlyintunewithmodemtechnologybutabletomakesenseofadynamic,confusingworld.(我们的社会需要能够想象出这样一种可能性:一个人与现代技术完全合拍,但又能够理解一个动态的、令人困惑的世界。),可知knowledgeofmoderntechnology对应intunewithmoderntechnology,而makesenseofadynamic,confusingworld则对应A选项“良好的判断力”,故A选项为答案。B选项“高度敏感性”,C选项“丰富的想象力”和D选项“集中注意力的能力”与原句中makesenseof的意思相距甚远,故排除。综上所述,本题正确答案是A选项。
5.主旨大意题。题干:文章的主题思想是?本文开篇提到了互联网的出现对阅读造成的影响。之后回顾了过去科技的发展曾经对阅读构成的威胁,接着讲到阅读的新趋势和方式。第五段说明科技的发展对阅读所造成的具体影响。第六段提到现实世界中需要什么样的人——既适应现代技术的发展,又理解现在的变化。末段提到阅读本身也曾经是个挑战,引发人们思考如何应对现代科技对阅读构成的威胁。虽然文章没有明确提出中心思想,首段还提到互联网造成了阅读人数的下降,但随后各部分内容并没有对科技发展做出否定,而是为人们指明了正确的方向和途径,尤其末段说明了事物的两面性,C选项“技术对于传统阅读来说既是机遇,也是挑战”,很好地概括了文章的主旨大意,故为正确答案。由第三段第二句Theelectronicanddigitalrevolutionofthelasttwodecadeshasarguablyshownthewayforwardforreadingandforwriting.(过去二十年的电子和数字革命可以说为阅读和写作指明了前进的道路。),可知A选项“科技推动了阅读和写作的发展”是该段内容,而非全文中心意思,故排除;B选项“互联性是新阅读体验的特征”是对第四段第二句的解释,属于细节内容,故排除;D选项“科技提供了更多种类的阅读实践”是对第四段第三句的概括,与主旨无关,故排除。综上所述,本题正确答案是C选项。
14.单选题
Despitetheirgoodservice,mostinnsarelesscostlythanhotelsof______standards.
问题1选项
A.equivalent
B.alike
C.uniform
D.likely
【答案】A
【解析】【选项释义】
A.equivalent(价值、数量、意义、重要性等)相等的,相同的B.alike相像;十分相似
C.uniform一致的;统一的D.likely可能的;预料的
【考查点】形容词辨析。
【解题思路】根据句子可知,mostinnsarelesscostlythanhotels(大多数小旅馆比酒店便宜)用到了比较级,而比较通常是在同等的条件下进行,所以空格处应该表示“相同的”,该题选择A项符合句意。
【干扰项排除】B、C、D项不符合句意。
【句意】尽管他们的服务很好,大多数小旅馆比同等标准的酒店便宜。
15.单选题
Schoolchildrenoughttobe()totheirparentsandteachers.
问题1选项
A.alien
B.transient
C.obedient
D.current
【答案】C
【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项alien“外国的;相异的”;B选项transient“短暂的;路过的”;C选项obedient“服从的;孝顺的”;D选项current“现在的;最近的”。句意:学龄儿童应该……父母和老师。句中主语是Schoolchildren,由关键信息totheirparentsandteachers“对其父母和老师”要服从。因此C选项符合题意。
16.单选题
Iaskedthecounselortogivemea()estimateofthefeeofdefendingmycaseincourt.
问题1选项
A.rude
B.crude
C.rough
D.coarse
【答案】C
【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。A选项rude表示“粗鲁的;无礼的,未开化的”,B选项crude表示“粗糙的,天然的,未加工的”,C选项rough表示“粗糙的,粗略的,艰苦的,未加工的”,D选项coarse表示“粗鄙的;粗糙的”。根据关键词estimate可知,我让律师对我的案件上庭辩护所需费用进行粗略估算。因此,只有C项最符合原文语境,故本题正确答案为C选项。
17.单选题
Althoughcatscannotseeincompletedarkness,theireyesaremuchmore_______tolightthanhumaneyes.
问题1选项
A.glowing
B.sensitive
C.brilliant
D.gloomy
【答案】B
【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项glowing“灼热的;热情洋溢的;鲜艳的”;B选项sensitive“敏感的;感觉的;灵敏的;感光的;易受伤害的;易受影响的”;C选项brilliant“灿烂的,闪耀的;杰出的;有才气的;精彩的,绝妙的”;D选项gloomy“黑暗的;沮丧的;阴郁的”。句意:虽然猫在完全黑暗中看不见东西,但它们的眼睛比人眼对光更敏感。因此B选项正确。
18.单选题
Yourfailureinthefinalexaminationisduetothefactthatyoudidn’t______enoughimportancetoyourEnglish.
问题1选项
A.put
B.attach
C.render
D.place
【答案】B
【解析】考查固定搭配。A项put“放,赋予”,B项attach“贴上,系上”,C项render“回报,援助”,D项place“放置,寄予”。根据空格后的关键词importance“重要性”可知,attachimportancetosth.固定搭配,表示“重视”。句意:你期末考试不及格是由于你对英语不够重视。因此,该题选择B项正确。
19.单选题
Theideaoftravelingthrough(
)spacetootherplanetsinterestsmanypeopletoday.
问题1选项
A.a
B.the
C./
D.one
【答案】C
【解析】考查冠词。句意:漫游太空去另一个星球这个想法现在引起了很多人的兴趣。
sun、star一样是物质名词,是独一无二的事物,所以前面应该加定冠词the,因此答案选C。特指世界上独一无二的事物或自然现象。但space表示“太空”,nature表示“大自然”时,均不能与冠词连用。
20.单选题
Thevolcanolaid(
)now,butwefeltsureitwoulderuptagainwithintheyear.
问题1选项
A.inactive
B.slack
C.elevated
D.inattentive
【答案】A
【解析】形容词辨析题。inactive“不活动的,不活跃的”;slack“懒惰的,懈怠的”;elevate“举起,提起”;inattentive“不注意的,漫不经心的”;根据句意‘尽管火山目前是(
)状态,但是我们确信今年它会再次喷发。’确定A选项正确。
21.单选题
Hewouldgotoendless()tohelpanyonehethoughtworthyofencouragement.
问题1选项
A.difficulty
B.obstacle
C.trouble
D.nuisance
【答案】C
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。A:difficulty“困难”;B:obstacle“障碍”;C:trouble“麻烦”;D:nuisance“讨厌的东西(人,行为)麻烦事”。句意:他帮助任何他认为值得鼓励的人会带来无尽的麻烦。结合此处语境,C为正确答案。
22.单选题
Einsteindiscoveredthelawsthatgoverntheuniverse,notinalaborinan(
),butatthedeskinhisstudy.
问题1选项
A.orchard
B.orbit
C.observatory
D.outlet
【答案】C
【解析】句意:爱因斯坦不是在实验室或者天文台发现了宇宙的规律,而是在他的书房的桌子上。
名词辨析。Orchard果园,果树林;orbit轨道,眼眶;observatory天文台,气象台;outlet出口,排放孔。空格应该与or连接的lab(实验室)并列,故选C。
23.填空题
ArecentsurveyfoundthatmorethanhalfofallBritishcompaniesincludePRaspartoftheircorporateplanningactivities,comparedtoaboutonethirdofU.S.companies.Itmaynotbelong
whenLondonreplacesNewYorkasthecapital
A
B
C
D
ofPR.
【答案】Dwhen改为before
【解析】【考查点】从句。
【解题思路】D部分到句子结尾是时间状语从句,表示用不了多久伦敦就会取代纽约,引导词用before,表示在伦敦取代纽约要不了多长时间。
【句意】最近的一项调查发现,超过一半的英国公司将公关作为公司规划活动的一部分,而美国公司的这一比例只有三分之一。用不了多久,伦敦就会取代纽约成为
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