考研考博-英语-合肥共达职业技术学院考试押题三合一+答案详解3

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-合肥共达职业技术学院考试押题三合一+答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

Theyspeakofelectioncampaignpollsasamusicianmightofanorchestra____,orapainterofdefectivepaint.

问题1选项

A.inpace

B.outoffocus

C.instep

D.outoftune

【答案】D

【解析】【选项释义】

A.inpace保持同步B.outoffocus失焦

C.instep步调一致D.outoftune走调

【考查点】句间逻辑

【解题思路】空格处所填词是音乐家（amusician）的后置定语，而根据原句句意“他们把选举投票说成是‘管弦乐队中____的乐师’或‘油漆涂不好（defectivepaint）的油漆匠’”，由此可知，空格处的内容应该与“有缺陷的（defective）”语义一致，因此，D选项outoftune“走调”符合原文语义衔接。

【干扰项排除】

A选项inpace“保持同步”，与“有缺陷的（defective）”语义不一致；

B选项outoffocus“失焦”，一般用于摄影师，不用于乐师；

C选项instep“步调一致”与“有缺陷的（defective）”语义不一致。

【句意】他们把选举投票说成是“管弦乐队中跑调的乐师”或“油漆有缺陷的油漆匠”。

2.单选题

（）thatthisregionwassorichinnaturalresources.

问题1选项

A.Littleheknew

B.Littledidheknow

C.Littlehedidknow

D.Littlehehadknown

【答案】B

【解析】考查倒装结构。little这个否定副词前置，引起主谓的部分倒装。故B项正确。句意：他一点都不知道这个地区的自然资源如此丰富。

3.单选题

（

）theissueofslaveryandracehasbeenfundamentalinAmerica’sdevelopment.

问题1选项

A.Promoting

B.Confronting

C.Conquering

D.Measuring

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：美国发展中所面临的最基本的问题是奴隶制与种族问题。promote“提升”；confront“面临”；conquer“战胜”；measure“测量”。根据句意，选项B符合题意。

4.单选题

Alekodenied（）Mary’slittlelamb.

问题1选项

A.tosteal

B.tohavestolen

C.havingtosteal

D.stealing

【答案】D

【解析】考查固定搭配。deny“否认，否定”，固定搭配：denydoingsth.“否认做某事，否认做过某事，拒绝做某事”。句意：阿莱科否认偷了玛丽的小羊，因此D选项正确。

5.翻译题

(1).Whenwetalkaboutthedangerofromanticlove,wedon'tmeandangerintheobviousheartbreakway—thecheapbetrayals,thebrokenpromises—wemeanthedarkdangerthatlurkswhensensible,educatedwomenfallforthedogmaticideathatromanticloveistheultimategoalforthemodernfemale.Everyday,thousandsoffilms,books,articlesandTVprogramshammerhomethismessage—thatwithoutromance,lifeissomehowbarren.

However,therearewomenwhoentertainthesubversivenotion,likeanintellectualmousescratchingbehindtheskirtingboard,thatperhapsthishigherloveisnotnecessarilythecelestialhighwaytoabsolutehappiness.(2).Theirempiricalsidekicksin.andtheyobservethatcoupleswhomarryinahazeofadorationandsexare,tenyearslater,throwingchinaandfightbitterlyoverwhogetsthedog.

(3).Butthewomenwhonoticethesecontradictionsareoftenafraidtospeakthemincasetheyshouldbelabeledcynics.Surelyonlythemostjadedanddamagedwouldchallengetheorthodoxyofromanticlove.Thereceivedwisdomthatthereisnotsomethingwrongwiththemodernideaofsexualloveasultimatepanacea,but(hatifyoudon'tgetit,thereissomethingwrongwithyou.Youfreak,gobackandreadthelabel.(4).Wesaytheprivilegingofromanticloveoverallothers,theinsistencethatitistheoneessential,incontrovertibleelementofhumanhappiness,tracedallthewaybacktothecaves,isatrapandasnare.Theideathateveryhumanheart,sincetheinventionofthewheel,wasyearningforitsotherhalfisamyth.

(5).Loveisahumanconstant:itistheinterpretationofitthatchanges.Thewaythatlovehasbeenexpressed,itssignificanceindailylife,haveneverbeenimmutableorconstant.Thedifferentkindsofloveandwhattheysignifyarenotfixed,whateverthetraditionalistsmayliketotellyou.

Sothemodernideathatromanticloveisawoman'shighestcalling,thatsheissomehowonlyhalfapersonwithoutit,thatifshequestionsitsheisgoingagainstallhumanhistory,doesnotstanduptoscrutiny.Itisnotanimperativecarvedinstone;itisahumanidea,andhumanbeingsarefrailandsuggestible,andsometimesgetthewrongendofthestick.

ReadthepassagecarefullyandtranslatetheunderlinedsentencesintoChinese.

【答案】1.当说到浪漫爱情的危险时,我们并不是指显而易见令人心碎的危险一可耻的背叛、破碎的誓言——而是指当明智的知识女性对教条主义思想信以为真,即浪漫的爱情是现代女性的终极目标时,潜伏着的隐秘危险。

2.她们的阅历经验开始发挥作用,她们注意到,出于爱慕和性而结婚的夫妻十年以后却在互相摔碗,为生活中一点小事而大打出手。

3.然而,观察到这些反差的女性往往很怕谈论这些,生怕被他人冠以愤世嫉俗之名。当然,只有那些最厌倦、受伤最深的女性才会挑战浪漫爱情的正统地位。

4.我们认为：赋予浪漫爱情特权使其凌驾于一切之上,并强调爱情是构成人类幸福一个基本的、无可争议的要素,即便追溯到洞穴社会,这也是一种圈套和陷阱。

5.爱情是人类不变的追求;改变的只是对爱情的阐释。爱情的表达方式以及它在日常生活的意义从来都不是永恒不变或始终如一的。

6.单选题

Weknowverylittleaboutpainandwhatwedon’tknowmakesithutallthemore.Indeed,noformofilliteracyintheUnitedStatesissowidespreadorcostlyasignoranceaboutpainwhatitis,whatcausesit,howtodealwithitwithoutpanic.Almosteveryonecanrattleoffnamesofatleastadozendrugsthatcandeadenpainfromeveryconceivablecauseallthewayfromheadachestohemorrhoids.

Thereisfarlessknowledgeaboutthefactthatabout90percentofpainisself-limiting,thatitisnotalwaysanindicationofpoorhealth,andthat,mostfrequently,itistheresultoftension,stress,worry,idleness,boredom,frustration,suppressedrage,insufficientsleep,overeating,poorlybalanceddiet,smoking,excessivedrinking,inadequateexercise,staleair,oranyoftheotherabusesencounteredbythehumanbodyinmodernsociety.

Themostignoredfactofallaboutpainisthatthebestwaytoeliminateitistoeliminatetheabuse.Instead,manypeoplereachalmostinstinctivelyforthepainkillers—aspirins,barbiturates,codeines,tranquilizers,sleepingpills,anddozensofotheranalgesicsordesensitizingdrugs.

Mostdoctorsareprofoundlytroubledovertheextenttowhichthemedicalprofessiontodayistakingonthetrappingsofapain-killingindustry.Theirofficesareoverloadedwithpeoplewhoaremorbidlybutmistakenlyconvincedthatsomethingdreadfulisabouttohappentothem.Itisalltooevidentthatthecampaigntogetpeopletorunforadoctoratthefirstsignofpainhasboomeranged.Physiciansfinditdifficulttogiveadequateattentiontopatientsgenuinelyinneedofexpertdiagnosisandtreatmentbecausetheirtimeissoakedupbypeoplewhohavenothingwrongwiththemexceptatemporaryindispositionorapsychogenicache.

Patientstendtofeelindignant,andinsultedifthephysiciantellsthemhecanfindnoorganiccauseforthepain.Theytendtointerprettheterm“psychogenic”tomeanthattheyarecomplainingofnonexistentsymptoms.Theyneedtobeeducatedaboutthefactthatmanycasesofpainhavenounderlyingphysicalcausebutaretheresult,asmentionedearlier,oftension,stress,orhostilefactorsinthegeneralenvironment.Sometimesapainmaybeamanifestationof“conversionhysteria”,thenamegivenbyJeanCharcottophysicalsymptomsthathavetheiroriginsinemotionaldisturbances.

Obviously,itisfollyforanindividualtoignoresymptomsthatcouldbeawarningofapotentiallyseriousillness.Somepeoplearesoterrifiedofgettingbadnewsfromadoctorthattheyallowtheirmalaisetoworsen,sometimespastthepointofnoreturn.Totalneglectisnottheanswertohypochondria.Theyonlyanswerhastobeincreasededucationaboutthewaythehumanbodyworks,sothatmorepeoplewillbeabletosteeranintelligentcoursebetweenpromiscuouspillpoppingandirresponsibledisregardofgenuinesymptoms.

Ofallformsofpain,noneismoreimportantfortheindividualtounderstandthanthe“threshold”variety.Almosteveryonehasatelltaleachethatistriggeredwhenevertensionorfatiguereachesacertainpoint,itcantaketheformofamigrainetypeheadacheorasqueezingpaindeepintheabdomenorcrampsorevenpaininthejoints.Theindividualwhohaslearnedhowtomakethecorrelationbetweensuchthresholdpainsandtheircausedoesn’tpanicwhentheyoccur,heorshedoessomethingaboutrelievingthestressandtension.

Ifthepainpersistsdespitetheabsenceofapparentsymptoms,theindividualwilltelephonethedoctor.

1.Whatdoesthesentence“Itisalltooevident…”(Paragraph4)mean?

2.ahypochondriaissomeonewho_____.

3.Itcanbeconcludedfromthepassagethat_____.

4.Theyauthorwrotethisarticleto_____.

5.Whatdoestheword“telltale”(Paragraph7)mean?

问题1选项

A.Itisobviouslytruethatpeopleshouldconsultadoctorassoonastheyfeelpain.

B.Itisuselesstoaskpeopletoseekadvicefromdoctorstheminutetheyfeelpainful.

C.Thesuggestionthatpeoplegotoseeadoctorimmediatelyiftheyfeelpainhassomebadeffect.

D.Thecampaignagainstpainwillbelostifpeopledon’tgotoseeadoctorwhentheyfeelpain.

问题2选项

A.ignoresdoctor’sadviceandwarnings

B.isafraidofgoingtoseedoctors

C.alwayscomplainabouthavingsymptomsthatdon’tactuallyexist

D.alwaystelltalespain-killers

问题3选项

A.mostcaresofpainarecausedbyhysteria

B.ifapainisn’torganic,it’sverylikelytobepsychogenic

C.pain-killingindustrywon’tbeencouragedinthefuture

D.doctorsseldomprescribepain-killerstopatients

问题4选项

A.explainhowpain-killerswork

B.callforunderstandingbetweendoctorsandpatients

C.illustratetheharmoftakingtoomuchpain-killers

D.teachtherightattitudetopain

问题5选项

A.notobvious

B.scary

C.notprecise

D.gorgeous

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:C

第3题:B

第4题:D

第5题:A

【解析】1.根据本句的上下文可知，大多数医生对当今医疗行业变成止痛药行业深感不安。医生们发现，真正需要专家诊断和治疗的病人很难得到足够的重视，因为他们的时间被那些除了暂时的不适或精神上的疼痛之外没有任何问题的人所占据。由此推断，人们一有疼痛迹象就去找医生的行为已经适得其反。boomerang指带来反作用,坏处。所以选项C符合原文。

2.根据上文“Somepeoplearesoterrifiedofgettingbadnewsfromadoctorthattheyallowtheirmalaisetoworsen,sometimespastthepointofnoreturn.”有些人非常害怕从医生那里得到坏消息，他们会让自己的不适恶化，有时甚至到了无法恢复的地步。hypochondria指那些总是疑心自己身体有病的人，选项C正确。

3.根据第五段的一二句“Patientstendtofeelindignant,andinsultedifthephysiciantellsthemhecanfindnoorganiccauseforthepain.Theytendtointerprettheterm“psychogenic”tomeanthat”选项B符合原文。

4.本文首先提到人们对疼痛的无知，接下来介绍了疼痛的原因,目的在于教会人们以正确态度对待疼痛。选项D符合原文。

5.根据下文“Almosteveryonehasatelltaleachethatistriggeredwhenevertensionorfatiguereachesacertainpoint,...”只有当紧张或疲劳达到一定程度时才会引发这种疼痛，由此可知，telltale指不易察觉的，不明显的。选项A正确。

7.单选题

Questions19to21arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard.

问题1选项

A.Allrespondentswereafraidofmakingahighexpenseclaim.

B.Anumberofrespondentsgaveanaverageanswerof400miles.

C.Over10%oftherespondentsliedaboutthedistancetheydrove.

D.Mostoftherespondentsgotcompensatedfordriving384miles.

问题2选项

A.Theyrespondedtocolleagues’suspicion.

B.Theycaredaboutotherpeople’sclaims.

C.Theywantedtoprotecttheirreputation.

D.Theyendeavoredtoactuallybehonest.

问题3选项

A.Theyseempositive.

B.Theyareintuitive.

C.Theyareillustrative.

D.Theyareconclusive.

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:C

第3题:B

【解析】RecordingTwo

Now,believeitornot.Peoplesometimeslieinordertomaintainagood,honestreputation—evenifithurtsthemtodoso.Atleast,thisiswhatateamofscientistsissuggesting,withevidencetoproveit.

Picturethisscenario:Youoftendriveforworkandcanbecompensatedforupto400milespermonth.Mostpeopleatyourcompanydriveabout300mileseachmonth.Butthismonth,youdrove400miles.Howmanymilesdoyouthinkyou’dclaiminyourexpensereport?

Thescientistsaskedthisexactquestionaspartofthestudywe’rediscussingtoday.Withsurprisingresults,[19]theyfoundthat12%ofrespondentsreportedthedistancetheydroveaslessthantheactualfigure,givinganaverageanswerof384miles.Inotherwords,theyliedabouttheirnumberofmiles,eventhoughtheywouldforfeitmoneytheywereowed.

Theresearchersbelievethiswastoseemhonest,withtheassumptionbeingthatotherswouldbesuspiciousofahighexpenseclaim.Butwhywouldpeoplefabricatenumberstotheirowndetriment?Theresearchersexplainedthatmanypeoplecareagreatdealabouttheirreputationandhowthey’llbejudgedbyothers.Iftheycareenough,theyconcernedaboutappearinghonestandnotlosingtheirrespectofothers,maybegreaterthantheirdesiretoactuallybehonest.

Theresearchersassertthattheyfindanewsuggestthatwhenpeopleobtainveryfavorableoutcomes,theyanticipateotherpeople’ssuspiciousreactionsandpreferlyingandappearinghonesttotellingthetruthandappearingasselfishliars.

Sowhyisthisresearchimportant?Well,expertsgenerallyagreedtherearetwomaintypesoflie,selfishliarsandliarsthataremeanttobenefitothers.Thefirst,asyoumaypredict,isforselfishgain,suchassubmittingafraudulentclaimtoaninsurancecompany;whilethesecondinvolveslyingtohelpothersornotoffendothers,forexample,tellingafriendwhoseoutfityoudon’tlikethattheylookgreat.

Buttheresearchersaresuggestingathirdtypeoflying:[20]lyingtomaintainagoodreputation.Nowthishypothesisisnewandsomeskepticsarguethatthisisn’tawholenewcategoryoflie.[21]Butthefindingsseemintuitivetome.Afterall,oneofthemainmotivationsforlyingistoincreaseourworthintheeyesofothers,soitseemshighlylikelythatpeoplewilllietoseemhonest.

19.Whatdidtheteamofscientistfindintheirstudy?

【试题答案】C

【试题解析】题目问科学家团队在他们的研究中发现了什么？录音中提到，他们（科学家们）发现12%的受访者报告的行驶距离比实际数字要少，给出的平均答案是384英里。换句话说，他们（受访者）在里程数上撒了谎。C选项“超过10%的受访者在开车的距离上撒了谎”与录音原文表述一致，因此正确。A选项“所有的受访者都害怕提出高额的费用报销”表述过于绝对，录音中说的是12%的受访者，因此A选项不正确；B选项“许多受访者给出的平均答案是400英里”表述不准确，这里只是12%的受访者，并不是很多受访者给出的答案；D选项“大多数受访者因驾驶384英里而获得赔偿”在文中没有提及，因此排除。

20.Whywouldpeoplefabricatenumberstotheirowndetrimentaccordingtotheresearchers?

【试题答案】C

【试题解析】题目问根据研究人员的说法，为什么人们会捏造对自己不利的行车里数？录音中提到研究人员解释说，很多人非常在意自己的声誉，以及别人会如何评价自己。因此C选项“他们想要保护自己的声誉”正确。A选项“他们对同事的怀疑作出回应”和B选项“他们关心别人的要求”利用录音中的关键词进行干扰，实际与原文表述不符；D选项“他们努力做到真正的诚实”与录音中为了声誉撒谎的意思恰好相反，因此不正确。

21.Whatdoesthespeakerthinkoftheresearchers’findings?

【试题答案】B

【试题解析】题目问说话者对研究人员的发现有什么看法？说话者说这些发现似乎很直观（seemintuitive），B选项“它们看起来很直观”与原文表述一致，因此正确。A选项“它们看起来是积极的”；C选项“它们是说明性的”和D选项“它们是结论性的”在录音中均没有信息提及，因此排除。

8.单选题

Lessthantwomonthsintoherbreastcancertreatment,AlexandraJn-CharleswascalledintoanewroomatSUNYDownstateMedicalCenter,wheretwotreatingphysicians,thechiefmedicalofficerandanattorneyrepresentingthehospitaltoldherthatmistakeshadbeenmade.

Theskinlesions(病变)onherchest,theysaid,hadbeencausednotbyherillnessbutbythemachinethatwassupposedtocureher.The32-year-oldhadreceivednearly30radiotherapysessions,butatthispointitdidn’treallymakesensetocountthem,becauseaprogrammingerrorhadcausedeachinstallmenttodeliveratleastthreetimestheprescribedamountofradiation.

Jn-Charles,whodiedtwoandahalfyearsafterthismeetingin2005,wouldeventuallycometoexemplifytheemergenceofaccidentalover-radiationinU.S.hospitals.Theworstoffhavereportedskindamage,inexplicablehairlossandribs(肋骨)bucklingbeneaththeirchests—debilitatinginjuriessufferedwhileundergoingscreeningortreatmentforsomethingthatwouldotherwisekillthem.Asteeppriceforsurvival.

Thesetragediesgotothecoreofanissueaspressingasitisuncomfortabletothinkabout:Haveadvancesintechnology,improvedtreatmentmethodsandmorecomprehensivescreeningprotocolsledtosystematic,excessiveirradiationofpatients?

Theanswer,accordingtoagrowingnumberofhealthexperts,isyes.Forexample,theCTscan,whichhasbecomecommonplaceinresponsetorisingcancerrates,isitselfthoughttoincreasethelikelihoodthatapersondevelopscancer.ThescansdeliverseveralhundredtimesmoreradiationthananX-ray—evenwhenguidelinesanddosagesarefollowedprecisely.“Whatwedoasphysiciansarguablyharmspeople,”JamesEhrlich,aclinicalassociateprofessorattheUniversityofColoradoandanadviserforPremierMicronutrientCorp.,toldNewsweek.

Ajarringexampleofthatcamein2010,whenWaltBogdanichpublishedanextensivereviewinTheNewYorkTimesthatlistednumerouspatientswhoseliveshadbeendestroyedbymistakesinhospitalimagingandradiotherapy.Shortlyafterthearticleserieswenttopress,theFoodandDrugAdministrationbegantorampupitseffortstolimitexcessiveexposure,eventuallylaunchingitsInitiativetoReduceUnnecessaryRadiationExposureFromMedicalImaging.

AlongwithorganizationsliketheAmericanCollegeofRadiology,theFDAnowsupportsanumberofso-calleddoseregistriesthatallowfacilitiestocompareradiationdoseindexestoregionalandnationalvalues.Todate,hundredsoffacilitiesacrosstheU.S.haveenrolled.

ButtheFDA’sregulatoryauthorityisgenerallyfocusedonequipmentmanufacturers,andcomplianceonthestatelevelisneverguaranteed.Andevencompliantfacilitiesruntheriskofover-radiatingpatients:A2012paperbytheInstituteofMedicinefoundthatmedicalimagingisoneoftheleadingenvironmentalcausesofbreastcancer_____.

1.TheskindamageonJn-Charles’chestwascausedby_____.

2.WhatdoestheauthorwanttoexplainbyexemplifyingJn-Charles?

3.WhatcanbelearntabouttheCTscan?

4.Whatdoestheword“rampup”mean?

5.TheauthorthinksFDA’ssolutiontoreduceradiationexposureis_____.

问题1选项

A.breastcancer

B.advancedtechnology

C.over-radiation

D.treatmentmethods

问题2选项

A.Thereisnoneedtowastesomuchmoneyfortotreatbreastcancer.

B.Untilnow,breastcancerisstillanincurableillnessaroundtheworld.

C.Thereisanincreasingnumberofyoungpeoplesufferingfromcancer.

D.ThereareincidentsofexcessiveirradiationofpatientsinAmerica.

问题3选项

A.Itisadouble-edgedswordinthetermofcancer.

B.Ithasbeenarguedinthemedicalprofession.

C.Itismuchsafertobeusedtotreatbreastcancer.

D.Theradiationdosagescanbecontrolledeasily.

问题4选项

A.Heatup.

B.Drawout.

C.Intensify.

D.Putup.

问题5选项

A.ineffective

B.loose

C.harmful

D.unnecessary

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:D

第3题:A

第4题:C

第5题:A

【解析】1.事实细节题。第一步，精准定位，定位到第二段第一句话Theskinlesionsonherchest,theysaid,hadbeencausednotbyherillnessbutbythemachinethatwassupposedtocureher.The32-year-oldhadreceivednearly30radiotherapysessionbutatthispointitdidn’treallymakesensetocountthem,becauseaprogrammingerrorhadcausedeachinstallmenttodeliveratleastthreetimestheprescribedamountofradiation“他们说：她胸部的皮肤损伤不是因为她的病而是因为应该治好她的机器。这位32岁的患者接受了近30次放疗但在这一点上，没有真正的意义去计算它们，因为一个程序错误导致每个装置提供了至少三倍于规定的辐射量”，第二步，综合理解，由此可知答案选C选项“过度放疗”。

A选项“乳腺癌”，见正确选项解析，可知Ａ选项错误，属于反向干扰；

B选项“先进的科技”，定位到文章第四段第二句话Haveadvancesintechnology,improvedtreatmentmethodsandmorecomprehensivescreeningprotocolsledtosystematic,excessiveirradiationofpatients?“技术的进步、治疗方法的改进和更全面的筛查方案是否导致了对患者的系统性、过度照射？”文章虽然有提到先进技术，但这不是Jn-Charles胸部受伤的原因，这里属于出处错误；

D选项“治疗方法”，见正确选项解析，是因为程序错误导致患者接受了三倍的辐射，所以才造成患者出现灼伤，如果按照规定辐射来可能不会出现这种情况，所以不能选D选项，属于曲解文意。

2.事实细节题。第一步，精准定位，定位到第三段第一句话Jn-Charles,whodiedtwoandahalfyearsafterthismeetingin2005,wouldeventuallycometoexemplifytheemergenceofaccidentalover-radiationinU.S.hospitals.“在这次会议结束两年半后的2005年，Jn-Charles去世了，他最终成为美国医院意外过度辐射的典型例子”，由此可知答案选D选项“在美国也有病人接受过度照射的案例”。

A选项“没有必要浪费这么多钱去治疗乳腺癌”，文章没有提及，属于无中生有，所以不能选；

B选项“到目前为止，乳腺癌在世界范围内仍是一种不治之症”，文章没有提及，属于无中生有，所以不能选；

C选项“越来越多的年轻人患癌症”，文章没有提及，属于无中生有，所以不能选。

3.事实细节题。第一步，精准定位，定位到第五段第二句Forexample,theCTscan,whichhasbecomecommonplaceinresponsetorisingcancerrates,isitselfthoughttoincreasethelikelihoodthatapersondevelopscancer.“例如，CT扫描在应对不断上升的癌症发病率时已变得司空见惯，但它本身被认为会增加一个人患癌症的可能性”，第二步综合理解，从这里可知，在检测是否患癌症时，医生一般会用CT，但是CT会让使用者更容易得癌，所以说CT是把有利有弊的双刃剑，正确答案选A选项“对于癌症来说，这是一把双刃剑”。

B选项“医学界对此一直争论不休”，文章没有提及，属于无中生有，不选；

C选项“用于治疗乳腺癌要安全得多”，定位到第五段倒数第二句话ThescansdeliverseveralhundredtimesmoreradiationthananX-ray—evenwhenguidelinesanddosagesarefollowedprecisely.“这种扫描产生的辐射量是X射线的数百倍——即使严格遵循指导方针和剂量”由此可知C选项错误这里属于反向干扰；

D选项“辐射剂量很容易控制”，虽然这里有提到剂量，但是没有提到剂量是否容易控制，而且文章病例是因为过度辐射而造成的，所以文章暗含着其实剂量不容易控制，这里属于无中生有。

4.词汇推断题。第一步，句中前后信息连接，rampup前面接的是一个机构后面接的是努力，第二步，上下文语义推测，整段的大意是一个令人吃惊的案例发表之后获得很大的关注，然后某机构出来推动限制使用辐射，避免患者过多暴露在辐射中，由上下文意可知，该机构在收到反馈之后是加大自己的努力，从这里可知答案选C选项“增强，强化”。

A选项“加热，升温”，不符合文章意思，属于无中生有；

B选项“拟定，导致”；

D选项“提供；建造”。

5.事实细节题，第一步，精准定位，定位到文章最后一段一二句ButtheFDA’sregulatoryauthorityisgenerallyfocusedonequipmentmanufacturers,andcomplianceonthestatelevelisneverguaranteed.Andevencompliantfacilitiesruntheriskofover-radiatingpatients．．．“但FDA的监管机构一般只关注设备制造商，无法保证州一级的合规。即使是符合规定的医疗机构也有对病人进行过度辐射的风险……”，由此可见作者对FDA所采取的措施有效与否是持否定态度的，所以答案选A选项“无效的”。

B选项“松散的”，文章并没有提及FDA在实施这些措施的时候是否严格，所以B选项不能选，属于无中生有；

C选项“有害的”，文章没有提到有害之处，属于无中生有；

D选项“没必要的”，文章没有提及，属于无中生有。

9.单选题

Mrs.Affluenceiswidelyknownasa______whohasgivenmillionsofdollarstocharityandwhosegenerosityhashelpedcountlesspoorpeople.

问题1选项

A.pauper

B.glutton

C.conformist

D.philanthropist

【答案】D

【解析】【选项释义】

A.pauper穷人，乞丐B.glutton暴食者，贪食者

C.conformist循规蹈矩的人D.philanthropist慈善者，博爱主义者

【答案】D

【考查点】名词辨析。

【解题思路】分析句子可知，who引导的定语从句是修饰空格处的词语，根据从句内容“她捐献了数百万美元给慈善团体，她的慷慨行为已经帮助了无数穷人”可知，空格处填入“慈善家”符合句意。因此，该题选择D项。

【干扰项排除】A、B、C项不符合句意。

10.单选题

MykidstellmethatIam“so20thcentury”,whichtroublesme.Apersonlikestofeelthatheis“withit”,asweusedtosayinthe20thcentury.

SoIhavebeenthinkinghowImightchangemyselfintoatrue21st-centuryman.Clearly,inmyadvancedstateofageIwouldbefoolishtoattemptsomewildleapintothecontemporaryfashion.Andanyway,mydistinctivetasteattractsmuchfavorablecomment.

Butifmyclothingistoocharacteristictochange,perhapsIshoulddosomethingaboutmylifestyle.SolastweekItookmyselftotheNECfortheSmartHomeShowwhichis“theexhibitiondedicatedtoallthelatesttrendsinsmarthometechnology”.Itwasashock.HowcouldIhavelivedforhalfacenturywithoutafingerprint-operatedfrontdoor?(“Neverlockyourselfoutofyourhomeagain!”)Orvacuumcleanersthatsuckduststraightintoadustbin,viaasystemofpipesinyourhousewalls?(Allyouhavetodoisrebuildyourentirehome.)Orautomaticgardensprinklerswhicharesosmartthattheyturnthemselvesoffwhenitstartstorain?Ofcourse,youcouldjustlookoutofthewindow,observethatit’srainingandturnthemoffyourself,butthatwouldbeso20thcentury.

Besides,thosewerejustthesimplerthings.Forthetruesmarthomeowner,aplasma(等离子)TVfireplaceisamust.Atfirstglanceit’sjustanelectricfirewithamantelpiece,butpressyourremoteandagiantTVscreenrisesfromthemantelpiece.“Thieveswon’tevenknowit’sthere,”aspokesmanclaimed.Justaswell.At65,280,itwouldbeapitytohaveitbroken.Buttherealrevolutionhashappenedinthebathroom.Neveragainneedyoufeelcutofffromworldeventsasyougoaboutyourwashing.ForgetthemirrorsthatturnintoTVscreens.They’reoldhat.Thebuzzinbathroomsnowisallaboutheatedtowel-racksthatturnintoTVs.

Enough!Iwasconvinced:Iwantasmarthome.There’sonlyoneproblem:Thecostyouarelookingat£18.000to£25,000foranaveragehome.Hmm.Iwon’tbeenteringthe21stcenturyjustyet,then.

1.Tobe“21stcentury”,theauthordecidedto（）.

2.Theauthor’scommentonthevacuumcleanerimpliesthat（）.

3.Whatisthemostrevolutionarysmarthometechnologyaccordingtotheauthor?

4.TheSmartHomeShow（）.

5.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofbuyingthesmarthomeproducts?

问题1选项

A.movetoanewhouse

B.changethewayhelived

C.improvehisdressingstyle

D.talkinthemosttrendyfashion

问题2选项

A.hebelievedthatitwasuseless

B.hewantedtopurchaseonehimself

C.hehatedtocauseinconvenience

D.hethoughtthatitwasnotworththeeffort

问题3选项

A.TheplasmaTVfireplace.

B.Theautomaticgardensprinkler.

C.MirrorsthatturnintoTVscreens.

D.Heatedtowel-racksthatturnintoTVs.

问题4选项

A.seemedtoogoodtobetrue

B.wasatrueeye-openerfortheauthor

C.leftanegativeimpressionontheauthor

D.appealedlesstothemiddle-andold-aged

问题5选项

A.Hewasinterested,butfoundthemtooexpensive.

B.Hewasfascinated,anddeterminedtobuythem.

C.Hewasn’tattracted,andwouldn’tbuythem.

D.Hewasn’tsure,sohewouldratherwaitandsee.

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:D

第3题:D

第4题:B

第5题:A

【解析】第1题:细节事实题。题干意思是“要变得‘21世纪’，作者决定……”。文章第三段第一句提到Butifmyclothingistoocharacteristictochange,perhapsIshoulddosomethingaboutmylifestyle.（但如果我的服装太有特色而无法改变，也许我应该改变一下我的生活方式），由此可知B项“改变生活方式”符合题意。A项“搬进一个新房子”，文章最后一段提到There’sonlyoneproblem:Thecostyouarelookingat£18.000to£25,000foranaveragehome.（只有一个问题：一套普通住宅的成本大概在1.8万至2.5万英镑之间），由此可知作者搬进一个新房子的可能性不是很大；C项“改善着装风格”，文章作者提到服装太有特色而无法改变，所以C项错误；D项“以最时髦的方式交谈”文章没有提及。故该题选B正确。

第2题:细节推断题。题干意思是“作者对真空吸尘器的评论暗示着……”。根据题干定位到第三段第五句Orvacuumcleanersthatsuckduststraightintoadustbin,viaasystemofpipesinyourhousewalls?(Allyouhavetodoisrebuildyourentirehome.)（真空吸尘器是通过墙壁上的管道系统将灰尘直接吸进垃圾箱吗？你所要做的就是重建你的整个家），由此可知，要安装这个吸尘器还要把房子重新建造一遍，作者认为这个耗时又耗力，所以D项“觉得不值得这么做”符合题意。A项“相信真空吸尘器没有用处”，文章作者没有说这个吸尘器没有用处；B项“想要自己买一个”，内容与原文相反；C项“讨厌制造麻烦”为干扰项，根据原文中的内容，作者不是觉得吸尘器麻烦，而是觉得为了一个吸尘器来重建房子不值得。故该题选D正确。

第3题:细节事实题。题干意思是“作者认为最具革命性的智能家居技术是什么？”。第四段最后两句提到Buttherealrevolutionhashappenedinthebathroom.Neveragainneedyoufeelcutofffromworldeventsasyougoaboutyourwashing.ForgetthemirrorsthatturnintoTVscreens…Thebuzzinbathroomsnowisallaboutheatedtowel-racksthatturnintoTVs.（但真正的革命发生在浴室；当你洗衣服的时候，你再也不需要感觉与世界事件隔绝了；忘掉那些变成电视屏幕的镜子吧；现在浴室里的话题都是加热毛巾架变成电视），由此可知D项“可以变成电视的加热毛巾架”正确；C项“可以变成电视屏幕的镜子”错误；A项“等离子电视壁炉”，根据At65,280,itwouldbeapitytohaveitbroken.（65,280英镑，如果它坏了就太可惜了）可知，作者觉得等离子电视壁炉太贵，A项不选；B项“花园自动洒水器”，第三段最后一句提到Ofcourse,youcouldjustlookoutofthewindow,observethatit’srainingandturnthemoffyourself,butthatwouldbeso20thcentury.（当然，你可以看着窗外，看到正在下雨，然后自己把洒水器关掉，但那是20世纪的事了），由此可知，B项也不正确。故该题选D正确。

第4题:推理判断题。题干意思是“智能家居展……”。第三段第二句提到SolastweekItookmyselftotheNECfortheSmartHomeShowwhichis“theexhibitiondedicatedtoallthelatesttrendsinsmarthometechnology”.Itwasashock.（所以上周我带自己去NEC参加智能家居展，这是一个“致力于智能家居技术最新趋势的展览”，太令人震惊了），接着第四段和第五段都是智能家居展览中的一些智能家居的应用，根据作者对例子的表述和作者的语气可知B项“让作者大开眼界”符合题意。A项“看起来太好以至于不真实”，作者只是提到了很贵，所以A项错误；C项“给作者留下了负面的印象”和D项“对中老年人吸引力较小”内容与原文相反。故该题选B正确。

第5题:观点态度题。题干意思是“作者对购买智能家居产品有什么看法？”。根据文章最后一段Enough!Iwasconvinced:Iwantasmarthome.There’sonlyoneproblem:Thecostyouarelookingat£18.000to£25,000foranaveragehome.（够了！我被说服了：我想要一个智能家居；但只有一个问题：一套普通住宅的成本大概在1.8万至2.5万英镑之间）可知，作者对智能家居很感兴趣，但是价格太昂贵了，所以A项“他很感兴趣，但觉得太贵了”正确。B项“他被迷住了，决定买下它们”和C项“他没有兴趣，也不会买”内容与原文不符；D项“他不能肯定，所以他宁愿等着瞧”，文章中作者没有提到要等着瞧，D项错误。故该题选A正确。

11.单选题

Onewayforwriterstosupportapointisthrough（

）,thatis,bymeansofseveralexamplestobackupanidea.

问题1选项

A.illustration

B.explanation

C.demonstration

D.interpretation

【答案】A

【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项illustration“说明”，有举例说明的意思；B选项explanation“解释”；C选项demonstration“游行示威，证明”；D选项interpretation“解释，说明”。根据severalexamples（几个例子）可知选A。句意：作家支持一个观点的一种方法是通过说明，即通过几个例子来支持一个观点。

12.单选题

ValetaYoung,81,aretireefromLodi,Calif.,suffersfromcongestiveheartfailureandrequiresalmostconstantm