考研考博-英语-合肥工业大学考试押题三合一+答案详解4

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-合肥工业大学考试押题三合一+答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

Inalettertoafriend,GeorgeOrwellwrote,“ItisimpossibletomentionJewsinprint,eitherfavorablyorunfavorably,withoutgettingintotrouble.”Buttherearetimeswhentroublehadbetterbegotintobeforemeretroubleturnsintocatastrophe.Jews,blacks,andhomosexualistsaredespisedbythemajoritiesofEastandWest.Also,asaresultoftheinventionofIsrael,JewscannowcountonthehatredoftheIslamicworld.SinceAmerica’sownChristianmajoritylookstobegettingreadyforgreatadventuresathomeandabroad,Iwouldsuggestthatthethreedespisedminoritiesjoinforcesinordernottobedestroyed.Thisseemsanobviousthingtodo.Unfortunately,mostJewsrefusetoseeanysimilaritybetweentheirspecialsituationandthatofthesame-sexers.Atonelevel,theJewsareperfectlycorrect.Aracialorreligiousortribalidentityisakindoffact.Althoughsexualpreferenceisanevenmorepowerfulfact,itisnotonethatcreatesanyparticularsocialorculturalorreligiousbondbetweenthoseso-minded.AlthoughJewswoulddoubtlessbeJewsiftherewasnoanti-Semitism,same-sexerswouldthinklittleornothingatallabouttheirpreferenceifsocietyignoredit.Sothereisadifferencebetweenthetwoestates.ButthereisnodifferenceinthedegreeofhatredfeltbytheChristianmajorityforChrist-killersandSodomites.IntheGermanconcentrationcamps,Jewsworeyellowstarswhilehomosexualistsworepinktriangles.IwaspresentwhenChristopherIsherwoodtriedtomakethispointtoayoungJewishmovieproducer.“Afterall,”saidIsherwood,“Hitlerkilledsixhundredthousandhomosexuals.”Theyoungmanwasnotimpressed.“ButHitlerkilledsixmillionJews,”hesaidsternly.“Whatareyou?”askedIsherwood.“Inrealestate?”

Likeitornot,Jewsandhomosexualistsareinthesamefragileboat,andonewouldhavetobeprettyobtusenottoseethecommondanger.ButobtusenessisthenameofthegameamongNewYork’snewclass.Harper’sMagazineandCommentaryusuallypublishthesepieces,thoughotherperiodicalsarenotaboveprintingtheoddexposeofthelatesthomosexualconspiracytoturntheUnitedStatesovertotheSovietUnionortostructuralismortoChristianDior.Althoughthenewclass’sthoughtsarenevermuchinthemselves,andtheythemselvesarenomorethanspearcarriersinthepoliticalandculturallifeoftheWest,theirprejudicesandsuperstitionsdoregisterinasubliminalway,makingmephitictheairofManhattanifnotoftheRepublic.

Althoughthekindnessofstrangersismuchsoughtafter,gayliberationhasnotgotmuchsupportfromanyone.NaturalalliesliketheJewsareoftenvirulentintheirattacks.Blacksintheirghettos,Chicanosintheirbarrios,andrednecksintheirpulpitsalsohavebeeninfluencedbythesametribaltaboos.ThatJewsandblacksandChicanosandrednecksallcontributetotheranksofthesame-sexersonlyincreasesthemadness.

Herewiththeburdenof“TheBoysontheBeach”:sincehomosexualistschoosetobethewaytheyareoutofidlehatefulness,ithasbeenamistaketoallowthemtocomeoutoftheclosettotheextentthattheyhave,butnowthattheyareout(whichmostarenot),theywillhavenochoicebuttofaceuptotheiressentialhatefulnessandabnormalityandsobedriventokillthemselveswithpromiscuity,drugs,andsuicide.Noteventheauthorsof“TheProtocolsoftheEldersofZion”eversuggestedthattheJews,whoweresohatefultothem,werealsohatefultothemselves.SoDecterhasmanagedtogoonestepfurtherthantheProtocols’authors;sheisindeedavirtuosoofhate,andthusdopogromsbegin.

1.Theauthorarguesthatakeydifferencebetweenanti-Semitismandhomophobiais

（

）.

2.Inthesecondparagraph,obtusenessisusedtomean

（

）.

3.ThemeaningwearemeanttotakefromtheconversationbetweenChristopherIsherwoodandthefilmproduceris

（

）.

4.Theauthorbelievesthattheargumentsputforthin“TheBoysontheBeach”

（

）.

5.Theauthorarguesthat（

）.

问题1选项

A.anti-semitismcanbeeffectivelystoppedthroughtheuseofHollywoodmovies

B.homophobiadirectlyaffectsmembersofmanydifferentethnicandreligiousgroups

C.anti-semitismisarelicofthe19thcentury

D.homophobiaisprimarilyspreadthroughwrittentexts

问题2选项

A.beingunwillingtounderstandorgraspnewconcepts

B.Jewishdislikeofhomosexuals

C.mentaloremotionaldisability

D.deficitofunderstanding

问题3选项

A.thatJewshavesufferedworsethanhomosexuals

B.thathomosexualsandJewsbothsufferedterriblyundertheNaziregime

C.thatlossofhumanlifemaybeeasilyandmeaningfullyquantified

D.thatHollywoodproducesfilmsthatmeaningfullyexplorestheNazimurderofJewsandhomosexualsalike

问题4选项

A.echothethemesofTheProtocolsoftheEldersofZion

B.aresimilartothoseargumentsheardbefore

C.mayleadtoanorganizedmassacreofaspecificgroup

D.canbemeaningfullyinterpretedthroughthelensoftheJewishexperienceinAmerica

问题5选项

A.homosexualityandJudaismarenecessarilymutuallyexclusive,butbothareindanger

B.homosexualsandJewsshareacommoninterestinjustice

C.“TheBoysontheBeach”,like“TheProtocolsoftheEldersofZion,”isathreattohomosexuals

D.identitygroupsthatarefrequentlydiscriminatedagainstshouldsupporteachother

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:A

第3题:B

第4题:C

第5题:D

【解析】第1题:1.判断推理题。文中第一段说到“Althoughsexualpreferenceisanevenmorepowerfulfact,itisnotonethatcreatesanyparticularsocialorculturalorreligiousbondbetweenthoseso-minded.”尽管性偏好是一个更强大的事实，但它并不能在那些头脑简单的人之间建立起任何特定的社会、文化或宗教纽带。说明与反犹太主义不同的是，恐同症直接影响到许多不同种族和宗教团体的成员，B选项符合题意。

第2题:2.词义题。由关键词定位到第二段第一句“Likeitornot,Jewsandhomosexualistsareinthesamefragileboat,andonewouldhavetobeprettyobtusenottoseethecommondanger.”不管喜欢与否，犹太人和同性恋者都在同一条脆弱的船上，而人们却不得不迟钝地对于这种众所周知的危险视而不见。因此obtuseness在这里表示“故意拒绝接受”，A选项符合题意。

第3题:3.判断推理题。第一段中说到“‘Afterall,’saidIsherwood,Hitlerkilledsixhundredthousandhomosexuals.’Theyoungmanwasnotimpressed.‘ButHitlerkilledsixmillionJews,’hesaidsternly.”可知在纳粹制度下，同性恋者和犹太人都遭受了迫害。B选项符合题意。

第4题:4.观点态度题。最后一段中说到“theywillhavenochoice…sobedriventokillthemselves”,他们别无选择，被迫自杀。并且在最后还说到“SoDecterhasmanagedtogoonestepfurtherthantheProtocols’authors;sheisindeedavirtuosoofhate,andthusdopogromsbegin.”Decter更进了一步，她是真正的仇恨专家，大屠杀就这样开始了。因此C选项“可能导致对特定群体有组织的大屠杀”符合题意。

第5题:5.观点态度题。文章第一段中说到“Jews，blacks,andhomosexualistsaredespisedbythemajoritiesofEastandWest…Iwouldsuggestthatthethreedespisedminoritiesjoinforcesinordernottobedestroyed.”作者认为受到歧视的三者有必要联合起来。因此D选项“经常受到歧视的群体应该互相支持”符合题意。

2.问答题

Manypeopleare(A)naturallydistrustfulofambition,feelingthatitrepresents(B)somethingintractableinhumannature.ThusJohnDeanentitledhisbookabouthisinvolvementintheWatergateaffairduringtheNixonadministrationBlindAmbition,asifambition(C)weretobeblamedforhisignobleactions,andnottheconstellationofqualitiesthat(D)makeuphisrathershabbycharacter.

【答案】C；改成weretoblameforhisignobleactions.toblame用主动形式表被动意义。

3.单选题

Maisiehadalwaysthoughtofherselfasbeingshyand（）,andwassurprisedthatanyoneshouldaskheropinion.

问题1选项

A.stuttering

B.scattering

C.inarticulate

D.inexpressive

【答案】C

【解析】形容词词义解析。stuttering“口吃，结巴”；scattering“分散的”；inarticulate“不善于表达的”；inexpressive“无表情的，无意义的”。句意：梅齐认为她是害羞而且不善表达的人，惊讶的是，竟然有人会问她的意见。选项C符合题意。

4.单选题

Alanisagoodfootballplayerandneverbreaks______.

问题1选项

A.legal

B.regulations

C.limitation

D.agreement

【答案】B

【解析】【试题解析】考查词义辨析。A选项legal“法律的；合法的”；B选项regulations“规则，法规”；C选项limitation“起限制作用的规则（limitationsonimports进口限制）”；D选项agreement“协定，协议”。句意：艾伦是一个优秀的足球运动员，从不违反______。根据语境，这里指的是艾伦从不违反足球比赛的规则，B选项regulations“规则”符合题意。C选项limitation强调的是限制，不符合语境。因此B选项正确。

5.单选题

Aroundtheworld,rumblesofcomplaintaboutglobalizationaregrowinglouder.InEastAsia,thefinancialcrisisof1997leftajaundicedsenseofwhatglobalizationentails,thoughrobusteconomicrecoveryhastemperedthat.Globalization’sstandinghasalsobeenbadlydamagedinLatinAmericabythemeltdownoftheArgentineeconomyin2000andfinancialcrisesinBrazilin1999and2001.NewfearsaboutglobalizationaresurfacinginEuropetoo.InFranceandGermany,workingpeoplelinkglobalizationwithpressurestodismantlethesocialdemocraticstate.

Thesedevelopmentshaveraisedconcernsaboutthedurabilityofglobalizationevenamongitssupporters.InthefinalsectionofhisnewbookGlobalCapitalism:ItsFailandRiseinthe20thCentury，theHarvardprofessorJeffryFrieden—whoisinfavorofglobalization—ruminatesonthepossibilitythattoday’sglobalization,likethatofthe19thcentury,mightfalter.

Itcanbehighlyinstructivetolookbackatwhatsomehistorianscall“thefirstglobalization”.Whenpeopledoso,however,theyoftentendtoidentifyitsendasthebeginningofWorldWarIin1914.Thisiswrong,andleadstomisunderstandingsabouttoday’sglobalization.

ThefirstglobalizationendedwiththeWallStreetcrashof1929andtheensuingGreatDepression.Theworld'sresponsetothecrash,however,wasprofoundlyaffectedbythepoliticalconditionsthatWorldWarIhadcreated.IntheUnitedStates,BritainandFrance,thewarcreatedpoliticalandsocialconditionsthatfosteredaturntosocialdemocracy.InGermany,theonerouseconomicburdensofthe1919TreatyofVersaillesfosteredaturntoNazism.

Thishistoryhasenormoussignificanceforunderstandingtoday'spredicament.Thefirstlessonisthattheeconomiccrisisof1929—notpolitics—broughtdownthefirstglobalization,suggestingthataneconomiccrisis,andnotpolitics,willbringdowntoday’sglobalization.

Thesecondlessonisthatwhilepoliticaldevelopmentsbefore1929didnotcausethecrash,theymatteredenormouslyfortheinternationalresponse.AfterWorldWarI,governmentssubstantiallyrecreatedtheprewareconomicsystem,butthereconstructedsystemdistributedprosperityextremelyunevenly.IntheUnitedStates,wealthandincomeinequalitygrewduringthe"RoaringTwenties".InBritain,theindustrialmidlandsandthenorthsufferedfrompersistentstagnationbecauseofanovervaluedexchangerate.AndprosperitysimplybypassedGermany.

Additionally,therewasapopularturntoisolationisminresponsetothecarnagewroughtbythewar.Theglobaleconomicsystemwasthereforeunpopular,andconsequentlyithadfewdefenderswhenthecrashcame.Thatlessonholdsforthecurrentglobalization,whichisalsounpopularandfeared.

Afterthefirstglobalizationcrashedbecauseofinherentfinancialfragility,theensuingNewDealeracreatedasystemthatremediedthatfragility.TheNewDealeraalsocreatedasocialdemocratic,mass-consumptioneconomyinwhichincomewasmorebroadlysharedbecauseofunionization,minimumwagesandsocialsecurityprovisions.Butsuchaneconomyisexpensiveforindividualcapitalists,givingthemincentivetoevadeitscosts.Thathasbeenadrivingforcebehindglobalizationsince1980,andthatisthecontradictionintoday’ssystem.

1.ThefinancialcriesinBrazilarementionedinthefirstparagraphto（）.

2.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaboutJeffryFrieden?

3.Whydoestheauthoradvocatelookingbackatthefirstglobalization?

4.Whichofthefollowingisthelessonlearntfromthehistoryofthefirstglobalization?

5.Itcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraphthat（）.

问题1选项

A.showthetrendofglobalizationinrecentyears

B.analyzethecausesoffinancialcrisesintheworld

C.illustratehowtoresolvefinancialcrisesintheworld

D.showpeople’snegativeattitudestowardglobalization

问题2选项

A.HeisaprofessorinHarvardUniversity.

B.Hemightbelievethatthedisadvantagesofglobalizationoutweighitsadvantages.

C.HeistheauthorofthebookGlobalCapitalism:ItsFallandRiseinthe20thCentury

D.Hethinksthattoday'sglobalizationmightprobablycrash.

问题3选项

A.Becauseitcanmakeusidentifytheendofthefirstglobalizationcorrectlyandavoidmisunderstanding.

B.BecauseitcanhelpusfindoutthecausesoftheWallStreetcrashof1929.

C.BecauseitcanmakeusunderstandwhythewarfosteredaturntosocialdemocracyinBritain,whileaturntoNazisminGermany.

D.Becauseitcanhelpusunderstandthecurrentglobalizationandgetsomeinstructiveexperience.

问题4选项

A.Itistheeconomiccrisisorinherentfinancialfragilitythatmaycontributetothecrashofglobalization.

B.InBritain,wealthandincomeinequalitygrewduringthe“RoaringTwenties”，whichmatteredforglobalization.

C.AfterWorldWarI,thereconstructedsystemdistributedprosperityextremelyunevenly,whichwasadrivingforcebehindthefirstglobalization.

D.Thefirstglobalizationcrashedbecauseofinherentfinancialfragilityandthefollowingsocialdemocratic,mass-consumptioneconomy.

问题5选项

A.theNewDealcontributedtothecrashofthefirstglobalizationtosomeextent.

B.unionization,minimumwagesandsocialsecurityprovisionscanrelievewealthandincomeinequalitytosomeextent.

C.individualcapitalistswereoptimisticaboutasocialdemocratic,mass-consumptioneconomy

D.since1980,therehasbeenacontroversialtrendaboutglobalization

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:B

第3题:D

第4题:A

第5题:B

【解析】1.推断题。根据文章第一段，“Globalization’sstandinghasalsobeenbadlydamagedinLatinAmericabythemeltdownoftheArgentineeconomyin2000andfinancialcrisesinBrazilin1999and2001.”，可知2000年阿根廷经济的崩溃、1999和2001年巴西的经融危机严重损害了全球化在拉丁美洲的地位。可推断出人们对全球化存在消极的态度。选项D符合题意。

2.细节理解题。根据文章第二段第二句，“InthefinalsectionofhisnewbookGlobalCapitalism:ItsFailandRiseinthe20thCentury,theHarvardprofessorJeffryFrieden—whoisinfavorofglobalization—ruminatesonthepossibilitythattoday'sglobalization,likethatofthe19thcentury,mightfalter.”，从这一段对JeffryFrieden的介绍中可知，他是哈佛大学的教授，选项A可排除。他确实是GlobalCapitalism:ItsFailandRiseinthe20thCentury这一书的作者，选项C可排除。他是支持全球化的，他反复思考了今天的全球化像19世纪全球化那样不景气的可能性，所以他认为今天的全球化也可能会面临崩溃，选项D可排除。所以选项B符合题意。

3.细节理解题。根据文章第三段，“Itcanbehighlyinstructivetolookbackatwhatsomehistorianscall“thefirstglobalization.”，可知，让人们回顾第一次全球化是很有意义的。根据文章第五段，“Thishistoryhasenormoussignificanceforunderstandingtoday'spredicament.”，可知这些历史对于度过今天的困境也有很大的意义。所以回顾第一个全球化有助于我们理解今天的全球化形式并且获得一些有益的经验。选项D符合题意。

4.推断题。根据文章第五段，“Thefirstlessonisthattheeconomiccrisisof1929—notpolitics—broughtdownthefirstglobalization,suggestingthataneconomiccrisis,andnotpolitics,willbringdowntoday’sglobalization.”，可知第一次全球化表明是经济而不是政治击败今天的全球化。根据文章最后一段第一句，“Afterthefirstglobalizationcrashedbecauseofinherentfinancialfragility,theensuingNewDealeracreatedasystemthatremediedthatfragility.”，可知全球化崩溃的原因是金融的脆弱性。综上可推断出经济危机或内在的金融脆弱性可能会导致全球化的崩溃。选项A符合题意。

5.推断题。根据文章最后一段第二句，“TheNewDealeraalsocreatedasocialdemocratic,mass-consumptioneconomyinwhichincomewasmorebroadlysharedbecauseofunionization,minimumwagesandsocialsecurityprovisions.”可知新政时期创造了一个社会民主的大众消费经济，因为公会化、最低工资和社会保障，使得收入分配平均一些。可推断出工会化、最低工资和社会保障规定可以在一定程度上缓解财富和收入不平等。选项B符合题意。

6.单选题

Hewantstostarthisownbusiness,but_______handlingpayroll,governmentcompliance,andbenefitschores.

问题1选项

A.loathe

B.remark

C.uphold

D.systematize

【答案】A

【解析】loathe讨厌，厌恶;remark评论,谈及;uphold支持,赞成;systematize系统化。句意：他想自己创业，但又讨厌处理工资、应对政府法规和处理收益上的琐事。选项A符合句意。

7.单选题

China'spopulationisunevenlydistributed,withthecoastalareasintheeastthemost（

）populated.

问题1选项

A.densely

B.vastly

C.enormously

D.largely

【答案】A

【解析】句意:中国的人口分布不均，东部沿海地区人口最密集。

考查副词辨析。Densely浓密地,稠密地,密集地;vastly极大地,广大地;enormously非常,极其;largely在很大程度上,多半,主要地。空格处形容人口密集,故A符合句意。

8.单选题

（

）lightinghasmadeanimportantcontributiontotheculturaldevelopmentofhumanity.

问题1选项

A.synthetic

B.false

C.imitation

D.artificial

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容词辨析。synthetic意为“人造的；合成的”，强调通过化学作用或化学处理把几种物质复制成与原材料截然不同的新产品；false意为“虚伪的”；imitation意为“仿制品，赝品，模仿”；artificial意为“人工的，人造的”，指模仿天然材料由人工制造的东西。

句意：人工照明为人类文化发展做出了重要贡献。

9.单选题

Weshouldalwayskeepinmindthat（）decisionsoftenleadtobitterregrets.

问题1选项

A.urgent

B.instant

C.prompt

D.hasty

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项urgent“紧急的；急迫的”；B选项instant“立即的；紧急的；紧迫的”；C选项prompt“敏捷的；立刻的；准时的”；D选项hasty“轻率的；匆忙的；懈怠的”。句意：我们应该永远记住，……决定往往导致痛苦的后悔。让自己后悔的应为“轻率的决定”，D选项符合句意。

10.单选题

Whenmakingmoderncameras,peoplebeganto（）plasticsformetal.

问题1选项

A.surround

B.substance

C.stretch

D.substitute

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词辨析。surround“环绕，包围”；substance“物质”；stretch“伸展，拉紧”；substitute“替换，代替”。句意：做现代摄像头时，人们开始用塑料替换金属。D项符合题意。

11.单选题

Avisitortoamuseumtodaywouldnotice（

）changesinthewaymuseumsareoperated.

问题1选项

A.cognitive

B.rigorous

C.conspicuous

D.exclusive

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。cognitive“认知的”；rigorous“严格的，严厉的”；conspicuous“显著的”；exclusive“唯一的，独有的”。句意：如果今天去博物馆参观，就会注意到博物馆的经营方式发生了显著的变化。选项C符合题意。

12.单选题

Johnson'sbusinesssurvivedona（

）relationshipwithonlyafewcustomers.

问题1选项

A.tentative

B.salient

C.lucrative

D.insubstantial

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。tentative“试探性的；暂定的"；salient“显著的；突出的”；lucrative“有利可图的；有利的”；insubstantial“脆弱的；非真实的”。句意：约翰逊的生意靠与仅有的几个顾客的有利可图的关系维持着。选项C符合题意。

13.单选题

Afterfouryearsinthesamejob,hisenthusiasmfinally（）.

问题1选项

A.deteriorated

B.dispersed

C.dissipated

D.drained

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A选项deteriorate“恶化，变坏”；B选项disperse“分散；消散”；C选项dissipate“驱散；放荡”；D选项drain“逐渐消失；流干”。句意：在做同样的工作四年后，他的激情逐渐消失了。根据句意可知D选项正确。

14.单选题

Oneofthequalitiesthatmostpeopleadmireinothersisthewillingnesstoadmitone’smistakes.Itisextremelyhardtosometimestosayasimplethinglike“Iwaswrongaboutthat,”anditisevenhardertosay“Iwaswrong,andyouwererightaboutthat.”

Ihadanexperiencerecentlywithsomeoneadmittingtomethathehadmadeamistakefifteenyearsago.HetoldmehehadbeenthemanagerofacertaingrocerystoreintheneighborhoodwhereIgrewup,andheaskedmeifIrememberedtheeggcartons.ThenherelatedanincidentandIbegantoremembervaguelytheincidenthewasdescribing.

Iwasabouteightyearsoldatthetime,andIhadgoneintothestorewithmymothertodotheweeklygroceryshopping.Onthatparticularday,Imusthavefoundmywaytothedairyfooddepartmentwheretheincidenttookplace.

Theremusthavebeenaspecialsaleoneggsthatdaybecausetherewasanimpressivedisplayofeggsindozenandhalf-dozencartons.Thecartonswerestackedthreeorfourfeethigh.Imusthavestoppedinfrontofadisplaytoadmirethestacks.Justthenawomancamebypushinghergrocerycartandknockedoffthestacksofcartons.Forsomereasons,Idecideditwasuptometoputthedisplaybacktogether,soIwenttowork.

Themanagerheardthenoise,andcamerushingovertoseewhathadhappened.Whenheappeared,Iwasonmykneesinspectingsomeofthecartonstoseeifanyoftheeggswerebroken,buttohimitlookedasthoughIwastheculprit(罪人).Heseverelyreprimandedmeandwantedmetopayforanybrokeneggs.Iprotestedmyinnocenceandtriedtoexplain,butitdidnogood.EventhoughIquicklyforgotallabouttheincident,apparentlythemanagerdidnot.

41.Howoldwastheauthorwhenhewrotethisarticle?

42.Whowastoblameforknockingoffthestacksofcartons?

43.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTTRUE?

44.Whichofthefollowingcanserveasthebesttitleofthepassage?

45.Thetoneofthearticleexpressestheauthor’s（）.

问题1选项

A.About8yearsold

B.About18yearsold

C.About23yearsold

D.About15yearsold

问题2选项

A.Theauthor

B.Themanager

C.Awoman

D.Theauthor’smother

问题3选项

A.Thewomanwhoknockedoffthestacksofcartonswasseriouslycriticizedbythemanager.

B.Theauthorwasseverelycriticizedbythemanager.

C.Awomancarelesslyknockedoffthestacksofcartons.

D.Itwastheauthorwhoputthedisplaybacktogether.

问题4选项

A.ItIsHardertoAdmitOne’sMistake

B.IWasOncetheCulprit

C.IRememberanIncident

D.ACaseofMistakenIdentity

问题5选项

A.angertothemanagerforhiswrongaccusation

B.admirationforthemanager’swillingnesstoadmitmistake

C.indignationagainstthewomanwhoknockedoffthestacksofcartons

D.regretforthemistakehemadeinthestore

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:C

第3题:A

第4题:D

第5题:B

【解析】41.推理判断题。定位在第二段第一句Ihadanexperiencerecentlywithsomeoneadmittingtomethathehadmadeamistakefifteenyearsago.（我最近有一次经历，一个人向我承认他在15年前犯了一个错误。）由本句开始作者开始谈及15年前发生的一件事情。随即我们看到第二段Iwasabouteightyearsoldatthetime.（我那时差不多8岁）作者的那段回忆发生在他8岁的时候，离现在已经过了15年，由此可以推断出作者现在应该在23岁左右。故选C，同理可排除ABD选项。

42.客观细节题。定位在第四段Justthenawomancamebypushinghergrocerycartandknockedoffthestacksofcartons.（就在这时，一个顺道经过的女人，她的购物车撞倒了一堆纸箱）由此可知，纸箱盒是这个女人推倒的。A选项“作者”，B选项“经理”，C选项“女人”，D选项“作者的妈妈”，故选C。

43.推理判断题。定位在第五段Heseverelyreprimandedmeandwantedmetopayforanybrokeneggs.（他严厉地批评了我并且想让我赔付每一个碎了的鸡蛋。）因为作者才是那个被严厉批评的人。所以A选项“那个打翻一叠纸箱的女人受到经理的严厉批评”错误。B选项“作者受到了经理的严厉批评”正确。C选项“一个女人不小心把一叠纸箱撞倒了”正确。原文中Justthenawomancamebypushinghergrocerycartandknockedoffthestacksofcartons.（就在这时，一个顺道经过的女人，她的购物车撞倒了一堆纸箱。）D选项“作者把它们摆放在了展柜上”根据原文Forsomereasons,Idecideditwasuptometoputthedisplaybacktogether,soIwenttowork.（出于某些原因，我决定由我将它们再摆放好，于是我开始了工作。）BCD选项全部正确，故选A。

44.主旨大意题。文章第一句Oneofthequalitiesthatmostpeopleadmireinothersisthewillingnesstoadmitone’smistakes.（令大多数人钦佩另一个人的一个品质就是愿意承认自己的错误。）本文开始讲到了能够积极地承认错误是令人值得钦佩的品质。接下来就主要讲述了作者15年前因为一场误会而被批评的故事。A选项“很难承认自己的错误”，只是一小部分的陈述，不够全面。B选项“我曾是罪魁祸首”，以偏概全。C选项“我记得那次的小插曲”定位在最后一句EventhoughIquicklyforgotallabouttheincident,apparentlythemanagerdidnot.（尽管我很快就把这件事忘得一干二净，但经理显然没有。）所以C不正确。D选项“一个被误解的事例”，是对全文的一个总的概括，由这个事例具体展开，阐述愿意承认错误的优良品质。故选D。

45.推理判断题。文章的第一段第一句，作者就有指出Oneofthequalitiesthatmostpeopleadmireinothersisthewillingnesstoadmitone’smistakes.（令大多数人钦佩另一个人的一个品质就是愿意承认错误。）EventhoughIquicklyforgotallabouttheincident,apparentlythemanagerdidnot.（尽管我很快就把这件事忘得一干二净，但经理显然没有。）隔了15年，那位经理再见到作者的时候还愿意承认自己过去的错误，由此也能够了解到作者对他的这种行为是钦佩的，B选项“赞赏经理愿意承认犯过的错误”正确。A选项“对经理的错误指责感到愤怒”，C选项“对撞倒一堆纸箱的女人表示愤慨”，AC选项在文中并未体现，属于主观猜测。D选项“为他在店里犯下的错误而后悔”，由第一题可知，是经理主动承认错误，作者并没有错。故选B。

15.填空题

ThecommissionhasruledthatthedonationsbyBearwoodCorporateServiceswere“legaland_______”aftera14-monthinvestigation.(permit)

【答案】permissible

【解析】【考查点】形容词。

【解题思路】根据横线前的and，可知legal和横线处表示并列，所以横线处应为形容词，并且意思和legal对应，permissible意思为“（法律或规则）容许的，许可的”，符合语境。

【句意】经过14个月的调查后，委员会裁定认可贝尔斯登公司服务公司捐赠的合法性。

16.单选题

Massmediaasacarrierandavenueofmessage（

）hasmoreandmoreimportantfunctionandforceinmodemsociety.

问题1选项

A.prognosis

B.promulgate

C.proclamation

D.prolongation

【答案】C

【解析】考查名词和动词词义辨析。prognosis预知；promulgate传播；proclamation宣布；prolongation延伸。句意：大众媒体作为信息发布的载体与渠道，在现代社会中发挥着越来越重要的作用。根据句意可知，C项符合题意。

17.单选题

Questions12to15arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

问题1选项

A.Ittendstodwellupontheirjoyousexperiences.

B.Ithastroubleconcentratingafterabraininjury.

C.Itwandersforalmosthalfoftheirwakingtime.

D.Ittendstobeaffectedbytheirnegativefeelings.

问题2选项

A.Tostudytherelationbetweenhealthanddaydreaming.

B.Toseewhydaydreamingimpactswhatoneisdoing.

C.Toobservehowone’smindaffectsone’sbehavior.

D.Tofindhowhappinessrelatestodaydreaming.

问题3选项

A.Itcontributestotheircreativity.

B.Itcontributestoclearthinking.

C.Ithelpsthemtaptheirpotentials.

D.Ithelpsthemmakegooddecisions.

问题4选项

A.Daydreamersdidbetterthannon-daydreamersintaskperformance.

B.Non-daydreamersweremorefocusedontheirtasksthandaydreamers.

C.Thedifferenceinperformancebetweenthetwogroupswasinsignificant.

D.Subjectswithcleargoalsinmindoutperformedthosewithoutcleargoals.

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:D

第3题:A

第4题:A

【解析】PassageTwo

In2014,onein16Americansvisitedthehospitalemergencyroomforhomeinjuries.Oneofthemaincausesoftheseaccidents?Awanderingmind![12]Byoneestimate,peopledaydreamthroughnearlyhalfoftheirwakinghours.

Psychologistshaverecentlyfocusedonthetendencytothinkaboutsomethingotherthanthetaskoneisdoing.[13]Foroneexperiment,researchersdevelopedanapptoanalyzetherelationshipbetweendaydreamingandhappiness.Theyfoundthattheaverageperson’smindwanderedmostfrequently(about65%ofthetime)duringpersonalactivities,suchasbrushingtheirteethandcombingtheirhair.Respondents’mindstendedtowandermorewhentheyfeltupsetratherthanhappy.Theyweremorelikelytowandertowardpleasanttopicsthanunpleasantones.

Howdodaydreamsaffectdaydreamers?Awanderingmindleavesusvulnerablewhendriving.Inonestudy,researchersinterview955peopleinvolvedintrafficaccidents.Themajorityofthemreportedhavingdaydreamjustbeforetheaccident.Yetotherresearchsuggeststhatdaydreaminghasbenefits.Researchershavefoundthatitgivesusachancetothinkaboutourgoalsand[14]italsoseemstoincreasecreativity.Inoneexperiment,145undergraduatescompletedfour“unusualuses”tasks,eachrequiringthemtolistasmanyusesaspossibleforeverydayobject.Afterthefirstpairoftaskswascompleted,onegroupofparticipantswasassignedanundemandingactivityintendedtocausetheirmindstowander.Whenalltheparticipantsproceededtothesecondpairoftasks,[15]thedaydreamersperformed40percentbetterthantheothers.

12.Whatdoesthepassagesayaboutpeople’smind?

【试题答案】C

【试题解析】题目问的是这篇文章提到的关于人的思想的信息。录音开头提到：据估计，人们几乎一半的清醒时间都在幻想（peopledaydreamthroughnearlyhalfoftheirwakinghours），C选项“醒着的时候，几乎有一半的时间都在走神”与之表述一致，因此正确。干扰项是A选项“倾向于沉湎于他们快乐的经历”，录音中提到的是他们更倾向于谈论愉快的话题（pleasanttopics），因此A选项不正确；B选项“大脑受伤后很难集中注意力”和D选项“容易受到负面情绪的影响”在录音中均未提及。

13.Forwhatpurposedidtheresearchersdevelopthenewapp?

【试题答案】D

【试题解析】题目问研究人员开发这款新软件的目的是什么？录音提到，在一项实验中，研究人员开发了一款应用程序来分析幻想和幸福之间的关系（analyzetherelationshipbetweendaydreamingandhappiness），D选项“找出幸福是如何与幻想关联的”是此信息的同义表述，因此正确。A选项“健康与幻想的关系”；B选项“看看为什么幻想会影响一个人的行为”；C选项“观察一个人的思想如何影响他的行为”均不正确。

14.Howdoesdaydreamingbenefitpeopleaccordingtosomeresearchers?

【试题答案】A

【试题解析】题目问根据一些研究者的说法，幻想是怎样使人受益的？录音中也提到了幻想的好处：研究发现，它给了我们思考目标的机会，而且似乎还能提高创造力（increasecreativity），A选项中的contributesto是录音中increase的同义替换，因此A选项正确；B选项“有助于清晰思考”；C选项“帮助他们挖掘潜力”；D选项“有助于他们做出正确的决定”均不正确。

15.Whatwasthefindingoftheexperimentwith145undergraduates?

【试题答案】A

【试题解析】题目问那个有145名本科生参加的实验发现了什么？录音最后提到，当所有参与者进行第二组任务时，“幻想者”的表现比其他人好40%（thedaydreamersperformed40percentbetterthantheothers），由此可知，A选项“幻想者在做任务时的表现优于非幻想者”与之表述一致，因此正确。由上也可排除B选项“非幻想者比幻想者更专注于自己的任务”和C选项“两组之间的表现差异不明显”；而D选项“有