考研考博-英语-山东政法学院考试押题三合一+答案详解篇

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-山东政法学院考试押题三合一+答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

TheBrownslivedina（

）andcomfortablyfurnishedhouseinthesuburbs.

问题1选项

A.spacious

B.sufficient

C.wide

D.wretched

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项spacious“宽敞的；无边无际的”；B选项sufficient“足够的；充分的”；C选项wide“广泛的；宽的”；D选项wretched“可怜的；卑鄙的；令人苦恼的”。句意：布朗一家住在郊区一幢……又整洁舒适的房子里。被修饰词是“房子”，用“宽敞的”最合适。A选项正确的。

2.单选题

Thislaw___thenumberofaccidentscausedbychildrenrunningacrosstheroadwhentheygetoffthebus.

问题1选项

A.intendsreducing

B.intendstobereduced

C.isintendedtoreduce

D.isintendedreducing

【答案】C

【解析】考查语法。本句主语为Thislaw，宾语为：thenumberofaccidents，causedbychildrenrunningacrosstheroadwhentheygetoffthebus为非谓语动词引导的定语修饰先行词accidents，定语中包含了一个when引导的时间状语从句，句意：这项法律___儿童下车时跑过马路造成的事故数量。由基本句型结构可知空格处需要填入谓语，intend“打算；想要；意指”，结合主语，法律不会主动做某事，可至空格需要填入被动语态，排除A，B；最后根据固定搭配intendtodosth.“想要做；想要做某事”，因此C选项正确。

3.单选题

InPlato’sRepublicwefindadiscussionaboutmoralityandselfishness.Plato’sbrotherGlauconistryingtomakeSocratesgivesomegoodreasonsforwhyitisbettertobejustthantobeunjust.Glauconinsiststhatallpeoplebynaturelookafterthemselves,andwheneverwecangetawaywithsomething,wewilldoit,regardlessofhowunjustitmaybetoothers.Unfortunately,wemayreceivethesametreatmentfromothers,whichishighlyunpleasant,soforthesakeofpeaceandsecurityweagreetotreateachotherdecently—notbecausewewantto,butbecauseweareplayingitsafe.Moralityisjustaresultofourlookingoutforourselves.Ifwecangetawaywithsomething,itisournaturetomakethemostofit.

WhatGlauconissuggestinghereabouttheoriginofsocietyisafirstinWesternthought.Histheoryisanexampleofwhathasbecomeknownassocialcontracttheory,andthistypeoftheorybecameparticularlyinfluentialmuchlater,intheeighteenthcentury.Asocialcontracttheoryassumesthathumansusedtoliveinapre-socialsetting(withoutrules,regulations,orcooperation)andthen,forvariousreasons,gottogetherandagreedonsettingupasociety.Generally,socialcontracttheoriesassumethathumansdecidetobuildasocietywithrulesforthesakeofthecommongoodorforthesakeofself-protection.Thetheoryistodayknownaspsychologicalegoism.

ToGlaucon,decentpersonswilldo“unjust”thingsjustasquicklyasscoundrelsiftheyknowtheycangetawaywithitsincetheirhumannaturesareidentical.HereGlauconisactingasthedevil’sadvocateinordertomakeSocratesdefendjusticeassomethingthatisgoodinitself.Surelyweallcanremembereventsinourlivesthatshowthatwedon’talwaysactoutofself-interest.WemayrememberthatMotherTeresaandotherunselfishsoulshavespenttheirliveshelpingothers.Thepsychologicalegoistwouldcontendthattheymaynothavebeenawareoftheirtruemotives,butselfishitwas,somehow.Thesepeople,probably,wantedtogettoHeaven,toatoneforpastwrongdoing,ormaybetheyjustwantedtofeelwarminside.

Thistheory,cynicalasitmaysound,hasestablisheditselffirmlyinthemindsofmanymodernpeople.Somehow,thistheoryremovesthehalofromabovetheheadofeveryheroandeveryunselfishpersoninthehistoryofhumankind.Onereason,then,forthistheory’spopularityisitspresumedhonesty.Closelyrelatedtothenotionofhonestyisourmodernfascinationwithcynicism.Oftentimes,peoplearetrulyselfishanddevious,andthingsarenotwhattheyseem.However,thereisadifferencebetweenthiskindofprudentskepticismandauniversalcynicismthatbordersonparanoia.Suchradicalcynicismdoesn’tallowforthepossibilityoftheexistenceofgoodnessandkindness,andthisisoneoftheerrorspsychologicalegoistsareproneto.Psychologicalegoistsneversaythatwecan’thelpbeingselfishtothebone—theyjustsaythatthereissomehiddenselfishmotiveforwhateverwedothatwemaynotbeevenawareof.

1.WhatisthemainreasonformentreatingeachotherdecentlyaccordingtoGlaucon?

2.Whichofthefollowingistrueofthesocialcontracttheory?

3.HowwouldpsychologicalegoistsinterprettheexampleofMotherTeresa?

4.Whaterrorsarepsychologicalegoistslikelytomake?

问题1选项

A.Itisnotrightforonetobeunjusttootherpeople.

B.Itisbeneficialforpeopletoretainpeaceandsecurity.

C.Moralityandselflessnessarewhatweshouldpursue.

D.Wearepronetomakethemostofsomething.

问题2选项

A.Itiscontrarytopsychologicalegoists’beliefs.

B.Itrecordshumanlifeinaworldwithoutoperationandrules.

C.Itpresumesthatasocietywithrulesistoguaranteethebenefitsofall.

D.Itassumesthatpeoplearebynatureunselfish.

问题3选项

A.Shehelpsothersforthesakeofherself

B.Justiceisgoodinitselftothedevil’sadvocate.

C.Descentpersonswilldounjustthingsaswell.

D.Sheisatypicalpersonwithfeelingsofparanoia.

问题4选项

A.Theydonotjustifytheirtheoryfully.

B.Theyhavechangedpeople’sview.

C.Theyneverwarnpeopleoftheirunawareselfishness.

D.Theygototheextremeofdisbelievingpeople

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:C

第3题:A

第4题:D

【解析】第1题:1.根据第一段倒数第三句“forthesakeofpeaceandsecurity...weareplayingitsafe.”为了和平与安全,我们同意善待彼此——不是因为我们想这样做,而是因为我们谨慎行事。也就是说人与人之间保持和平与安全是有益的。选项B符合原文。

2.根据关键词“socialcontracttheory”定位到原文第二段,根据倒数第二句“Generally,socialcontracttheories...forthesakeofself-protection.”一般来说,社会契约理论认为,人类决定建立一个有规则的社会是为了公共利益或自我保护。选项C符合原文。

3.根据关键词“MotherTeresa”定位到第三段最后三句,心理利己主义者认为他们可能没有意识到自己的真实动机,但从某种程度上来说,他们是自私的。这些人可能是想上天堂,为过去的错误行为赎罪,或者他们只是想感受内心的温暖。选项A符合原文。

4.根据最后一段倒数第二句“Suchradicalcynicism...psychologicalegoistsareproneto.”这种极端的犬儒主义不允许善良和善良存在的可能性,这是心理利己主义者容易犯的错误之一。也就是说他们很极端,容易怀疑他人,所以选项D正确。

第2题:

第3题:

第4题:

4.单选题

Theprotestswerepartoftheir（）againsttheproposedbuildingdevelopmentinthearea.

问题1选项

A.commission

B.commitment

C.convention

D.campaign

【答案】D

【解析】语义题。commission授权，委托；commitment承诺，许诺，保证；convention习俗，惯例。campaign运动,战役。根据句中protests，partof推测,D项campaign符合句意。

5.单选题

Willyoulook______thiswordintheInternet?

问题1选项

A.on

B.into

C.up

D.forwardto

【答案】C

【解析】；窥视；浏览；看”；C选项lookup“仰望；查阅；尊敬；拜访；改善”；D选项lookforwardto“盼望；期待；期盼；预期”。句意：你会在网上查阅这个单词吗？因此C选项正确。

6.单选题

Ashewasathoroughlyprofessionaljournalist,healreadyknewthemedia____.

问题1选项

A.toandfrom

B.upsideanddown

C.insideandout

D.nowandthen

【答案】C

【解析】【选项释义】

A.toandfrom去和回B.upsideanddown上和下

C.insideandout从里到外；彻底地D.nowandthen有时

【考查点】语义衔接和固定搭配

【解题思路】空格的内容在主句中做状语，主句的句意为“他对媒体____熟悉”，根据从句的句意“因为他是一位非常专业的（thoroughlyprofessional）记者”可知，“他”应该对媒体非常熟悉，C选项insideandout为固定搭配，意为“从里到外；彻底地”符合原句语义逻辑。

【干扰项排除】A、B、D选项不符合原文语义逻辑。

【句意】因为他是一位非常专业的记者，所以他对媒体相当熟悉。

7.单选题

ThepanelofdistinguishedscientistsgatheredinCambridgetodiscusstheevidencesinsupportofDr.Thistlethwaite’srevolutionaryhypothesis.

问题1选项

A.Thepanelofdistinguishedscientists

B.inCambridge

C.discusstheevidencesin

D.supportof

E.没有问题

【答案】C

【解析】语法题。名词的单复数。evidences改为evidence。evidence:表示证据，只能用单数。

8.单选题

Questions22to25arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard.

问题1选项

A.Itmayputtoomuchpressureonteammembers.

B.Itmayharmthecultureoftoday’sworkplace.

C.Itmayhinderindividualcareeradvancement.

D.Itmayresultinunwillingnesstotakerisks.

问题2选项

A.Theycanhardlygiveexpressiontotheiroriginalviews.

B.Theymayeventuallylosetheirconfidenceandcreativity.

C.Theycanbecomelessmotivatedtodoprojectsoftheirown.

D.Theymayfindithardtogettheircontributionsrecognized.

问题3选项

A.Theycangetchancestoengageinresearch.

B.Theycanenlargetheirprofessionalcircle.

C.Theycancompletetheprojectmoreeasily.

D.Theycanmakethebestuseoftheirexpertise.25.

问题4选项

A.Itmaypreventmakingatimelydecision.

B.Itmaycauselotsofargumentsinateam.

C.Itmaydepriveateamofbusinessopportunities.

D.Itmaygiverisetoalotofunnecessaryexpenses.

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:D

第3题:B

第4题:A

【解析】RecordingThree

TodayI’dliketotalkaboutthedangersofbeingtoocollaborative.Beingagoodteamplayerisacentralskillinourmodernworkplace.Theabilitytoworkwellwithothersandcollaborateonprojectsisasought-afterabilityinnearlyeveryposition.However,[22]placingtoomuchemphasisonbeingagoodteamplayercannegativelyaffectyourcareergrowth.

Don’tbeoverlyfocusedongainingconsensus.Don’tbetooconcernedwiththeopinionsofothers.Thiscanhinderyourabilitytomakedecisions,speakupandgainrecognitionforyourindividualskillsandstrengths.

Somepeoplearetoosubordinatetoothers’opinions,toofocusedondecisionconsensus,toosilentabouttheirownpointofview,tooagreeabletotakethingsonwhentheydon’thavetimeorenergy.Thisleadstobuildingabrandofunderconfident,submissive,low-impactnon-leadersandhampersthen-growthandcareeradvancement.

[23]Collaborationcertainlymakesyourindividualcompetenciesandcontributionsmoredifficultforoutsiderstoidentify.Collaborativeprojectsmeanyou’resharingthespotlightwithothers.Outsidersmaythenfinditdifficulttodetermineyourcontributionsandstrengths.Thismayendupcostingyouopportunitiesforpromotionsorpayraises.Youcertainlyshouldn’tditchteamwork,buthowcanyouavoidthehazardsofbeinganover-collaborator?

Workinginateamcanhavehugebenefits.Yourteammayhaverepeatedsuccessesandoftengainrecognition,[24]youthenhavemoreopportunitiestoexpandyourprofessionalnetworkthanifyouworkedalone.However,findingabalancebetweenteameffortsandindividualprojectsthatgiveyouindependentrecognitionisimportantformakinganameforyourselfandprovidingopportunitiesforadvancement.

Beselectiveinwhoyouworkwith.Thiswillmaximizethebenefitsandminimizethedownsidesofbeingateamplayer.Collaboratewithpeoplewhohavecomplementaryexpertise.Selectprojectswherethere’spotentialformutualbenefit.Perhapsyou’rebringingyouruniqueknowledgeandgainingaccesstosomeoneelse’sprofessionalnetwork.Ormaybeyou’reabletolearnanewskillbyworkingwithsomeone.Seekoutyourteammatespurposefullyratherthanjumpingoneverynewgroupprojectopportunity.

Whenwe’retoocollaborative,wewanteveryonetoagreewithadecisionbeforeweproceed.[25]Thiscancreateunnecessarydelaysasyouholdmeetingstryingtoachieveconsensus.It’sfinetobecollaborativewhenseekinginput,butputadeadlineontheinputstageandarriveatadecision,evenifit’sadecisionthatdoesn’thaveconsensus.

22.Whatdoesthespeakersayaboutbeingovercollaborative?

【试题答案】C

【试题解析】题目问的是录音中给出的关于过度合作的信息。录音开头提到过于强调成为一个好的团队成员会对职业发展产生负面影响，这里placingtoomuchemphasisonbeingagoodteamplayer即问题中所说的beingovercollaborative,因此C选项“可能阻碍个人职业发展”符合原文。A选项“它可能给团队成员带来太大压力”；B选项“它可能会损害当今的职场文化”和D选项“它可能会导致人们不愿意冒险”在录音中均未提及。

23.Whatdoesthespeakersayaboutpeopleengagedincollaborativeprojects?

【试题答案】D

【试题解析】题目问关于参与合作项目的人，说话者说了什么？录音提到，合作会使个人能力和个人贡献更难被外人发现（makesyourindividualcompetenciesandcontributionsmoredifficultforoutsiderstoidentify）。D选项“他们可能会发现自己的贡献很难被识别出来”与之表述相符，因此正确。A选项“他们几乎不能表达他们原来的观点”，录音说的是“他们太过隐藏自己的观点”（toosilentabouttheirownpointofview），因此A选项不正确；录音中只是提到了underconfident（信心不足），并没有提到“合作”对创造力和动力的影响，因此B选项“他们最终可能会失去信心和创造力”和C选项“他们会变得更没有动力去做自己的项目”均不正确。

24.Howdopeoplebenefitfromworkinginateam?

【试题答案】B

【试题解析】题目问人们从团队合作中得到什么益处？录音提到，在团队中工作有很大的好处——团队也许会多次获得成功，并经常获得认可，团队成员便有更多的机会来扩大其职业关系网（expandyourprofessionalnetwork），因此B选项“他们可以扩大自己的职业圈子”与之表述相符。A选项“他们可能有机会从事研究工作”这一信息在录音中并未提及；C选项“他们可以更容易地完成项目”，录音中没有对比个人项目和团队项目哪个更容易完成，因此可排除；D选项“他们可以充分利用自己的专业知识”，利用录音中的expertise设置干扰，录音中指的是与专业知识互补的人合作（Collaboratewithpeoplewhohavecomplementaryexpertise），而不是利用自己的专业知识，因此D选项也不正确。

25.Whyisitundesirabletospendtoomuchtimetryingtoreachconsensus?

【试题答案】A

【试题解析】题目问为什么花太多时间以求达成共识会令人讨厌？录音最后提到，当我们过度合作时，会希望每个人都同意某个决定，而这会造成不必要的延误（createunnecessarydelays），也就是说“可能会妨碍我们及时做出决定”，因此A选项正确。B选项“可能会在团队中引起很多争论”在录音中未提及；C选项“可能剥夺团队的商业机会”，主要是利用录音中的opportunitiesforadvancement（晋升机会）和groupprojectopportunity（团队项目机会）设干扰，但这些不等同于C选项中的businessopportunities（商业机会），因此C选项不能选；D选项“可能会产生很多不必要的费用”在录音中也没有信息提及。

9.写作题

Directions:Writeanessayofnolessthan200wordsonthetopicgivenbelow.UsethespaceprovidedonyourAnswerSheetII.

TOPICWhatmarksthematurity(成熟)ofaperson?Givereasonsoruseexamplestoillustrateyourpoints.

【答案】【参考范文】

Whenweareyoung,wehavequiteaselfishattitudetowardslife.Ourpriorityistoseekpersonalhappiness.Weprefertoavoidactivitieswedonotenjoy.Asaresult,ourelderssuchasparentsorteachersfrequentlyresorttorewardsorpunitivemeasurestoforceustoassumeresponsibilitieswewouldratheravoid.

However,aswegrowold,welearnthatlifeisalotmorethanpursuingpersonalhappinessonly.Werealizethatwehaveresponsibilitiesnotonlytowardsourselvesbutalsotowardsotherpeopleaswellasthegreatersociety.Thismomentofrealizationiswhatmarksthematurityofaperson.Weembracethefactthatwehavedifferentrolestoplayandeachrolemaycomewithdifferentsetsofresponsibilities.Asanemployee,weareresponsiblenotonlyforourselvesbutalsohaveobligationstowardsfellowemployees,thecompany,andexternalstakeholderssuchasthecustomers.Asaparent,wehaveresponsibilitiestowardsourchildren.Andassomeoneinanintimaterelationship,wehaveresponsibilitiestowardsoursignificanthalf.Similarly,asacitizen,wehaveresponsibilitiestowardsfellowcitizensaswellasourcountry.

Aresponsibleandmaturepersonisoftenlessselfishandmoreconsideratetowardsotherpeoplethanhisorheryoungerselves.Thematurityisthenaturaloutcomeofyearsoflifeexperiencesthatturnusintowiserbeings.Whilematurityhelpsusmakebetterqualitydecisions,italsocomplicatesthedecision-makingprocess.Asyoungindividuals,ourdecision-makingprocessisoftenimpulsiveandintuitive.However,asmatureindividuals,thedecision-makingprocessbecomesdeliberativebecauseweconsidertheimpactofourdecisionsonnotonlyourselvesbutalsootherpeoplewhomaybeaffectedbyit.

Inconclusion,havingasenseofresponsibilitymarksthematurityofaperson.Withresponsibility,amaturepersonislessselfish,wiser,andmoreconsideratethanhisorheryoungerself.Heorshemaymakethedecisionsslowerasamaturepersonthanasayoungpersonbutthedecisionsmadeasamaturepersonalsotendtobeofhigherqualitythanthosemadeasayoungperson.

10.单选题

Tomakeiteasiertoreturnanypurchases,savetheoriginalpackaging,especiallyforelectronicandhousehold（）.

问题1选项

A.instruments

B.facilities

C.appliances

D.equipment

【答案】C

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。instrument“工具，乐器”；facility“设施，设备”；appliance“器具，装置”；equipment“设备，装备”。句意：为了退货方便，需要保留原来的包装，尤其是电子产品和家用电器。选项C符合题意。

11.单选题

Givingagiftcanconveyawealthofmeaningaboutyourappreciationoftheir（

）andtheimportanceyouplaceupontherelationship.

问题1选项

A.solidarity

B.priority

C.superiority

D.hospitality

【答案】D

【解析】【试题解析】考查名词辨析。A选项solidarity“团结”；B选项priority“优先”；C选项superiority“优越，优越性”；D选项hospitality“热情”，句子的主语是“givingagift赠送礼物”，about介词，意思是“关于”，根据空格前后是一个of短语的所有格结构，这里判断空格部分单词意思为“热情，好客”，句意为：赠送礼物能表达你对别人盛情款待的感激之情和你对别人的重视。和选项D意思接近。

12.单选题

Theinterviewisanimportanteventinthejob-huntingprocess,becausethe20or30minutesyouspendwiththeinterviewermaydeterminewhetherornotyougettheparticularjobyouwant.Therefore,itisimportanttorememberthatyourobjectiveduringtheinterviewmaydifferfromtheobjectiveofthepotentialemployer.Youwanttomakeyourselfstandoutasawholepersonwhohaspersonalstrengths,iswellqualified,andshouldbeconsideredtherightpersonforthejob.Itisencouragingtoknowthattheinterviewer’staskisnottoembarrassyouortotripyou,buttohiretherightpersonforthejob.

Remember,jobhuntingisverycompetitive.Anythingyoucandotoenhanceyourinterviewtechniqueswillbetoyouradvantage.Thefollowingsuggestionsmayhelpyoulandthemostimportantjob.

Yourgoalinthisinterviewistomakesureyourgoodpointsgetacross.Theinterviewerwon’tknowthemunlessyoupointthemout,sotrytodothisinafactualandsinceremanner.

Don’tsayanythingbadaboutyourformeremployers.Ifyouhavebeenfiredfromajobandtheinterviewerasksaboutit,befrankinyouranswer.

Showtheinterviewerthatyouareinterestedinthecompanybyaskingrelevantquestions.Askaboutresponsibilities,workingconditions,promotionopportunitiesandfringebenefits（附加福利）ofthejobyouareinterviewingfor.

Ifathomepointyoudecidetheinterviewisnotgoingwell,donotletyourdiscouragementshow.Youhavenothingtolosebycontinuingashowofconfidence,andyoumayhavemuchtogain.Itmaybewell,oritmaybeatesttoseehowyoureacttoadverseconditions.

Someinterviewersmaybringupsalaryearlyintheinterview.Atthistime,youmayindicatethatyouaremoreinterestedinajobwhereyoucanproveyourselfthanaspecificsalary.Thispolitelypassesthequestionbacktotheinterviewer.Iftheinterviewercontinuestopress,givehimarangeorsuggestthegoingrateforaparticularjob.Ifpossible,youshouldnegotiateforsalaryafteryouhavebeenofferedajobandwhenyouarereadytocompletethepaperwork.

1.Togetthejobyouwant,duringtheinterviewyoushould（）.

2.Ifyoudidnotgetalongwithyourformeremployer,you（）.

3.Whenyoufindtheinterviewisnotgoingwellyoushould（）.

4.Thebesttimetodiscussyoursalaryis（）.

5.Themostimportantthingtododuringaninterviewis（）.

问题1选项

A.avoidtheinterviewer’squestionsthataredesignedtotripyou

B.rememberthatyouarethebestqualifiedcandidate

C.makeyourselfstandoutastherightpersonforthejob

D.keepinmindthatitdetermineswhetherornotyougettheparticularjobyouwant

问题2选项

A.shouldtelltheinterviewerfrankly

B.shouldnotspeakillofhim

C.shouldrefertohiminafactualmanner

D.shouldnevermentionit

问题3选项

A.keepupyourconfidence

B.bringittoanendassoonaspossible

C.tellyourinterviewerhowyoureacttoadversecondition

D.tellyourselfyouhavemuchtogainandnothingtolose

问题4选项

A.whenyouhavebeenofferedthejob

B.attheendoftheinterview

C.afteryouhavecompletedthepaperwork

D.whentheinterviewerbringsthismatterup

问题5选项

A.tomakeyourstrengthsunderstood

B.toshowyourintenseinterestinthejobyouareapplyingfor

C.tobefrankandsincere

D.tobenaturalandconfident

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:B

第3题:A

第4题:A

第5题:A

【解析】1.事实细节题。根据题干关键词定位到第一段Youwanttomakeyourselfstandoutasawholepersonwhohaspersonalstrengths,iswellqualified,andshouldbeconsideredtherightpersonforthejob.（你想让自己作为一个完整的人脱颖而出，这个人有自己的优点，很有资格，应该被认为是这份工作的合适人选）。可知在面试中，如果你想得到想要的工作，应该让自己作为工作的合适人员凸显出来。因此C选项“让你自己脱颖而出，成为这份工作的合适人选”正确。A选项在第一段Itisencouragingtoknowthattheinterviewer’staskisnottoembarrassyouortotripyou（面试者的任务不是让你尴尬或绊倒你），因此可以得知面试者并不会给你使绊子，A选项错误；B选项不正确，原文并没有说过这个，只是说要保持自信；D选项在第一段的第一句话有提到Theinterviewisanimportanteventinthejob-huntingprocess,becausethe20or30minutesyouspendwiththeinterviewermaydeterminewhetherornotyougettheparticularjobyouwant.（面试在找工作过程中是很重要的一件事，因为你与面试官待上的二三十分钟可能会决定你是否能得到你想要的工作。）但是这并不是作者认为被面试者应该铭记的事，因此D不正确。

2.事实细节题。根据题干关键词定位到第四段Don’tsayanythingbadaboutyourformeremployers.（不要说前老板的坏话。）可以得知如果和前老板相处的不好，也不要说他的坏话，因此B选项“不应该说他的坏话”正确。A选项是在第四段Ifyouhavebeenfiredfromajobandtheinterviewerasksaboutit,befrankinyouranswer.（如果你被解雇了，面试官问起这个问题，你要坦率地回答。）说的是如果被解雇了，则要坦率回答，和题干不符合，因此排除；C、D都并未提及，排除。

3.事实细节题。根据题干定位到第六段Ifatsomepointyoudecidetheinterviewisnotgoingwell,donotletyourdiscouragementshow.Youhavenothingtolosebycontinuingashowofconfidence,andyoumayhavemuchtogain.（如果在某个时刻你觉得面试不顺利，不要表现出你的沮丧。继续表现出自信，你不会有什么损失，你可能会有很多收获。）因此A选项“保持你的信心”正确。B、D虽然原文都有提及，但不是本题的信息点，因此排除；C选项在第六段Itmaybewell,oritmaybeatesttoseehowyoureacttoadverseconditions.（它可能是好的，也可能是测试你对不利条件的反应。）这只是一个推测，并且与如何在表现不好时做出回应不相关，排除。

4.事实细节题。根据题干关键词定位到最后一段Ifpossible,youshouldnegotiateforsalaryafteryouhavebeenofferedajobandwhenyouarereadytocompletethepaperwork.（如果可能的话，你应该在得到一份工作之后，在你准备好去完成相关文件之后，再去谈工资问题。）可以看出，作者认为最好的谈薪水的时间应该是在你已经收到了工作邀请之后，因此A选项“当你得到这份工作的时候”正确。B选项未提及，无关项排除；C选项在最后一段youshouldnegotiateforsalaryafteryouhavebeenofferedajobandwhenyouarereadytocompletethepaperwork.（你应该在得到一份工作之后，在你准备好去完成相关文件之后，再去谈工资问题。）原文是说“准备好去完成相关文件”，而不是完成了文件，因此C选项错误，排除；D选项在最后一段Someinterviewersmaybringupsalaryearlyintheinterview.Atthistime,youmayindicatethatyouaremoreinterestedinajobwhereyoucanproveyourselfthanaspecificsalary（有些面试官可能会在面试一开始就提出薪水问题。此时，你可以暗示与具体的薪水相比你更感兴趣的是一份可以证明你自己的工作），从这里得知作者并不支持一开始就直接谈薪水，因此D错误，排除。

5.事实细节题。定位到第一段Youwanttomakeyourselfstandoutasawholepersonwhohaspersonalstrengths,iswellqualified,andshouldbeconsideredtherightpersonforthejob.（你想让自己作为一个完整的人脱颖而出，这个人有自己的优点，很有资格，应该被认为是这份工作的合适人选。）以及第三段Yourgoalinthisinterviewistomakesureyourgoodpointsgetacross.Theinterviewerwon’tknowthemunlessyoupointthemout,sotrytodothisinafactualandsinceremanner.（在这次面试中，你的目标是确保别人能理解你的优点。除非你指出来，否则面试官是不会知道的，所以你要尽量以事实和真诚的方式来表达。）通过这两处可以看出，最重要的就是要让自己的能力被理解、被面试官接收到，因此A选项“让别人了解你的长处”正确。其余的B、C、D都是无关项，不符合题意。

13.单选题

Asisknowntoall,（）commoditieswilldefinitelydoharmtoourlifesoonerorlater.

问题1选项

A.counterfeit

B.fake

C.imitative

D.fraudulent

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容词辨析。counterfeit“假冒的，伪造的”，强调“出于非法意图而假冒伪造”；fake“假的”，目的不一定是为了骗人，比如冒牌或代用品；imitative“模仿的”；fraudulent“欺骗性的”。句意：众所周知，假冒商品迟早会伤害我们的生命。选项A符合题意。

14.单选题

Heraisedhiseyebrowsandstuckhisheadforwardand（）itinasinglenod,agestureboysusedthenforOK.whentheywerepleased.

问题1选项

A.shrugged

B.tugged

C.jerked

D.twisted

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词辨析。shrugged“耸肩”；tugged“用力拉，迅速地穿衣服”；jerked“猛拉”；twisted“扭动”。句意：他扬起眉毛，把头向前探了一探，猛地点头，这是男孩子们开心时表示“好”的动作。C项符合题意。

15.单选题

Hardworkcan（）yoursuccessinlearningaforeignlanguage.

问题1选项

A.assure

B.guarantee

C.warrant

D.promise

【答案】B

【解析】句意:努力工作能保证你在学习一门外语上取得成功。

考查动词辨析。Assure使确信,向…保证,弄清,查明;guarantee保证,担保,保障;warrant使有必要,使正当;promise许诺,承诺,答应。因此B符合句意。

16.单选题

Thewordscienceisheardsoofteninmoderntimesthatalmosteverybodyhassomenotionofitsmeaning.Ontheotherhand,itsdefinitionisdifficultformanypeople.Themeaningofthetermisconfused,buteveryoneshouldunderstanditsmeaningandobjectives.Justtomaketheexplanationassimpleaspossible,supposescienceisdefinedasclassifiedknowledge(facts).

Eveninthetruesciencesdistinguishingfactfromfictionisnotalwayseasy.Forthisreasongreatcareshouldbetakentodistinguishbetweenbeliefsandtruths.Thereisnodangeraslongasacleardifferenceismadebetweentemporaryandprovedexplanations.Forexample,hypothesesandtheoriesareattemptstoexplainnaturalphenomena.Fromthesepositionsscientistscontinuetoexperimentandobserveuntiltheyareprovedordiscredited.Theexactstatusofanyexplanationshouldbeclearlylabeledtoavoidconfusion.

Theobjectivesofscienceareprimarilythediscoveryandthesubsequentunderstandingoftheunknown.Mancannotbesatisfiedwithrecognizingthatsecretsexistinnatureorthatquestionsareunanswerable;hemustsolvethem.Towardthatendspecialistsinthefieldofbiologyandrelatedfieldsofinterestaredirectingmuchoftheirtimeandenergy.

Actually,twobasicapproachesleadtothediscoveryofnewinformation.One,aimedatsatisfyingcuriosity,isreferredtoaspurescience.Theotherisarmedatusingknowledgeforspecificpurposes—forinstance,improvinghealth,raisingstandardsofliving,orcreatingnewconsumerproducts.Inthiscaseknowledgeisputtoeconomicuse.Suchanapproachisreferredtoasappliedscience.

Sometimespractical-mindedpeoplemissthepointofpurescienceinthinkingonlyofitsimmediateapplicationforeconomicrewards.Chemistsresponsibleformanyofthediscoveriescouldhardlyhaveanticipatedthattheirfindingswouldonedayresultinapplicationsofsuchapracticalnatureasthosedirectlyrelatedtolifeanddeath.Thediscoveryofonebitofinformationopensthedoortothediscoveryofanother.Somediscoveriesseemsosimplethatoneisamazedtheywerenotmadeyearsago;however,oneshouldrememberthattheconstructionofthemicroscopehadtoprecedethediscoveryofthecell.Thehostofscientistsdedicatingtheirlivestopuresciencearenotapologeticaboutignoringthepracticalsideoftheirdiscoveries;theyknowfromexperiencethatmostknowledgeiseventuallyapplied.

46.Todefinesciencewemaysimplycallit______.

47.Purescience,leadingtotheconstructionofamicroscope,______.

48.Ascientistinterestedinaddingtoourgeneralknowledgeaboutoxygenwouldprobablycallhisapproach______.

49.Whichofthefollowingstatementsdoestheauthorimply?

50.Thebesttitleforthepassageis______.

问题1选项

A.thestudyofunrelatedsubjects

B.anattempttoexplainnaturalphenomena

C.thestudyofunrelatedfields

D.classifiedknowledge

问题2选项

A.mayleadtoantiscientific,impureresults

B.necessarilyprecedesappliedscience,leadingtothediscoveryofacell

C.isnotalwaysaspureaswesuppose

D.necessarilyresultsfromappliedscienceandthediscoveryofacell

问题3选项

A.appliedscience

B.agriculturalscience

C.purescience

D.environmentalscience

问题4选项

A.Scientistsengagedintheoreticalresearchshouldnotbeblamedforignoringthepracticalsideoftheirdiscoveries.

B.Todayfewpeoplehaveanynotionsofthemeaningofscience.

C.Inscience,itisnotdifficulttodistinguishfactfromfiction.

D.Practical-mindedpeoplecanunderstandthemeaningandobjectivesofpurescience.

问题5选项

A.TheNatureofScienceandScientists

B.BiologyandtheScientificAge

C.HypothesesandTheories

D.OnDistinguishingFactfromFiction

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:B

第3题:C

第4题:A

第5题:A

【解析】46.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】细节事实题。题干意思是“要定义科学，我们可以简单地把科学称之为……”。第一段最后一句提到Justtomaketheexplanationassimpleaspossible,supposescienceisdefinedasclassifiedknowledge(facts).（为了使解释尽可能简单，假设科学被定义为分类的知识），由此可知D项“分类的知识”正确。A项“对不相关学科的研究”，原文未提及，A项不选。B项“解释自然现象的一种尝试”，第二段第四句提到Forexample,hypothesesandtheoriesareattemptstoexplainnaturalphenomena.（例如，假设和理论是试图解释自然现象），因此B项错误。C项“对不相关领域的研究”，原文也未提及，C项错误。因此该题选D。

47.【试题答案】B

【试题解析】细节事实题。题干意思是“导致了显微镜问世的纯科学是……”。文章中最后一段最后两句指出oneshouldrememberthatthecons