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书山有路勤为径,学海无涯苦作舟!住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-四川应用技术职业学院考试押题三合一+答案详解(图片大小可自由调整)全文为Word可编辑,若为PDF皆为盗版,请谨慎购买!第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

Withaneighty-hourweekandlittleenjoyment,lifemusthavebeenvery()forthenineteenth-centuryfactoryworkers.

问题1选项

A.hostile

B.anxious

C.tedious

D.obscure

【答案】C

【解析】形容词词义辨析。hostile敌对的;anxious焦虑的;tedious单调乏味的,沉闷的;obscure模糊的,隐蔽的。句意:对于19世纪的工厂工人来说,一周工作80个小时,几乎没有什么乐趣,生活一定很乏味。选项C更符合句意。

2.单选题

TheRedCrossappealedtophilanthropytosavealifeofaprisoner.

问题1选项

A.public

B.charity

C.justice

D.attorney

【答案】B

【解析】考查同义名词辨析。A选项public“公众,社会,公共场所”;B选项charity“慈善,慈善团体”;C选项justice“司法,法律制裁,正义”;D选项attorney“律师,代理人,检察官”。句意:红十字会呼吁慈善事业来拯救一名囚犯的生命。Philanthropy“慈善;慈善事业”,B选项与该单词意思最相近,因此B选项正确。

3.填空题

Duringthepasttenorfifteenyearsagreatdealofattentionhasbeen(1)to“tellingitlikeitis,”“or“lettingitallhangout.”Myimpressionisthatthisoverzealousdevotiontospeakingone’smindhasmoreoftenledtohurtfeelingsandruinedrelationshipsthantogreatjoyandfulfillment.

Ithinkwegenerallyagreethatneverexpressingrealfeelingsandrepressingallless-than-lovelythoughtsabouteachother

(2)

leadstoconstructivecommunication.It’sagreatrelieftoallowourselvestheluxuryofacknowledgingourhumanfrailtiesandpursuingmorehonestrelationshipswithothers.Butweneedtostrikea

(3)

betweentellingitallandtellingnothing.

RecentlyIreceivedaletterfromamotherwhohadbeenpersuadedbyhertroubledtwenty-five-year-oldsontoattendaweekendmarathonwithhim.Underpressurefromthegroup,herdefensescollapsedandsheheardherselftellinghersonforthefirsttimethathehadbeenanaccident—thatshehadn’tbeenplanningtohaveachild.Hein

(4)

toldherthathecouldn’trecallasingledayinhischildhoodthathe’dbeenhappy.

“Atthattime,”thiswomanwrote,“itseemedhelpful.Wecriedandwemade

(5)

;Ithoughttellingthetruthhadbeengoodforus.Butthetroubleis,itwasn’tthewholetruth.BythetimeTommywasbornIdidwanthim,andat

(6)

hewashappy.Eversincethatday,we’vebothbeenhauntedbysometerriblefeelingsweshared.”ImustadmitthatI’vecometotheconclusionthatsomethingsarebetterleftunsaid.Honestyisafinepolicyas

(7)

asweknowwhatthetruthreallyis—butmostofthetimewedon’t.It’safinegoaltoencouragechildrentoexpresstheirrealfeelings.Andmanymarriageshavebeensavedbyanopenconfrontationofdeepandpainfulmisunderstandings.Butweneedanewsenseofbalance.Disclosureisnotapanaceaforeveryproblem

(8)

evenanendinitself.It’susefulandfreeingundersomecircumstancesandterriblyhurtfulanddamagingunderothers.

It’sagoodidea,Ithink,to

(9)

yourtonguefortenorfifteenminutesbeforesayingwhat’s

(10)

yourmind.Trytodecidewhetherit’sgoingtoopenupnewandbetteravenuesofcommunicationorleavewoundsthatmayneverheal.

【答案】1.考查固定搭配。attention一般与give相搭配,此处表示被动,用被动语态given。

试题答案:given

2.考查上下文语义。此处表示从不表达真实的感情很取得有效的沟通,故用否定形式hardly,意为“几乎不”。

试题答案:hardly

3.考查上下文语义。此句意为:但我们需要在说出这一切和什么都不说之间取得平衡。strikeabalance意为“达成平衡,调和折衷”。

试题答案:balance

4.考查介词搭配。inturn意为“反过来”。

试题答案:turn

5.考查固定搭配。makeup意为“和解,和好”。

试题答案:up

6.考查固定搭配。attimes意为“有时”。

试题答案:times

7.考查固定搭配。aslongas意为“只要”。

试题答案:long

8.考查固定搭配。nor意为“也不”,not...nor意为“不……也不”,表示否定两者。

试题答案:nor

9.考查固定搭配。biteone’stongue意为“忍住不说话”。

试题答案:bite

10.考查固定搭配。onone’smind意为“使人担心,惦记”。

试题答案:on

4.单选题

Forthemostpart,blacksportsmenacceptthattheyhaveadvantages,inanunspecifiedway,overtheirwhite(

).

问题1选项

A.supervisors

B.subordinate

C.counterparts

D.correspondents

【答案】C

【解析】考察名词辨析。supervisors监督人,检查人;subordinates下属;counterparts相似的人或物,对方;correspondents通信员。句意:大多数情况下,黑人运动员承认他们以某种不明确的方式优越于白人运动员。选项C符合句意。

5.单选题

Timeforanotherglobal-competitivenessalert.IntheThirdInternationalMathematicsandSciencestudy-whichlastyeartestedahalf-millionstudentsin41countries—Americaneighthgraders(1)belowtheworldaverageinmath.Andthat'snoteven

(2)

part.Considerthisasyoutryto

(3)

whichcountrieswilldominatethetechnologymarketsofthe21stcentury:top10percentofAmerica'smathstudentsscoredaboutthesameastheaveragekidintheglobal

(4)

,Singapore.

Itisn'texactlyanewsflashthesedays

(5)

Americansscorebehindthecurveoninternationaltests.Buteducatorssaythisstudy

(6)

becauseitmonitoredVariablesbothinsideandoutsidetheclassroom.Laziness—thefactoroften

(7)forAmericanspoorperformance—isnottheculprithere.Americanstudents

(8)

spendmoretimeinclassthanpupilsinJapanandGermany.

(9)

,theygetmorehomeworkandwatchthesameamountofTV.Theproblem,educatorssayisnotthekidsbutthecurriculumthatistoo

(10)

.ThestudyfoundthatlessonsforU.S.eighthgraderscontainedtopicsmasteredbyseventhgradersinothercountries.

TeachersactuallyagreetheAmericansneedto

(11)

theirkidstomoresophisticatedmathearlier.Unfortunately,expertssay,theteachersdon'trecognizethat

(12)

theseconceptsaretaughtisasimportantastheconceptsthemselves.Mosteducatorsrely

(13)

ontextbooksandrotelearning.Whilemanytextbookscover

(14)

ideas,mostdososuperficially,

(15)

studentswiththe,techniquesbutnotthemastery,ofthebroaderprinciples.

问题1选项

A.recorded

B.scored

C.gained

D.climbed

问题2选项

A.theleast

B.theless

C.theworst

D.theworse

问题3选项

A.carryout

B.figureout

C.countup

D.showup

问题4选项

A.village

B.leader

C.friend

D.country

问题5选项

A.what

B.where

C.when

D.which

问题6选项

A.ineffective

B.comparable

C.important

D.delighted

问题7选项

A.ignored

B.viewed

C.exaggerated

D.blamed

问题8选项

A.vastly

B.accurately

C.actually

D.merely

问题9选项

A.Asisknown

B.Tobeginwith

C.Notonlythat

D.Evenso

问题10选项

A.small

B.short

C.easy

D.poor

问题11选项

A.relate

B.expose

C.lead

D.instruct

问题12选项

A.where

B.why

C.how

D.whether

问题13选项

A.hard

B.exclusively

C.intentionally

D.consequently

问题14选项

A.advanced

B.colorful

C.controversial

D.ambitious

问题15选项

A.carrying

B.expecting

C.leaving

D.shaping

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:C

第3题:B

第4题:B

第5题:C

第6题:C

第7题:D

第8题:C

第9题:C

第10题:C

第11题:B

第12题:C

第13题:B

第14题:A

第15题:C

【解析】(1)考查动词辨析。record意为“记录,记载”;score意为“得分”;gain意为“获得”;climb意为“攀登”。由testedahalf-millionstudentsin41countries—Americaneighthgraders26belowtheworldaverageinmath.(在41个国家测试了50万学生,美国八年级学生的数学……低于全球平均水平)可知B选项最为恰当。

(2)考查逻辑关系。根据前句可知美国学生的数学成绩很差以及空格后面的top10percentofAmerica'smathstudentsscoredaboutthesameastheaveragekidintheglobal(前10%的美国数学系学生的得分与全球平均水平相当),可知theworst(最差的,最糟糕的)符合逻辑,此处表示“这一点还不是最糟糕的”。

(3)考查词组辨析。carryout意为“实施,执”;figureout意为“理解,弄清”;countup意为“计算总数”;showup意为“出现,揭露”。此处表示“弄清楚哪个国家在21世纪的技术市场占主导地位”,因此选B。

(4)考查逻辑关系。Singapore是theglobal____的同位语,由前面的whichcountrieswilldominatethetechnologymarketsofthe21stcentury(哪个国家在21世纪的技术市场占主导地位)可知leader(领导者,领袖)符合逻辑,指新加坡在数学上属于全球领先地位。

(5)考查定语从从句。空格处前后为两个完整的句子,用关系副词引导定语从句,先行词为表示时间的theredays,因此用when引导定语从句并在从句中作时间状语。

(6)考查形容词辨析。ineffective意为“无效果的”;comparable意为“可比较的”;important意为“重要的”;delighted意为“高兴的,愉快的”。此处表示“这项调查很重要”,因此选C。

(7)考查动词辨析。空格处为过问分词作定语修饰thefactor。ignore意为“忽视”;view意为“观看,查看”;exaggerate意为“夸张,夸大”;blame意为“把……归咎于,责怪”。此处表示“对美国学生表现不佳的原因进行指责”,因此选D。

(8)考查副词辨析。vastly意为“极大地”;accurately意为“正确无误地,准确地”;actually意为“实际上”;merely意为“仅仅,只不过”。由前面的Lazinessisnottheculprithere.(懒惰不是罪魁祸首),可知美国小学生实际上念书的时间比日本和德国都要长更符合语境,因此选C。

(9)考查逻辑关系。asisknown意为“众所周知”;tobeginwith意为“首先,起初;notonlythat意为“不仅如此”;evenso意为“虽然如此,即使如此”。由前面可知美国学生在课堂花的时间比德国和日本小孩要多,以及空格后的theygetmorehomework(他们有更多的家庭作业)可知此处表示递减关系,因此选C。

(10)考查逻辑关系。由后面句子ThestudyfoundthatlessonsforU.S.eighthgraderscontainedtopicsmasteredbyseventhgradersinothercountries.(这项研究发现,美国八年级学生的课程中包含了其他国家七年级学生掌握的课程)以及前句“教育工作者说,问题不在于孩子,而在于课程太……了”,可知easy(容易的)符合逻辑。

(11)考查动词辨析。relate意为“(把……)联系起来”;expose意为“暴露,显露,使面临”;lead意为“代领,领路”,leadto意为“导致”;instruct意为“指示,命令”。此处表示“教事实上,老师们也同意美国人需要更早地给他们的孩子接触更高的数学水平”,因此选B。

(12)考查名词性从句。此处表示“专家认为这种理念和如何教这些概念一样重要”,因此用how引导主语从句。

(13)考查副词辨析。空格处为副词修饰动词relyon。hard意为“努力地,费力地”;exclusively意为“排他地,独占地,完全地”;intentionally意为“有意地,故意地”;consequently意为“因此,所以”。此处表示“很多专家只信赖教科书和死记硬背”,因此选B。

(14)考查形容词辨析。advanced意为“先进的,高级的”;colorful意为“鲜艳的”;controversial意为“有争议的,引起争议的”;ambitious意为“有雄心的,有野心的”。由句中的while可知前后是转折关系,与superficially(浅薄地,肤浅地)相对的是advanced,因此选A。

(15)考查动词辨析。空格处为现在分词担当伴随状语。carry意为“运送,携带”;expect意为“期望”;leave意为“离开,丢弃”;shape意为“塑造”。此处表示“给学生留下的只是技巧而不是掌握更高深的理论”,因此选C。

6.单选题

ThemoistairofthePacificOceanbringsa()climatetothewestcoastoftheUnitedStates.

问题1选项

A.chilly

B.temperate

C.modest

D.compromising

【答案】B

【解析】句意:太平洋潮湿的空气给美国西海岸带来了温和的气候。气候温和用temperateclimate,所以选项B正确。

7.问答题

ByaboutA.D.500theMoundBuilderculturewasdeclining,perhapsbecauseofattacksfromothertribesorperhapsbecauseofsevereclimaticchangesthatunderminedagriculture.Tothewest,anotherculture,basedonintensiveagriculture,wasbeginningtoflourish.ItscenterwasbeneathpresentdaySt.Louis,anditradiatedouttoenclosemostoftheMississippiwatershed,fromWisconsintoLouisianaandOklahomatoTennessee.Thousandsofvillageswereincludedinitsorbit.ByaboutA.D.700thisMississippianculture,asitisknowntoarchaeologists,begantosenditsinfluenceeastwardtotransformthelifeofmostofthelesstechnologicallyadvancedwoodlandtribes.LiketheMoundBuildersoftheOhioregion,thesetribes,probablyinfluencedbyMeso-Americanculturesthroughtradeandcommerce,builtgiganticmoundsasburialandceremonialplaces.Thelargestofthem,risinginfourterracestoaheightofonehundredfeet,hasarectangularbaseofnearlyfifteenacres,largerthanthatoftheGreatPyramidofEgypt.BuiltbetweenA.D.900and1,100,thishugeearthworkfacesthesiteofacliffyIndiancitywhichcontainedmorethanonehundredsmallartificialmoundsmarkingburialsites.Spreadamongthemwasavastsettlementcontainingsome30,000peoplebycurrentestimations.ThefinelycraftedornamentsandtoolsrecoveredatCahokis,asthiscenterofMississippicultureiscalled,includeelaborateceramicsfinelysculptedstonework,carefullyembossedandengravedcopperandmicasheets,andonefuneralblanketfashionedfrom12,000shellbeads.TheyindicatethatCahokiawasatrueurbancenter,withclusteredhousing,markets,andspecialistsintool-making,hide-dressing,potting,jewelry-making,weaving,andsalt-making.

1.Whatisthemaintopicofthispassage?

2.InrelationtotheMississippianculture,theMoundBuilderculturewaslocated(

).

3.Fromthispassage,wecaninferthatMeso-Americancultureshadatraditionof(

).

【答案】1.主旨大意题。文章以MoundBuilderculture开头,进而引出对MississippiCulture的介绍。

试题答案:

ThepassagemainlyintroducesthedevelopmentandachievementofMississippiCulture.

2.推理怕断题。由文章开头中的“ByaboutA.D.500theMoundBuilderculturewasdeclining...Tothewest,anotherculture”可知MoundBuilderculture位于东方。

试题答案:

intheeast

3.细节事实题。由文章中的“probablyinfluencedbyMeso-Americanculturesthroughtradeandcommerce”可推测Meso-Americancultures有商业贸易的传统。

试题答案:

tradeandcommerce

8.单选题

Someresearchersfeelthatcertainpeoplehavenervoussystemsparticularly(

)tohot,drywinds.Theyarewhatwecallweathersensitivepeople.

问题1选项

A.subjective

B.subordinate

C.liable

D.vulnerable

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容词辨析。subjective主观的,个人的;subordinate从属的,次要的;liable有…倾向的,易…的;vulnerable易受…影响的。句意:一些研究人员意识到某些人的神经系统特别易受干燥的热风的影响,我们称这些人为天气敏感症患者。由weathersensitivepeople可知空格处所填单词应与sensitive意思一致,具有“易受……影响的”意思,故答案D

9.单选题

Thefoodweeatseemstohaveprofoundeffectsonourhealth.Althoughsciencehasmadeenormousstepsinmakingmanyfoodmorefittoeat,ithas,thesametime,mademanyfoodsunfittoeat.Someresearchhasshownthatperhaps80%ofallhumanillnessisrelatedtodietand40%ofcancerisrelatedtothedietaswell,especiallycancerofthecolon.

Differentculturesaremorepronetocontractcertainillnessbecauseofthefoodthatischaracteristicinthesecultures.Thatfoodisrelatedtoillnessisnotanewdiscovery.In1945,governmentresearchesrealizedthatnitratesandnitrites,commonlyusedtopreservecolorinmeats,andotherfoodadditivescausedcancer.Yet,thesecarcinogenicadditivesremaininourfood,anditbecomesmoredifficultallthetimetoknowwhichthingsonthepackaginglakesofprocessedfoodarehelpfulorharmful.Theadditiveswhichweeatarenotallsodirect.Farmersoftengivepenicillintobeefandpoultry,andbecauseofthis,penicillinhasbeenfoundinthemilkoftreatedcows.Sometimes,similardrugsareadministeredtoanimalsnotformedicinalpurposesbutforfinancialreasons.Thefarmersaresimplytryingtofattentheanimalsinordertoobtainahigherpriceonthemarket.ThoughtheFoodandDrugAdministration(FAD)hastriedrepeatedlytocontroltheseprocedures,thepracticescontinue.

1.Howhassciencedoneadisservicetomankind?

2.Whatarenitratesusedfor?

3.WhatdoesFDAmean?

4.Theword“carcinogenic”meansmostnearlythesameas().

5.Whichofthefollowingsentencesisnottrue?

问题1选项

A.Becauseofscience,diseasecausedbycontaminatedfoodhasbeenvirtuallyeradicated.

B.Ithascausedalackofinformationconcerningthevalueoffood.

C.Asaresultofscientificintervention,somepotentiallyharmfulsubstanceshavebeenaddedtoourfood.

D.Thescientistshavepreservedthecolorofmeats,butnotofvegetables.

问题2选项

A.Theypreserveflavorinpackagedfoods.

B.Theypreservethecolorofmeats.

C.Theyaretheobjectsofresearch.

D.Theycausetheanimalstobecomefatter.

问题3选项

A.FoodDirectAdditives.

B.FinalDifficultAnalysis.

C.FoodandDrugAdministration.

D.FederalDiaryAdditives.

问题4选项

A.trouble-making

B.color-retaining

C.money-making

D.cancer-causing

问题5选项

A.Drugsarealwaysgiventoanimalsformedicalreason.

B.Someoftheadditivesinourfoodareaddedtothefooditselfandsomearegiventothelivinganimals.

C.Researchershaveknownaboutthepotentialhazardsoffoodadditivesforover35years.

D.Foodmaycause40%ofcancerintheworld.

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:B

第3题:C

第4题:D

第5题:A

【解析】1.判断推理题。根据题干信息定位到第一段Althoughsciencehasmadeenormousstepsinmakingmanyfoodmorefittoeat,ithas,thesametime,mademanyfoodsunfittoeat.(虽然科学已取得巨大进展,使许多食物更适合食用,但与此同时,它也使许多食物不宜食用。)也就是说很多添加剂式的食物容易导致一些疾病,因此C选项“由于科学的干预,一些潜在的有害物质被添加到我们的食物中。”正确。A选项“由于科学的发展,由受污染的食物引起的疾病实际上已经被根除了。”和题干提问并不符合;B选项“它导致了关于食物价值的信息的缺乏。”这个不是原文的观点;D选项“科学家们保存了肉的颜色,却没有保存蔬菜的颜色。”与题干不符。

2.判断推理题。根据题干信息定位到第二段In1945,governmentresearchesrealizedthatnitratesandnitrites,commonlyusedtopreservecolorinmeats(1945年,政府部门的研究人员认识到,用于肉类颜色保鲜的硝酸盐、亚硝酸盐和其他食品添加剂能致癌)因此B选项“它们能保持肉的颜色”正确。A选项“它们能保存包装食品的风味。”不是保存风味;C选项“它们是研究的对象”,与原文不符;D选项“它们使动物变得更胖”与原文不符。

3.事实细节题。根据题干关键词定位到最后一句话ThoughtheFoodandDrugAdministration(FAD)hastriedrepeatedlytocontroltheseprocedures,thepracticescontinue.(尽管食品和药物管理局(FAD)多次试图控制这些程序,但这种做法仍在继续。)因此C选项“食品和药物管理局”正确。A选项“食物直接添加剂”;B选项“最终困难分析”;D选项“联邦乳品添加剂”都不正确。

4.语义推测题。根据关键词定位到commonlyusedtopreservecolorinmeats,andotherfoodadditivescausedcancer.Yet,thesecarcinogenicadditivesremaininourfood(用于肉类颜色保鲜的硝酸盐、亚硝酸盐和其他食品添加剂能致癌。然而,这些致癌添加剂仍然存在于我们的食品中。)因此可以得出这些物质都是致癌的,因此D选项“致癌的”正确。A选项“制造麻烦的”;B选项“护色的”;C选项“赚钱的”都不正确。

5.事实细节题。A选项“由于医学原因,药物总是给动物服用”在原文的最后一段Sometimes,similardrugsareadministeredtoanimalsnotformedicinalpurposesbutforfinancialreasons.(有时让动物服用这类药物并不是为了治病,而是为了经济上的原因。)因此A选项不正确。B选项“我们食物中的一些添加剂是添加到食物本身,还有一些是给活的动物吃的。”在最后一段Farmersoftengivepenicillintobeefandpoultry(农民经常给牛肉和家禽注射青霉素);C选项“研究人员已经知道食品添加剂的潜在危害超过35年了。”在最后一段In1945,governmentresearchesrealizedthatnitratesandnitrites,commonlyusedtopreservecolorinmeats,andotherfoodadditivescausedcancer.(1945年,政府部门的研究人员认识到,用于肉类保鲜的硝酸盐、亚硝酸盐和其他食品添加剂能致癌。);D选项“食物可能会导致世界上40%的癌症”定位到第一段Someresearchhasshownthatperhaps80%ofallhumanillnessisrelatedtodietand40%ofcancerisrelatedtothedietaswell,especiallycancerofthecolon.(一些研究表明,大约80%的人类疾病与饮食有关,40%的癌症也与饮食有关,尤其是结肠癌。)

10.单选题

InthewakeoftheSept.11attacks,manyAmericansfeelwemaybegintoseetheerosionofsomeofourcivilliberties.Thereisconcernwemaybesubjecttopersonalsearchesandincreasedmonitoringofouractivities,allinthenameofsafetyandsecurity.Onthecomputingfront,Iwouldarguethatwealreadyhavehadtosurrendermanyofourlibertiestoprotectourselvesfromcomputervirusesandothersecuritybreaches.

Asmuchasvendorsandnetworkadministratorstrytomakescanningforvirusesanunobtrusiveprocessfortheenduser,westillareinconveniencedbytheroutinesmandatedbytheguardiansofourcorporatecomputingsecurity.However,inconveniencetakesabackseattotheoutrightneedforsecurity.Virusesaremorethaninconvenient;theycauserealdamage.ComputerEconomicsestimatesthecostofvirusattacksoninformationsystemsaroundtheworld,includingcleanupcostsandlostproductivity,hasalreadyreached$10.7billionsofarthisyear.Comparethatfigurewith$17.1billionforallof2000and$12.1billionfor1999.

Iknowyou’rethinking:“I’monlyoneperson.HowcanIspendthenecessarytimetosafeguardmycompanyagainstvirusesandsecurityholesandstilldomyregularjob?”

Realistically,youcan’t.Butthereareresourcestohelpyou.

MicrosofthasjustannouncedanewinitiativecalledtheStrategicTechnologyProtectionProgram.AmongtheservicesbeingofferedaretreetechnicalsupportrelatedtovirusesandasecuritytoolkitthatincludespatchesandservicepacksthataddresssecurityvulnerabilitiesinWindowsNTand2000.

TheFBIandSANSInstitutehavejustreleasedtheirtop20listofthemostcriticalInternetsecurityvulnerabilities.ThemajorityofsuccessfulattacksoncomputersystemsviatheInternetcanbetracedtoexploitationofsecurityflawsonthislist.Studythelistat.

TheCenterforInternetSecurityprovidesmethodsandtoolstoimprovemonitorandcomparethesecuritystatusofyourInternet-connectedsystems.Findouthowtobenchmarkyourorganization’sstatusat.

SoftwarevendorssuchasNetworkAssociates,SymantecandComputerAssociateshaveveryinformativevirusresourcecenters.TheSymantecAntiVirusResearchCenter(www.S/avcenter)hasanonlinenewsletterandin-depthinformationaboutviruses.Likewise,theCAVirusInformationCenterofferstipsonmanagingvirusincidentsandprotectingmessagingsystems.

Justlikeournationaldefense,thebestprotectionagainstadebilitatingvirusattackisknowledgeofthevulnerabilitiesandthemeanstoplugthesecurityholes.Beproactiveandvigilant,andmakeuseofthenumerousresourcesatyourdisposal.

1.Thewriterseemstofeelthat().

2.Thetwofigures"$17.1billion”and“$12.1billion”arementionedforthereadersto().

3.Toobtaindetailedinformationaboutviruses,wecanresortto().

4.Bysimplycheckingthetop20list,wemay().

5.Apropertitleforthispassagemightbe().

问题1选项

A.theconcernabouttheerosionoflibertiesisunnecessary

B.theroutinescanningofvirusescausesmuchinconveniencetoendusers

C.theneedforcomputingsecuritymakesinconveniencetolerable

D.libertycanbeguaranteedonlyifsecurityisachievedfirst

问题2选项

A.makesenseofthedamagesthathavebeendonesofarthisyear

B.seethedecreaseofthecostofvirusattacks

C.calculatethecostofvirusattacksfortheyear2001

D.paymoreattentiontoanti-virusresources

问题3选项

A.theStrategicTechnologyProtectionProgram

B.

C.

D.www.S

问题4选项

A.obtainapictureofmajorsuccessfulattacksoncomputersystems

B.identifyapossiblesecurityholeinourcomputersystems

C.improvethesecuritystatusofourcomputersystems

D.protectourcomputersystemsfromvirusattacks

问题5选项

A.TheAftermathofSept.11

B.LibertyvsSecurity

C.StrategiesforBattlingVirus

D.VirusAttack—AnotherFormofSept11

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:A

第3题:D

第4题:B

第5题:C

【解析】第1题:文章第一段最后一句onthecomputingfront,Iwouldarguethatwealreadyhavehadtosurrendermanyofourlibertiestoprotectourselvesfromcomputervirusesandothersecuritybreaches,提到我们需要牺牲一些自由来免受电脑病毒和其他风险的威胁。选项D“有了安全才能有自由”符合题意。

第2题:文章第二段提到病毒不仅仅让人们不方便,更严重的是导致了真正的损失。然后列举了有关清理病毒的费用,是为了强调病毒的破坏性。选项A符合题意。

第3题:文章倒数第二段第二句话TheSymantecAntiVirusResearchCenter(www.Symantec,com/avcenter)hasanonlinenewsletterandin-depthinformationaboutviruses提到了了解关于病毒的信息可以到网站上去找,选项D符合题意。

第4题:文章第六段第二句ThemajorityofsuccessfulattacksoncomputersystemsviatheInternetcanbetracedtoexploitationofsecurityflawsonthislist提到之所以这些系统会被病毒侵蚀是因为安全系统中存在漏洞,所以列出的名单中的网址都可能存在一些漏洞。选项B符合题意。

第5题:文章主要是在讲述如何战胜电脑病毒,所以选项C符合题意。

11.单选题

Heavyrainswerecausinginundationandmuchdamagethroughoutthecountry.

问题1选项

A.muchinconvenience

B.seriousconcern

C.overflowofwater

D.humanmisery

【答案】C

【解析】考查名词辨析。inundation“洪水”;A选项muchinconvenience“很多不便”;B选项seriousconcern“高度关注”;C选项overflowofwater“水的泛滥”;D选项humanmisery“人类的苦难”。句意:暴雨在整个国家造成洪水和很多损毁。由题干中的“Heavyrains暴雨”可推知inundation在这里有“洪水”的意思,因此C选项正确。

12.单选题

TheIndiansseelittle(

)forsuccessandbecomefrustrated,becausetheyusuallygotoinferiorschoolandoftencannotadjusttolifeinthecity.

问题1选项

A.instinct

B.proposition

C.priority

D.prospect

【答案】D

【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项“直觉”;B选项“命题,主题”;C选项“优先权”;D选项“前途,预期”。句意:印第安人似乎只有一点点对成功()而且变得沮丧,因为他们通常去教学质量不好的学校而且不能适应城市生活。从关键词gotoinferiorschoolandoftencannotadjusttolifeinthecity可知,印第安人成功希望不是很大,所以答案选D。

13.单选题

WhenJackwas28,he()thesmallbookshopandinfiveyearsdevelopeditintosixchainstores.

问题1选项

A.tookafter

B.tookin

C.tookon

D.tookover

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词短语。A选项tookafter“相像,效仿”;B选项tookin“吸收,领会,欺骗”;C选项tookon“承担,呈现,具有”;D选项tookover“接管,借用”。句意:当杰克28岁时,他接管了这个小书店,在五年内发展成了六个连锁店。根据空格后提到的thesmallbookshop,与之可以相对应搭配的短语只有D选项tookover,意为接管了商店。因此D选项符合题意。

14.单选题

SinceTomwas(

)fromtheburdenthathadbeenimposedonhim,hebeganto

concentratemoreonhisowninterest.

问题1选项

A.exiled

B.exempted

C.expected

D.executed

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词辨析。exile“放逐,流放”;exempt“免除,豁免”;beexemptedfrom“被免除…”;expect“期望”;execute“实行”。句意:自从曾经加在他身上的担子被移除后,Tom开始更专注于自己的兴趣。由后半句“Tom开始专注于自己的兴趣”可知B项正确,答案B

15.单选题

Ticketsforthefirstthreerowsarenotavailabletothoseofordinarysocialstanding;theyare(

forcelebrities.

问题1选项

A.retained

B.occupied

C.preserved

D.reserved

【答案】D

【解析】retained保留,保存;occupied占用;preserved保藏;reserved预订,保留。句意:社会地位一般的人买不到前三排的票;它们是为名人保留的。选项D符合语境。

16.单选题

W.SomersetMaughamafterwardswalkedthewardsofSt.Thomas’sHospital()practicinginmedicine.

问题1选项

A.withaviewto

B.withregardsto

C.withtheaimat

D.withtheobjectfor

【答案】A

【解析】考查短语辨析。A选项withaviewto“着眼于,考虑到,意在,以……为目的”,表示会尽力去完成自己所追求的这件事;B选项withregardsto“关于,至于”;C选项withtheaimat“为了……”,aim常指短期内的目标,往往比较具体、实际、明确,不是理想性的,努力程度一般;D选项withtheobjectfor“目的是”,object常指比较明确具体的单个目标,往往出于直接的需要和愿望,没有明确表明是否会尽力。句意:后来,W.萨默塞特•毛姆走进圣托马斯医院的病房,()行医。而毛姆是想要迫切做好这件事的,因此A选项符合题意。

17.单选题

GREYINGPOPULATIONSTAYSINTHEPINK

Elderlypeoplearegrowinghealthier,happierandmoreindependent,sayAmericanscientists.Theresultsofa14-yearstudytobeannouncedlaterthismonthrevealthatthediseasesassociatedwitholdageareafflictingfewerandfewerpeopleandwhentheydostrike,itismuchlaterinlife.

Inthelast14years,theNationallong-termHealthCareSurveyhasgathereddataonthehealthandlifestylesofmorethan20,000menandwomenover65.Researchers,nowanalyzingtheresultsofdatagatheredin1994,sayarthritis,highbloodpressureandcirculationproblems—themajormedicalcomplaintsinthisagegroup—aretroublingasmallerproportioneveryyear.Andthedataconfirmsthattherateatwhichthesediseasesaredecliningcontinuestoaccelerate.Otherdiseasesofoldage—dementia,stroke,arteriosclerosisandemphysema—arealsotroublingfewerandfewerpeople.

Itreallyraisesthequestionofwhatshouldbeconsiderednormalageing,saysKennethManton,ademographerfromDukeUniversityinNorthCarolina.Hesaystheproblemsdoctorsacceptedasnormalina65-year-oldin1982areoftennotappearinguntilpeopleare70or75.

Clearly,certaindiseasesarebeatingaretreatinthefaceofmedicaladvances.Buttheremaybeothercontributingfactors.Improvementsinchildhoodnutritioninthefirstquarterofthetwentiethcentury,forexample,gavetoday’selderlypeopleabetterstartinlifethantheirpredecessors.

Onthedownside,thedataalsorevealsfailuresinpublichealththathavecausedsurgesinsomeillnesses.Anincreaseinsomecancersandbronchitismayreflectchangingsmokinghabitsandpoorerairquality,saytheresearchers.Thesemaybesubtleinfluences,saysManton,butoursubjectshavebeenexposedtoworseandworsepollutionforover60years.It’snotsurprisingweseesomeeffect.

OneinterestingcorrelationMantonuncoveredisthatbetter-educatedpeoplearelikelytolivelonger.Forexample,65-year-oldwomenwithfewerthaneightyearsofschoolingareexpected,onaverage,toliveto82.Thosewhocontinuedtheireducationliveanextrasevenyears.Althoughsomeofthiscanbeattributedtoahigherincome,Mantonbelievesitismainlybecauseeducatedpeopleseekmoremedicalattention.

Thesurveyalsoassessedhowindependentpeopleover65were,andagainfoundastrikingtrend.Almost80%ofthoseinthe1994surveycouldcompleteeverydayactivitiesrangingfromeatinganddressingunaidedtocomplextaskssuchascookingandmanagingtheirfinances.Thatrepresentsasignificantdropinthenumberofdisabledoldpeopleinthepopulation.IfthetrendsapparentintheUnitedStates14yearsagohadcontinued,researcherscalculatetherewouldbeanadditionalonemilliondisabledelderlypeopleintoday’population.AccordingtoManton,slowingthetrendhassavedtheUnitedStatesgovernment’sMedicaresystemmorethan$200billion,suggestingthatthegreyingofAmerica’spopulationmayprovelessofafinancialburdenthanexpected.

Theincreasingself-relianceofmanyelderlypeopleisprobablylinkedtoamassiveincreaseintheuseofsimplehomemedicalaids.Forinstance,theuseofraisedtoiletseatshasmorethandoubledsincethestartofthestudy,andtheuseofbathseatshasgrownbymorethan50%.Thesedevelopmentsalsobringsomehealthbenefits,accordingtoareportfromtheMacArthurFoundation’sresearchgrouponsuccessfulageing.Thegroupfoundthatthoseelderlypeoplewhowereabletoretainasenseofindependenceweremorelikelytostayhealthyinoldage.

Maintainingalevelofdailyphysicalactivitymayhelpmental

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