人教版高中英语选修9课件：Unit-2-Sailing-the-oceans-Reading

Unit2SailingtheoceansUnit2Sailingtheoceans1人教版高中英语选修9课件：Unit-2-Sailing-the-oceans-Reading2IndianOceanPacificOceanAtlanticOceanArcticOceanQuestion:Howmanyoceansarethereintheworld?WarmingupIndianOceanPacificOceanAtlan3FerdinandMagellan费迪南德·麦哲伦Whatisanavigator?Anavigatorexploresnewroutesacrossthesea.FerdinandMagellan费迪南德·麦哲伦W4theArcticOceantheIndianOceanthePacificOceantheAtlanticOceanVascodaGama瓦斯科·达伽马ChristopherColumbus克里斯托弗·哥伦布Whatisthedifferencebetweenanavigatorandanexplorer?theArcticOceantheIndianOce5NavigatorseanauticalinstrumentsfindnewislandsorcontinentsAnavigator

exploresthesea.Navigatorseanauticalinstrumen6ExplorerlandusecompassandlandmarksfindnewplaceswithinanalreadyidentifiedislandorcontinentAnexplorer

discoversnewplacesonland.Explorerlandusecompassandla7ZhengHeMarcoPoloJamesCookLookatthesefamouspeople.Aretheynavigatorsorexplorers?Whatdoyouknowaboutthem?ZhengHeMarcoPoloJamesCookLo8ZhengHe1371-1433HeledalargefleettoexploreSoutheastAsia,IndiaandtheMiddleEastintheMingDynasty.Altogetherhemade7voyagesinthe15thcentury.Hetravelledmorethan50,000kmandvisited30countriesnewtoChinaanddevelopedmanytradelinks.HeisconsideredoneoftheearliestnavalexplorersinChinesehistory.ZhengHeHeledalargefleett9MarcoPolo1254--1324HeisthemostfamouswesternertotraveltheSilkRoadandtheonlypersontoprovideinformationaboutChinatotheoutsideworld.In1271hesetouttoreachtheMongolEmpireandthenChina.In1295,hearrivedbackinEurope.ThreeyearslaterhewasimprisonedbytheGenoese.Whileinprison,hetoldthestoryMarcoPoloHeisthemostfamou10ofhistravelstoafellowprisonerwhowrotehisadventuresdown.Whenhisbookwaspublisheditbecameabest-seller.TheMapofMarcoPolo’svoyageofhistravelstoafellowpri11JamesCook1728-1779JamesCookwasthegreatestBritainnavigator.CookjoinedintheRoyalNavyin1755.In1768hewaspromotedandsenttothePacificwherehesurveyedTahiti,NewZealand,andAustralia.Onhisfamoussecondexpedition(1772-1775)heexploredAntarctica.In1776heundertookhisthirdandfinalJamesCook1728-1779JamesCook12voyageinwhichheexploredtheWestCoastofNorthAmericaandtriedtolocateapassagebetweentheAtlanticandPacificoceans.OnthisvoyagehediscoveredtheHawaiianIslands,andsailedupthecoastofNorthAmericathroughtheBeringStraitstotheArcticOcean.OnhisreturnhewaskilledbyHawaiianislanders.Heisregardedasoneoftheworld’sgreatestexploresandnavigators.voyageinwhichheexploredth13Thefourbasicinstrumentsfornavigation:compass,astrolabe,sextantandnauticalchart.Thefourbasicinstrumentsfor14compasscompass15astrolabeastrolabe16sextantsextant17nauticalchartnauticalchart18Answerthequestions.1.Howdoyouthinkseamenfoundtheirwaybeforemodernaccuratemethodsofnavigationwereinvented?Keptclosetotheshore,usednaturesuchasthesun,wind,birds,tide,etc,tohelpthem,andusedsomeoftheinstrumentsincludingacompass,astrolabe,etc.Answerthequestions.1.Howdo192.Whichdoyouthinkwaseasiertoworkout:latitudeorlongitude?Latitude,becauseitwasusedtomeasurehowfaryouhadtraveledfromlandonastraightline.Itwasdiscoveredalongtimebeforelongitude.2.Whichdoyouthinkwaseasi203.Canyouidentifytheseearlynavigationalinstrumentsseamenusedandexplainhowtheyareused?1)compass(inancientChina)2)astrolabe3)sextant4)sea/nautical/marinechart3.Canyouidentifytheseearl214.Whichonesdoyouthinkarestillusedtoday?Seachartsarestillusedtoday.4.Whichonesdoyouthinkare22SailingtheoceansReadaboutwhatnavigationwaslikebeforemoderninstrumentswereused.SailingtheoceansReadaboutw23ScanningScanning24

Howdidseamenexploretheoceansbeforelatitudeandlongitudemadeitpossibletoplotaship’sposition?Page1Howdidseamenexploreth25UsingnatureKeepingalongsidethecoastlineUsingcelestialbodiesUsingwildlifeUsingtheweatherUsingtheseaUsingnatureKeepingalongsid26UsingcelestialbodiestoplotthepositionstoworkoutthelatitudeaspecialcloudformationwhichindicatesthereislandclosebyNorthStarSunCloudsUsingcelestialbodiestoplot27UsingwildlifeIfseaweedwasfreshandsmelledstrongly,theshipwasclosetoland.Seabirdscouldbeusedtoshowthewaytolandwhenitwasnowheretobeseen.SeaweedBirdsUsingwildlifeIfseaweedwasf28UsingtheweatherfogTohelpidentifythepositionofastreamorriverwhen…TodirecttheirsailingWindsUsingtheweatherfogTohelpid29Usetheinformationtoanalyzethenavigationalskillsandwritetheanswersinyourownwords.Tofindtheship’spositionatseaasailorused_______________________.Asailorknewthatlandwasnearbyifhesaw_______________________________________________________________.Sailorsused____________________________toincreasetheirspeed.theNorthStarandthesunseacurrentsortidesandwindsUsingnature

clouds,freshseaweed,nestingbirdsreturninghomeintheeveningorfogUsetheinformationtoanalyze30Whatskillsdidsailorsusetoexploretheseasanddiscovernewlands?Page2Whatskillsdidsailorsuseto31Usingnavigationalinstruments1.Findinglongitude2.Findinglatitudethecompassthebearingcircle(方位圆)theastrolabe(星盘)thequadrant(象限仪,四分仪)thesextant(六分仪)Usingnavigationalinstruments32Readagainandfillintheblanks.Thereweretwomethodstofindlongitude:1.__________________________2.________________________________________________measuringtimeandspeedcompassandcomplicatedmathematicaltablesUsinginstrumentsReadagainandfillinthebla33Writedowntheworkingprinciplesofthefollowinginstruments.Bearingcircle:

Astrolabe:tocomparetheheightofthesunnowwiththepositionofthesunatmidday.

tocomparethepositionoftheshipinrelationtosomestarsorthesun.Writedowntheworkingprinc34Quadrant:amorepreciseformoftheastrolabe,tomeasurehowhighstarsareabovethehorizon,andcomparethatmeasurementwithpreviousmeasurements(usingtheshipasoneofthefixedpointstofinditsposition)Quadrant:amorepreciseformo35Sextant:anupdatedversionofthequadrantandsoitwasmoreaccurate,tomeasuretheanglebetweentwofixedpointsoutsidetheship(usingtwomirrorstofindtheship’sposition).Sextant:anupdatedversionof36horizonSunheightABearingCircleBearingthesunheightandazimuth(Themarkswereusedtomeasuretheshadowofthesunanditsheightandpositioninthesky.)(方位)horizonSunheightABearingCir37Readthepassageandanswerthefollowingquestions.Whatistheuseofabearingcircle,astrolabe,quadrantorsextant?()Whatistheuseofacompass?()A.tosetthecourseoftheshipB.tomeasurethepositionoftheshipC.tomeasurethespeedoftheshipD.totellthetimeBAUsinginstrumentsReadthepassageandanswerth38SkimmingSkimming39Skimthetextandfillintheblanks.NatureCelestialbodieswereusedto_____thepositionsofnavigatorsandtoworkouttheir_______._______wasusedtotellwheretheshipwasclosetolandortoshowthe____toland.plotlatitudeWildlifewaySkimthetextandfillinthe40Theweathercouldhelp________thepositionofastreamorriverandtodirectthesailing.Certain________________ontheseawereusedtocarryshipstothedestination.Navig-ationalinstru-mentsThe________wasusedtohelpfindlongitude.TheBearingCircle,theAstrolabe,theQuadrantandthe________wereusedtofindlatitude.identifytidesandcurrentscompasssextantTheweathercouldhelp_______41DetailedreadingDetailedreading421.Readthepassagecarefullyand thenanswerthequestions.1)Whyarespeedandtimeimportantinworkingoutthelongitudeofaship?

Speedandtimeareimportantinfindingoutthelongitudeofashipbecausetheearthmovesfifteen1.Readthepassagecarefully43degreeswestwardseveryhour.Ifyouknowyourdirection,speedandtime,youcanworkouttheapproximatelongitudeorchangeinyourpositioninrelationtothestars.degreeswestwardseveryh442)Whyisthepositionofthesunandvariousstarsusefulforworkingoutlatitude?Thepositionofthesunandstarsareusefulforworkingoutlatitudebecausetheyarefixedpointsintheskyandtheirmovementsinrelationtotheeartharealreadyknown.Sotheycanbeusedtomeasureaship’sposition.2)Whyisthepositionofthe452.SupposeyouwereaseacaptainaimingtosailroundAfrica.Discussingroups.1)Whatskillswouldyouseekinyoursailors?2)Whatproblemswouldyouanticipateforthisjourney?2.Supposeyouwereaseacapt46Whatwouldyoudoif:PlanofactionYouwerefarfromlandandastormarose.waittillthestormisover,andthenfindyournewpositionandreturntoyouroriginalcourse3.Readthechartbelowandfillinyourplansofactiontodealwiththem.Whatwouldyoudoif:Plan47Whatwouldyoudoif:PlanofactionYouknewyourlatitudebutdidn’tknowyourlongitude.useknotstofindyourspeedandworkoutyourapproximatelongitudeWhatwouldyoudoif:Youknew48Whatwouldyoudoif:PlanofactionYouwereblownoffcourse.usethecompassandtheastrolabe,quadrantorsextanttofindoutyourposition,returntoyourformercourse

Whatwouldyoudoif:Planof49Whatwouldyoudoif:PlanofactionYouwereoffshorebutyouneededmorefoodandwater.follownestingbirdstoshore;lookforspecialcloudformationsorfogoverstreamstofindlandWhatwouldyoudoif:Planof50Whatwouldyoudoif:PlanofactionYouwantedtokeepastraightcourse.useacompassWhatwouldyoudoif:Planofa51Whatwouldyoudoif:PlanofactionYouwerelostwithnolandinsight.measureyourpositionusingthesunorstars;lookforseabirds,cloudformations,fogorseaweedtoshowthatlandisnearbyWhatwouldyoudoif:Planofa524.Imagineyouareonaboatwith twenty-nineotherpeople.Youhave asmallboxforyourpersonalthings butitcanonlyholetenitems.What wouldyouneedforaweek’sjourney acrosstheNorthSeatoEngland?4.Imagineyouareonaboatw53CategoryItemsClothesHygieneBeddingGamessoapblanketcards,chessshirt,trousersCategoryItemsClothesHygieneBe54CategoryItemsShoesToolsMedicinesBooksknife,scissorssea-sicktablets,coldmedicinenovels,essaycollectionswaterproofbootsCategoryItemsShoesToolsMedicin551.Reviewthispassage.2.PreviewLearningaboutlanguage.1.Reviewthispassage.56人教版高中英语选修9课件：Unit-2-Sailing-the-oceans-Reading57Unit2SailingtheoceansUnit2Sailingtheoceans58人教版高中英语选修9课件：Unit-2-Sailing-the-oceans-Reading59IndianOceanPacificOceanAtlanticOceanArcticOceanQuestion:Howmanyoceansarethereintheworld?WarmingupIndianOceanPacificOceanAtlan60FerdinandMagellan费迪南德·麦哲伦Whatisanavigator?Anavigatorexploresnewroutesacrossthesea.FerdinandMagellan费迪南德·麦哲伦W61theArcticOceantheIndianOceanthePacificOceantheAtlanticOceanVascodaGama瓦斯科·达伽马ChristopherColumbus克里斯托弗·哥伦布Whatisthedifferencebetweenanavigatorandanexplorer?theArcticOceantheIndianOce62NavigatorseanauticalinstrumentsfindnewislandsorcontinentsAnavigator

exploresthesea.Navigatorseanauticalinstrumen63ExplorerlandusecompassandlandmarksfindnewplaceswithinanalreadyidentifiedislandorcontinentAnexplorer

discoversnewplacesonland.Explorerlandusecompassandla64ZhengHeMarcoPoloJamesCookLookatthesefamouspeople.Aretheynavigatorsorexplorers?Whatdoyouknowaboutthem?ZhengHeMarcoPoloJamesCookLo65ZhengHe1371-1433HeledalargefleettoexploreSoutheastAsia,IndiaandtheMiddleEastintheMingDynasty.Altogetherhemade7voyagesinthe15thcentury.Hetravelledmorethan50,000kmandvisited30countriesnewtoChinaanddevelopedmanytradelinks.HeisconsideredoneoftheearliestnavalexplorersinChinesehistory.ZhengHeHeledalargefleett66MarcoPolo1254--1324HeisthemostfamouswesternertotraveltheSilkRoadandtheonlypersontoprovideinformationaboutChinatotheoutsideworld.In1271hesetouttoreachtheMongolEmpireandthenChina.In1295,hearrivedbackinEurope.ThreeyearslaterhewasimprisonedbytheGenoese.Whileinprison,hetoldthestoryMarcoPoloHeisthemostfamou67ofhistravelstoafellowprisonerwhowrotehisadventuresdown.Whenhisbookwaspublisheditbecameabest-seller.TheMapofMarcoPolo’svoyageofhistravelstoafellowpri68JamesCook1728-1779JamesCookwasthegreatestBritainnavigator.CookjoinedintheRoyalNavyin1755.In1768hewaspromotedandsenttothePacificwherehesurveyedTahiti,NewZealand,andAustralia.Onhisfamoussecondexpedition(1772-1775)heexploredAntarctica.In1776heundertookhisthirdandfinalJamesCook1728-1779JamesCook69voyageinwhichheexploredtheWestCoastofNorthAmericaandtriedtolocateapassagebetweentheAtlanticandPacificoceans.OnthisvoyagehediscoveredtheHawaiianIslands,andsailedupthecoastofNorthAmericathroughtheBeringStraitstotheArcticOcean.OnhisreturnhewaskilledbyHawaiianislanders.Heisregardedasoneoftheworld’sgreatestexploresandnavigators.voyageinwhichheexploredth70Thefourbasicinstrumentsfornavigation:compass,astrolabe,sextantandnauticalchart.Thefourbasicinstrumentsfor71compasscompass72astrolabeastrolabe73sextantsextant74nauticalchartnauticalchart75Answerthequestions.1.Howdoyouthinkseamenfoundtheirwaybeforemodernaccuratemethodsofnavigationwereinvented?Keptclosetotheshore,usednaturesuchasthesun,wind,birds,tide,etc,tohelpthem,andusedsomeoftheinstrumentsincludingacompass,astrolabe,etc.Answerthequestions.1.Howdo762.Whichdoyouthinkwaseasiertoworkout:latitudeorlongitude?Latitude,becauseitwasusedtomeasurehowfaryouhadtraveledfromlandonastraightline.Itwasdiscoveredalongtimebeforelongitude.2.Whichdoyouthinkwaseasi773.Canyouidentifytheseearlynavigationalinstrumentsseamenusedandexplainhowtheyareused?1)compass(inancientChina)2)astrolabe3)sextant4)sea/nautical/marinechart3.Canyouidentifytheseearl784.Whichonesdoyouthinkarestillusedtoday?Seachartsarestillusedtoday.4.Whichonesdoyouthinkare79SailingtheoceansReadaboutwhatnavigationwaslikebeforemoderninstrumentswereused.SailingtheoceansReadaboutw80ScanningScanning81

Howdidseamenexploretheoceansbeforelatitudeandlongitudemadeitpossibletoplotaship’sposition?Page1Howdidseamenexploreth82UsingnatureKeepingalongsidethecoastlineUsingcelestialbodiesUsingwildlifeUsingtheweatherUsingtheseaUsingnatureKeepingalongsid83UsingcelestialbodiestoplotthepositionstoworkoutthelatitudeaspecialcloudformationwhichindicatesthereislandclosebyNorthStarSunCloudsUsingcelestialbodiestoplot84UsingwildlifeIfseaweedwasfreshandsmelledstrongly,theshipwasclosetoland.Seabirdscouldbeusedtoshowthewaytolandwhenitwasnowheretobeseen.SeaweedBirdsUsingwildlifeIfseaweedwasf85UsingtheweatherfogTohelpidentifythepositionofastreamorriverwhen…TodirecttheirsailingWindsUsingtheweatherfogTohelpid86Usetheinformationtoanalyzethenavigationalskillsandwritetheanswersinyourownwords.Tofindtheship’spositionatseaasailorused_______________________.Asailorknewthatlandwasnearbyifhesaw_______________________________________________________________.Sailorsused____________________________toincreasetheirspeed.theNorthStarandthesunseacurrentsortidesandwindsUsingnature

clouds,freshseaweed,nestingbirdsreturninghomeintheeveningorfogUsetheinformationtoanalyze87Whatskillsdidsailorsusetoexploretheseasanddiscovernewlands?Page2Whatskillsdidsailorsuseto88Usingnavigationalinstruments1.Findinglongitude2.Findinglatitudethecompassthebearingcircle(方位圆)theastrolabe(星盘)thequadrant(象限仪,四分仪)thesextant(六分仪)Usingnavigationalinstruments89Readagainandfillintheblanks.Thereweretwomethodstofindlongitude:1.__________________________2.________________________________________________measuringtimeandspeedcompassandcomplicatedmathematicaltablesUsinginstrumentsReadagainandfillinthebla90Writedowntheworkingprinciplesofthefollowinginstruments.Bearingcircle:

Astrolabe:tocomparetheheightofthesunnowwiththepositionofthesunatmidday.

tocomparethepositionoftheshipinrelationtosomestarsorthesun.Writedowntheworkingprinc91Quadrant:amorepreciseformoftheastrolabe,tomeasurehowhighstarsareabovethehorizon,andcomparethatmeasurementwithpreviousmeasurements(usingtheshipasoneofthefixedpointstofinditsposition)Quadrant:amorepreciseformo92Sextant:anupdatedversionofthequadrantandsoitwasmoreaccurate,tomeasuretheanglebetweentwofixedpointsoutsidetheship(usingtwomirrorstofindtheship’sposition).Sextant:anupdatedversionof93horizonSunheightABearingCircleBearingthesunheightandazimuth(Themarkswereusedtomeasuretheshadowofthesunanditsheightandpositioninthesky.)(方位)horizonSunheightABearingCir94Readthepassageandanswerthefollowingquestions.Whatistheuseofabearingcircle,astrolabe,quadrantorsextant?()Whatistheuseofacompass?()A.tosetthecourseoftheshipB.tomeasurethepositionoftheshipC.tomeasurethespeedoftheshipD.totellthetimeBAUsinginstrumentsReadthepassageandanswerth95SkimmingSkimming96Skimthetextandfillintheblanks.NatureCelestialbodieswereusedto_____thepositionsofnavigatorsandtoworkouttheir_______._______wasusedtotellwheretheshipwasclosetolandortoshowthe____toland.plotlatitudeWildlifewaySkimthetextandfillinthe97Theweathercouldhelp________thepositionofastreamorriverandtodirectthesailing.Certain________________ontheseawereusedtocarryshipstothedestination.Navig-ationalinstru-mentsThe________wasusedtohelpfindlongitude.TheBearingCircle,theAstrolabe,theQuadrantandthe________wereusedtofindlatitude.identifytidesandcurrentscompasssextantTheweathercouldhelp_______98DetailedreadingDetailedreading991.Readthepassagecarefullyand thenanswerthequestions.1)Whyarespeedandtimeimportantinworkingoutthelongitudeofaship?

Speedandtimeareimportantinfindingoutthelongitudeofashipbecausetheearthmovesfifteen1.Readthepassagecarefully100degreeswestwardseveryhour.Ifyouknowyourdirection,speedandtime,youcanworkouttheapproximatelongitudeorchangeinyourpositioninrelationtothestars.degreeswestwardseveryh1012)Whyisthepositionofthesunandvariousstarsusefulforworkingoutlatitude?Thepositionofthesunandstarsareusefulforworkingoutlatitudebecausetheyarefixedpointsintheskyandtheirmovementsinrelationtotheeartharealreadyknown.S