考研考博-英语-宁夏工商职业技术学院考试押题三合一+答案详解4

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-宁夏工商职业技术学院考试押题三合一+答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

IthinkImustbecomingdownwithflubecauseI’vebeenfeeling（）allday.

问题1选项

A.wretched

B.worried

C.wrecked

D.wicked

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容词辨析。wretched“可怜的，卑鄙的”；worried“担心的”；wrecked“失事的；迷幻的”；wicked“邪恶的，恶劣的，不道德的”。句意：我觉得我染上流感了，因为我整天感觉不舒服。选项C符合题意。

2.写作题

YouaresupposedtowriteanotetoMr.PeterKelly,whoisavisitingprofessoratyourdepartment,askinghimtoarrangeatimetodiscusstheoutlineofyourpaper.

1.Thenoteshouldbeginwith“Professor...”;

2.Thenoteshouldendwith“ZhangPing”;

3.Thenoteshouldgiveabriefintroductiontoyourpaper,suchasthetopicandmajorpoints.

【答案】DearProfessorPeterKelly,

IlearnfromthedeanofourdepartmentthatyouareanexpertinITcultureandyouarenowavisitingprofessoratourComputerDepartment.Thedeansaysthatyouarekind-heartedandalwaysreadytohelpothersandhetellsmetocomeintocontactwithyou.

TodayIamwritingthisnotetoaskyouwhetheritisconvenientforyoutoarrangeatimeforbothofustodiscusstheoutlineofmyresearchpaper.Beforeourmeeting,Ishouldliketointroducetheoverallstructureofmyresearchpapertoyoubriefly.ItstitleisTheInformationExplosioninthe21stCentury,Itconsistsoffourparts:PartOnegivesanobjectiveaccountofthepresentsituationofinformationexplosion.PartTwoisabouttheproponents’viewpointsoninformationexplosion.PartThreeisabouttheopponents’viewpointsoninformationexplosion.PartFourmakesapresentationofmyownviewpointsontheinformationexplosioninthenewcentury.Iwouldappreciateitverymuchifyoucouldgivemesomesuggestionsonhowtoimprovemyresearchpaper.

Yoursrespectfully

ZhangPing

3.单选题

Thosewhowelcomedtherailwaysawitasmorethanarapidandcomfortablemeansofpassing.Theyactuallysawitasafactorinworldpeace.Theydidnotforeseethattherailwaywouldbejustonemoremeansfortherapidmovementofaggressivearmies.Noneofthemforesawthatthemorewearetogether—themorechancesthereareofwar.Anyboyorgirlwhoisoneofalargefamilyknowsthat.

Wheneveranynewinventionisputforward,thoseforitandthoseagainstitcanalwaysfindmedicalmentoapproveorcondemn.Theanti-railwaygroupproduceddoctorswhosaidthattunnelswouldbemostdangeroustopublichealth:theywouldproducecolds，catarrhs（黏膜炎）andconsumptions.Thedeafeningnoiseandtheglareoftheenginefirewouldhaveabadeffectonthenerves.Further,beingmovedthroughtheairatahighspeedwoulddograveinjurytodelicatelungs.Inthosewithhighblood-pressure,themovementofthetrainmightproduceapoplexy（中风）.The

suddenplungingofatrainintothedarknessofatunnel,andtheequallysuddenrushintofulldaylight,wouldcausegreatdamagetoeyesight.Butthepro-railwaygroupwasofcourseabletoproduceequallyfamousmedicalmentosayjusttheopposite.Theysaidthatthespeedandswingofthetrainwouldequalizethecirculation,promotedigestion,tranquilizethenerves,andensuregoodsleep.

Theactualrolling-stockwasanythingbutcomfortable.Ifitwasatestofendurancetositforfourhoursoutsideacoachinrain,orinsideindirtyair,therailwayofferedlittlemoreinthewayofcomfort.Certainlythefirst-classcarriageshadcushionedseats;butthesecond-classhadonlynarrowbareboards,whilethethird-classhadnothingatall;noseatsandnoroof;theywerejustopentrucks.Sothatthird-classpassengersgainednothingfromthefewmodesexceptspeed.Inthematterofcomfort,indeedtheylost;theydid,onthecoaches,haveaseat,butnowtheyhadtostandalltheway,whichgaveopportunitiestothecomic（滑稽的）press.Thiskindofthing:Amanwasseenyesterdaybuyingathird-classticketforthenewLondonandBirminghamRailway.Thestateofhismindisbeingenquiredinto.

Awriterintheearlydaysofrailwayswrotefeelinglyofbothsecond-andthird-classcarriages.Hemadethesuggestionthatthedirectorsoftherailwaysmusthavesentallovertheworldtofindthehardestpossiblewood.Oftheopenthird-classtruckshesaidthattheyhadthepeculiarpropertyofmeetingtherainfromwhateverquarteritcame.Hedescribedthemashorizontalshower-baths,fromwhosesearchingpowertherewasnoescape.

1.Allboysandgirlsinlargefamiliesknowthat______.

2.Accordingtothosewhowelcomedtherailway,therailwayitselfshouldincludeallthefollowingexcept______.

3.Accordingtotheanti-railwaygroup,allthefollowingsaretruebut_____.

4.Wemaysafelyconcludethat_____.

5.Whatisthetoneofthispassage?

问题1选项

A.aboyandagirlusuallyfightwhentheyaretogether

B.peopletendtobetogethermorethantheyusedtobe

C.alotofpeoplebeingtogethermakesfightslikely

D.railwayleadstheworldtopeace

问题2选项

A.therailwayenablespeopletotravelfast

B.therailwaybringscomforttopeople

C.therailwaymakestheworldpeaceful

D.therailwayleadstheworldtowaraswell

问题3选项

A.tunnelsaredangeroustopublichealth

B.thenoiseandtheglareoftheenginefiremayaffectpeople’snerves

C.therapidspeedthroughtheairdoesdamagetopeople’slungs

D.tothosewithhighblood-pressure,therapidspeedofthetraincausesthemtodie

问题4选项

A.theauthorbelongstotheanti-railwaygroup

B.theauthorbelongstothefor-railwaygroup

C.theauthorspeakshighlyoftherailway

D.theauthormaynevertaketrainbecauseofitspotentialdangers

问题5选项

A.Practical.

B.Satirical.

C.Humorous.

D.Exaggerated.

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:D

第3题:D

第4题:A

第5题:B

【解析】1.细节理解题。根据文章第一段最后一句，“themorewearetogether-themorechancesthereareofwar.Anyboyorgirlwhoisoneofalargefamilyknowsthat.”，可知男孩女孩们都知道，大家越是团结在一起，发生战争的机会就越大，选项C符合题意。

2.细节理解题。根据文章第一段，“Noneofthemforesawthatthemorewearetogether—themorechancesthereareofwar.”，可知没有人预见到铁路是发生战争机会越来越多的原因。选项D符合题意。

3.细节理解题。根据文章第二段第二句，“wouldbemostdangeroustopublichealth”，可知火车对人体健康是最危险的。选项A可排除。根据文章第二段第三句，“Thedeafeningnoiseandtheglareoftheenginefirewouldhaveabadeffectonthenerves.”，可知噪音和眩光对人的神经有影响，选项B可排除。根据第二段第四句，“woulddograveinjurytodelicatelungs.”，可知对人体肺部也有影响，选项C排除。选项D符合题意。

4.推断题。根据文章第一段，“Theydidnotforeseethattherailwaywouldbejustonemoremeansfortherapidmovementofaggressivearmies.”，可知人们没有预见铁路是敌军快速移动的一种方式，可推断出作者提出了火车的不好，表明了自己反对铁路的立场，所以他是反铁路组织的一员。选项A符合题意。

5.作者态度题。文章第二段提到了火车会对身体健康等各方面带来危害，最后一段还举到了一位作家对火车描述的例子，可见作者是运用了讽刺的语气来描写的。选项B符合题意。

4.单选题

TheworkersofspaceshuttleDiscoverygotintothebackoftheshuttletolookfor_______intheelectronicsthatsenddatafromthesensorstoonboardcomputers.

问题1选项

A.glitches

B.suspects

C.orbiters

D.pitches

【答案】A

【解析】glitch失灵，小故障；suspect嫌疑犯；orbiter盘旋物，人造卫星；pitch斜度。句意：航天飞机“发现者”号上的工作人员们进入飞机的后部，寻找将数据从传感器发送到机载计算机上的电子设备的故障。选项A符合句意。

5.单选题

Researchersaretryingtotellparentssomethingaboutwhatkindsofvideogameschildrenshouldbeplayingandhowmuchtimetheyshouldspenddoingit.Anewstudyconcludeswhatyou'vealreadysuspected:Youngboyswhoplayvideogamesdoworseonteststhanchildrenwhodon’t.Researcherswhofollowed64boysfromtheagesof6to9forfourmonthsdiscoveredthatthosewhoreceivedanewPlayStationIIgamingsystemearnedlowerreadingandwritingtestscoresthanchildrenwhodidnotgetthevideogameplayer.Thiscomesontheheelsofanotherrecentlyreportedstudyaboutvideogames,whichconcludedthatkidswhoplayviolentvideogamesbecomemoreaggressiveandlesscaring―regardlessofage,sexorculture―thanyoungpeoplewhodon'tplaythesegames.

ThestudyontheeffectsofvideogamesonschoolworkwasconductedbyDenisonUniversityassociateprofessorsRebertWeisandBrittanyCerankosky,whograduatedfromDenisonin2008.Itiscalled"EffectsofVideo-GameOwnershiponYoungBoys'AcademicandBehavioralFunctioning",andwillbepublishedinPsychologicalScience.

Boyswhoreceivedthesystemalsoshowedgreaterteacher-reportedacademicproblemsatfollow-upthanchildreninthecomparisongroup.Theresearchersfollowed64youngboysoverfourmonths.Parentsofthe64werepromisedaPlayStationIIgamingsysteminexchangefortheirparticipation,plusthreeEratedgames.Buthalfthefamiliesweregiventhevideogamingsystemimmediatelyandhalfwerepromiseditafterfourmonths.Thechildrenunderwentabatteryoftestsbeforeandafterthefourmonthsandparentsandteachersansweredquestionsabouthowtheboysbehavedinschoolandathome.

Theconclusionsshowthat,boyswhowerethefirsttogetthePlayStationsspentmoretimeplayingvideogamesthantheboyswhodidn'tgetitimmediately—39.3minutesversus9.3minutes.(Theboyswhodidn'tgetthegamingsystemrightawayplayedatafriend'shouse).BoyswhoweregiventhePlayStationsrightawayspent18.2minutesadayinafter-schoolacademicactivitiesversus31.6minutesforthekidswhoweren't.Theboyswhohadthevideogamesimmediatelyachievedlowerreadingandwritingtestscoresthanthosewhodidn't.ButthePlayStationsseemedtohavenoeffectontheboys'mathandproblemsolvingskills.

CerankoskysaidinastatementontheDenisonUniversityWebsitethatthereisn’t"necessarilysomethinginherentinvideogamesthatnegativelyaffectkids.""It'sanactivitythatdetractsfromtimethatcouldbespentonschoolwork,”shesaid.Ifyouarewonderingwhyweneededastudytotellusthat,theresearcherssaythatconventionalwisdomisnotalwaysaccurate,anditisimportanttoprovesuchbeliefsthroughexperimentation.

1.ThefirstparagraphimpliesthatEvaluationisneededbeforebuyingchildrenvideogames.T/F

2.Accordingtoresearchers,anewPlayStationIIgamingsystemhelpedstudentsimprovetheirreadingandwritingtestscores.T/F

3.Theeffectonyounggirlswhoplayviolentvideogamesprovestobelessseriousthanthatonyoungboyswhoplaythesameviolentvideogames.T/F

4.ThetworesearchersontheeffectsofvideogamesonschoolworkareDenisonUniversitygraduates.T/F

5.Parentsofthe64boyswhowerechosenforthestudywereimmediatelygivenaPlayStationIIgamingsysteminexchangefortheirparticipation.T/F

6.The64boyschosenweregivenaseriesoftestsbeforeandafterthefour-monthsresearch.T/F

7.Theboyswhodidn'tgetthegamingsystemrightawayplayedatafriend'shouse,buttheyplayeditforamuchshortertime.T/F

8.Theboyswhohadthevideogamesimmediatelyachievedmuchlowertestscoresonmaththanthosewhodidn't.T/F

9.Thestudyshowsifkidsspentthetimeonschoolworkthattheywastedongames,theycoulddobetteronreadingandwriting.T/F

10.Theresearcherssaythatconventionalwisdomisnotalwayscorrect.T/F

问题1选项

A.T

B.F

问题2选项

A.T

B.F

问题3选项

A.T

B.F

问题4选项

A.T

B.F

问题5选项

A.T

B.F

问题6选项

A.T

B.F

问题7选项

A.T

B.F

问题8选项

A.T

B.F

问题9选项

A.T

B.F

问题10选项

A.T

B.F

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:B

第3题:B

第4题:B

第5题:B

第6题:A

第7题:A

第8题:B

第9题:A

第10题:A

【解析】1.第一段提到“Anewstudyconcludeswhatyou'vealreadysuspected:Youngboyswhoplayvideogamesdoworseonteststhanchildrenwhodon’t.一项新的研究证实了人们怀疑的事情：玩电子游戏的男孩在测试中比不玩电子游戏的孩子考试成绩更差。”可推断“在为小孩买电子游戏前需要进行评估”陈述正确。

2.第一段提到“...whoreceivedanewPlayStationIIgamingsystemearnedlowerreadingandwritingtestscoresthanchildrenwhodidnotgetthevideogameplayer.收到新的PlayStationII游戏系统的孩子比没有收到该游戏系统的孩子在阅读和写作测试上的得分较低”可推断“研究者称新的PlayStationII游戏系统帮助学生提高了阅读和写作测试的得分”的陈述不正确。

3.第一段提到“…kidswhoplayviolentvideogamesbecomemoreaggressiveandlesscaring—regardlessofage,sexorculture~thanyoungpeoplewhodon'tplaythesegames.……玩暴力电子游戏的孩子不论年龄、性别或文化背景相比没有玩这些游戏的孩子会变得更有侵略性、更没有同情心”可知“暴力游戏对小孩的影响不分性别”，故该陈述“事实证明，对玩暴力电子游戏的年轻女孩的影响不如玩同样暴力电子游戏的年轻男孩严重。”不正确。

4.第二段提到“DenisonUniversityassociateprofessorsRebertWeisandBrittanyCerankosky,whograduatedfromDenisonin2008丹尼森大学副教授RebertWeis和在2008年毕业于丹尼森大学的BrittanyCerankosky”。“whograduatedfromDenisonin2008.”只是BrittanyCerankosky的后置定语，由此可推断“RebertWeis和BrittanyCerankosky两位研究人员并不都是丹尼森大学的毕业生”，故该陈述不正确。

5.第三段提到“Buthalfthefamiliesweregiventhevideogamingsystemimmediatelyandhalfwerepromiseditafterfourmonths.但是，一半的家庭是马上给予这个视频游戏系统，而另外一半的家庭是许诺在四个月以后给予该视频游戏系统”可推断该陈述“这64名被选中的参加这项研究的孩子父母立即获得了PlayStationII游戏系统，以此作为孩子们参与的条件。”不正确。

6.第三段提到“Thechildrenunderwentabatteryoftestsbeforeandafterthefourmonths...孩子们在四个月前后接受了一系列的测试”可推断该陈述“这64名被选中的男孩在四个月的研究前后接受了一系列测试。”正确。

7.倒数第二段第一-句提到“首先得到PlayStations游戏系统的小孩相比没有马上得到该游戏系统的小孩花更多时间玩视频游戏，前者花在游戏上的时间是39.3分钟，而在朋友家玩游戏的后者用在游戏上的时间是9.3分钟”，可推断该陈述“尽管那些没有马上拿到游戏系统的男孩在朋友家玩，但他们玩的时间要短得多”正确。

8.倒数第二段提到“ButthePlayStationsseemedtohavenoeffectontheboys'mathandproblemsolvingskills.但是，PlayStations视频游戏系统似乎对男孩的数学成绩和解决问题的能力没有影响。”可推断该陈述“马上得到视频游戏的男孩相比没有得到视频游戏的那些男孩取得更低的数学测试得分”不正确。

9.最后一段提到“thereisn’tnecessarilysomethinginherentinvideogamesthatnegativelyaffectkids视频游戏本身并没有对小孩产生负面影响的东西”、“It'sanactivitythatdetractsfromtimethatcouldbespentonschoolwork.它(即视频游戏)这是一项活动，它减少了可以花在功课上的时间”可推断该陈述“这项研究表明，如果孩子们把时间花在学习上，而不是浪费在游戏上，他们的阅读和写作可以更好。”正确。

10.最后一段提到“…theresearcherssaythatconventionalwisdomisnotalwaysaccurate,anditisimportanttoprovesuchbeliefsthroughexperimentation.研究人员说，传统的智慧并不总是准确的，通过实验来验证这些观点很重要。”可推断该陈述“研究人员认为传统智慧并不总是正确”正确。

6.单选题

YouhaveprobablyheardabouteliteuniversitiesofferingfreeonlinecoursesthroughCoursera.Injustthepastfewweeks,Courserahasadded12universities,includingPrinceton,DukeandJohnsHopkins.

Thecompany'swebsitesaysitsgoalisto“giveeveryoneaccesstotheworld-classeducationthathassofarbeenavailableonlytoaselectedfew’,andmuchofthenewscoveragehasfocusedonhowthiswilldemocratizelearning.TwoweeksafterCourseraannounceditsinitialroundofpartnerships,HarvardUniversityandtheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnologyannouncedaplantoinvest$60millioninasimilarcourseplatformcallededX,andathirdcompany,Udacity,announcedthatittoowouldjointhefray.

Despitenearuniversalenthusiasmforsuchprojects,it’simportanttotakeafewstepsback.First,althoughthecontentisfreenow,it’sunlikelythatitwillremainthatwayforlong.AccordingtoCoursera’scontracts,boththecompanyandtheschoolsplantomakeaprofit―theyjusthaven’tfiguredoutthebestwaytodothatyet.Butmoreimportant,I’mconcernedthatcomputer-aidedinstructionwillactuallywidenthegapbetweenthefinanciallyandeducationallyprivilegedandeveryoneelse,insteadofcloseit.

Intermsoflearningonthecollegelevel,theDepartmentofEducation,lookedatthousandsofresearchstudiesfrom1996to2008andfoundthatinhighereducation,studentsrarelylearnedasmuchfromonlinecoursesastheydidintraditionalclasses.Infact,thereportfoundthatthebiggestbenefitofonlineinstruction,camefromalearningenvironmentthatcombinedtechnologywithtraditionalmethods,butwarnedthattheuptickhadmoretodowiththeincreasedamountofindividualizedinstructionstudentsgotinthatenvironment,notthepresenceoftechnology.Forallbutthebrightest,themoretimestudentsspendwithtraditionalinstruction,thebettertheyseemtodo.

SupportersofonlinelearningsaythatallanyoneneedstoaccessagreateducationisastableInternetconnection.Butonly35%ofhouseholdsearninglessthan$25,000havebroadbandaccesstotheInternet,comparedwith94%ofhouseholdswithincomemorethan$100,000.Inaddition,accordingtothe2010ReportonMobileAccess,onlyhalfofblackandLatinosprimarilyusethen-cellphonestoaccesstheInternet,amuchmoreexpensiveandless-than-idealmethodfortakingpartinonlineeducation.Inshortytheexplosionofthistypeofeducation,thoughfreenow,mayleavebehindthestudentswhoneededucationthemost.

It’snothardtounderstandwhythechancetowatchlectures,passtestsandevengetaformalcertificatefromaneliteschoolwouldstirexcitement.ButtherecentlyreleasedreportontheAmericanDreammakesclear,afour-yearcollegedegreeistheonlytypeofeducationalinterventionthatpromotesupwardmobilityfromthelower-middleclass.Ifwereallywanttodemocratizeeducation,findingcreativewaystorealisticallyopenupcollegestodifferentcommunitieswilldomoretohelpthanamodelthatismorebeneficialforstudentswhoarealreadywealthy,academicallypreparedandhighlymotivated.Weoughttomakesurethateveryonehasaccesstothesameopportunities,orwewillfurtherwidentheopportunitygapswemeantoclose.

1.Itcanbeinferredfromtheresearchstudiesfrom1996to2008inparagraphfourthatinonlineinstruction,（

）.

2.Accordingtotheauthor,whichofthefollowingisNotthereasonwhycomputer-aidedinstructionwillactuallywidentheeducationalgap?

3.Theauthorconcludesthatifwewanttodemocratizeeducation,weshould

（

）.

4.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheauthor’sdevelopmentofthepassage?

问题1选项

A.studentscanbenefitthemostfromthepresenceoftechnology

B.whatmattersistheincreasedamountofindividualizedinstruction

C.studentscanlearnmorecomparedwithintraditionalone

D.themoretimetheclevereststudentsspend,thehigherscorestheyget

问题2选项

A.Companiesandschoolswanttomakeaprofitfromonlinecourses.

B.Onlineinstruction,won'thelpstudentsasmuchastraditionalclasses.

C.NoteveryonehastheequalaccesstoInternetconnection.

D.It’sunrealistictoprovideonlinecoursestopeoplefromdifferentcommunities.

问题3选项

A.attendlectures,andgetacollegedegreehian.eliteschool

B.signupforvariousonlinecoursesandgetaformalcertificate

C.establishcollegesforstudentsofdifferentbackgroundscreativelyandrealistically

D.guaranteethathighlymotivatedstudentshavethesameopportunityasothers.

问题4选项

A.Introducingtheissueraisinghisownpointofviewofferingreasonsanddescribingtheactualstatuscitingwaystodealwiththeissue.

B.Citingwaystodealwiththeissueofferingreasonsanddescribingtheactualstatusraisinghisownpointofviewintroducingtheissue.

C.Raisinghisownpointofviewcitingwaystodealwiththeissueofferingreasonsanddescribingtheactualstatusintroducingtheissue.

D.Raisinghisownpointofviewintroducingtheissuecitingwaystodealwiththeissueofferingreasonsanddescribingtheactualstatus.

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:A

第3题:C

第4题:A

【解析】1.根据文章第四段‘inhighereducation,studentsrarelylearnedasmuchfromonlinecoursesastheydidintraditionalclasses.Infact,thereportfoundthatthebiggestbenefitofonlineinstruction,camefromalearningenvironmentthatcombinedtechnologywithtraditionalmethods,butwarnedthattheuptickhadmoretodowiththeincreasedamountofindividualizedinstructionstudentsgotinthatenvironment,notthepresenceoftechnology.Forallbutthebrightest,themoretimestudentsspendwithtraditionalinstruction,thebettertheyseemtodo.在高等教育中，学生从在线课程中学到的东西很少像在传统课程中那么多。事实上，该报告发现在线教学最大的好处来自于一个将技术与传统方法结合起来的学习环境，但报告警告称这种增长更多地与学生在这种环境中获得的个性化教学数量的增加有关，而不是技术的存在。除了最聪明的学生外，所有学生花在传统教学上的时间越多，他们似乎做得越好。‘确定A选项‘学生可以从科技的存在中获益最多’、C选项‘与传统教育相比，学生可以学到更多’错误，D选项‘最聪明的学生花的时间越多，他们的分数就越高’没有提及，所以B选项正确。

2.根据第三段第二句‘First,althoughthecontentisfreenow,it’sunlikelythatitwillremainthatwayforlong.首先，尽管内容现在是免费的，但这种情况不太可能持续太久。’可知A选项‘公司和学校都想从在线课程中获利’不是扩大教育差距的原因，A选项符合题意，

3.根据文章最后一段倒数第二句’Ifwereallywanttodemocratizeeducation,findingcreativewaystorealisticallyopenupcollegestodifferentcommunitieswilldomoretohelpthanamodelthatismorebeneficialforstudentswhoarealreadywealthy,academicallypreparedandhighlymotivated.如果我们真的想让教育民主化，找到创造性的方法，切实地向不同的社区开放大学，这将比一种模式更有帮助，这种模式更有利于那些已经富有、学业准备充分、积极性很高的学生。可知C选项‘创造性地、现实地为不同背景的学生建立大学’符合题意。

4.文章最后提出解决措施，所以排序最后应该是citingwaystodealwiththeissue，确定A选项正确。

7.单选题

Whydocsavegetarianrestaurantmakeitsdishesresemblemeatineverywayexcept（）?

问题1选项

A.ingredients

B.elements

C.components

D.compounds

【答案】A

【解析】句意:为什么素食餐馆使其食物除了成分外，其他都像肉类呢？

考查名词辨析。ingredient（食物等的）成分；element因素；component（机器等的）元件、部件；compound（化学等的）合成物。因此A符合句意。

8.单选题

9.

问题1选项

A.Sheisfreezingcold.

B.Sheiscrazyabouticecream.

C.Shehasaheadache.

D.Shehasbrainfever.

【答案】C

【解析】M:Don’teaticecreamsofast.

W:Toolate.I’vealreadyhaveabrainfreeze.

Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?

【解析】推断题。女士说：I’vealreadyhaveabrainfreeze，即她已经头痛了。

9.单选题

Wecannotalways（）thewind,sonewwindmillsshouldbesodesignedthattheycanalsobedrivenbywater.

问题1选项

A.hangon

B.holdon

C.counton

D.comeon

【答案】C

【解析】词组辨析。hangon“坚持下去，不挂断”；holdon“坚持，继续”；counton“指望，依靠”；comeon“开始”。句意：我们不能总是依靠风，所以新的风车应该设计得也能由水驱动。选项C符合题意。

10.单选题

BesidesthoseIhavenamed,therewasnotinBritainthemanlivingwhomI（）,unlessitweretheDukeofWellington,whomIafterwardssawatWestminsterAbbey,atthefuneralofWilberforce.

问题1选项

A.caredforbeholding

B.caredtobehold

C.caredtobebeheld

D.caredforbeingbeheld

【答案】B

【解析】语法和固定搭配。caretodosth.“想做某事，愿意做某事”;carefor“关心，喜欢”；behold“看，看见”。根据句子结构，可知空格中应该填入定语从句的谓语，先行词为theman，关系代词为whom，theman和behold之间是主动关系，选项C和D可排除。句意：除了我所提到的那些人以外，在英国没有一个活着的人是我所愿意见到的，除非是Wellington,公爵，我后来在威伯福斯的葬礼上在威斯敏斯特大教堂见到了他。选项B符合题意。

11.单选题

I（

）myeyesroundtheroombutsawnothingunusual.

问题1选项

A.jerked

B.flung

C.tossed

D.cast

【答案】D

【解析】考查固定搭配。A选项jerk“猛拉”；B选项flung“猛推”；C选项toss“抛，投”；D选项cast“投掷”。castone’seyes为固定搭配，意为“扫视”。句意：我环视了房间的四周，但没有发现什么异常。选项D符合句意。

12.单选题

Hewas（

）totakeoverthedutiesandresponsibilitiesofhisfatherfromanearlyage.

问题1选项

A.deduced

B.damped

C.diminished

D.destined

【答案】D

【解析】固定搭配。句意:他注定从小就要从他父亲那接过所有的担子和责任。

Bedestinedtodosth.注定要做某事。

13.单选题

Thesupplyofelectricpowertothecityanditsneighboringdistrictshashadtobe______.

问题1选项

A.weakened

B.minimized

C.restricted

D.slowed

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词辨析。A项weaken“减少，使变弱”，B项minimize“使减到最少，小看”，C项restrict“限制，约束”，D项slow“变慢，阻碍”。根据关键词Thesupplyofelectricpower“电力供应”可知，空格部分表示“限制”更符合语境。句意：这个城市及其邻近地区的电力供应不得不受到限制。因此，该题选择C项正确。

14.单选题

Becauseofthemassiveoilspillageinthegulf,boththeplantandanimallivesintheareaarein（）.

问题1选项

A.destiny

B.amenity

C.jeopardy

D.tragedy

【答案】C

【解析】名词辨析题。destiny"命运,天命";amenity"娱乐设施";jeopardy"危险,危难";injeopardy指处于危险境地;tragedy"灾难,悲剧"。句意：由于海湾大量石油泄漏，该地区的动植物都处于危险之中。选项C正确。

15.单选题

Hardly（）openedtheletter（）rushedoutofthehouse,wildwithjoy.

问题1选项

A.didhe,whenhe

B.hadhe,whenhe

C.hadhe,didhe

D.didhe,hewhen

【答案】B

【解析】考查部分倒装。当Hardly在句首时，为固定的倒装，且和when搭配，为Hardly…when…，可排除C选项。空格后open是实义动词且已经是ed形式，证明之前不能使用did（使用did，open要相对应的使用原型），排除A,D选项，句意：他一打开信，就欣喜若狂地冲出了房子。因此B选项正确。

16.单选题

2.

问题1选项

A.Takeaholidayfromwork.

B.Worrylessaboutwork.

C.Takesomesleepingpills.

D.Workhardertoforgetallhertrouble.

【答案】B

【解析】W:IsthereanythingelseIcandotohelpmesleeptonight?

M:Don’tworrysomuchaboutthingsofwork.Iknow,Iknow,easiersaidthandone.

W:ShouldIstayhomefromwork?

M:No,Idon’tthinkthat’snecessary,justremembertostaycalm.

Q:Whatdidthedoctorsuggestthewomando?

【解析】细节题。医生建议：Don’tworrysomuchaboutthingsofwork（少想工作），故选B。

17.不定项选择题

Painting,theexecutionofformsandshapesonasurfacebymeansofpigment,hasbeencontinuouslypracticedbyhumansforsome20,000years.Togetherwithotheractivities（1）ritualisticinoriginbuthavecometobedesignatedasartistic(suchasmusicordance),paintingwasoneoftheearliestwaysinwhichman（2）toexpresshisownpersonalityandhis（3）understandingofanexistencebeyondthematerialworld.（4）musicanddance,however,examplesofearlyformsofpaintinghavesurvivedtothepresentday.Themoderneyecanderiveaestheticaswellasantiquariansatisfaction（5）the15,000-year-oldcavemuralsofLascaux--someexamples（6）totheconsiderablepowersofdraftsmanshipoftheseearlyartists.Andpainting,likeotherarts,exhibitsuniversalqualitiesthat（7）forviewersofallnationsandcivilizationstounderstandandappreciate.

Themajor（8）examplesofearlypaintinganywhereintheworldarefoundinWesternEuropeandtheSovietUnion.Butsome5,000yearsago,theareasinwhichimportantpaintingswereexecuted（9）totheeasternMediterraneanSeaandneighboringregions.（10）,WesternsharedaEuropeanculturaltradition--theMiddleEastandMediterraneanBasinand,later,thecountriesoftheNewWorld.

Westernpaintingisingeneraldistinguishedbyitsconcentration（11）therepresentationofthehuman（12）,whetherintheheroiccontextofantiquityorthereligiouscontextoftheearlyChristianandmedievalworld.TheRenaissance（13）thistraditionthrougha（14）examinationofthenaturalworldandaninvestigationofbalance,harmony,andperspectiveinthevisibleworld,linkingpainting（15）thedevelopingsciencesofanatomyandoptics.Thefirstreal（16）fromfigurativepaintingcamewiththegrowthoflandscapepaintinginthe17thand18thcenturies.Thelandscapeandfigurativetraditionsdevelopedtogetherinthe19thcenturyinanatmospherethatwasincreasingly（17）“painterly”qualitiesofthe（18）oflightandcolorandtheexpressivequalitiesofpainthandling.Inthe20thcenturytheseinterests（19）tothedevelopmentofathirdmajortraditioninWesternpainting,abstractpainting,whichsoughtto（20）andexpressthetruenatureofpaintandpaintingthroughactionandform.

问题1选项

A.mayhavebeen

B.thatmayhave

C.mayhave

D.thatmayhavebeen

问题2选项

A.seek

B.soughtfor

C.seekfor

D.sought

问题3选项

A.emergency

B.emerging

C.merging

D.merger

问题4选项

A.As

B.Like

C.Unlike

D.Since

问题5选项

A.for

B.to

C.into

D.from

问题6选项

A.ratify

B.certify

C.testify

D.gratify

问题7选项

A.makeiteasy

B.makeeasy

C.makehard

D.makeithard

问题8选项

A.extinct

B.extant

C.extent

D.exterior

问题9选项

A.hadshifted

B.shifted

C.shifting

D.haveshifted

问题10选项

A.Nevertheless

B.Moreover

C.Therefore

D.However

问题11选项

A.to

B.on

C.in

D.for

问题12选项

A.shadow

B.shape

C.figure

D.form

问题13选项

A.extracted

B.extruded

C.extorted

D.extended

问题14选项

A.close

B.closing

C.closed

D.closure

问题15选项

A.on

B.to

C.in

D.for

问题16选项

A.breakdown

B.breakage

C.break

D.breaking

问题17选项

A.concerning

B.concernedwith

C.concerningwith

D.concernedfor

问题18选项

A.reaction

B.action

C.relation

D.interaction

问题19选项

A.distributed

B.contributed

C.attributed