考研考博-英语-山东城市建设职业学院考试押题三合一+答案详解2

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-山东城市建设职业学院考试押题三合一+答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

Artisconsideredbymanypeopletobelittlemorethanadecorativemeansofgivingpleasure.Thisisnotalwaysthecase,however;attimes,artmaybeseentohaveapurelyfunctionalsideaswell.SuchcouldbesaidofthesandpaintingsoftheNavahoIndiansoftheAmericanSouthwest;thesehaveamedicinalaswellasanartisticpurpose.

AccordingtoNavahotraditions,onewhosuffersfromeitheramentaloraphysicalillnesshasinsomewaydisturbedorcomeincontactwiththesupernatural—perhapsacertainanimal,aghost,orthedead.Tocounteractthisevilcontact,theillpersonoroneofhisrelativeswillemployamedicinemancalleda“singer”toperformahealingceremonywhichwillattractapowerfulsupernaturalbeing.

Duringtheceremony,whichmaylastfrom2to9days,the“singer”willproduceasandpaintingontheflooroftheNavahohogan(泥盖木屋).Onthelastdayoftheceremony,thepatientwillsitonthissandpaintingandthe“singer”willrubtheailingpartsofthepatient’sbodywithsandfromaspecificfigureinthesandpainting.Inthiswaythepatientabsorbsthepowerofthatparticularsupernaturalbeingandbecomesstronglikeit.Aftertheceremony,thesandpaintingisthendestroyedanddisposedofsoitspowerwillnotharmanyone.

Theartofsandpaintingishandeddownfromold“singers”totheirstudents.ThematerialsusedareeasilyfoundintheareastheNavahoinhabit;brown,red,yellow,andwhitesandstone,whichispulverized（替……弄碎）bybeingcrushedbetween2stonesmuchascornisgroundintoflour.The“singer”holdsasmallamountofthissandinhishandandletsitflowbetweenhisthumbandfore-fingerontoaclean,flatsurfaceonthefloor.Withasteadyhandandgreatpatience,heisthusabletocreatedesignsofstylizedpeople,snakesandothercreaturesthathavepowerintheNavahobeliefsystem.ThetraditionalNavahodoesnotallowreproductionofsandpaintings,sincehebelievesthesupernaturalpowersthattaughthimthecrafthaveforbiddenthis;however,suchreproductionscaninfactbepurchasedtodayintouristshopsinArizonaandNewMexico.ThesearedonebyeitherNavahoIndiansorbyotherpeoplewhowishtopreservethiscraft.

1.Thepurposeofthepassageisto_____.

2.Thepurposeofahealingceremonyliesin_____.

3.The“singer”rubssandonthepatientbecause_____.

4.Whatisusedtoproduceasandpainting?

5.Whichofthefollowingtitleswillbebesttosuitthepassage?

问题1选项

A.discussthemedicalusesofsandpaintingsinmedievalEurope

B.studythewaysNavahoIndianshandeddowntheirpaintingart

C.considerhowNavaho“singers”treattheirailmentswithsandpaintings

D.tellhowNavahoIndiansapplysandpaintingformedicalpurposes

问题2选项

A.pleasingtheghosts

B.attractingsupernaturalpowers

C.attractingghosts

D.creatingasandpainting

问题3选项

A.thepatientreceivesstrengthfromthesand

B.ithaspharmaceuticalvalue

C.itdecoratesthepatient

D.noneoftheabove

问题4选项

A.Paint

B.Beachsand

C.Rushedsandstone

D.Flour

问题5选项

A.ANewDirectionforMedicalResearch

B.TheNavahoIndians’SandPaintings

C.TheProcessofSandPaintingCreation

D.TheNavahoIndians’MedicalHistory

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:B

第3题:B

第4题:C

第5题:B

【解析】1.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】主旨大意题。第一步关注首段核心句，首段核心句是第一段最后一句SuchcouldbesaidofthesandpaintingsoftheNavahoIndiansoftheAmericanSouthwest;thesehaveamedicinalaswellasanartisticpurpose.“美国西南部纳瓦霍族印第安人的沙画就是这样；这些具有医学和艺术目的”。第二步，分析文章的行文结构，文章的行文是总分结构，先通过艺术也可以有其实际功能性这个话题引出美国印第安人的一种沙画，第二段讲述沙画的用途，第三段讲述“沙画”这种仪式的具体过程，最后一段讲沙画的传承。第三步，提炼复现词，第一段thesehaveamedicinalaswellasanartisticpurpose（这些具有医学和艺术目的）指的是沙画兼具艺术性和目的性；第二段Tocounteractthisevilcontact...（为了对抗这种邪恶的接触……）这里讲述了沙画的医疗目的；第三段倒数第二句Inthiswaythepatientabsorbsthepowerofthatparticularsupernaturalbeing（通过这种方式，病人吸收了那个特殊的超自然生物的力量）这里是讲述的沙画如何实现它的医疗目的；第四段downfrom，preserve这里可知这段讲述的是沙画的传承。综上可知文章的目的是为了讲述纳瓦霍印第安人如何将沙画用于医疗目的，所以答案选D“描述纳瓦霍印第安人如何将沙画用于医学目的”。

A选项“讨论中世纪欧洲的沙画的医学用途”，定位到第一段最后一句话SuchcouldbesaidofthesandpaintingsoftheNavahoIndiansoftheAmericanSouthwest...，从这里可知位置应该定位到美国而不是欧洲，这里属于反向干扰。

B选项“研究纳瓦霍印第安人传承他们绘画艺术的方式”，文章只是在第四段提到沙画的传承方式，不是文章的目的，这里属于以偏概全。

C选项“考虑纳瓦霍‘歌手’如何用沙画来治疗他们的疾病”，文章在第三段谈到“歌手”是如何用沙画来治愈患者的，不是文章的目的，这里属于以偏概全。

2.【试题答案】B

【试题解析】事实细节题。第一步，精准定位，定位到第二段第二句话Tocounteractthisevilcontact,theillpersonoroneofhisrelativeswillemployamedicinemancalleda“singer”toperformahealingceremonywhichwillattractapowerfulsupernaturalbeing.（为了对抗这种邪恶的接触，病人或他的一个亲戚会雇佣一个被称为“歌手”的药师来执行一个治疗仪式，这将吸引一个强大的超自然的存在），从这里可知答案选B。

A选项“取悦鬼魂”，定位到第二段第一句话AccordingtoNavahotraditions,onewhosuffersfromeitheramentaloraphysicalillnesshasinsomewaydisturbedorcomeincontactwiththesupernatural—perhapsacertainanimal,aghost,orthedead.从这里可知因为人被超自然能力折磨所以才生病，这种超自然能力可能是动物、鬼魂或者逝者，而做仪式的目的是抵抗这个超自然能力，不是为了取悦鬼魂，所以这里属于反向干扰。

C选项“吸引鬼魂”与A选项相同，做仪式的目的是抵抗这个超自然能力，不是为了吸引鬼魂，这里属于反向干扰。

D选项“创造沙画”与A选项相同，做仪式的目的是抵抗这个超自然能力，不是为了创造沙画，这里属于反向干扰。

3.【试题答案】B

【试题解析】推理判断题。第一步，寻找句内线索，定位到文章第一段最后一句话thesehaveamedicinalaswellasanartisticpurpose“这些具有医学和艺术目的”，第二步寻找上下文线索，从这里可知沙画有医疗作用，用沙子摩擦背部是医疗的一部分，所以答案选B选项

“这有医疗价值”。

A选项“病人从沙子中获得力量”根据题干定位到第三段倒数第二句话Inthiswaythepatientabsorbsthepowerofthatparticularsupernaturalbeingandbecomesstronglikeit.“通过这种方式，病人吸收了那个特殊的超自然的力量，并变得像它一样强大”，由这里可知用沙子摩擦病人是为了赶走疾病。从前文可知，“歌手”画沙画的目的是为了吸引超自然存在，因此用沙子摩擦病人不是为了从沙子里获取力量，而是为了获取被沙画吸引过来的超自然存在的力量从而达到赶走疾病的目的，这里属于偷换概念。

C选项“这用来装饰病人”文章没有提及，属于无中生有。

D选项“以上都不是”，因为B选项正确，所以D选项错误，这里属于反向干扰。

4.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】事实细节题。第一步，精准定位，根据题干定位到第四段第二句话ThematerialsusedareeasilyfoundintheareastheNavahoinhabit;brown,red,yellow,andwhitesandstone,whichispulverizedbybeingcrushedbetween2stonesmuchascornisgroundintoflour.“使用的材料很容易在纳瓦霍人居住的地区找到；棕色、红色、黄色和白色的砂岩，它们被两块石头压碎，就像玉米被磨成面粉一样”。第二步，综合理解，从这里可知沙画选材来自于sandstone“砂石”，所以答案选C选项“砂石”。

A选项“油画”，文章没有提及，属于无中生有。

B选项“海滩上的沙子”，文章没有提及，属于无中生有。

D选项“面粉”，定位到文章第四段第二句（见A选项），这里只是把砂石碾碎的过程比作玉米碾成面粉的过程，与沙画选材没有关系，这里属于曲解原文。

5.【试题答案】B

【试题解析】主旨大意题。第一步关注首段核心句，首段核心句是第一段最后一句SuchcouldbesaidofthesandpaintingsoftheNavahoIndiansoftheAmericanSouthwest;thesehaveamedicinalaswellasanartisticpurpose.“美国西南部纳瓦霍族印第安人的沙画就是这样；这些具有医学和艺术目的”。第二步，分析文章的行文结构，文章的行文是总分结构，先通过艺术也可以有其实际功能性这个话题引出美国印第安人的一种沙画，第二段讲述沙画的用途，第三段讲述“沙画”这种仪式的具体过程，最后一段讲沙画的传承。第三步，提炼复现词，第一段thesehaveamedicinalaswellasanartisticpurpose“这些具有医学和艺术目的”，指的是沙画兼具艺术性和目的性；第二段Tocounteractthisevilcontact...（为了对抗这种邪恶的接触……）这里讲述了沙画的医疗目的；第三段倒数第二句Inthiswaythepatientabsorbsthepowerofthatparticularsupernaturalbeing（通过这种方式，病人吸收了那个特殊的超自然生物的力量）这里是讲述沙画如何实现它的医疗目的；第四段downfrom，preserve这段讲述的是沙画的传承。综上可知整篇文章都是围绕着纳瓦霍族印第安人的沙画来展开的，所以B选项“纳瓦霍印第安人的沙画”作为题目最为合适。

A选项“医学研究的新方向”，文章只是提到沙画的医疗作用，但是没有说明这对现代医学有什么影响，这里属于无中生有。

C选项“沙画创作过程”，这只是文章第三段提到，不是整篇文章的中心，所以不能选，这里属于以偏概全。

D选项“纳瓦霍印第安人的医疗历史”，文章只是提到沙画的医疗作用，没有讲到印第安人的医疗史，这里属于无中生有。

2.单选题

InthisageofInternetchat,videogamesandrealitytelevision,thereisnoshortageofmindlessactivitiestokeepachildoccupied.Yet,despitethecompetition,my8-year-olddaughterRebeccawantstospendherleisuretimewritingshortstories.Shewantstoenteroneofherstoriesintoawritingcontest,acompetitionshewonlastyear.

AsawriterIknowaboutwinningcontest,andaboutlosingthem.Iknowwhatitisliketoworkhardonastoryonlytoreceivearejectionslipfromthepublisher.Ialsoknowthepressuresoftryingtoliveuptoareputationcreatedbypreviousvictories.Whatifshedoesn’twinthecontestagain?That’sthestrangethingaboutbeingapparent.Somanyofourownpastscarsanddashedhopescansurface.

ArevelationcamelastweekwhenIaskedher,“...Don’tyouwanttowinagain?”“No”,shereplied.“Ijustwanttotellthestoryofanangelgoingtofirstgrade.”

Ihadjustspentweekscorrectingherstoriesasshespontaneouslytoldthem.TellingmyselfthatIwasmerelyanexperiencedwriterguidingtheyoungwriteracrossthehall,Iofferedsuggestionsforcharacters,conflictsandendingsforhertales.Thestoryaboutafearfulangelstartingfirstgradewasquickly,“guided”bymeintothetaleofalittlegirlwithawildimaginationtakingherfirstmusiclesson.Ihadturnedhercontestintomycontestwithoutevenrealizingit.

Stayingbackandgivingkidsspacetogrowisnotaseasyasitlooks.BecauseIknowverylittleaboutfarmanimalswhousetoolsorangelswhogotofirstgrade,Ihadtoacceptthefactthatwasco-optingmydaughter’sexperience.

Whilesteppingbackwasdifficultforme,itwascertainlyagoodfirststepthatIwillquicklyfollowwithmoresteps,puttingmyselffarenoughawaytogiveherroombutcloseenoughtohelpifasked.AllthewhileIwillberemindingmyselfthatchildrenneedroomtoexperiment,growandfindtheirownvoices.

1.Whatdowelearnfromthefirstparagraph?

2.Whatdidtheauthorsayaboutherownwritingexperience?

3.WhydidRebeccawanttoenterthisyear’swritingcontest?

4.Theauthortookgreatpaintstorefineherdaughter’sstoriesbecause（）.

5.What’stheauthor’sadviceforparents?

问题1选项

A.Childrendofindlotsoffuninmanymindlessactivities.

B.Rebeccaismuchtoooccupiedtoenjoyherleisuretime.

C.Rebeccadrawsonalotofonlinematerialsforherwriting.

D.Alotofdistractionscompleteforchildren’stimenowadays.

问题2选项

A.Shedidnotquiteliveuptoherreputationasawriter.

B.Herwaytosuccesswasfullofpainsandfrustrations.

C.Shewasconstantlyunderpressureofwritingmore.

D.Mostofherstorieshadbeenrejectedbypublishers.

问题3选项

A.Shebelievedshepossessedrealtalentforwriting.

B.Shewassureofwinningwithhermother’shelp.

C.Shewantedtoshareherstorieswithreaders.

D.Shehadwonaprizeinthepreviouscontest.

问题4选项

A.shebelievedshehadtheknowledgeandexperiencetoofferguidance

B.shedidnotwanttodisappointRebeccawhoneededherhelpsomuch

C.shewastohelpRebeccarealizeherdreamsofbecomingawriter

D.shewasafraidRebecca’simaginationmightrunwildwhilewriting

问题5选项

A.Awritingcareer,thoughattractive,isnotforeverychildtopursue.

B.Childrenshouldbeallowedfreedomtogrowthroughexperience.

C.Parentsshouldkeepaneyeontheactivitiestheirkidsengagein.

D.Childrenshouldbegiveneverychancetovoicetheiropinion.

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:B

第3题:C

第4题:A

第5题:B

【解析】1.判断推理题。根据文章第一句，“InthisageofInternetchat,videogamesandrealitytelevision,thereisnoshortageofmindlessactivitiestokeepachildoccupied.”，在这个网络聊天、电子游戏和电视真人秀的时代，总有让孩子可以做的事情，并且这些活动不需要动脑。可判断出现在孩子们的时间完全被许多干扰因素占据了。选项D符合题意。

2.细节事实题。根据文章第二段，“AsawriterIknowaboutwinningcontest,andaboutlosingthem.Iknowwhatitisliketoworkhardonastoryonlytoreceivearejectionslipfromthepublisher.Ialsoknowthepressuresoftryingtoliveuptoareputationcreatedbypreviousvictories.”，作为一名作家，我知道什么是成功，什么是失败。我知道努力写一篇文章却收到出版商的退稿单是什么感觉。我也知道我承受着巨大的压力，为的是不辜负过去的胜利带来的荣誉。可判断出作者的写作经历充满痛苦和挫折。选项B符合题意。

3.细节事实题。根据文章第三段，“Ijustwanttotellthestoryofanangelgoingtofirstgrade.”，她只是想把一个关于天使上一年级的故事讲给别人听。可判断出丽贝卡想参加写作比赛的原因在于她想和读者分享她的故事。选项C符合题意。

4.细节事实题。根据文章第四段，“TellingmyselfthatIwasmerelyanexperiencedwriterguidingtheyoungwriteracrossthehall,Iofferedsuggestionsforcharacters,conflictsandendingsforhertales.”，我告诉自己，我只是一个经验丰富的作家，引导着年轻的作家穿过大厅，为她的故事提供人物、冲突和结局方面的建议。可判断出作者帮助女儿改善故事的原因在于她相信自己有知识和经验可以提供指导。选项A符合题意。

5.判断推理题。根据文章最后一句，“AllthewhileIwillberemindingmyselfthatchildrenneedroomtoexperiment,growandfindtheirownvoices.”，我也会提醒自己，孩子们需要实验的空间，需要成长的空间，需要拥有表达自我的声音。可判断出作者建议父母应该让孩子们通过自己的经历，自由成长。选项B符合题意。

3.单选题

Billisanexampleofaseverelydisabledpersonwhohasbecome（

）atmanysurvivalskills.

问题1选项

A.proficient

B.persistent

C.consistent

D.sufficient

【答案】A

【解析】proficient熟练的，精通的；persistent固执的，坚持的；consistent始终如一的，一致的；sufficient足够的，充分的。根据句意可知应该是精通技能，所以选项A正确。

4.单选题

Whethertheeyesare“thewindowsofthesoul”isdebatable,thattheyareintenselyimportantininterpersonalcommunicationisfact.Duringthefirsttwomonthsofababy’slife,thestimulusthatproducesasmileisapairofeyes.Theeyesneednotbereal:amaskwithtwodotswillproduceasmile.Significantly,arealhumanfacewitheyescoveredthenthefacewillnotmotivateasmile,norwillthesightofonlyoneeyethenthefaceispresentedinprofile.Thisattractiontoeyesasopposedtothenoseormouthcontinuesasthebabymatures.Inonestudy,whenAmericanfour-year-oldswereaskedtodrawpeople.75percentofthemdrewpeoplewithmouths,but99percentofthemdrewpeoplewitheyes.InJapan,however,wherebabiesarecarriedontheirmother’sback,infantstonotacquireasmuchattachmenttoeyesastheydoinothercultures.Asaresult,Japaneseadultsmakelittleuseofthefaceeithertoencodeordecodemeaning.Infact,Argylerevealsthatthe“properplacetofocusone’sgazeduringaconversationinJapanisontheneckofone'sconversationpartner’.

TheroleofeyecontactinaconversationalexchangebetweentwoAmericansiswelldefined:speakersmakecontactwiththeeyesoftheirlistenerforaboutonesecond,thenglanceawayastheytalk;inafewmomentstheyre-establisheyecontactwiththelistenerorreassurethemselvesthattheiraudienceisstillattentive,thenshifttheirgazeawayoncemore.Listeners,meanwhile,keeptheireyesonthefaceofthespeaker,allowingthemselves-toglanceawayonlybriefly.Itisimportantthattheybelookingatthespeakerattheprecisemomentwhenthespeakerreestablisheseyecontact;iftheyarenotlooking,atthespeakerassumesthattheyaredisinterestedandeitherwillpauseuntileyecontactisresumedorwillterminatetheconversation.Justhowcriticalthiseyemaneuveringistothemaintenanceofconversationalflowbecomesevidentwhentwospeakersarewearingdarkglasses:theremaybeasortoftrafficjamofwordscausedbyinterruption,falsestarts,andunpredictablepauses.

1.Theauthorisconvincedthattheeyesare（

）.

2.Babieswillnotbestimulatedtosmilebyaperson（

）.

3.Accordingtothepassage,theJapanesefixtheirgazeontheirconversationpartner’neckbecause（

）.

4.Accordingtothepassage,aconversationbetweentwoAmericansmaybreakdowndueto（

）.

5.Tokeepaconversationflowingsmoothly,itisbetterfortheparticipants（

）.

问题1选项

A.somethingthroughwhichonecanseeaperson’sinnerworld

B.ofextremeimportanceinexpressingfeelingsandexchangingideas

C.ofconsiderablesignificanceinmakingconversationsinteresting

D.somethingthevalueofwhichislargelyamatteroflongdebate

问题2选项

A.whosefrontviewisfullyperceived

B.whosefaceiscoveredwithamask

C.whosefaceisseenfromtheside

D.whosefaceisfreeofanycovering

问题3选项

A.theydon'tliketokeeptheireyesonthefaceofthespeaker

B.theydon’thowtocommunicatethrougheyecontact

C.theydon’tthinkitpolitetohaveeyecontact

D.theydidn’thavemuchopportunitytocommunicatethrougheyecontactinbabyhood

问题4选项

A.onetemporarilyglancingawayfromtheother

B.eyecontactofmorethanonesecond

C.improperly-timedceasingofeyecontact

D.constantadjustmentofeyecontact

问题5选项

A.nottoweardarkglasses

B.nottomakeanyinterruptions

C.nottoglanceawayfromeachother

D.nottomakeunpredictablepaused

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:C

第3题:D

第4题:C

第5题:A

【解析】第1题:主旨大意题。文章第一段第一句提到“眼睛是心灵的窗户这个说法是有争议的，但是在人际交往中眼睛非常重要是事实”Whethertheeyesare“thewindowsofthesoul”isdebatable,thattheyareintenselyimportantininterpersonalcommunicationisfact，选项B“在表达情感和交流思想时非常重要”符合题意。

第2题:细节事实题。文章第一段第四句话提到“一张真正的人脸但是眼睛被遮住了不能引发婴儿笑，只露出一只眼睛的侧脸也不能让婴儿笑”（arealhumanfacewitheyescoveredthenthefacewillnotmotivateasmile,norwillthesightofonlyoneeyethenthefaceispresentedinprofile），由此可知选项C“从侧面看某人的脸”符合题意。

第3题:细节事实题。文章第一段提到“日本的婴儿被母亲背在背上，在他们的文化中没有接收太多关于眼神交流的内容”（InJapan,however,wherebabiesarecarriedontheirmother’sback,infantstonotacquireasmuchattachmenttoeyesastheydoinothercultures），所以他们交流时喜欢看对方的脖子而不是眼睛，选项D符合题意。

第4题:细节事实题。文章第二段提到“重要的是他们要在说话人重新建立眼神交流的时刻看向说话人；如果他们没有看向对方，说话人会认为他们对所说话题不感兴趣或者以为他们想中断谈话”（Itisimportantthattheybelookingatthespeakerattheprecisemomentwhenthespeakerreestablisheseyecontact;iftheyarenotlooking,atthespeakerassumesthattheyaredisinterestedandeitherwillpauseuntileyecontactisresumedorwillterminatetheconversation），因此选项C“停止眼神交流的时间不当”符合题意。

第5题:细节事实题。文章最后一句话提到“当谈话双方都戴墨镜的时候就会知道这种眼神交流对于保持通畅谈话有多重要：可能会中途被打断，错误的开始或者意料之外的停顿等等”（Itisimportantthattheybelookingatthespeakerattheprecisemomentwhenthespeakerreestablisheseyecontact;iftheyarenotlooking,atthespeakerassumesthattheyaredisinterestedandeitherwillpauseuntileyecontactisresumedorwillterminatetheconversation），选项A符合题意。

5.单选题

Lacking（

）politicalgoals,thetwopartiesquarreled.

问题1选项

A.intricate

B.coherent

C.intrinsic

D.distinct

【答案】B

【解析】形容词辨析题。A选项intricate“复杂的”；B选项coherent“连贯的，一致的”；C选项intrinsic“本质的，固有的”；D选项distinct“明显的，独特的”。句意：由于缺乏一致的政治目标，两党发生了争吵。选项B更符合语境。

6.单选题

AngusGrahamisthepersonwhocanadviseyoubest.___,heiscomingheretomorrow.

问题1选项

A.Itistrue

B.Evenso

C.Ineffect

D.Asamatteroffact

【答案】D

【解析】考查固定搭配。A选项Itistrue“不是固定搭配，代入到句中会出现句意错误，排除”；B选项Evenso“虽然如此，即使如此”；C选项Ineffect“实际上；生效”；D选项Asamatteroffact“事实上”。句意：安格斯•格雷厄姆是给你最好建议的人。___，他明天要来这里。本句表达“事实上，他明天要来这里”，因此D选项正确。

7.单选题

Itisoftenclaimedthatnuclearenergyissomethingwecannotdowithout.Weliveinaconsumersocietywherethereisanenormousdemandforcommercialproductsofallkinds.Moreover,anincreaseinindustrialproductionisconsideredtobeonesolutiontotheproblemofmassunemployment.Suchanincreasepresumesanabundantandcheapsupply.Manypeoplebelievethatnuclearenergyprovidesaninexhaustibleaneconomicalsourceofpowerandthatitisthereforeessentialforanindustriallydevelopingsociety.Thereareanumberofotheradvantagesintheuseofnuclearenergy.Firstly,nuclearpower,exceptforaccidents,isclean.Afurtheradvantageisthatanuclearpowerstationcanberunandmaintainedbyrelativelyfewtechnicalandadministrativestaff.Thenuclearreactorrepresentsanenormousstepinourscientificevolutionand,whatevertheanti-nucleargroupsays,itiswrongtoexpectareturntomoreprimitivesourcesoffuel.However,opponentsofnuclearenergypointoutthatnuclearpowerstationsbringadirectthreatnotonlytotheenvironmentbutalsotocivilliberties.Furthermore,itisquestionablewhetherultimatelynuclearpowerisacheapsourceofenergy.Therehave,forexample,beenverycostlyaccidentsinAmerica,inBritainand,ofcourse,inRussia.

Thepossibilityofincreasesinthecostofuraniuminadditiontothecostofgreatersafetyprovisionscouldpricenuclearpoweroutofmarket.Inthelongrun,environmentalistsargue,nuclearenergywastesvaluableresourcesanddisturbstheecologytoanextentwhichcouldbringaboutthedestructionofthehumanrace.Thusifwewishtosurvive,wecannotaffordnuclearenergy.Inspiteofthecaseagainstnuclearenergyoutlinedabove,nuclearenergyprogrammesareexpanding.Suchanexpansionassumesacontinualgrowthinindustrialproductionandconsumerdemands.However,itisdoubtfulwhetherthisgrowthwillorcancontinue.Havingweigheduptheargumentson.

Suchanexpansionassumesacontinualgrowthinindustrialproductionandconsumerdemands.However,itisadoubtfulwhetherthisgrowthwillorcancontinue.Havingweigheduptheargumentsonbothsides,itseemstherearegoodeconomicandecologicalreasonsforsourcesofenergyotherthannuclearpower.

1.Thewriter’sattitudetowardnuclearenergyis（

）.

2.Accordingtotheopponentsofnuclearenergy,whichofthefollowingisTRUEofnuclearenergy?

3.Somepeopleclaimthatunclearenergyisessentialbecause（

）.

4.Whichofthefollowingstatementsdoesthewritersupport?

5.Thefunctionofthelastsentenceis（

）.

问题1选项

A.indifferent

B.tolerant

C.favorable

D.negative

问题2选项

A.Primitive

B.Cheap

C.Exhaustible

D.Unsafe

问题3选项

A.itprovidesaperfectsolutiontomassunemployment

B.itrepresentsanenormousstepforwardinourscientificevolution

C.itcanmeetthegrowingdemandofanindustriallydevelopingsociety

D.nuclearpowerstationscanberunandmaintainedbyrelativelyfewtechnicalandadministrativestaff

问题4选项

A.Thedemandforcommercialproductswillnotnecessarilykeepincreasing.

B.Nuclearenergyissomethingwecannotdowithout.

C.Uraniumisagoodsourceofenergyforeconomicandecologicalreasons.

D.Gratersafetyprovisionscanbringabouttheexpansionofnuclearenergyprogrammes.

问题5选项

A.advancethefinalargument

B.reflectthewriter’sattitude

C.reversepreviouslyexpressedthoughts

D.showthedisadvantagesofnuclearpower

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:D

第3题:C

第4题:A

第5题:B

【解析】1.态度方向。作者在第一段引出了大众观点,后面再否定。而且最后一段指出:Havingweigheduptheargumentsonbothsides,itseemstherearegoodeconomicandecologicalreasonsforsourcesofenergyotherthannuclearpower(权衡利弊后我们有理由认为应该选择使用核能以外的其他能源)。因此作者对于核能的态度是否定的。

2.细节题。根据题干关键词opponentsofnuclearenergy定位至第一段倒数第三句:但是，核能的反对者们指出，核电站不仅仅给环境，而且是给全民的自由带来了直接的威胁。因此,核能反对者认为核能不安全。

3.细节题。根据题干定位至第一段,第一句就指出:有人认为核能必不可少，紧接着给出了原因:工业持续发展的社会对便宜的能源有不断增长的需求，而核能可以满足这一需求。故选C。

4.细节题。倒数第二句表明:Suchanexpansionassumesacontinualgrowthinindustrialproductionandconsumerdemands.However,itisdoubtfulwhetherthisgrowthwillorcancontinue(这种扩张表现为工业生产和消费者需求正在不断的增长。但是，这种增长会不会，或者说能不能持续，是值得怀疑的)。即作者认为它不一定会增长。

5.态度方向题。最后一句是表明了作者对核能的态度。

8.翻译题

出发前，我曾经和着陆器一起学习过人类探月的历史。在已经有过的130次探月活动中，成功和失败的比例差不多各占一半。

太空探索就是这样，有多美就有多危险，而我不过是人类对太空探索的超级大图中，小小的一个点。

这里的太阳已经落下，温度下降得真快。今天说了好多，但总觉得还不够。告诉大家一个秘密，其实我不觉得特别难过。我只是在自己的探险故事里，和所有的男主角一样，也遇到了一点问题：晚安地球，晚安人类。

【答案】答：

Beforedeparture,Istudiedthehistoryoflunarexplorationwiththelander.Abouthalfofthepast130explorationsendedinsuccess;therestendedinfailure.

Thisisspaceexploration;thedangercomeswithitsbeauty.Iambutatinydotinthevastpictureofmankind’sadventureinspace.

Thesunhasfallen,andthetemperatureisdroppingsoquickly.I’vesaidalottoday,butIdon’tthinkit’senough.Totellyouallasecret,Idon’tfeelthatsad.Iwasjustinmyownadventurestory,andlikeeveryhero,Iencounteredasmallproblem.Goodnight,Earth.Goodnight,humanity.

9.单选题

Itissaidinsomepartsoftheworld,goats,ratherthancows,serveasavital（

）ofmilk.

问题1选项

A.storage

B.source

C.reserve

D.resource

【答案】B

【解析】句意:据说，在世界上某些地方，牛奶的重要来源是山羊，而不是奶牛。

名词辨析。Storage存储，仓库;source来源;reserve储备，储存;resource资源，财力。因此B符合句意。

10.单选题

Ultimately,thecaseprovedtohavenothingtodowithhim.

问题1选项

A.Remarkably

B.Presumably

C.Noticeably

D.Eventually

【答案】D

【解析】【选项释义】

A.Remarkably显著地B.Presumably大概；想必

C.Noticeably明显地D.Eventually最终

【答案】D

【考查点】副词辨析

【解题思路】原词Ultimately“最终”，D选项Eventually“最终”与之语义最接近。

【干扰项排除】A、B、C选项不符合原文语义。

【句意】最终证明这一案件与他无关。

11.单选题

InanarticlesomeChinesescholarsaredescribedasbeing“tantalizedbythemysteriousdragonbonehieroglyphics.”TantalizedisoneofmanyEnglishwordsthathavetheiroriginsinmythsandlegendsofthepast(inthiscase,GreekandRomanones).Themeaningoftheverbtantalizeisaveryparticularone:“topromiseorshowsomethingdesirabletoapersonandthentakeitaway;toteasebyarousinghope.’’Many(butnotall)Englishdictionariesgiveyouabriefindicationofaword’soriginsinbracketsbeforeoraftertheexplanationofthemeaning.Fortantalizethefollowingexplanationisgiven:[>Tantalus].ThismeansthatyoushouldlookupthenameTantalustofindouttheword’sorigins,andifyoudo,youwillfindoutthatinGreekmythology,Tantaluswasakingwhowaspunishedinthelowerworldwitheternalhungerandthirst;hewasputuptohischininwaterthatalwaysmovedawaywhenhetriedtodrinkitandwithfruitonbranchesabovehimplacedjustalittlebitoutofhisreach.Canyouseewhyhisnamewaschangedintoaverbmeaning“toteaseortormentbyarousingdesire”?

Anotherexampleistheword“siren”,familiartousasthemechanicaldevicethatmakessuchanalarmingsoundwhenpolicecars,ambulances,orfireenginesapproach.ThiswordalsohasitsoriginsinGreekmythology.ThetravelerOdysseus(UlyssestotheRomans)madehismenplugtheirearssothattheywouldn’thearthedangerousvoicesofthesirens,creatureswhowerehalfbirdandhalfwomanandwholuredsailorstotheirdeathsonsharprocks.Sothewordcametobeassociatedbothwithaloudsoundandwithdanger!

Whensomeonespeaksofa“jovialmood”ora“herculeanefforts”,heorsheisusingwords

withoriginsinmythology.Lookthesewordsuptofindtheirmeaningandrelationshiptomyths.

Manycommonwords,suchasthenamesforthedaysoftheweekandthemonthsoftheyear,alsocomefrommythology.WednesdayderivesfromtheancientNorsekingofthegods,Woden,andThursdaywasoriginallyThor’sday,inhonorofThor,thegodofthunder.Asamatteroffact,alltheplanets,excepttheoneweliveon,bearnamesthatcomefromRomanmythology,includingtheplanetthatisfarthestawayfromthesunandforthatreasonwascalledaftertheRomangodofthedead.Thisgodhasalsogivenhisnametooneofthechemicalelements.Severalotherelementshavenamesthatcomefrommythology,too.

ItseemsthatmythsandlegendsliveonintheEnglishlanguage.

1.ThepurposeofthefirstsentenceinParagraph1is（

）.

2.Welearnfromthepassage,allEnglishdictionariesinclude（

）.

3.Theexampleoftantalizeistoshow（

）.

4.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingdoesNOThaveoriginsinmythorlegends?

5.Whichofthefollowingcanbestserveasthetitleofthepassage?

问题1选项

A.toleadreadersontothemaintheme

B.tolinktheprecedingparttothepresentone

C.toarousereaders’interestinhieroglyphics

D.todescribetheworkofsomeChinesescholars

问题2选项

A.legends

B.mythology

C.wordorigins

D.worddefinitions

问题3选项

A.howthewordcameintoexistence.

B.howTantaluswaspunishedinthelowerworld.

C.howallEnglishdictionariesshowwordorigins.

D.howthemeaningofthewordchangedovertheyears.

问题4选项

A.Jovial.

B.March.

C.Earth.

D.Wednesday.

问题5选项

A.MythologyandCommonWords.

B.HistoricalChangesinWordMeanings.

C.MythologicalOriginsofEnglishWords.

D.GreekandRomanMythologyi