考研考博-英语-天津中医药大学考试押题三合一+答案详解2

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-天津中医药大学考试押题三合一+答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

Thegovernmenthastoconsiderwhetherthedestructionofonehumanlifecanbe（）bythehopesofsavingothers.

问题1选项

A.notified

B.specified

C.justified

D.magnified

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项notify“通知”；B选项specify“指定、列举”；C选项justify“证明合法”；D选项magnify“赞美、夸大”，句意为：政府必须考虑，为了拯救他人，毁灭一个人的生命是否可以被证明是合理的。因此选项C符合题意。

2.单选题

Being（）yourjobisfine,ofcourse,butyoushouldn'tletworkeatupallyourleisuretime.

问题1选项

A.trappedin

B.committedto

C.convincedof

D.confrontedwith

【答案】B

【解析】考查词组辨析。A选项betrappedin表示“被困在；陷入困境”；B选项becommittedto表示“致力于；委身于”；C选项beconvincedof表示“确信；认识到”；D选项beconfrontedwith表示“面临，面对”。根据youshouldn'tletworkeatupallyourleisuretime可知，虽然致力于工作是好的，但你不应该让工作占据所有的休闲时间。因此，B选项最符合句意，故本题正确答案为B。

3.单选题

AllEskimoslivemostoftheirlivesclosetosaltorfreshwater.Theymayfollowgameinlandforseveralhundredmiles,buttheyalwaysreturntotheshoresofrivers,lakesorseas.Eskimolandhasabarelook.Largerocks,pebbles,andsandcovermuchofthesurface.Plantscalledlichengrowrightonrocks.Andwherethereisenoughsoil,evergrass,flowersandsmallbushesmanagetolive.NotreescangrowontheEskimoland,sogeographerssometimescallthiscountrytheArcticplains.Someanimals,suchasrabbitsandcaribou,eattheplants.Others,likethewhitefoxandgreywolf,eattherabbitsandcaribou.TheEskimoisameat-eater,too,andmayeveneatawolfwhenfoodisscarce.

TheEskimoyearhastwomainparts:along,coldwinterandashort,coolsummer.SpringandfallalmosttooshorttobenoticeD.Summeristhegoodtime,whenfoodisusuallyplentiful.ButitisalsothetimewhentheEskimosareverybusy.Winterisneverfaraway,andthemenmustbringhomeextrameatforthewomentoprepareandstore.Forseldomcanenoughanimalsbekilledinwintertofeedafamily.

TheFarNorthissometimescalledthelandofthemidnightsun.Thisistrueinthemiddleofsummer,forbetweenApril21standAugust21st,thesunneversetsinNorthernGreenlanD.ButinmidwintertheFarNorthisalandwithnosunshiningatall.AroundOct.21sttheEskimosofNorthernGreenlandseethesunsettingstraightsouthofthem,andtheydon'tseeitagainuntilFebruary22nD.Allplacesonearthgetaboutthesameamountofdaylightduringayear.Asaresult,ifsummerislighter,winterhastobedarker.WinternightsintheFarNorthareseldompitch-black.Asintherestoftheworld,thestarsandthemoonprovidealittlelight.ThenorthernlightsalsohelptheEskimostosee.Andwiththegroundcoveredwithsnow,evenalittlelightisreflectedbacktotheEskimo'seyes.

1.OntheEskimoland,（）.

2.IntheEskimoyear,（）.

3.Fromthepassagewecaninferallthefollowingexceptthat（）

4.InmidwinterthereisnosunshiningintheFarNorthbecause（）.

5.Thebesttitleforthepassageis（）.

问题1选项

A.rabbitsliveontheplants

B.soilisrichandplentiful

C.grassgrowsmoreeasilythanlichen

D.lichenisfoundonlyrocks

问题2选项

A.therearenospringandfall

B.winteriscoldandsummerishot

C.summerisatimeforgrowingfood

D.wintercomesearlyandgoeslate

问题3选项

A.Eskimosaremorelikelytoeatwolvesinsummer

B.Eskimowomenareresponsibleforhousework

C.animalmeatisEskimo'smainsourceoffood

D.huntingisanimportantpartofEskimolife

问题4选项

A.theFarNorthistoofarawayfromthesun

B.thesunisnotseenagainforsixmonths

C.thesunneversetsinmidsummer

D.peopleseethesunsettingstraightsoughtofthem

问题5选项

A.AStoryoftheEskimo

B.TheBareFarNorth

C.EskimoLandandClimate

D.TheEskimoYear

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:D

第3题:A

第4题:C

第5题:C

【解析】1.细节事实题。根据第一段的内容可知，爱斯基摩人的土地贫瘠,地衣比草的生命力强,所以选项B和C错误；选项D表述太绝对，在文中也没有提及，所以排除。根据第一段的倒数第二句可知，选项A正确。

2.细节事实题。根据第二段的内容可知，爱斯基摩人的春天和秋天很短，并不是没有，所以选项A错误；冬季寒冷夏季凉爽，而不是炎热，所以选项B也错误，选项C在文中没有提及；选项D冬季来得早去得迟，说明冬季很漫长，符合原文，所以本题选D。

3.细节推理题。根据第一段最后一句“TheEskimoisameat-eater,too,andmayeveneatawolfwhenfoodisscarce.”爱斯基摩人只在食物匮乏时才吃狼,在夏天食物充足的情况下是不会吃狼的。所以选项A与原文不符。

4.细节事实题。根据第三段第二句“Thisistrueinthemiddleofsummer,forbetweenApril21standAugust21st,thesunneversetsinNorthernGreenland.”因为从4月21日到8月21日，格陵兰岛北部的太阳从不落下。选项C符合原文。

5.全文主旨题。本文主要介绍了爱斯基摩人居住地区的环境、季节及天气状况等。所以选项C更恰当。

4.单选题

Restandproperdietarecontributivetogoodhealth.

问题1选项

A.conducive

B.apprehensive

C.pervasive

D.exclusive

【答案】A

【解析】【选项释义】

A.conducive有助的；有益的B.apprehensive忧虑的；不安的

C.pervasive普遍的D.exclusive独有的；专用的

【答案】A

【考查点】形容词辨析。

【解题思路】句意：休息和适当的饮食对身体健康……。根据句意，休息和适当饮食应该是有益于身体健康。因此选A。划线词contributive意为“有帮助的”。A选项与划线词意思相近。

【干扰项排除】B、C、D选项均不符合句意。

【句意】休息和适当的饮食有助于身体健康。

5.单选题

These______attacksdisturbedusandweconsultedaphysician.

问题1选项

A.recurrent

B.sinister

C.affected

D.morbid

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A项recurrent“复发的，周期性的”，B项sinister“阴险的，凶兆的”，C项affected“受到影响的，做作的”，D项morbid“病态的，由病引起的，恐怖的”。根据关键信息weconsultedaphysician“我们咨询了医生”可知attack表示“疾病发作”；所以空格处填入recurrent符合句意。句意：这些反复发作的症状困扰着我们，我们去看了医生。因此，该题选择A项正确。

6.翻译题

PutthefollowingtwopassagesintoChinese.

Thefirstsnowcame.Howbeautifulitwas,fallingsosilentlyalldaylong,allnightlong,onthemountains,onthemeadows,ontheroofsoftheliving,onthegravesofthedead!Allwhitesavetheriver,thatmarkeditscoursebyawindingblacklineacrossthelandscape;andtheleaflesstress,thatagainsttheleadenskynowrevealedmorefullythewonderfulbeautyandintricaciesoftheirbranches.Whatsilence,too,camewiththesnow!

Nowwearealllivinginmodemtime.Asthesocietyhasdeveloped,euthanasia（安乐死）ormercykillinghasreturnedtotheworld’shomepage.Manyreportsaboutrelevantcasesandresultsofscholarlyresearchoftenappearonthefrontpageofthenewspapers.Euthanasiaissometimescalledmercykilling,doctors-assistedsuicideorpainlessdeath.Itisusuallyunderstoodasamercifulacttorelieveaterminally-illpatient’sunbearablephysicalpain.Whilethemajorityofsocietyseemstofavorthissupposedlyhumanitarianpractice,itstillcouldtakedecadesforthecountry’slegislativeandjudicialdepartmentstodealwiththehighlycontroversialissue:NospecificlawofrulegovernseuthanasiaassuchinChina,buttheactfitsthevagueconceptof“intentionalkilling”intheCriminalCode.Yetthevoicescallingforlegislationoneuthanasiahavebecomelouderinrecentyears.

【答案】第一场雪来了。多么美啊！它整日整夜静静地飘着，落在山岭上，落在草地里，落在世人的屋顶上，落在死者的坟墓上！一片白茫茫中，只有河流在美丽的画面上划出了一道弯弯曲曲的黑线；树叶掉光了的老鼠，映衬着灰色的天空，枝丫交错，更显风姿。下雪的时候，一切多么安静啊！

如今我们都生活在现代社会。随着社会的发展，安乐死或者怜悯致死术已经成为世界的关注点。许多相关案例和学术研究结果的报道经常出现在报纸的头版。安乐死有时被称为怜悯致死术、医生协助自杀或叫做无痛死亡。它通常被理解为一种仁慈的行为，用来减轻绝症病人无法忍受的疼痛。虽然大部分人似乎支持这种所谓的人道主义行为，但是对于一个国家的立法和司法部门来说，这是颇具争议的，起码需要数十年来解决这个问题。比如中国就没有专门的法律来管理安乐死，但是安乐死符合其刑法里的“故意杀人”这一模糊的概念。然而，今年来要求立法安乐死的呼声越来越高。

7.单选题

WhenMr.Liwritesanarticle,healwayskeepseveraldictionaries（）.

问题1选项

A.underhishands

B.byhand

C.outofhand

D.athand

【答案】D

【解析】词组辨析题。byhand用手；outofhand脱手、无法控制；athand

在手边。句意：李先生写文章时，手边总有几本词典。选项D符合句意。

8.单选题

Thearchitectmustrespondtotheculturalconcernsofsociety______andpayattentiontothefunctionalandaestheticaspectofthebuildings.

问题1选项

A.atlarge

B.atheart

C.atmost

D.atbest

【答案】A

【解析】考查词组辨析。A项atlarge“详尽的，未被捕的，整体的，普遍的”，B项atheart“本质上，内心里”，C项atmost“至多”，D项atbest“最多”。根据Thearchitectmustrespondtotheculturalconcernsofsociety______“建筑师必须回应社会……关注的文化问题”可知，“普遍的”符合语境。句意：建筑师必须回应社会普遍关注的文化问题，并关注建筑的功能和美学方面。因此，该题选择A项正确。

9.单选题

ThefirstmentionofslaveryinthestatutesoftheEnglishcoloniesofNorthAmericadoesnotoccuruntilafter1660—somefortyyearsaftertheimportationofthefirstBlackpeople.Lestwethinkthatslaveryexistedinfactbeforeitdidinlaw,OscarandMaryHandlinassureus,thatthestatusofBlackpeopledowntothe1660’swasthatofservants.AcritiqueoftheHanlins’interpretationofwhylegalslaverydidnotappearuntilthe1660ssuggeststhatassumptionsabouttherelationbetweenslaveryandracialprejudiceshouldbereexamined,andthatexplanationforthedifferenttreatmentofBlackslavesinNorthandSouthAmerica'shouldbeexpanded.

TheHandlinsexplaintheappearanceoflegalslaverybyarguingthat,duringthe1660's,thepositionofWhileservantswasimprovingrelativetothatofBlackservants.Thus,theHandlinscontend,BlackandWhiteservants,heretoforetreatedalike,eachattainedadifferentstatus.Thereare,however,importantobjectionstothisargument.First,theHandlinscannotadequatelydemonstratethattheWhiteservant’spositionwasimproving,duringandafterthe1660’s;severalactsoftheMarylandandVirginialegislaturesindicateotherwise.AnotherflawintheHandlin’interpretationistheirassumptionthatpriortotheestablishmentoflegalslaverytherewasnodiscriminationagainstBlackpeople.Itistruethatbeforethe1660’sBlackpeoplewererarelycalledslaves.Butthisshouldnotovershadowevidencefromthe1630sonchatpointstoracialdiscriminationwithoutusingthetermslavery.Suchdiscriminationsometimes,stoppedshortoflifetimeservitudeorinheritedstatusthetwoattributesoftrueslavery-yetinothercasesitincludedboth.TheHandlins'argumentexcludestherealpossibilitythatBlackpeopleintheEnglishcolonieswerenevertreatedastheequalsofWhitepeople.

Thepossibilityhasimportantramifications.IffromtheoutsetBlackpeoplewerediscriminatedagainst,thenlegalslaveryshouldbeviewedasareflectionandanextensionofracialprejudiceratherthan,asmanyhistoriansincludingtheHandlinshaveargued,thecauseofprejudice.Inaddition,theexistenceofdiscriminationbeforetheadventoflegalslaveryoffersafurtherexplanationfortheharshertreatmentofBlackslavesinNorththaninSouthAmericA.FreyreandTannenbaumhaverightlyarguedthatthelackofcertaintraditionsinNorthAmerica-suchasaRomanconceptionofslaveryandaRomanCatholicemphasisonequality—explainswhythetreatmentofBlackslaveswasmoreseveretherethanintheSpanishandPortuguesecoloniesofSouthAmericA.Butthiscannotbethewholeexplanationsinceitismerelybasedonlyonalackofsomething.AmorecompellingexplanationisthattheearlyandsometimesextremeracialdiscriminationintheEnglishcolonieshelpeddeterminetheparticularnatureoftheslaverythatfollowed.

1.Whichofthefollowingisthemostlogicalinferencetobedrawnfromthepassageabouttheeffectsof“severalactsoftheMarylandandVirginialegislatures”(lines11)passedduringandafterthe1660’s?

2.WithwhichofthefollowingstatementsregardingthestatusofBlackpeopleintheEnglishcoloniesofNorthAmericabeforethe1660'swouldtheauthorbeLEASTlikelytoagree?

3.Accordingtothepassage,theHandlinshavearguedwhichofthefollowingabouttherelationshipbetweenracialprejudiceandtheinstitutionoflegalslaveryintheEnglishcoloniesofNorthAmerica?

4.ThepassagesuggeststhattheexistenceofaRomanconceptionofslaveryinSpanishandPortuguesecolonieshadtheeffectof（）.

5.TheauthorconsiderstheFreyreandTannenbaumforthetreatmentaccordedBlackslavesintheEnglishcoloniesofNorthAmericatobe（）.

问题1选项

A.Theactsnegativelyaffectedthepre-1660'spositionofBlackaswellasofwhiteservants

B.TheactshadtheeffectofimpartingratherthanimprovingthepositionofWhiteservantsrelativetowhatithadbeenbeforethe1660's

C.TheactshadadifferenteffectonthepositionofWhiteservantsthandidmanyoftheactspassedduringthistimebythelegislaturesofothercolonies

D.Theacts,attheveryleastcausedthepositionofWhiteservantstoremainnobetterthanithadbeenbeforethe1660's

问题2选项

A.AlthoughBlackpeoplewerenotlegallyconsideredtobeslaves,theywereoftencalledslaves

B.Althoughsubjecttosomediscrimination;Blackpeoplehadaheightlegalstatusthantheydidafterthe1660’s.

C.Althoughsometimessubjecttolifetimeservitude,Blackpeoplewerenotlegallyconsideredtobeslaves.

D.AlthoughoftennottreatedthesameasWhitepeople,Blackpeople,likemanyWhitepeople,possessedthelegalstatusofservants.

问题3选项

A.Racialprejudiceandtheinstitutionofslaveryarosesimultaneously

B.Racialprejudicemostoftentooktheformoftheimpositionofinheritedstatus,oneortheattributesofslavery

C.Thesourceofracialprejudicewastheinstitutionofslavery

D.BecauseoftheinfluenceoftheRomanCatholicChurch,racialprejudicesometimesdidnotresultinslaveryslay

问题4选项

A.extendingratherthancausingracialprejudiceinthesecolonies

B.hasteningthelegalizationofslaveryinthesecolonies

C.mitigatingsomeoftheconditionsofslaveryforBlackpeopleinthesecolonies

D.delayingtheintroductionofslaveryintotheEnglishcolonies

问题5选项

A.ambitiousbutmisguided

B.validbutlimited

C.popularbutsuspect

D.anachronisticandcontroversial

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:A

第3题:C

第4题:C

第5题:B

【解析】1.推理判断题。由题干关键词severalactsoftheMarylandandVirginialegislatures可以定位到文章中“TheHandlinsexplaintheappearanceoflegalslaverybyarguingthat,duringthe1660,s,thepositionofWhiteservantswasimprovingrelativetothatofBlackservants.”中文翻译为：汉林夫妇认为，在17世纪60年代，白人仆人的地位相对于黑人仆人的地位正在改善，从而解释了法律奴隶制的出现。以及原文中“Thus,theHandlinscontend,BlackandWhiteservants,heretoforetreatedalike,eachattainedadifferentstatus.Thereare,however,importantobjectionstothisargument.”，中文翻译为：.因此，黑奴和白种人争论不休，黑人和白人仆人历来待遇相同，每个人都获得了不同的地位。然而，对于这一论点，有一些重要的反对意见；和原文“First,theHandlinscannotadequatelydemonstratethattheWhiteservant’spositionwasimprovingduringandafterthe1660’s;severalactsoftheMarylandandVirginialegislaturesindicateotherwise.”，中文翻译为：首先，马里兰州和维吉尼亚州立法机构的几项法案表明，17世纪60年代期间和之后，这位白人仆人的地位并没有得到充分证明。可以推测出白人仆人的地位没有提高，因此D选项符合题意。

2.细节事实题。由题干可以定位到文章第中“ThefirstmentionofslaveryinthestatutesoftheEnglishcoloniesofNorthAmericadoesnotoccuruntilafter1660—somefortyyearsaftertheimportationofthefirstBlackpeople.”中文翻译为：在北美英国殖民地大法规中，只有在1660年之后才首次对奴隶制度有所提及，即黑人被输入到美洲后的四十年。“Lestwethinkthatslaveryexistedinfactbeforeitdidinlaw,OscarandMaryHandlinassureus,thatthestatusofBlackpeopledowntothel660’swasthatofservants.”，中文翻译为：唯恐我认为奴隶制度事实上的存在先于其法律上的存在，奥斯卡和玛丽•汉德林使我们相信，直到十七世纪六十年代为止，黑人的地位是充当佣人。以及“Itistruethatbeforethe1660'sBlackpeoplewererarelycalledslaves.”中文翻译为：的确，在1660年以前，黑人很少被称为奴隶。可以推测出A选项是作者最不可能同意的观点。

3.细节事实题。由题干可以定位到文章第中“Thepossibilityhasimportantramifications.”中文翻译为：这种可能性具有重要的意义。以及“IffromtheoutsetBlackpeoplewerediscriminatedagainst,thenlegalslaveryshouldbeviewedasareflectionandanextensionofracialprejudiceratherthan,asmanyhistoriansincludingtheHandlinshaveargued,thecauseofprejudice.”，中文翻译为：假若从一开始起黑人就遭到歧视，那么，法律上的奴隶制度应被视作种族歧视的一种反应和延伸，而不应像包括汉德林夫妇在内的许多史学家所指出的那样，被视作种族偏见的起因。可以推测出C选项正确。

4.推理判断题。由题干可以定位到文章中“FreyreandTannenbaumhaverightlyarguedthatthelackofcertaintraditionsinNorthAmerica-suchasaRomanconceptionofslaveryandaRomanCatholicemphasisonequality—explainswhythetreatmentofBlackslaveswasmoreseveretherethanintheSpanishandPortuguesecoloniesofSouthAmerica.”中文翻译为：弗雷尔和坦纳博不无道理指出，北美洲某些传统的缺失一一比如古罗马有关奴隶制度的观念以及罗马天主对于平等的强调一一可以说明黑人奴隶在那里的待遇要比在南美洲西班牙和葡萄牙殖民地的黑人奴隶的待遇更为苛刻。可以得知C选项符合题意。

5.细节事实题。由题干可以定位到文章第中“FreyreandTannenbaumhaverightlyargued...”中文翻译为:“弗雷尔和坦纳博正确地主张了/论证了……”以及“Butthiscannotbethewholeexplanationsinceitismerelybasedonlyonalackofsomething.”中文翻译为：但是，这并不能成为一种完整的解释，因为仅仅是从反面进行的，以某些事物的缺乏为其依据。可以推测出B选项正确。

10.单选题

Conveniencefoodswhicharealreadypreparedforcookingareavailableingrocerystores.

问题1选项

A.ready

B.approachable

C.probable

D.obtainable

【答案】D

【解析】考查同义形容词辨析。A选项ready“准备好的，现成的，迅速的”；B选项approachable“可接近的，可到达的，易理解的”；C选项probable“很可能的，可信的”；D选项obtainable“能得到的，能获得的”。句意：现成的方便食品可以在杂货店买到。Available“可获得的；可购得的；可找到的；有空的”，所以D选项与该词意思最相近，因此D选项正确。

11.单选题

Thecompany（

）ariseinsalaryforages,butnothinghashappenedyet.

问题1选项

A.ispromised

B.hasbeenpromised

C.ispromising

D.promised

【答案】B

【解析】考查现在完成时的用法。forages时间状语，常与现在完成时连用，表示现在以前的这一段时间里一直在做的事情。选项B符合题意。

12.写作题

Writeanessayofabout300wordsonthetopic“LearningandStudyingasISeeIt”accordingtotheideagivenbelowandoutlinedinChinese.

求知和探究被古人认为是人生中步履荆棘的历程。王国维先生就有着做学问的三大境界，其一曰“昨夜西风凋碧树，独上高楼，望尽天涯路”；其二曰“衣带渐宽终不悔，为伊消得人憔悴”；最后才会“众里寻他千百度，蓦然回首，那人却在灯火阑珊处”。请结合自己求学的经历或体会，分析你对这个命题的理解和看法。

【答案】略

13.单选题

ThefirstcoinstoappearintheWesternworldwereissuedbytheLydiansandtheIonianGreeksintheeighthcenturyB.C.Thesecoins,whichweremadeofelectrum,anaturalcombinationofgoldandsilver,wereirregularinweightandqualityandapparentlyofprivateissue.ThepuregoldandsilvercoinswithrelatedvalueswhichappearedduringthereignofCroesus(560-546B.C)providethefirstundoubtedevidenceofstandardcoinagebystateauthority.Thecoinswerenotperfectlyshaped,however,fortheywerestruckwithahand-wieldedhammer.Thetrendtowardcompletemathematicalsymmetrydidnot,infact,beginuntilthecoiningpress,inventedbyLeonardodaVinciinthesixteenthcentury,wasgenerallyadoptedinthemiddleoftheseventeenthcentury.

Oneshouldnotassume,however,thatonlymachine-madecoinsareprizedfortheirworkmanship.ThesilverdekadrachmfromSyracuse,struckabout413B.C.,isconsideredoneofthefinestGreekcoinsandisworthmorethanathousanddollarstoday.AnartisticmasterpieceofamuchlaterperiodisthesilvertalermintedinRatisbon,southernGermany,in1754.

Thevalueofacoinisnotprimarilydeterminedbyitsage,asmanypeopleseemtothink.ManyGreekandRomancoinsthatwereissuedinabundancecanbepurchasedforamoderateprice.Ontheotherhand,aGermancoinmadeofshrapnelduringtheFirstWorldWarisveryrareandvaluable.AmongtheespeciallyrareUnitedStatescoinsarethe1804silverdollar,the1822five-dollargoldpiece,andthe1894silverdime.

1.WhichofthefollowingstatementsmayNOTberightaboutthecoinsmadeinLydiaduringthereignofCroesus?

2.TheauthorityspecificallymentionsallofthefollowingspecificfeaturesoftheSyracusedekadrachmEXCEPTits（

）.

3.TheauthormakesitclearthattheSyracusandekadrachmandtheGermantalermentionedinthepassageare

（

）.

4.LeonardodeVinciismentionedinthepassageinconnectionwith

（

）.

5.Theauthormakesitclearthatcoinsmadebymachineare（

）.

问题1选项

A.Theywereissuedbythegovernment

B.Theyweregivenstandardvalues

C.Theywereallofequalpurity

D.Theywereallalikeinshape

问题2选项

A.appearance

B.scarcity

C.value

D.age

问题3选项

A.handmadeWesterncoins

B.worthaboutathousanddollarseachtoday

C.madeoutofdifferentmetals

D.notedfortheircraftsmanship

问题4选项

A.thefirstgovernmentissueofcoins

B.theartisticaspectofcoinmaking

C.coinsissuedinthesixteenthcentury

D.theproductionofuniformcoins

问题5选项

A.usuallyofgreatervaluethanhandmadecoins

B.moreuniforminsizeandshapethanhandmadecoins

C.availableinlargequantitiesthanhandmadecoins

D.generallysuperiorinworkmanshiptohandmadecoins

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:A

第3题:D

第4题:B

第5题:B

【解析】1.细节事实题。由文章第一段中的ThepuregoldandsilvercoinswithrelatedvalueswhichappearedduringthereignofCroesusprovidethefirstundoubtedevidenceofstandardcoinagebystateauthority.（克里萨斯国王统治时期出现的具有相关价值的纯金和银币，为国家当局提供了第一个毫无疑问的标准铸币证据）可知A、B、C的选项正确，因此选D。

2.细节事实题。由文章第一段中的Thecoinswerenotperfectlyshaped,however,fortheywerestruckwithahand-wieldedhammer.（然而，这些硬币的形状并不完美，因为它们是用手握着的锤子敲打的）和第二段中的ThesilverdekadrachmfromSyracuse,struckabout413B.C.,isconsideredoneofthefinestGreekcoinsandisworthmorethanathousanddollarstoday.（来自希腊库扎的银质硬币铸造于公元前413年，被认为是希腊最好的硬币之一，价值超过1000美元）可知提到了这个银币的不足、价值以及年龄，因此选A。

3.细节事实题。文章第二段句首提到Oneshouldnotassume,however,thatonlymachine-madecoinsareprizedfortheirworkmanship.（然而，人们不应该认为只有机器制造的硬币才是有价值的），紧接着以theSyracusandekadrachmandtheGermantaler举例，是为了说明手工制作的硬币具有很大的价值，因此选D。

4.细节事实题。由文章第一段中的Thetrendtowardcompletemathematicalsymmetrydidnot,infact,beginuntilthecoiningpress,inventedbyLeonardodaVinciinthesixteenthcentury（事实上，完全数学对称的趋势直到十六世纪莱昂纳多•达•芬奇发明的印压机才开始）可知B选项“硬币制作的工艺”符合题意。

5.细节事实题。由文章第一段中的Thecoinswerenotperfectlyshaped,however,fortheywerestruckwithahand-wieldedhammer.（然而，这些硬币的形状并不完美，因为它们是用手握着的锤子敲打的）可知以前手工制作的硬币在形状大小存在不足，机械制造出来的银币其形状大小是统一的，因此选B。

14.单选题

Suchasanguineconclusionmayseemoddatatimewhenfuriousargumentsarenodoubtragingbehindthescenes.

问题1选项

A.puissant

B.sapient

C.propitious

D.berserk

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项puissant“强大的，强盛的；有势力的，有权力的”；B选项sapient“聪明的；伶俐的；装聪明样的；有见识的”；C选项propitious“适合的；有利的；顺利的”；D选项berserk“狂怒的，失控的：（激动得）控制不住的”。句意：在激烈的争论毫无疑问正在幕后肆虐之际，这样一个乐观的结论可能显得有些奇怪。sanguine“乐观的；满怀希望的；面色红润的”，C选项与该词意思最相近，因此C选项正确。

15.单选题

Whendepartmentstoreshaveanoversupplyofgoods,theyfrequently（）pricestoencouragesales.

问题1选项

A.conceal

B.review

C.damage

D.reduce

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项conceal“隐藏；隐瞒”；B选项review“回顾；检查；复审”；C选项damage“损害，毁坏”D选项reduce“减少；降低”。句意：当百货公司的商品供过于求时，他们经常降价以促进销量。空格处动词的宾语是“价格”，根据后面的“以促进销量”可知D项符合句意。

16.单选题

Iwastotallymixedupbyhis（）andambiguousremarks.

问题1选项

A.ubiquitous

B.unsettled

C.elusive

D.daring

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容词辨析。ubiquitous“普遍存在的”;unsettled“未决定的;怀疑的”;elusive“难懂的；难以捉摸的；易忘的”;daring“大胆的；勇敢的”。句意：我完全被他的难以琢磨的和模棱两可的话搞糊涂了。由连词and可知空格处所填词与ambiguousremarks词义相近，故C项正确。

17.单选题

Thereportincludesataleofhowanhonorablemanpursuinghonorablegoalswasafflictedwith（）andledhisnationtowardscatastrophe.

问题1选项

A.pride

B.humility

C.gratification

D.hubris

【答案】D

【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项pride“自豪，傲慢”；B选项humility“谦逊”；C选项gratification“满意，喜悦”；D选项hubris“狂妄自大”。句意：这个报告包括了一个故事，的是一个高贵的人是如何追求崇高的目标，却由于狂妄自大而受到折磨，从而使他的国家走向灾难。选项D符合语境。

18.单选题

______advanceandretreatintheireternalrhythms,butthesurfaceoftheseaitselfisneveratrest.

问题1选项

A.Notonlywhenthetidesdo

B.Asthetidesnotonlydo

C.Notonlydothetides

D.Dothetidesnotonly

【答案】C

【解析】考查部分倒装。句意：不仅潮汐以它们永恒的节奏前进和后退，而且海面本身也从来没有静止过。根据题目和选项确定考查固定搭配notonly…but的部分倒装，notonly放在句首的倒装结构为notonly+助动词/情态动词/be动词+主语+其他，所以C选项Notonlydothetides符合题意。因此C选项正确。

19.单选题

Hercinematicdebutwas（）andshedecidedtoreturntothetheatrewheresheremainedfortherestofhercareer.

问题1选项

A.indelible

B.infallible

C.incredulous

D.inauspicious

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。indelible“难忘的”；infallible“绝对可靠的”；incredulous“怀疑的，不轻信的”；inauspicious“不详的”。句意：她在电影中的初次登场让人难忘，所以决定重新回到影坛来继续她的事业。选项A符合题意。

20.翻译题

Asmanypeoplehitmiddleage,theymaystarttonoticethattheirmemoryandmentalclarityarenotwhattheyusedtobe.Wesuddenlycan'trememberwhereweputthekeysjustamomentago,oranoldacquaintance’sname,orthenameofanoldbandweusedtolove.Asthebrainfades,werefertotheseoccurrencesas“seniormoments”.Whileseeminglyinnocent,thislossofmentalfocuscanpotentiallyhaveadamagingimpactonourprofessional,socialandpersonallife.

Neuroscientists,expertswhostudythenervoussystem,areincreasinglyshowingthatthere’sactuallyalotthatcanbedone.Itturnsoutthatthebrainneedsexerciseinmuchthesamewayourmusclesdo,andtherightmentalworkoutscansignificantlyimproveourbasiccognitivefunctions.Thinkingisessentiallyaprocessofmakingconnectionsinthebrain.Tosomeextent,ourabilitytoexcelinmakingtheconnectionsthatdriveintelligenceisinherited.

【答案】随着许多人步入中年，他们可能会开始注意到，他们的记忆力和思维清晰度已经不如从前了。我们突然记不起刚才把钥匙放在哪里了，或者记不起一个老相识的名字，或者记不起一个我们曾经喜欢过的老乐队的名字。当大脑衰退时，我们将这些现象称为“老年时刻”，虽然看起来很无辜，但这种精神注意力的丧失可能会对我们的职业、社交和个人生活造成潜在的破坏性影响。

神经科学家，研究神经系统的专家，越来越多地表明实际上有很多事情可以做。事实证明，大脑和我们的肌肉一样需要锻炼，正确的脑力锻炼可以显著提高我们的基本认知功能。思考本质上是在大脑中建立联系的过程。在某种程度上，我们在建立驱动智力的联系方面的卓越能力是遗传的。

21.单选题

Britain’srichestpeoplehaveexperiencedthebiggesteverriseintheirwealth,accordingtotheSundayTimesRichList.DrivenbytheneweconomyoftheInternetandcomputerentrepreneurs,thewealthofthoseatthetopofthefinancialtreehasincreasedatanunprecedentedrate.The12thannualRichListwillshowthatthecollectiveworthofthecountry’srichest1,000peoplereachednearly146billionpoundsbyJanuary,thecutoffpointforthesurvey.Theyrepresentedanincreaseof31billion,or27%,injust12months.Sincethesurveywascompiled,Britain’srichesthaveaddedbillionsmoretotheirwealth,thankstothecontinuingboomintechnologysharesonthestockmarket.Thishaspushedupthetotalvalueofthewealthoftherichest1,000toaprobable160billionaccordingtoDr.PhilipBeresford,Britain’sacknowledgedexpertonpersonalwealthwhocompilestheSundayTimesRichList.

ThemillenniumboomexceedsanythinginBritain’seconomichistory,includingtherailwayboomofthe1840sandtheSouthSeabubbleof1720.IthasmadeMargaretThatcher’sboomseemassluggishasEdwardHeath’s“threedayweek”,saidBeresford.“Weareseeingbillionsbeingaddedtothenationalwealtheveryweek.”WilliamRubinstein,professorofmodernhistoryattheUniversityofWales;AbeYstwyth,confirmedthatthegrowthinwealthwasunprecedented.Almostalloftoday’swealthhasbeencreatedsincetheindustrialrevolution,butevenbythoseheadystandardsthecurrentboomisextraordinary,hesaid.“Thereisnolargescaleculturaloppositionorguiltaboutmakingmoney.InmanywaysBritishbusinessattitudescannowchallengetheUnitedStates.”

AlthoughtheBritain’srichestareexperiencingthesharpestsurgeinwealth,therestofthepopulationhasalsobenefitedfromthestockmarketboomandrisinghouseprices.Lastyearwealthroseby16%toarecord4,267billion,accordingtocalculationsbytheinvestmentbankSalomonSmithBarney.Inrealterms,wealthhasincreasedbymorethanathirdsincethelate1980s.Muchofthewealthoftherichestisheldinsharesinstart-upcompanies.

Someofthesepaperfortunes,analystsagree,couldeasilybewipedout,althoughthewealthgeneratingeffectsoftheInternetrevolutionseemtobeheretostay.ASundayTimesYoungRichListconfirmsthatpeoplearebecomingwealthieryounger.Itincludesthe60richestmillionairesaged30orunder.Atthetop,on600m,isthe“oldmoney”EarlofInveigh,30,headoftheGuinnessbrewingfamily.InsecondplaceisCharlesNasser,also30,wholaunchedtheClaraNETInternetproviderfouryearsagoandisworth300m.Theremainingeightinthetop10youngmillionairesmadetheirmoneyfromcomputingandtheInternet.

16.The“cutoffpointfo