2022年英语国际音标练习题

..编辑版编辑版.编辑版语音的根本常识1.关于语音的几个概念

1.1)字母：语言的书写形式。元音字母a,e,i(y),o,u,

2)音标：词的语音形式。

3)音素：音的最小的单位。英语中有48音素。

4)音节：由元音和辅音构成的发音单位。ap'ple,stu'dent,tea'cher,un'der'stand

5)元音：发音响亮，是乐音；口腔中气流不收阻碍；是构成音节的主要音。英语中有20元音。

6)辅音：发音不响亮，是噪音；口腔中气流受到阻碍；不是构成音节的主要音。英语中有28辅音。

7)开音节：a)辅音+元音+辅音+enamebikehomedue;b)辅音+元音he,go,hi

8)闭音节：a)辅音+元音+辅音bad,bed,sit,hot,cup;b)元音+辅音it

9)重读音节：单词中发音特别响亮的音节。

2.读音规那么

1)重读音节(见元音和辅音的例句)

2)非重读音节[]banana,student,today,after,[i]orange,secret,evening,very,Monday3.特殊读音

1〕音的连读：前面的词以元辅音结尾，后面的单词以元音开头，这样结尾的辅音要和开头的元音连读。例如：notatall,halfanhour,Iloveyouandall.afterall

2〕失去爆破：辅音爆破音或摩擦音后面跟的是爆破音、破擦音和摩擦等，前面的辅音要失去爆破。例如：goodgirl,goodstudent,goodjob,expression,school,extreme

3〕音的同化：两个特殊的音碰到一起，会发出变异成特殊的音。例如：Wouldyoudoit?Iamgladtomeetyou.Can'tyouseeit?lastyear,thisyear,4〕浊化音以sp__,st___,sk___开头的单词清辅音/p//t//k/分别要发浊辅音/b//d//g/。4.重音

1)单词重音

A)双音节词

a)一般在第一个音节重读。letter,sorry

b)有a-,be-,de-,re-,res-,in-,im-,en-,em-,es-,ex-,con-,com-,dis-,mis-,pre-,per-,pro-,trans-等前缀的词，第二个音节是重音。a'bout,be'lieve,ad'dress,de'cide,re'port,con'demn,res'pect,com'pare,in'form,dis'cuss,im'press,mis'take,en'force,pre'pare,em'ploy,per'mit,es'cape,pro'duce,ex'claim,trans'late

c)有de-,in-,re-,con-,pre-等前缀的重音与词义和词类有关,一般名词的重音在第一个音节上，其它的词性在第二个音节上。'record,re'cord;'insult,in'sult;'conduct,con'duct;'presentpre'sent;'content,con'tent

d)有些复合词和带有前缀re-,ex-,un-,pre-,post-,等的词，有两个重音。'out'side,'re'tell,'well-'known,'un'real,'fif'teen,'Chi'nese,'pre-'war,'post-'war

B)多音节词

a)一般倒数第三个音节是重音。'difficult,'communist,'family,e'conomy,oppor'tunity,de'mocracy.

b)有一些双音节词，加了前缀和后缀成了多音节，但这些词按原来词根的重音读音。'carefully,in'definite,'comfortable,con'ductor,ac'cording,dis'turbance,'complicated,es'tablishment,

c)词尾有-eous,-grahpy,-ial,-ian,-ic,-ics,-ience,ient,-ify,-ion,-ious,-ity,ive后缀的词，重音在这些后缀的前一个音节上。cour'teous,cal'ligraphy,edi'torial,his'torian,peri'odic,mathe'matics,ex'perience,suf'ficient,i'dentify,trans'lation,re'ligious,curi'osity,pro'tective

d)词尾有-ain,-ee,-eer,-ese,-ette后缀的词，重音在该后缀上，而且有一个次重音。enter'tain,emplo'yee,mountai'neer,Japa'nese,ciga'rette2)句子重音A)英语的节奏：〔轻〕-轻-重-轻-〔轻〕或重-轻-〔轻〕〔轻〕重B)英语句子的长短：是由句子中的重读词的数目决定的，而不是象汉语那样由句子中的汉字数目决定的。C)实词重读〔副词重读〕，虚词轻读(冠词，单音节介词，单音节连词，人称代词，反代词，物主代词，关系代词，相互代词，助动词，情态动词和系动词beD)实词不重读的特殊情况

a)实词第二次出现Hethinksofthatasachildthinks.

b)一个名词被第二个名词修饰Imetherintherailwaystation.

c)代替词Whichbookdoyouwant?Thesmallone.

d)感慨词中的what和howWhatagooddayitis!Howbeautifulsheis!

e)street在专有名词中WangfujingStreet.

f)this在这些短语中，thismorning/afternoon/eveningE)虚词重读的特殊情况

a)情态动词，助动词和系动词be在句首，句尾和否认时。Doyoulikeit?Yes,Ido.Areyouadoctor?Yes,Iam.Canyouhelpme?Yes,Ican.Idon'tlikeyou.Heisn'taworker.

b)情态动词表示可能，惊奇和肯定时。Theymaycomethisevening.Canitbefivealready?Hemustbeintheroom.

c)介词在句首和句尾。Inthebox,hefoundaletter.HeisthepersonItalkedwith.

d)引导复合句的连词在句首。Ifyouwish,I'llvisityou.Whenhecomes,I'lltellhim.

e)反身代词表示强调。Hecouldn'tcomehimself.英语国际标准音标练习元音(20个)单元音12个前元音(4个)[i:][i][e][æ]后元音(5个)[ɑ:][ɔ:][ɔ][u:][u]中元音(3个)[ʌ][ə:][ə]双元音8个合口双元音(5个)[ei][əu][ai][au][ɔi]集中双元音(3个)[iə][uə][ɛə]辅音(28个)清辅音(11个)[p][t][k][f][s][θ][ʃ][tʃ][tr][ts][h]浊辅音(17个)[b][d][g][v][z][ð][ʒ][dʒ][dr][dz][l][m][n][ŋ][j][w][r]/i:/bee/bi:/feet/fi:t/keep/ki:p/key/ki:/team/ti:m/meet/mi:t//i/it/it/big/big/city/siti/give/giv/sick/sik//e/get/get/best/best/text/tekst/help/help//æ/fat/fæt/have/hæv/cat/kæt/back/bæk/hat/hæt//a:/laugh/la:f/glass/gla:s/half/ha:f/farm/fa:m/park/pa:k//ɔ:/horse/hɔ:s/saw/sɔ:/corn/kɔ:n/course/kɔ:s/salt/sɔ:t//ɔ/dog/dɔg/pot/pɔt/cost/kɔst/what/wɔt/honest/′ɔnist//u:/food/fu:d/moon/mu:n/rule/ru:l/loose/lu:s/noon/nu:n//u/book/buk/put/put/good/gud/would/wud/could/kud//ʌ/must/mʌst/does/dʌz/money/′mʌni/ugly/′ʌgli/come/kʌm//ə:/nurse/nə:s/bird/bə:d/burn/bə:n/turn/tə:n/girl/gə:l//ə/better/betə/never/nevə/worker/wə:kə/welcome/welkəm//ei/may/mei/name/neim/game/geim/eight/eit/age/eidʒ//əu/no/nəu/home/həum/hope/həup/wrote/rəut/note/nəut/pose/pəuz//ai/eye/ai/time/taim/buy/bai/right/rait/bike/baik/kite/kait//au/now/nau/out/aut/how/hau/about/ə′baut/south/sauθ/house/haus//ɔi/boy/bɔi/toy/tɔi/noise/nɔiz/voice/vɔis/point/pɔint/coin/kɔin/boilspoil/iə/ear/iə/near/niə/idea/ai′diə/hear/hiə/mere/miə/spear/spiə//εə/air/εə/tear/tεə/care/kεə/dare/dεə/fair/fεə/there/ðεə//uə/tour/tuə/poor/puə/sure/ʃuə/moor/muə/(停泊)your/juə//p/pea/pi:/pie/pai/top/tɔp/cap/kæp/people/pi:pl/pride/praid//b/bee/bi:/by/bai/buy/bai/black/blæk/bear/bεə//t/let/let/sat/sæt/feet/fi:t/team/ti:m/tide/taid//d/led/led/sad/sæd/feed/fi:d/do/du:/dear/diə//k/lack/læk/take/teik/clock/klɔk/class/kla:s/weekend/′wi:kend//g/big/big/lag/læg/glass/gla:s/gum/gʌm/good/gud/guest/gest//f/face/feis/fast/fa:st/leaf/li:f/surf/sə:f/favorite/′feivərit//v/very/′veri/five/faiv/fever/′fi:və/serve/sə:v/never/′nevə//θ/bath/ba:θ/(v洗澡)thick/θik/mouth/mauθ/breath/breθ/(n呼吸)thought/θɔ:t/author/´ɔθə/truth/tru:θ//ð/the/ðə/they/ðei/that/ðæt/mother/′mʌðə/thus/ðʌs/then/ðen//s/face/feis/mouse/maus/cakes/keiks/caps/kæps/likes/laiks/stops/stɔps//z/close/kləuz/keys/ki:z/boys/bɔiz/pens/penz/halves/ha:vz//tʃ/catch/kætʃ/cheep/tʃi:p/rich/ritʃ/watch/wtʃ/child/tʃaild/question/kwestʃən/teach/ti:tʃ/challenge/tʃlindʒ//dʒ/orange/′ɔridʒ/large/la:dʒ/juice/dʒu:s/job/dʒɔb//tr/tree/tri:/try/trai/true/tru:/trouble/traubl/track/træk//dr/dry/drai/dream/dri:m/dress/dres/drink/driŋk/hundred/′hʌndrid//ʃ/she/ʃi:/sharp/ʃa:p/fish/fiʃ/shock/ʃɔk/shoe/ʃu://ʒ/pleasure/′pleʒə/measure/′meʒə/television/′teliviʒən//ts/let′s/lets/sports/spɔ:ts/puts/puts/writes/raits/seats/si:ts//dz/hands/hændz/birds/bə:dz/friends/freindz/beds/bedz/stands/stændz//h/he/hi:/hard/ha:d/him/him/heard/hə:d/half/ha:f//l/like/laik/late/leit/learn/lə:n/lead/li:d/light/lait//m/my/mai/more/mɔ:/seem/si:m/meat/mi:t/mind/maind/men/men//n/nice/nais/wind/waind/mind/maind/rain/rein/fine/fain//ŋ/sing/siŋ/wing/wiŋ/ring/riŋ/long/lɔŋ/beautiful/bju:təfl//j/you/ju:/few/fju:/yard/ja:d/music/′mju:zik/student/′stju:dnt/excuse/ik′skju:z//w/work/wə:k/way/wei/well/wel/what/wɔt/twelve/twelv/twin/twin//r/red/red/road/rəud/write/rait/wrong/rɔŋ/problem/′prɔbləm/音标综合练习1./i://i//e//æ//bit//wi:k//di:l//riəl//kid//dig//kwik//tip//zip//rid//wil//fil/bitweekdealrealkiddigquicktipzipridwillfill/pet//pæk//gæp//kæg//næg//ræm//bætl//sed//′hæpi//ten//red/petpackgapcapnagrambattlesaidhappytenred/′setl//træʃ//di′pend/settletrashdepend2./a://ɔ://ɔ//u://u//a:sk//ma:sk//pa:st//fra:ns//ɔd//lɔ:n//nɔ:t//pɔ:z//fɔks//sɔk/askmaskpastFranceoddlawnnaughtpausefoxsock/fa://la:dʒ//ma:k//lɔ:d//tɔ://stɔ:m//pɔt//krɔp//θɔt//prɔmis/farlargemarkLordtorchstormpotcropthoughtpromise/huk//lu:s//sut//tuk//mud//θru://pul//wud/hookloosesoottookmoodthroughpullwood3./ʌ//ə//ə//bʌz//dʌl//′hʌri//gʌlf//′trʌbl//ə:n//sə:f//′tə:nə//′begə//tʌk/bussdullhurrygulftroubleearnsurfturnerbeggertuck/kə:b//ə:k//ə′merik//′sɔkə//′kæmpə//sə′vei//pə′veid//pə′hæps/curbirkAmericasoccercampersurveypervadeperhaps/bə:′lesk//′mə:də/burlesquemurder3./ei//əu//ai//au//ɔi//keip//greit//mein//prəpəuz//′məuʃən//stəun//′əuvə//sait/kapegreatmainproposemotionstoneoversight/raim//daut//′taipist//aust//mɔist//′ɔistə/rhymedoubttypistoustmoistoyster4./iə//ɛə//uə//viə//ə′fɛə//dɛə//skɛə//buən//guəd//′ruərəl//ə′piə//kəlʌmbiə/veeraffairdarescarebourngourdruralappearColombia/mətiəriəl//mistiəriəs/materialmysterious5./θ//ð//mʌnθ//θi:f//ðæt//ðæn//feiθ//tə′geðə//θæŋk//ðəm′selvz/monththiefthatthanfaithtogetherthankthemselves一.找出画线局部读音不同的单词(每题2分,共20分)

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)1.A.teaB.meatC.weatherD.beach

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)2.A.backB.fastC.haveD.map

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)3.A.warmB.gardenC.marketD.party

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)4.A.schoolB.toothC.chooseD.good

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)5.A.bookB.moodyC.lookD.cook

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)6.A.JuneB.rulerC.putD.menu

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)7.A.pushB.funC.sunD.ugly

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)8.A.tigerB.herC.officerD.over

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)9.A.goB.noC.coldD.hot

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)10.A.likeB.lionC.pizzaD.Friday〔〕11．A．too B．classroom C．broomD．afternoon〔〕12．A．houses B．spell C．student D．sister〔〕13．A．colour B．American C．doctor D．licence〔〕14．A．teacher B．seat C．sweater D．please〔〕15．A．which B．who C．what D．where〔〕16．A．little B．thing C．white D．with〔〕17．A．yellow B．brown C．window D．know〔〕18．A．worry B．sky C．only D．many〔〕19．A．school B．chair C．China D．much〔〕20．A．these B．they C．brother D．three()21.A