考研考博-英语-安徽工业职业技术学院考试押题三合一+答案详解1

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-安徽工业职业技术学院考试押题三合一+答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

Ididn’tlistentoMomandIwasnotsurprisedatthelookof（）onherface.

问题1选项

A.indifference

B.compliment

C.negligence

D.reproach

【答案】D

【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项indifference“漠不关心；不重视；中立”；B选项compliment“恭维；称赞；问候”；C选项negligence“疏忽；忽视”；D选项reproach“责备；责骂”。句意：我没有听妈妈的话，看到她脸上责备的表情，我并不感到惊讶。题干中说到“Ididn’tlistentoMom我没有听妈妈的话”，而“责备”符合语境，因此D选项正确。

2.写作题

Directions:Forthispart,youarerequiredtowriteacompositiononthetopic“UncivilizedBehaviorsinPublic”Youshouldwriteatleast160wordsandyoushouldbaseyourcompositionontheoutline(inChinese)below:

1.在公共场合有哪些不文明行为

2.造成这些不文明行为的原因

3.怎样改进这些不文明行为

【答案】略

3.单选题

Happinessusedtohaveamuchbroadermeaning—tiedtotheideaofa_______andmeaningfullife一butnowit'salmostindistinguishablefrompleasure.

问题1选项

A.virtuous

B.depraved

C.vicious

D.malicious

【答案】A

【解析】virtuous善良的，有道德的；depraved堕落的，卑鄙的；vicious恶意的，刻毒的；malicious蓄意的，恶毒的。句意：在过去,幸福有一个更广泛的含义——与道德高尚和有意义的生活观念紧密联系在一起——但现在几乎和快乐无法区分。选项A符合句意。

4.单选题

Hisargumentdoesnotsuggestthatmankindcan（）tobewastefulintheutilizationoftheseresources.

问题1选项

A.resort

B.grant

C.afford

D.entitle

【答案】C

【解析】句意:他的论据未标明，人类在这些资源的使用上能浪费得起。

考查动词辨析。resort常去，求助，诉诸，resortto依靠，求助于；;grant授予，允许，承认，grantto同意给予，准予；afford给予，提供，承担得起;affordto（有条件）做，承担得起，负担得起；entitle给……称号，使……有权利。因此C符合句意。

5.单选题

TheAmericanslostthenuclearweaponmonopolywhentheSovietsexplodedtheirfirstatomicbomb.

问题1选项

A.control

B.business

C.superiority

D.privilege

【答案】A

【解析】句意：苏联第一颗原子弹爆炸后，美国失去了核武器的垄断地位。monopoly意为“垄断，专卖”，也就是具有控制权。所以control与之意思相近。

6.单选题

Egyptiansareveryfriendlypeople,andeventhepoorestpersonwillshow______toastranger.

问题1选项

A.hostility

B.indignation

C.hospitality

D.humanity

【答案】C

【解析】考查名词辨析。A项hostility“敌意”，B项indignation“愤慨，愤怒”，C项hospitality“好客，殷勤”，D项humanity“人道，人类”。根据前半句Egyptiansareveryfriendlypeople（埃及人非常友好）可知，空格部分应该表示“好客”。句意：埃及人非常友好，即使是最贫穷的人也会对陌生人表现出热情好客。因此，该题选择C项正确。

7.单选题

InDisneylandeveryyear,some800,000plantsarereplacedbecauseDisneyrefusedto（

）signsaskinghis“guests”nottostepontherm.

问题1选项

A.putdown

B.putout

C.putup

D.putoff

【答案】C

【解析】词组辨析题。putdown镇压，贬低；putout熄灭，打扰；putup提供，建造，张贴；putoff推迟，阻止。

句意：在迪斯尼乐园，每年大约有80万个植物被替换，因为迪斯尼拒绝张贴告示要求游客不要踩到植物。选项C符合句意。

8.单选题

Therehasbeenacollision（）anumberofcarsonthemainroadtotown.

问题1选项

A.composing

B.consisting

C.involving

D.engaging

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词辨析。compose“组成，构成”；consist“由…组成”；involve“包含，涉及”；engage“雇佣，参加”。句意：在通往小镇的主路上发生了一起碰撞，涉及到许多小轿车。C项符合题意。

9.单选题

SinceWorldWarIIconsiderableadvanceshavebeenmadeintheareaofhealth-careservices.Theseincludebetteraccesstohealthcare(particularlyforthepoorandminorities),improvementsinphysicalplants,andincreasednumbersofphysiciansandotherhealthpersonnel.Allhaveplayedapartintherecentimprovementinlifeexpectancy.Butthereismountingcriticismofthelargeremaininggapsinaccess,unbridledcostinflation,thefurtherfragmentationofservice,excessiveindulgenceinwastefulhigh-technology“gadgeteering,”andabreakdownindoctor-patientrelationships.Inrecentyearsproposedpanaceasandnewprograms,smallandlarge,haveproliferatedatafeverishpaceanddisappointmentsmultiplyatalmostthesamerate.Thishasledtoanincreasedpessimism—“everythinghasbeentriedandnothingworks”—whichsometimesbordersoncynicismorevennihilism.

Itistruethattheautomatic“passthrough”ofrapidlyspiralingcoststogovernmentandinsurancecarriers,whichwassetinapublicizedenvironmentof“therichestnationintheworld,”producedforatimeasenseofunlimitedresourcesandallowedtodevelopamoodwherebyeverypractitionerandinstitutioncould“dohisownthing”withoutundueconcernforthe“MedicalCommons.”Thepracticeoffull-costreimbursementencouragedcapitalinvestmentandnowtheindustryisovercapitalized.Manycitieshavehundredsofexcesshospitalbeds;hospitalshaveproliferatedasuperabundanceofhigh-technologyequipment;andstructuralostentationandluxuryweretheorderoftheday.Inanygivenday,one-fourthofallcommunitybedsarevacant;expensiveequipmentisunderusedor,worse,usedunnecessarily.Capitalinvestmentbringsrapidlyrisingoperatingcosts.

Yet,inpart,thispessimismderivesfromexpectingtoomuchofhealthcare.Itmustberealizedthatcareis,formostpeople,apainfulexperience,oftenaccompaniedbyfearandunwelcomeresults.Althoughthereisvastroomforimprovement,healthcarewillalwaysretainsomeunpleasantnessandfrustration.Moreover,thecapacitiesofmedicalsciencearelimited.HumptyDumptycannotalwaysbeputbacktogetheragain.Toomanyphysiciansarereluctanttoadmittheirlimitationstopatients;toomanypatientsandfamiliesareunwillingtoacceptsuchrealities.Norisittruethateverythinghasbeentriedandnothingworks,asshownbytheprepaidgrouppracticeplansoftheKaiserFoundationandatPugetSound.Inthemain,however,suchundertakingshavebeendrownedbyaveritablefloodofpublicandprivatemoneyswhichhavesupportedandencouragedthecontinuationofconventionalpracticesandsubsidizedtheirshortcomingsonamassive,almostunrestrictedscale.Exceptforthemostidealisticanddedicated,therewerenoincentivestoseekchangeortopracticeself-restraintorfrugality.Inthisatmosphere,itisnotfairtocondemnasfailuresallattemptedexperiments;itmaybemoreaccuratetosaymanyneverhadafairtrial.

1.TheauthorimpliesthattheKaiserFoundationandPugetSoundplans(lines47-48)differedfromotherplansby（

）.

2.Theauthormentionsallofthefollowingasconsequencesoffull-costreimbursementEXCEPT（

）.

3.Thetoneofthepassagecanbestbedescribedas（

）.

4.Accordingtotheauthor,the“pessimism”mentionedatline35ispartlyattributabletothefactthat（

）.

5.Theauthorcitestheprepaidplansinlines46-48as（

）.

6.Itcanbeinferredthatthesentence“HumptyDumptycannotalwaysbeputbacktogetheragain”meansthat（

）.

7.Withwhichofthefollowingdescriptionsofthesystemforthedeliveryofhealth-careserviceswouldtheauthormostlikelyagree?

8.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesthelogicalstructureoftheselection?

9.Theauthor’sprimaryconcernisto（

）.

问题1选项

A.encouragingcapitalinvestment

B.requiringphysicianstotreatthepoor

C.providingincentivesforcostcontrol

D.employingonlydedicatedandidealisticdoctors

E.relyingprimarilyonpublicfunding

问题2选项

A.risingoperatingcosts

B.underusedhospitalfacilities

C.overcapitalization

D.overrelianceonexpensiveequipment

E.lackofservicesforminorities

问题3选项

A.light-heartedandamused

B.objectivebutconcerned

C.detachedandunconcerned

D.cautiousbutsincere

E.enthusiasticandenlightened

问题4选项

A.therehasbeenlittlerealimprovementinhealth-careservices

B.expectationsabouthealth-careservicesaresometimesunrealistic

C.largesegmentsofthepopulationfinditimpossibletogetaccesstohealth-careservices

D.advancesintechnologyhavemadehealthcareserviceunaffordable

E.doctorsarenowlessconcernedwithpatientcare

问题5选项

A.counterexamplestotheclaimthatnothinghasworked

B.examplesofhealth-careplansthatwereover-funded

C.evidencethathealth-careservicesarefragmented

D.proofofthetheorythatnoplanhasbeensuccessful

E.experimentsthatyieldeddisappointingresults

问题6选项

A.thecostofhealth-careserviceswillnotdecline

B.somepeopleshouldnotbecomedoctors

C.medicalcareisnotreallyessentialtogoodhealth

D.illnessisoftenunpleasantandevenpainful

E.medicalsciencecannotcureeveryill

问题7选项

A.Itisbiasedinfavorofdoctorsandagainstpatients.

B.Itishighlyfragmentedandcompletelyineffective

C.Ithasnotembracednewtechnologyrapidlyenough

D.Itisgenerallyeffectivebutcanbeimproved

E.Itdiscouragespeoplefromseekingmedicalcare

问题8选项

A.Thethirdparagraphisintendedasarefutationofthefirstandsecondparagraphs.

B.Thesecondandthirdparagraphsexplainandputintoperspectivethepointsmadeinthefirstparagraph.

C.Thesecondandthirdparagraphsexplainandputintoperspectivethepointsmadeinthefirstparagraph.

D.Thefirstparagraphdescribesaproblem,andthesecondandthirdparagraphspresenttwohornsofadilemma.

E.Thefirstparagraphdescribesaproblem,theseconditscauses,andthethirdapossiblesolution.

问题9选项

A.criticizephysiciansandhealth-careadministratorsforinvestingintechno¬logicallyadvancedequipment

B.examinesomeproblemsaffectingdeliveryofhealth-careservicesandassesstheirseverity

C.defendthemedicalcommunityfromchargesthathealth-carehasnotimprovedsinceWorldWarII

D.analyzethereasonsforthehealth-careindustry’sinabilitytoprovidequalitycaretoallsegmentsofthepopulation

E.describethepeculiareconomicfeaturesofthehealth-careindustrythatarethecausesofspiralingmedicalcosts

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:E

第3题:B

第4题:B

第5题:A

第6题:E

第7题:D

第8题:C

第9题:B

【解析】1.细节推断题。根据题干关键词theKaiserFoundationandPugetSound，将信息点定位为文章第三段。根据“Norisittruethateverythinghasbeentriedandnothingworks,asshownbytheprepaidgrouppracticeplansoftheKaiserFoundationandatPugetSound.（凯泽基金会（KaiserFoundation）和普吉特湾（PugetSound）的预付团体实践计划（grouppracticeplans）表明，并非所有的尝试都是徒劳的。）”“Exceptforthemostidealisticanddedicated,therewerenoincentivestoseekchangeortopracticeself-restraintorfrugality.（除了那些最理想主义、最执着的人，他们没有寻求改变的动力，也没有自我约束或节俭的动力。）”从而得出本题答案。

2.

细节信息题。信息点定位到原文第一、二段。选项E与原文第二句所给信息不符，“Theseincludebetteraccesstohealthcare（particularlyforthepoorandminorities）,improvementsinphysicalplants,andincreasednumbersofphysiciansandotherhealthpersonnel.（这些措施包括更好地获得卫生保健（特别是对穷人和少数民族），改善物理植物，增加医生和其他卫生人员的数量。）”从而得出本题答案。

3.

观点态度题。通读全文，可以感受到作者行文态度十分客观，运用客观事实表达自己的观点，且对出现的问题十分在意。从而得出本题答案。

4.

细节信息题。根据题干关键词pessimism，将信息点定位到原文第三段第一句。“Yet,inpart,thispessimismderivesfromexpectingtoomuchofhealthcare.（然而，这种悲观情绪在一定程度上源于对医疗保健的过高期望。）”从而得出本题答案。

5.

细节推断题。根据题干关键词prepaidplans，将信息点定位到第三段第七句。“Norisittruethateverythinghasbeentriedandnothingworks,asshownbytheprepaidgrouppracticeplansoftheKaiserFoundationandatPugetSound.（泽基金会（KaiserFoundation）和普吉特湾（PugetSound）的预付团体实践计划（grouppracticeplans）表明，并非所有的尝试都是徒劳的。）”根据句子前半句可得出本题答案。

6.

细节推断题。根据原题信息“HumptyDumptycannotalwaysbeputbacktogetheragain”，可将信息点定位到原文第三段第五句。根据第三段第四句“Moreover,thecapacitiesofmedicalsciencearelimited.（此外，医学的能力是有限的。）”即可得出本题答案。

7.

主旨态度题。根据原文“SinceWorldWarIIconsiderableadvanceshavebeenmadeintheareaofhealth-careservices（自第二次世界大战以来，保健服务领域取得了相当大的进展）”“Moreover,thecapacitiesofmedicalsciencearelimited.（此外，医学的能力是有限的。）”等信息点的描述，即可得出本题答案。

8.

篇章结构题。通读全文，即可发现，文章首段提出问题，引出话题，紧接着第二段、第三段解释并表达了对这一问题的看法。

9.

主旨大意题。通读全文，即可得出作者观点，作者检查了一些影响医疗卫生服务分配的问题并对其严重性进行了评估。从而得出本题答案。

10.单选题

Questions1to4arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

问题1选项

A.Sheisagreatathlete.

B.Sheisafamedspeaker.

C.Sheisafamousscientist.

D.Sheisanotedinventor.

问题2选项

A.Howknowledgeofhumanbiochemistryhasbeenevolving.

B.Hownutritionhelpsathletes’performanceincompetitions.

C.Howscientifictrainingenablesathletestosetnewrecords.

D.Howtechnologyhashelpedathletestoscalenewheights.

问题3选项

A.Ourphysicalstructures.

B.Ourscientificknowledge.

C.Ourbiochemicalprocess.

D.Ourconceptofnutrition.

问题4选项

A.Itmayincreasetheexpensesofsportscompetitions.

B.Itmayleadtoathletes’overrelianceonequipment.

C.Itmaygiveanunfairadvantagetosomeathletes.

D.Itmaychangethenatureofsportscompetitions.

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:D

第3题:B

第4题:C

【解析】ConversationOne

M:Tonight,wehaveaveryspecialguest.[1]Mrs.AnnaSanchezisathree-timeOlympicchampionandauthorofthenewbookTotheEdge.Mrs.Sanchez,thankyouforjoiningus.

W:Thankyouforhavingme.

M:Let’sstartwithyourbook.Whatdoesthetitle“TotheEdge”mean?What’reyoureferringto?

W:[2]Thebookisabouthowscienceandtechnologyhashelpedpushhumanstotheedgeoftheirphysicalabilities.Iarguethatinthepast20years,we’vehadthebestathletestheworldhaseverseen.

M:Butisthisafaircomparison?Howdoyouknowhow,say,afootballplayerfrom50yearsagowouldcomparetoonetoday?

W:Well,youareright.Thatcomparisonwouldbeperhapsimpossibletomake.Butthepointismoreaboutourknowledgetodayofhumanbiochemistry,nutrition,andmechanics.[3]Ibelievethatwhileourbodieshavenotchangedinthousandsofyears,whathaschangedisthescientificknowledge.Thishasallowedathletestopushthelimitsofwhatwaspreviouslythoughtpossible.

M:That’sinteresting.Pleasetellusmoreabouttheseperceivedlimits.

W:Theworldisseeingsportsrecordsbeingbrokenthatcouldonlybebrokenwiththeaidoftechnology.Whetherthisbethespeedofatennisserveorthefastesttimeinahundred-meterdashortwo-hundred-meterswimmingrace.

M:[4]Isthereanyconcernthattechnologyisgivingsomeathletesanunfairadvantageoverothers?

W:Thatisaninterestingquestionandonethathastobeconsideredverycarefully.Skis,forexample,wentfrombeingmadeofwoodtoametalalloy,whichallowsforbettercontrolandfasterspeed.There’snostoppingtechnologicalprogress.But,asIsaid,eachsituationshouldbeconsideredcarefullyonacase-by-casebasis.

1.WhatdowelearnaboutAnnaSanchez?

【试题答案】A

【试题解析】题目问关于女士，我们可以了解到什么？对话开头男士提到今天的嘉宾AnnaSanchez是三届奥运会冠军（athree-timeOlympicchampion），因此A选项“她是名出色的运动员”正确。B选项“她是一位著名的演说家”和D选项“她是一位著名的发明家”在录音中没有信息提及；C选项“她是一位著名的科学家”，主要是利用录音中提到的science和scientific设干扰，录音中女士虽然提及科学，但这是为了说明科技对体育的影响，并不是说明女士的身份，因此不正确。

2.Whatisthewoman’sbookmainlyabout?

【试题答案】D

【试题解析】题目问女士的书主要讲什么？女士说这本书是关于科学和技术如何促使人类达到身体能力的极限。D选项“技术如何帮助运动员达到新的高度”与录音原文表述一致，因此正确。A选项“人类生物化学知识是如何进化的”和B选项“营养如何帮助运动员在比赛中的表现”虽然在录音中有所提及，但不是这本书的主要内容，因此均可排除；C选项“科学的训练如何使运动员创造新的纪录”，录音中并没有提到training（训练），因此C选项也可排除。

3.Whathaschangedinthepastthousandsofyears?

【试题答案】B

【试题解析】题目问在过去的几千年里发生了什么变化。女士提到，虽然人类的身体几千年来都没有改变，但改变的是科学知识（scientificknowledge），因此B选项“我们的科学知识”正确。A选项“我们的身体结构”，录音中明确提及人类身体是没有发生改变的，因此排除A选项；C选项“我们的生化过程”和D选项“我们的营养观念”，录音中提及的是：如今关于人类生化学、营养学和力学的知识已发生变化。变化的是知识，并不是过程和观念，因此均不正确。

4.Whatistheman’sconcernabouttheuseoftechnologyinsportscompetitions?

【试题答案】C

【试题解析】题目问的是关于在体育比赛中科技的运用，男士担心什么？录音最后，男士问是否有人担心科技会给一些运动员带来对其他运动员来说不公平的优势（anunfairadvantageoverothers），C选项“它可能给一些运动员不公平的优势”与原文表述一致，因此正确。A选项“可能增加体育比赛的费用”；B选项“可能导致运动员对设备的过度依赖”和D选项“可能会改变体育比赛的性质”在录音中均未提及，因此排除。

11.单选题

Weofferawidevarietyofservicestofityourrequest,（）webdesign,graphicdesign,webdevelopment,oranythingelse.

问题1选项

A.whethertheybe

B.whetheritbe

C.wouldtheybe

D.woulditbe

【答案】B

【解析】考查语法结构。句意：我们提供各种各样的服务，以满足您的要求，无论是网页设计，图形设计，网页开发，或任何其他。根据句意可知，这里表示的是“无论….”，可首先排除选项C和选项D；其次，原句中并列的几个选择性词组都是单数形式，所以这里的代词也应该使用单数，选项B为正确答案。

12.单选题

Themedicinewassupposedtocureallkindsof（）,rangingfromcoldstobackpains.

问题1选项

A.compliments

B.ailments

C.implements

D.commitments

【答案】B

【解析】名词辨析题。compliment恭维，称赞；ailment疾病，多指小病；implement工具，器具；commitment承诺，保证。句意：据说这种药可以治疗各种各样的疾病，从感冒到背痛都可以。选项B符合句意。

13.单选题

AstoutoldladywaswalkingwithherbasketdownthemiddleofastreetinPetrogradtothegreatconfusionofthetrafficandwithnosmallperiltoherself.Itwaspointedouttoherthatthepavementwastheplaceforpedestrians,butshereplied,“I’mgoingtowalkwhereIlike.We’vegotlibertynow.”Itdidnotoccurtothedearoldladythatiflibertyentitledthepedestriantowalkdownthemiddleoftheroad,thentheendofsuchlibertywouldbeuniversalchaos.Everybodywouldbegettingineverybodyelse’swayandnobodywouldgetanywhere.Individuallibertywouldhavebecomesocialanarchy.

Thereisadangeroftheworldgettingliberty—drunkinthesedaysliketheoldladywiththebasket,anditisjustaswelltoremindourselvesofwhattheruleoftheroadmeans.Itmeansthatinorderthatthelibertiesofallmaybepreserved,thelibertiesofeverybodymustbecurtailed.Whenthepoliceman,say,atPiccadillyCircusstepsintothemiddleoftheroadandputsouthishand,heisthesymbolnotoftyranny,butofliberty.Youmaynotthinkso.Youmay,beinginahurry,andseeingyourcarpulledupbythisinsolenceofoffice,feelthatyourlibertyhasbeenoutraged.Howdarethisfellowinterferewithyourfreeuseofthepublichighway?Then,ifyouareareasonableperson,youwillreflectthatifhedidnotinterferewithyou,hewouldinterferewithnoone,andtheresultwouldbethatPiccadillyCircuswouldbeamaelstromthatyouwouldnevercrossatall.Youhavesubmittedtoacurtailmentofprivatelibertyinorderthatyoumayenjoyasocialorderwhichmakesyourlibertyareality.

Libertyisnotapersonalaffaironly,butasocialcontract.Itisanaccommodationofinterests.Inmatterswhichdonottouchanybodyelse’sliberty,ofcourse,ImaybeasfreeasIlike.IfIchoosetogodowntheroadinadressing-gownwhoshallsaymenay?Youhavelibertytolaughatme,butIhavelibertytobeindifferenttoyou.AndifIhaveafancyfordyeingmyhair,orwaxingmymoustache(whichheavenforbid),orwearinganovercoatandsandals,orgoingtobedlateorgettingupearly,Ishallfollowmyfancyandasknoman’spermission.IshallnotinquireofyouwhetherImayeatmustardwithmymutton.Andyouwillnotaskmewhetheryoumayfollowthisreligionorthat,whetheryoumaypreferEllaWheelerWilcoxtoWordsworth,orchampagnetoshandy.

InalltheseandathousandotherdetailsyouandIpleaseourselvesandasknoone’sleave.Wehaveawholekingdominwhichwerulealone,candowhatwechoose,bewiseorridiculous,harshoreasy,conventionalorodd.Butdirectlywestepoutofthatkingdom,ourpersonallibertyofactionbecomesqualifiedbyotherpeople’sliberty.Imightliketopracticeonthetrombonefrommidnighttillthreeinthemorning.IfIwentontothetopofEveresttodoit,Icouldpleasemyself,butifIdoitinmybedroommyfamilywillobject,andifIdoitoutinthestreetstheneighborswillremindmethatmylibertytoblowthetrombonemustnotinterferewiththeirlibertytosleepinquiet.Therearealotofpeopleintheworld,andIhavetoaccommodatemylibertytotheirliberties.

Weareallliabletoforgetthis,andunfortunatelywearemuchmoreconsciousoftheimperfectionsofothersinthisrespectthanofourown.Areasonableconsiderationfortherightsorfeelingsofothersisthefoundationofsocialconduct.Itisinthesmallmattersofconduct,intheobservanceoftheruleoftheroad,thatwepassjudgmentuponourselves,anddeclarethatwearecivilizedoruncivilized.Thegreatmomentsofheroismandsacrificearerare.Itisthelittlehabitsofcommonplaceintercoursethatmakeupthegreatsumoflifeandsweetenormakebitterthejourney.

1.Theauthormighthavestatedhis“ruleoftheroad”as（）.

2.Theauthor’sattitudetotheoldladyinParagraph1is（）.

3.Asituationanalogoustothe“insolenceofoffice”describedinParagraph2wouldbe（）.

4.Theauthorassumesthathemaybeasfreeashelikesin（）.

5.Inthesentence“Weareallliable...”theauthoris（）.

问题1选项

A.donotwalkinthemiddleoftheroad

B.followtheordersofpolicemen

C.donotbehaveinconsideratelyinpublic

D.dowhatyoulikeinprivate

问题2选项

A.condescending

B.intolerant

C.objective

D.supportive

问题3选项

A.ateachercorrectinggrammarerrors

B.aneditorshorteningthetextofanarticle

C.ataxinspectordemandingtoseesomeone’saccounts

D.anarmyofficegivingorderstoasoldier

问题4选项

A.allmattersofdressandfood

B.anysituationwhichdoesnotinterferewiththelibertyofothers

C.anythingthatisnotagainstthelaw

D.hisownhome

问题5选项

A.pointingoutageneralweakness

B.emphasizinghismainpoint

C.counteringageneralmisconception

D.suggestingaremedy

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:B

第3题:C

第4题:B

第5题:A

【解析】第1题:ruleoftheroad出现在文章的第二段第一句话的后半句，作者在第一段中举了老太太不走人行道过马路这个例子来说明当时的社会风气。作者的观点是要懂得在公共场合体谅他人。选项C符合题意。

第2题:作者对老太太过马路不遵守交通规则持反对态度，认为她只顾自己的绝对自由而不管他人，所以选项B符合题意。

第3题:insolenceofoffice指的是前面提到的警察指挥交通，这种行为看似侵害到了个人自由，选项C“税务检察院检查某人的账目”与之相似，选项C符合题意。

第4题:文章第三段第二句话inmatterswhichdonottouchanybodyelse’sliberty,ofcourse,ImaybeasfreeasIlike提到绝对自由的前提是不要妨碍他人的自由，所以选项B符合题意。

第5题:句子位于文章最后一段第一句话，这个句子中的this指代上文提到的不应该妨碍他人的自由，人们很容易忘记这一点，人们容易看到别人的缺陷。作者指出人们都有这个缺点，选项A符合题意。

14.写作题

Thepassagecontainstenerrors.Eachindicatedlinecontainsamaximumofoneerror.Ineachcase,onlyonewordisinvolved.Youshouldproofreadthepassage,trytodetecttheerrorsandwritedownyourcorrectionsontheanswersheet.

【答案】1.【答案】which改为where

2.【答案】as改为than

3.【答案】So改为But

4.【答案】去掉about

5.【答案】you改为they

6.【答案】like改为as

7.【答案】takes改为gives

8.【答案】differ改为distinguish

9.【答案】others改为other

10.【答案】harmful改为harmless

【解析】1.【解题思路】分析句子可知，thereisalotoftalkaboutscience（有很多关于科学的讨论）是做society的定语，而society在从句中是作地点状语，所以要把关系代词which改为关系副词where。

2.【解题思路】根据moreignorant（更无知）可知，此处是比较级，而前后比较的是we和peoplewithcomparableeducation（受过类似教育的人），所以as要改为than。

3.【解题思路】前面说“很多孩子都知道怎么去组建电脑，用电脑写程序”，后面却说“如果要他们去解释物理的原理，他们什么都不知道”，前后逻辑是转折的关系，so表示因果，所以要把so改为but。

4.【解题思路】explain是及物动词，后面可以不用介词直接跟物，所以要把about去掉。

5.【解题思路】这一句的句意是“但是如果你要他们去解释物理的原理，他们一点都不知道”，主句的you应该改为they。

6.【解题思路】该句句意是“对科学的不理解导致了像对人类创造力的忽视这样的事情”，like表示举例，但前面的such只与as连用，表示“比如，诸如”，所以把like改为as。

7.【解题思路】giveriseto是固定搭配，表示“引起，使产生”，所以要把takes改为gives。

8.【解题思路】differ只能和from或者with搭配使用，根据between可知，此处differ使用不当，而distinguish可以和between或者from搭配，所以把differ改为distinguish。

9.【解题思路】others指两者及以上的人，该句是说“两者是截然不同的，能够胜任其中一项工作的人很少能够胜任另外一个工作”，根据thetwo（两者）可知此处others使用不当，所以要将others改为other，theother表示“另一个”。

10.【解题思路】该段第一句的句意是“科学本身或多或少是没有害处的”，第二句用了but转折，说明第二句与第一句有对比，第二句说“但一旦科学能提供技术，它不一定是有害的”，这明显与前句没有构成对比，第二句应该是说“但一旦科学能提供技术，它不一定是没有害处的”，所以要将harmful改为harmless。

15.单选题

Otherskepticspointoutthatsuchapeacefulrisehasno（

）inhumanhistory.

问题1选项

A.reference

B.allusion

C.inference

D.precedent

【答案】D

【解析】考察名词辨析。reference参考，参照；allusion暗指，典故；inference推理，推断；precedent先例。句意：其他怀疑论者指出，这样的和平崛起在人类历史上还没有先例。选项D符合句意。

16.单选题

Thisticket（）youtoafreemealinournewrestaurant.

问题1选项

A.gives

B.grants

C.entitles

D.credits

【答案】C

【解析】动词辨析题。根据句意：这张票使你有资格在我们新开的餐馆享受一顿免费的用餐。C选项entitle“使某人有...权利或资格”，后常接介词to意为“拥有...的权利”，符合语境；A选项give和B选项grant都有“授予”的意思，但接sb.的时候后不接介词，而是give/grantsb.sth.，所以均不正确；D选项credit做动词意为“相信，把...归给”，不符合语境。所以本题选C。

17.单选题

Manyhadbecomesocaughtupintheirownlivesthattheyhadletgoldenfriendships_______byovertheyears.

问题1选项

A.slip

B.stick

C.shift

D.skip

【答案】A

【解析】【选项释义】

A.slip悄悄疾行，溜B.stick粘贴，粘住

C.shift快速移动；转移，挪动D.skip蹦蹦跳跳地走

【答案】A

【考查点】动词辨析。

【解题思路】goldenfriendships和横线处构成主谓搭配关系，这里指的是美好的友谊因为无暇顾及而______，slip符合语境，指的是友谊在不知不觉间消失，因此A选项正确。

【干扰项排除】B、C、D选项不符合语境。

【句意】许多人一心扑在自己的生活上，以至于美好的友谊随着时间的流逝而溜走。

18.单选题

Thefirstanimalsonthislivingsphere,theEarth,wereprimitive（）animals,andthenaround500millionyearsagotheseseaanimalsdevelopedshells.

问题1选项

A.versatile

B.marine

C.predatory

D.feasible

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容词辨析。versatile“多才多艺的”；marine“海生的，海产的”；predatory“掠夺的，掠夺成性的”；feasible“可行的”。句意：地球上第一类动物是海洋类生物，5亿年前这些海洋生物逐渐长出了外壳。由后半句的“shells”可推知第一批动物是海生动物，没有外壳；而且只有B项能修饰动物。

19.单选题

Mostreligiousorganizationsdependonthe（）actionsoftheirmembersforfinancialandmaterialaid.

问题1选项

A.elemosynary

B.ellemosynary

C.elemosinary

D.eleemosynary

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。D选项eleemosynary“施舍的；慈善的；接受接济的”。A，B和C这三项在英语中不存在。句意为：大多数宗教组织依赖它们成员的慈善行为来获取资金和物资支持。根据句意可知D选项正确。

20.问答题

Theanswerliessomewhereintherealmofideology,inEuropeanattitudesnotjusttowarddefensespendingbuttowardpoweritself.ImportantasthepowergaphasbeeninshapingtherespectivestrategicculturesoftheUnitedStatesandEurope,ifthedisparityofmilitarycapabilitiesweretheonlyproblem,thesolutionwouldbefairlystraightforward.Withahighlyeducatedandproductivepopulationofalmost400millionpeopleanda$9trillioneconomy,EuropetodayhasthewealthandtechnologicalcapabilitytomakeitselfmoreofaworldpowerinmilitarytermsifEuropeanswantedtobecomethatkindofworldpower.Theycouldeasilyspendtwiceasmuchastheyarecurrentlyspendingondefenseiftheybelieveditnecessarytodoso.AndclosingthepowergapbetweentheUnitedStatesandEuropewouldprobablygosomewaytowardclosingthegapinstrategicperceptions.

ThereisacynicalviewcurrentinAmericanstrategiccirclesthattheEuropeanssimplyenjoythe"freeride"theyhavegottenundertheAmericansecurityumbrellaoverthepastsixdecades.GivenAmerica'swillingnesstospendsomuchmoneyprotectingthem,Europeanswouldratherspendtheirownmoneyonsocialwelfareprograms,longvacations,andshorterworkweeks.Butthereismoretothetransatlanticgulfthanagapinmilitarycapabilities,andwhileEuropemaybeenjoyingafreerideintermsofglobalsecurity,thereismoretoEurope'sunwillingnesstobuildupitsmilitarypowerthancomfortwiththepresentAmericanguarantee.Afterall,theUnitedStatesinthe19IhcenturywasthebeneficiaryoftheBritishnavy'sdominanceoftheAtlanticandtheCaribbean.ButthatdidnotstoptheUnitedStatesfromengaginginitsownpeacetimenavalbuildupinthe1880sand1890s,abuildupthatequippedittolaunchandwintheSpanish-Americanwar,acquirethePhilippines,andbecomeaworldpower.Late-nineteenth-centuryAmericansdidnottakecomfortfromtheirsecurity;theywereambitiousformorepower.

Europeanstodayarenotambitiousforpower,andcertainlynotformilitarypower.Europeansoverthepasthalfcenturyhavedevelopedagenuinelydifferentperspectiveontheroleofpowerininternationalrelations,aperspectivethatspringsdirectlyfromtheiruniquehistoricalexperiencesincetheendofWorldWarII.Theyhaverejectedthepowerpoliticsthatbroughtthemsuchmiseryoverthepastcenturyandmore.ThisisaperspectiveonpowerthatAmericansdonotandcannotshare,inasmuchastheformativehistoricalexperiencesontheirsideoftheAtlantichavenotbeenthesame.ConsideragainthequalitiesthatmakeuptheEuropeanstrategicculture:theemphasisonnegotiation,diplomacy,andcommercialties,oninternationallawovertheuseofforce,onseductionovercoercion,onmultilateralismoverunilateralism.ItistruethatthesearenottraditionallyEuropeanapproachest