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书山有路勤为径,学海无涯苦作舟!住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-吉林财经大学考试押题三合一+答案详解(图片大小可自由调整)全文为Word可编辑,若为PDF皆为盗版,请谨慎购买!第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

Atthesametime,theFund,UnitedNationsFundforPopulationActivities,workstochangetheparadigmofmasculinitythatallowsfortheresolutionofconflictthroughviolence.

问题1选项

A.model

B.covenant

C.aspiration

D.hurdle

【答案】A

【解析】句意:与此同时,人口基金,即联合国人口活动基金,正在努力改变男子气概的……,这种……允许通过暴力解决冲突。A选项model“模式”;B选项covenant“契约”;C选项aspiration“抱负”;D选项hurdle“障碍”。由句意可知,“模式”更适合本句语境,因此A选项符合题意。

2.不定项选择题

The“standardofliving”ofanycountrymeanstheaverageperson’sshareofthegoodsandserviceswhichthecountryproduces.Acountry’sstandardofliving,therefore,dependsfirstandforemostitscapacitytoproducewealth.“Wealth”inthissenseisnotmoney,forwedonotliveonmoneybutonthingsthatmoneycanbuy:“goods”suchasfood,clothing,and“services”suchastransportandentertainment.

Acountry’scapacitytoproducewealthdependsuponmanyfactors,mostofwhichhaveaneffectononeanother.Wealthdependstoagreatextentuponacountry’snaturalresources,suchascoal,gold,andothermineral,watersupplyandsoon.Someregionsoftheworldarewellsuppliedwithcoalandminerals,andhaveafertilesoilandafavorableclimate;otherregionspossessperhapsonlyoneofthesethings,andsomeregionspossessnoneofthem.TheU.S.Aisoneofthewealthiestregionsoftheworldbecauseshehasvastnaturalresourceswithinherborders,hersoilisfertile,andherclimateisvaried.TheSaharaDesert,ontheotherhand,isoneoftheleastwealthy.

Nexttonaturalresourcescomestheabilitytoturnthemtouse.ChinaisperhapsaswelloffastheU.S.A.innaturalresources,butsufferedformanyyearsfromcivilandexternalwars,andforthisandotherreasonswasunabletodevelopherresources.Soundandstablepoliticalconditions,andfreedomfromforeigninvasion,enableacountrytodevelopitsnaturalresourcespeacefullyandsteadily,andtoproducemorewealththananothercountryequallywellservedbynaturebutlesswellordered.Anotherimportantfactoristhetechnicalefficiencyofacountry’speople.Oldcountriesthathave,throughmanycenturies,trainedupnumerousskilledcraftsmenandtechniciansarebetterplacedtoproducewealththancountrieswhoseworkersarelargelyunskilled.Wealthalsoproduceswealth.Asacountrybecomeswealthier,itspeoplehavealargemarginforsaving,andcanputtheirsavingsintofactoriesandmachineswhichwillhelpworkerstoturnoutmoregoodsintheirworkingday.

1.Acountry’swealthdependsupon(

).

2.Theword“foremost”underlinedmeans(

).

3.Themainideaofthesecondparagraphisthat(

).

4.Thethirdparagraphmentionssomeoftheadvantageswhichonecountrymayhaveoveranotherinmakinguseofitsresources.Howmanysuchadvantagesarementionedinthisparagraph?

5.ThesecondsentenceinParagraph3is(

).

问题1选项

A.itsstandardofliving

B.itsmoney

C.itsabilitytoprovidegoodsandservices

D.itsabilitytoprovidetransportandentertainment

问题2选项

A.mostimportantly

B.firstly

C.largely

D.forthemostpart

问题3选项

A.acountry’swealthdependsonmanyfactors

B.theU.S.Aisoneofthewealthiestcountriesintheworld

C.theSaharaDesertisaverypoorregion

D.naturalresourcesareanimportantfactorinthewealthorpovertyofacountry

问题4选项

A.2

B.3

C.4

D.5

问题5选项

A.themainideaoftheparagraph

B.anexamplesupportingthemainideaoftheparagraph

C.theconclusionoftheparagraph

D.notrelatedtotheparagraph

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:A

第3题:D

第4题:B

第5题:B

【解析】第1题:事实细节题。题干:一个国家的财富取决于……。A选项“生活水平”;B选项“他们的金钱”;C选项“他们提供商品和服务的能力”;D选项“他们提供交通和娱乐的能力”。根据题干定位到第一段最后一句话“Wealth”inthissenseisnotmoney,forwedonotliveonmoneybutonthingsthatmoneycanbuy:“goods”suchasfood,clothing,and“services”suchastransportandentertainment.(在这个意义上,“财富”不是钱,因为我们不是靠钱生活,而是靠钱能买到的东西:“商品”如食物、衣服,“服务”如交通和娱乐),由此,不能选A,答案选C。

第2题:词义推测题。A选项“最重要地”;B选项“第一地”;C选项“大部分地”;D选项“在很大程度上”根据题干定位到第一段第二句Acountry’sstandardofliving,therefore,dependsfirstandforemostitscapacitytoproducewealth.(因此,一个国家的生活水平首先也最重要的是取决于它创造财富的能力。)这里foremost在文中是最重要的意思,所以答案选A。

第3题:主旨大意题。A选项“一个国家的财富取决于很多要素”;B选项“美国是世界上最富有的国家之一”;C选项“撒哈拉沙漠是一个贫穷的地区”;D选项“自然资源是一个国家贫困或者富有的一个重要因素”。第二段的主旨句是第二句话Wealthdependstoagreatextentuponacountry’snaturalresources…(一个国家的财富在很大程度上取决于其自然资源……),后面的句子都是围绕自然资源对一个国家财富的贡献展开的,所以答案选D。其余选项在第二段虽然有提及但是不是主旨句。

第4题:事实细节题。题干第三段提到了一个国家在利用其资源方面可能比另一个国家具有的一些优势。在这一段中提到了很多这样的优点。根据题干定位到第三段倒数第二、三、五句话Soundandstablepoliticalconditions,andfreedomfromforeigninvasion,enableacountrytodevelopitsnaturalresourcespeacefullyandsteadily,andtoproducemorewealththananothercountryequallywellservedbynaturebutlesswellordered.…trainedupnumerousskilledcraftsmenandtechniciansarebetterplacedtoproducewealththancountrieswhoseworkersarelargelyunskilled.Wealthalsoproduceswealth.(良好和稳定的政治条件,以及不受外国入侵的自由,使一个国家能够和平和稳定地开发其自然资源,并比另一个同样受到自然服务但秩序较差的国家创造更多的财富。……培养出大量熟练技工和技术人员的国家比那些工人大多没有技能的国家更有能力创造财富。财富也会产生财富。),稳定的政治环境,熟练的技术,自身的财富积累,第三段列举了这三个原因,所以答案选B。战火或者敌国入侵是政局不稳定的原因。

第5题:判断推理题。A选项“该段的主旨”;B选项“一个支持段落主旨的例子”;C选项“段落的结论”;D选项“与段落无关”。根据文章定位到第三段第二句话ChinaisperhapsaswelloffastheU.S.A.innaturalresources,butsufferedformanyyearsfromcivilandexternalwars,andforthisandotherreasonswasunabletodevelopherresources.(中国也许和美国一样拥有丰富的自然资源,但是遭受了多年的内战和外部战争,由于这个和其他原因,无法开发它的资源)。从句是在描述一个事情所以不可能是主旨或者结论,一个段落中的句子不可能和句子无关,所以答案选B。该句主旨句为Nexttonaturalresourcescomestheabilitytoturnthemtouse.(仅次于自然资源的是利用它们的能力。),紧接着第二句就是中美之间的例子,由此可知这第二句是支持论点的论据。

3.单选题

Theproblemisinherentand()inanydemocracy,butithasbeenmoresevereinoursduringthepastquarter-centurybecauseofthenearuniversaldenigrationofgovernment,politicsandpoliticians.

问题1选项

A.perishable

B.periodical

C.perverse

D.perennial

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容词辨析。perishable“易腐坏的;易毁灭的”;periodical“周期的;定期的”;perverse“堕落的,不正当的”;perennial“多年生的;常年的;长期存在的”。分析句子结构可知,填空处所填词应和前面的inherent“固有的”意思相近,所以选项D最为恰当。句意:任何民主的问题都是固有的,长期存在的,但是在过去二十五年中,由于近年来普遍对政府、政治,还有政治家的诋毁使得这个问题更为严峻。所以选项D正确。

4.单选题

Ijustlearntfrom’'InterculturalEducation"coursethatanEnglishmanseldom()aconversationamongstrangers.

问题1选项

A.breaksdown

B.givesriseto

C.initiates

D.resumes

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词和词组。A选项breakdown表示“分解,发生故障”,B选项giveriseto表示“使发生,引起”,C选项initiates表示“启动,开始”,D选项resume表示“重新开始,重新回到,重新占用”。由句意可知,我刚从“跨文化教育”课程中了解到,英国人很少与陌生人对话。空缺处单词需与conversation构成动宾短语,表示“发起会话”,因此只有initiate最符合语境,故本题正确答案为C选项。

5.翻译题

1.Iftheyoungengineerdidn’thaveallthesequalities,hecouldneverhavedonewhathehasdoneorhavethechanceofsucceedinginwhatheistryingtodo.

2.Cloningdoesn’tnecessarilymakecellsgrowold,andcanevenactasafountainofyouth,sayresearcherswhohavebeeninvestigatingagroupofclonedcalves.

3.Weoftenreachanimpasseinourthinking,atthatmomentwearelookingataproblem,andtryingtosolveitanditseemsthereisadeadend.

4.Thecurriculumofthehighschoolissimilartoconventionalschoolthatprovidepreparationforcollege,completewithEnglish,history,mathandscience,besides,allstudentsarerequiredtotakeperformingartsandsportsandprovideacommunityservice.

5.InthePhilippines,womenwerefoundtocontributeaboutathirdofhouseholds’cashincome,but55percentofhouseholdsupportiftheeconomicvalueoftheiractivitiesathome,suchasgrowingfood,orgatheringhaytofeedthefamilydonkey,isincluded.

【答案】1.如果这位年轻的工程师没有所有这些品质,他就不可能完成他所做的事情,也不可能有机会在他所尝试的事情上取得成功。

2.一直在研究一组克隆小牛的研究人员说,克隆不一定会使细胞衰老,甚至还能起到不老泉的作用。

3.我们经常在思维过程中陷入僵局,当我们看到问题并试图解决时,似乎就会有一个死胡同。

4.这所高中的课程与传统学校的课程类似,都为升入大学做准备,包括英语、历史、数学和科学。但所有的学生都必须选修表演艺术和体育,还要提供社区服务。

5.研究发现,在菲律宾,妇女贡献了家庭现金收入的三分之一,但如果算上家务的经济价值,比如种植粮食或收集干草饲养家中的驴子,则为家庭贡献了55%。

6.单选题

Idon’tknowhowtogetthereeither—perhapswe,dbetter(

)amap.

问题1选项

A.note

B.mark

C.consult

D.draft

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词辨析。note“做笔记”;mark“做标记”;consult“咨询”;draft“做草图”。句意:我也不知道怎么去那里,也许我们最好在地图上标记一下。选项B符合题意。

7.单选题

Youhavenothingto()byrefusingtolistentoouradvice.

问题1选项

A.gain

B.win

C.reach

D.profit

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A选项gain“获得;增加”;B选项win“赢”;C选项reach“达到;延伸”;D选项profit“获利;有益”。句意:你不听我们的建议对你……。由固定搭配Youhavenothingtogain(你没有好处)结合此处语境,A选项正确。

8.单选题

What’shotfor2007amongtheveryrich?A$7.3milliondiamondring.AtriptoTanzaniatohuntwildanimals.Oh,andincomeinequality.

Sure,someleftistbillionaireslikeGeorgeSoroshavebeenrailingagainstinequalityforyears.Butincreasingly,centristandright-wingbillionairesarestartingtoworryaboutincomeinequalityandthefateofthemiddleclass.

InDecember,MortimerZuckermanwroteacolumninU.S.New&WorldReport,whichheowns,“Ournation’scorebargainwiththemiddleclassisdisintegrating,”lamentedthe117th-richestmaninAmerica.“Mostofoureconomicgainshavegonetopeopleattheverytopoftheincomeladder.Averageincomeforahouse-holdofpeopleofworkingage,bycontrast,hasfallenfiveyearsinarow.”Henotedthat“TensofmillionsofAmericansliveinfearthatamajorhealthproblemcanreducethemtobankruptcy.”

WilburRossJr.hasechoedZuckerman’sangeroverthebitterstrugglesfacedbymiddle-classAmericans.“It’sanoutragethatanyAmerican’slifeexpectancyshouldbeshortenedsimplybecausethecompanytheyworkedforwentbankruptandendedhealth-carecoverage,”saidtheformerchairmanoftheInternationalSteelGroup.

What’shappening?TheveryricharejustastrendyasyouandI,andcanbesowhenitcomestopoliticsandpolicy.GiventherecentchangeofcontrolinCongress,thepopularityofmeasureslikeincreasingtheminimumwage,andeffortsbyCalifornian’sgovernortoofferuniversalhealthcare,theseguysdon’tneedtheirownpersonalweathermentoknowwhichwaythewindblows.It’spossiblethatplutocratsareexpressingsolidaritywiththestrugglingmiddleclassaspartofanefforttoinsulatethemselvesfromconfiscatorytaxpolicies.Buttheprospectthatincomeinequalitywillleadtohighertaxesonthewealthydoesn’tkeepplutocratsupatnight.Theycanlivewiththat.

No,whattheyfearwasthatthepoliticalchallengesofsustainingsupportforglobaleconomicintegrationwillbemoredifficultintheUnitedStatesbecauseofwhathashappenedtothedistributionofincomeandeconomicinsecurity.

Inotherwords,ifmiddle-classAmericanscontinuetostrugglefranticallyastheultrawealthygroweverwealthier,itwillbeincreasinglydifficulttomaintainpoliticalsupportforthefreeflowofgoods,services,andcapitalacrossborders.AndwhentheUnitedStatesplacesobstaclesinthewayofforeigninvestorsandforeigngoods,it’slikelytoencouragereciprocalactionabroad.Forpeoplewhobuyandsellcompanies,orwhoallocatecapitaltomarketsallaroundtheworld,that’stherealnightmare.

61.WhatisthecurrenttopicofcommoninterestamongtheveryrichinAmerica?

62.WhatdowelearnfromMortimerZuckerman’slamentation?

63.Fromthefifthparagraphwecanlearnthat______.

64.Whatistherealreasonforplutocratstoexpresssolidaritywiththemiddleclass?

65.WhatmayhappeniftheUnitedStatesplacesobstaclesinthewayofforeigninvestorsandforeigngoods?

问题1选项

A.Thefateoftheultra-wealthypeople.

B.Thedisintegrationofthemiddleclass.

C.Theinequalityinthedistributionofwealth.

D.Theconflictbetweentheleftandtherightwing.

问题2选项

A.Manymiddle-incomefamilieshavefailedtomakeabargainforbetterwelfare.

B.TheAmericaneconomicsystemhascausedmanycompaniestogobankrupt.

C.TheAmericannationisbecomingmoreandmoredivideddespiteitswealth.

D.ThemajorityofAmericansbenefitlittlefromthenation’sgrowingwealth.

问题3选项

A.theveryricharefashion-conscious

B.theveryricharepoliticallysensitive

C.universalhealthcareistobeimplementedthroughoutAmerica

D.Congresshasgainedpopularitybyincreasingtheminimumwage

问题4选项

A.Theywanttoprotectthemselvesfromconfiscatorytaxation.

B.Theyknowthatthemiddleclasscontributemosttosociety.

C.Theywanttogainsupportforglobaleconomicintegration.

D.Theyfeelincreasinglythreatenedbyeconomicinsecurity.

问题5选项

A.Thepricesofimportedgoodswillinevitablysoarbeyondcontrol.

B.Theinvestorswillhavetomakegreateffortstore-allocatecapital.

C.Thewealthywillattempttobuyforeigncompaniesacrossborders.

D.Foreigncountrieswillplacethesameeconomicbarriersinreturn.

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:D

第3题:B

第4题:C

第5题:D

【解析】61.细节事实题。题干意思是“当前美国富人共同感兴趣的话题是什么?”。第二段提到Butincreasingly,centristandright-wingbillionairesarestartingtoworryaboutincomeinequalityandthefateofthemiddleclass.(但越来越多的中间派和右翼亿万富翁开始担心收入不平等和中产阶级的命运),可知当前美国富人共同感兴趣的话题是收入不平等和中产阶级的命运,所以C项“财富分配的不平等”正确。A项“超级富豪的命运”和D项“左翼和右翼之间的冲突”在文中没有提到;B项“中产阶级的解体”太片面,美国富人担心的是国家与中产阶级的核心交易的瓦解。因此,该题选择C项正确。

62.推理判断题。题干意思是“我们从MortimerZuckerman的悲叹中学到了什么?”。根据题干定位到文章第三段,原文提到Mostofoureconomicgainshavegonetopeopleattheverytopoftheincomeladder.Averageincomeforahouse-holdofpeopleofworkingage,bycontrast,hasfallenfiveyearsinarow.(我们的大部分经济收益都流向了收入阶梯最顶端的人;相比之下,工薪阶层家庭的平均收入却连续5年下降),可推断,尽管国家财富增长,但大多流向了收入最顶端的人,大部分的美国人得到的越来越少,故D项“大多数美国人从国家不断增长的财富中获益甚少”正确,由此也可知A项“许多中等收入家庭未能争取到更好的福利”错误;第三段最后一句讲到TensofmillionsofAmericansliveinfearthatamajorhealthproblemcanreducethemtobankruptcy.(数以千万计的美国人生活在恐惧之中,担心一个重大的健康问题就会让他们破产),由此可知B项“美国的经济体制已经导致许多公司破产”表述与原文不符;C项“美国国家变得越来越分裂,尽管它很富有”在该段没有提到。因此,该题选择D项正确。

63.推理判断题。题干意思是“从第五段我们可以了解到……”。第五段第二句提到TheveryricharejustastrendyasyouandI,andcanbesowhenitcomestopoliticsandpolicy.(富人和你我一样适应潮流,在政治和政策方面也可以如此),可以推断,富人在政治和政策方面也非常敏感,故B项“非常富有的人在政治上很敏感”正确。A项“非常富有的人有时尚意识”是文中的一个比较,用来突出富人在政治方面的敏感性,该项不选;由andeffortsbyCalifornian’sgovernortoofferuniversalhealthcare(以及加州州长提供全民医疗保健的努力)这一句可知,C项“全民医疗保健将在整个美国实施”表述错误;D项“国会通过提高最低工资获得了欢迎”,文中只提到了国会提高最低工资等措施的流行,并没有描述它的欢迎程度。因此,该题选择B项正确。

64.细节事实题。题干意思是“富豪们表达与中产阶级团结一致的真正原因是什么?”。根据第六段No,whattheyfearwasthatthepoliticalchallengesofsustainingsupportforglobaleconomicintegrationwillbemoredifficultintheUnitedStatesbecauseofwhathashappenedtothedistributionofincomeandeconomicinsecurity.(不,他们担心的是,由于收入分配不均和经济不安全,美国面临的持续支持全球经济一体化的政治挑战将更加困难)可知,富豪们表达与中产阶级团结一致的真正原因是想得到全球经济一体化的支持,故C项“他们希望获得对全球经济一体化的支持”正确。由第五段最后一句Buttheprospectthatincomeinequalitywillleadtohighertaxesonthewealthydoesn’tkeepplutocratsupatnight.Theycanlivewiththat.(但收入不平等将导致对富人增税的前景不会让富豪们夜不能寐,他们承受得了)可知,A项“他们想保护自己不被没收”和D项“他们感到越来越受到经济不安全感的威胁”不符合原文;B项“他们知道中产阶级对社会贡献最大”在文中没有提及。因此,该题选择C项正确。

65.细节事实题。题干意思是“如果美国对外国投资者和外国商品设置障碍,会发生什么?”。由最后一段倒数第二句AndwhentheUnitedStatesplacesobstaclesinthewayofforeigninvestorsandforeigngoods,it’slikelytoencouragereciprocalactionabroad.(当美国为外国投资者和外国商品设置障碍时,很可能会鼓励国外的对等行动)可知,如果美国对外国投资者和外国商品设置障碍,其他国家也会采取相应的措施,故D项“外国将设置同样的经济壁垒作为回报”正确。A项“进口商品的价格将不可避免地飙升到无法控制的程度”、B项“投资者将不得不做出巨大的努力来重新配置资本”和C项“富人将试图跨越国界购买外国公司”在文中都未提及。因此,该题选择D项正确。

9.单选题

Duetohisrecentfailuretomeetthedeadline,Jasonis()fromthelistforpromotion.

问题1选项

A.eliminated

B.retreated

C.pried

D.wrenched

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项eliminated“消除”;B选项retreated“撤退”;C选项pried“撬动”;D选项wrenched“猛扭”。句意:由于最近未能按时完成任务,贾森被从晋升名单上除名了。本句表示从名单上除名。因此A选项正确。

10.翻译题

Whileitistruethatlivingorganismsareprofoundlyaffectedbytheirenvironment,itisequallyimportanttorememberthatmanyorganismsarealsocapableofalteringtheirhabitatsignificantly,sometimeslimitingtheirowngrowth.Theinfluenceofthebiologicalcomponentofanecosystemisoftengreaterinfreshwatersthaninmarineorterrestrialsystems,becauseofthesmallsizeofmanyfreshwaterbodies.Manyoftheimportanteffectsoforganismsarerelatedtotheirphysiology,especiallygrowthandrespiration.Bytheirgrowthmanyspeciescandepleteessentialnutrientswithinthesystem,thuslimitingtheirowngrowthorthatofotherspecies.

【答案】尽管确实环境对生物有巨大影响,但是同样重要的是,我们要记住很多生物也能有能力去改变它们的居住环境,有时甚至限制了自身的生长。由于许多淡水水体的体积较小,淡水生态系统的生物成分的影响往往比海洋或陆地系统的影响大。生物的很多重要影响都与它们的生理有关,特别是与生长和呼吸有关。由于自身的生长,很多物种耗尽了系统中的基本营养物质,从而限制了自身的生长或者其它物种的生长。

11.单选题

Acompleteinvestigationintothecausesoftheaccidentshouldleadtoimprovedstandardsandshould()newoperatingprocedures.

问题1选项

A.resultin

B.matchwith

C.subjectto

D.proceedwith

【答案】A

【解析】句意:彻底调查这个事故的原因,应该会提高标准,而且带来新的操作程序。

考查短语辨析。resultin导致,带来;matchwith使…较量,与…相配,使与…一致;subjectto使服从,使遭受;受……管制;proceedwith继续进行。因此A符合句意。

12.单选题

Contrarytowhatmanypeoplebelieve,highlyintelligentchildrenarenotnecessarilydestinedforacademicsuccess.Infact,so-calledgiftedstudentsmayfailtodowellbecausetheyareunusuallysmart.Ensuringthatagiftedchildreacheshisorherpotentialrequiresanunderstandingofwhatcangowrongandhowtosatisfytheunusuallearningrequirementsofextremelybrightyoungpeople.

Onecommonproblemgiftedkidsfaceisthatthey,andthosearoundthem,placetoomuchimportanceonbeingsmart.Suchanemphasiscanbreedabeliefthatbrightpeopledonothavetoworkhardtodowell.Althoughsmartkidsmaynotneedtoworkhardinthelowergrades,whentheworkiseasy,theymaystruggleandperformpoorlywhentheworkgetsharderbecausetheydonotmaketheefforttolearn.Ifthescholasticachievementofhighlyintelligentchildrenremainsbelowaverageforanextendedperiod,manyteacherswillfailtorecognizetheirpotential.Asaresult,suchstudentsmaynotgettheencouragementtheyneed,furtherdepressingtheirdesiretolearn.Theymayfallfarbehindintheirschoolworkandevendevelopbehaviorproblems.

IQisjustoneingredientamongmanyintherecipeforsuccess—ChildrenthriveorstruggleinschoolforahostofreasonsapartfromIQ.Theseincludemotivationandpersistence,socialcompetence,andthesupportoffamily,educatorsandfriends.Emphasizingtheimportanceofpersistenceandhardwork,forexample,willhelpachildavoidthelazinesstrap.Giftedchildrenalsoneedintellectualchallenges—toteachthemhowtoworkhard.

Becausehighlygiftedchildrensolvethemostvariedthoughtproblemsfasterandmorethoroughlythanthosewithmoreaverageaptitudesdo,theyneedadditionalintellectualstimulationwhiletheywaitfortherestofthekidstolearnthebasics.Twocentralapproachesareusedtosatisfytheeducationalneedsofsuchchildren:accelerationandenrichment.Accelerationmeansstudyingmaterialthatispartofthestandardcurriculumforolderstudents.Enrichmentinvolveslearninginformationthatfallsoutsidetheusualcurriculum.

Achildmightskiponeormoregradesasawayofacceleratinginschool.Butbeingwitholderchildrenfortheentireschoolday—andperhapsforgrade-basedextracurricularactivitiessuchassports—canmakeachildfeelinferiorineveryrealmoutsideofacademics.Oneverybrightfourth-graderwhohadskippedtwogradesremainedfaraheadofhisclassmatesintellectually,butashisclassmatesreachedpuberty,hissocialandothershortcomingsbecamepainfullyapparent.Whileaccelerationisnotanoption,ornotagoodone,enrichmentcanbe.Afterall,schoolisnotaracebutanadventureinlearning.Assuch,thegoalisnotfinishingfirstbutabsorbingasmuchknowledgeaspossibleinthetimeallotted.Thus,providingopportunitiesforachildtostudytopicsoutsidetheregularcurriculumcanbeatleastasvaluableaspushinghimorherthroughtherequiredmaterialfaster.

1.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingbelongstoenrichmentactivitiesfortalentedchildren?

2.Whatmakesthebasicreasonforthescholasticachievementofhighlyintelligentchildrenbeingbelowaverageforanextendedperiod?

3.Theexampleoftheverybrightfourth-gradermentionedinthelastparagraphshowsthattheauthorbelieves______.

4.Whichofthefollowingconclusionsdoyouthinkisinconformitywiththeauthor’sidea?

5.Inthisarticle,theauthorisintendedto______.

问题1选项

A.Skippingoneofmoregradesandstudyingtogetherwitholderchildren.

B.Learningthesamematerialinthestandardcurriculumforolderstudents.

C.Learninginformationthatisnotincludedintheregularcurriculum.

D.Learninghowtoreadwithfluencyevenintheirpre-schooldays.

问题2选项

A.Teachers’failuretorecognizetheirpotential.

B.Toomuchemphasisonbeingintelligentbythemselvesandthoseroundthem.

C.Notworkinghardenough.

D.Lackofencouragementfromteachers.

问题3选项

A.accelerationistheonlyalternativechoiceforintelligentchildren

B.accelerationisnotagoodchoiceforsmartchildren

C.accelerationisagoodalternativeforgiftedkids

D.accelerationismorepracticalthanenrichment

问题4选项

A.Heisinfavorofenrichmentratherthanacceleration.

B.Heisinfavorofaccelerationratherthanenrichment.

C.Hespeakshighlyofbothenrichmentandacceleration.

D.Hethinksneitherenrichmentnoraccelerationisagoodchoice.

问题5选项

A.pointoutthedefectsofaccelerationforgiftedchildren

B.compareaccelerationwithenrichmentforgiftedchildren

C.stresstheimportanceofenrichmentforgiftedchildren

D.discusshowtobringoutgiftedchildren’spotential

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:B

第3题:B

第4题:A

第5题:D

【解析】1.客观细节题。由题干可以定位到文章第四段后半部分Enrichmentinvolveslearninginformationthatfallsoutsidetheusualcurriculum.(充实包括学习常规课程之外的信息。),说明学习常规课程之外的信息属于为有天赋的孩子开展的充实活动。因此C选项“学习常规课程中没有包括的信息”正确。A选项“跳过一个或多个年级,与大孩子一起学习”,B选项“在高年级学生的标准课程中学习同样的内容。”,D选项“甚至在学前时期就学习如何流畅地阅读”属于加速的方法,所以A,B,D错误。

2.客观细节题。由题干可以定位到文章第二段第一句Onecommonproblemgiftedkidsfaceisthatthey,andthosearoundthem,placetoomuchimportanceonbeingsmart.(有天赋的孩子们面临的一个常见问题是,他们和他们周围的人都过于重视聪明。),说明有天赋的孩子和他们周围的人过于强调聪明,会造成聪明的人不需要努力工作就能做好的错误想法,长久以来,他们就会落后于别人。因此B选项“自己和周围的人过于强调他们的聪明”正确。A选项“教师没有认识到他们的潜力”,C选项“不够努力工作”,D选项“缺乏来自老师的鼓励”均不是最根本的原因,所以A,C,D错误。

3.推理判断题。由题干可以定位到文章最后一段第三句Oneverybrightfourth-graderwhohadskippedtwogradesremainedfaraheadofhisclassmatesintellectually,butashisclassmatesreachedpuberty,hissocialandothershortcomingsbecamepainfullyapparent.(一个非常聪明的四年级学生跳了两个年级,在智力上仍然远远领先于他的同学,但当他的同学进入青春期时,他的社交和其他缺点变得非常明显。),说明作者认为加速的方法会带来不好的影响,不利于孩子的成长。因此B选项“加速不是聪明孩子的好选择”正确。A选项“加速是聪明孩子的唯一选择”,由原文可知,有加速和充实两种方法,所以A错误。C选项“加速是有天赋的孩子的一个好选择”,D选项“加速比充实更实用”,由原文可知,作者认为加速没有充实的方法好,所以C,D错误。

4.推理判断题。由题干可以定位到文章最后一段第四句Whileaccelerationisnotanoption,ornotagoodone,enrichmentcanbe.(虽然加速不是一个选择,或者说不是一个好的选择,但充实可以是。),说明作者反对加速的方法,赞同充实的方法。因此A选项“他赞成充实而不是加速”正确。B选项“他赞成加速而不是充实”,C选项“他对充实和加速都给予高度评价”,D选项“他认为充实和加速都不是一个好的选择”均和原文表述的意思相反,所以B,C,D错误。

5.主旨大意题。文章开头首先提出有天赋的孩子面临的问题,接着阐述了成功除了智力之外还有其他的因素,接着介绍了两种满足有天赋的孩子需求的教育方法——加速和充实,分析两者的利弊,最后得出结论,充实的方法比加速的方法更好。因此D选项“讨论如何发挥有天赋的孩子的潜力”符合文章主旨,是本文的写作目的。A选项“指出加速训练对有天赋的孩子的缺陷”,B选项“比较加速和充实对有天赋的孩子的影响”,C选项“强调充实教学内容对有天赋的孩子的重要性”都只是文章的某一个方面,不能全面概括文章主旨,所以A,B,C错误。

13.单选题

13.

问题1选项

A.Youmayfindmanyofthemonthebookseller’shelves.

B.Youcanbuyitfromalmosteverybookstore.

C.It’saverypopularmagazine.

D.Itdoesn’tsellverywell.

【答案】C

【解析】M:HaveyouheardofthemagazineTheWorldofEnglish?

W:Ofcourse.ItisoneofmanyEnglishmagazinesthatarenowflyingoffbooksellershelves.

Q:WhatdoesthewomanimplyaboutTheWorldofEnglish?

【解析】固定词组。女士说:ItisoneofmanyEnglishmagazinesthatarenowflyingoffbooksellershelves,即WorldofEnglish是热销英语杂志之一。

14.单选题

Duanejumpedintothepoolimmediatelyafterlunch,determinedto______theideathatonemustwait30minutesbetweeneatingandswimming.

问题1选项

A.concede

B.debunk

C.placate

D.dupe

【答案】B

【解析】【选项释义】

A.concede承认,让步B.debunk批判,驳斥,揭穿……的真相

C.placate抚慰,使和解D.dupe欺骗,愚弄

【答案】B

【考查点】动词辨析。

【解题思路】根据后面的同位语从句内容“一个人必须在吃饭后30分钟才能游泳”,结合主句意思“杜安饭后立即跳进游泳池”可知,______theidea表示的是“反驳这个说法”。因此,该题选择B项符合句意。

【干扰项排除】A、C、D项不符合句意。

【句意】杜安饭后立即跳进游泳池,决心要反驳这个说法,即一个人必须在吃饭后30分钟才能游泳。

15.单选题

Thetranslatormusthaveanexcellent,up-to-dateknowledgeofhissourcelanguages,fullfacilityinthehandlingofhistargetlanguage,whichwillbehismothertongueorlanguageofhabitual(1)andaknowledgeandunderstandingofthelatestsubject-matterinhisfieldofspecialization.Thisis,asit(2),hisprofessionalequipment(素养).(3)this,itisdesirablethatheshouldhaveaninquiringmind,wideinterests,agoodmemoryandtheabilitytograspquicklythebasic(4)ofnewdevelopments.Heshouldbewillingtowork(5)hisown,oftenathighspeeds,butshouldbehumbleenoughtoconsultothers(6)hisownknowledgenotalwaysproveadequatetothetaskinhand.Heshouldbeabletotypefairlyquicklyandaccuratelyand,ifheisworkingmainlyforpublication,shouldhavemorethananodding(7)withprintingtechniquesandproof-reading.Ifheisworkingbasically.(8)aninformationtranslator,letussay,foranindustrialcompany,heshouldhavetheflexibilityofmindtoenablehimto(9)rapidlyfromonesourcelanguagetoanother,aswellasfromonesubject-mattertoanother,(10)thisabilityisfrequently(11)ofhiminsuchwork.Bearinginmindthenatureofthetranslator'swork,i.e.theprocessingofthewrittenword,itis,strictlyspeaking,(12)thatheshouldbetospeakthelanguagesheisdealingwith.Ifhedoesspeakthem,itisanadvantage(13)ahindrance(障碍),butthisskillisinmanywaysaluxurythathecan(14)with.Itis,(15),desirable(16)heshouldhaveanapproximateideaaboutthepronunciationofhissourcelanguagesevenifthisisrestrictedto(17)howpropernamesandplacenamesarepronounced.Thesame(18)toanabilitytowritehissourcelanguages.Ifhecan,wellandgood;ifhecannot,itdoesnot(19).Therearemanyotherskillsand(20)thataredesirableinatranslator.

问题1选项

A.use

B.usage

C.utility

D.application

问题2选项

A.shouldbe

B.wouldbe

C.was

D.were

问题3选项

A.Becauseof

B.Morethan

C.Exceptfor

D.Inadditionto

问题4选项

A.truth

B.reason

C.theory

D.principle

问题5选项

A.for

B.on

C.by

D.of

问题6选项

A.because

B.when

C.should

D.if

问题7选项

A.skill

B.knowledge

C.acquaintance

D.familiarity

问题8选项

A.as

B.out

C.for

D.with

问题9选项

A.transform

B.change

C.turn

D.switch

问题10选项

A.while

B.since

C.though

D.therefore

问题11选项

A.required

B.lacked

C.faced

D.confronted

问题12选项

A.advantageous

B.essential

C.unnecessary

D.useless

问题13选项

A.over

B.ratherthan

C.despite

D.instead

问题14选项

A.deal

B.concern

C.work

D.doaway

问题15选项

A.consequently

B.accordingly

C.thus

D.however

问题16选项

A.and

B.if

C.that

D.when

问题17选项

A.knowing

B.havingknown

C.know

D.haveknown

问题18选项

A.amounts

B.comes

C.refers

D.applies

问题19选项

A.matter

B.mind

C.harm

D.work

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