牛津译林版高中英语模块2：Unit3-Grammar-and-usage课件

Unit3Unit3andusageandusageLeadinHongKong________toChinain1997.returnedLeadinHongKong________toMacao________toChinain1999.returnedHongKong____________toChinabeforeMacaocamebacktoChina.hadreturnedMacao________toChinain199Thesimplepasttensetalksaboutapastaction.Whensomethinghappensatanevenearliertimeinthepast,weuse

thepastperfecttensePastperfecttensehaddoneThesimplepasttensetalksabPresentPastbuildagardencleanthehouseI___________thehousebeforeI_____agarden.hadcleanedbuiltFridayThefollowingiswhatIdidlastweek.PresentPastbuildagardencleaMoreexamplesofthePastperfecttense.1.Whenwegottothestation,thetrainhadleft.2.Bytheendoflastyear,mybrotherhadbeenasoldierfor10years.MoreexamplesofthePastperf3.BeforeTonywenttowork,hehadfinishedreadingthenovel.4.Notuntil10yearslaterdidsheknow,thediamondshehadborrowedwasjustmadeofglass.

3.BeforeTonywenttowork,h主语+had+过去分词(肯定式)

主语+had+not+过去分词(否定式)Had+主语+过去分词(疑问式)主语+hadbeen+过去分词(被动语态)e.g.Wehadnotheardfromhimsincewelefthere.自从我们离开以来一直没有收到他的来信。Pastperfecttense主语+had+过去分词(肯定式)Pastpe1.在told,said,knew,heard,thought等动词后的宾语从句。

e.g.Shesaid(that)shehadneverbeentoParis.

她告诉我她曾去过巴黎。1.在told,said,knew,heard,2.状语从句在过去不同时间发生的两个动作中，发生在先，用过去完成时；发生在后，用一般过去时。

e.g.Whenthepolicearrived,thethieves

hadrunaway.

警察到达时，小偷们早跑了。

2.状语从句3.表示意向的动词，如hope,wish,expect,think,intend,mean,suppose等，用过去完成时表示“原本……，未能……”。

e.g.We

hadhoped

thatyouwouldcome,butyoudidn’t.

那时我们希望你能来，但是你没有来。3.表示意向的动词，如hope,wish,expec4.在by,bytheend,bythetime,until,before,since后接表示过去某一时间的短语或从句。

e.g.Bytheendoflastyear,we

hadproduced

20,000cars.Thetrain

hadleft

beforewereachedthestation.

4.在by,bytheend,bythetim5.表示“一……就”的几个句型：

Hardlyhad+主语+过去分词+when+一般过去时

Nosoonerhad+主语+过去分词+than+一般过去时

Scarcelyhad+主语+过去分词+before+一般过去时

e.g.Nosooner

hadwebeenseated

thanthebus

started.

我们一坐下，车就开了。5.表示“一……就”的几个句型：1.Thenewsisnosurprisetome,I_____forsometimethatthefactoryisgoingtoshutdown.A.hadknownB.knowC.haveknownD.knew过去完成时不能孤立使用，它必须以过去某一时间为基点，即“过去的过去”，因此只有在和过去某时或动作相比较时才用到它。1.Thenewsisnosurpriseto2.JohnandI______friendsforeightyears.WefirstgottoknoweachotherataChristmasparty.Butwe_____eachotheracoupleoftimesbeforethat.A.hadbeen;haveseenB.havebeen;haveseenC.hadbeen;hadseenD.havebeen;hadseen2.JohnandI______friendsf3.我原打算来的，但太忙了。(mean)Ihadmeanttocome,butIwastoobusy.hadmeant/planned/intendedtodo…,表示过去未曾实现的愿望、打算、想法等。3.我原打算来的，但太忙了。(mean)IhadmeAmeliaEarhartThefirstwomanpilottoflyacrosstheAtlantic生于1897年7月24日，1937年7月2日失踪，1939年1月5日被宣布逝世。AmeliaEarhartThefirstwomanAmeliaEarhartwasbornon24July1897.Shehadanexcitingchildhood.BeforeshemovedtoDesMoines,she⑴____already_____

herfirstairplane.She⑵_______toChicago,sixyearslater.SheworkedasanurseintheFirstWorldWarandbecameinterestedinflying.She⑶______already_______

flyinglessonsbeforesheboughtherfirstplane.hadseenhadmovedtakenAmeliaEarhartwasbornonThenherinterestinflyingreallybegantogrow.In1929,sheorganizedanairraceforwomen.Ayearearlier,she⑷___________thefirstwomanairpassengertoflyacrosstheAtlantic.

ShemarriedGeorgePutnamin1931.They⑸__________threeyearsbeforewhenheinterviewedherinNewYork.In1932,shebecamethefirstwomantoflyaloneacrosstheAtlantic.hadbecomehadmetThenherinterestinflyinOn1June1937,she⑹_______herround-the-worldflight.TheflightwentwellinJune.ShereachedNewGuineaonthe29th.She⑺____________flyingnearlyamonthearlier.WhenbasetriedtocontactAmeliaat9.30p.m.on2July1937,she⑻_____already______missing.startedhadstartedhadgoneOn1June1937,she⑹___牛津译林版高中英语模块2：Unit3-Grammar-and-usage课件WhentheTitanicwasbuilt,peopleassumeditwouldneversink.So,whenitsankonitsfirstjourney,thenews(1)__________(surprise)everyonegreatly.TheTitanicwasbuiltinBelfast,Ireland.Itsmakers(2)_______(spend)agreatdealofmoneybuildingtheextraordinaryship.Whenitwasfinished,itwasthelargestandmostcomfortableshipeverbuilt.surprisedspentWhentheTitanicwasbuilt,peTheTitanicsetsailon10April1921.‘I(3)_____________(want)tosetfootontheTitaniceversinceitwasbuilt,’saidMollyBrown,aTitanicsurvivor.‘Ineverimagineditwouldsink.’On13April,theTitanicwassailingatfullspeedtowardsNewYork.Thecaptain,who(4)____________(receive)warningsabouticebergsallday,hadmissedthewarningsasthey(5)_________(arrive).hadwantedhadreceivedarrivedTheTitanicsetsailon10AprAt2.20a.m.,theTitanicsankintothesea.It(6)_______(hit)anicebergjustovertwohoursbefore.Ofthe2,208peopleaboardtheship,only705(7)_________(survive).ExplorerRobertBallard(8)____________(search)fortheTitanicformorethan20yearbeforehefoundit.‘Whennewtechnologywasdeveloped,we(9)_____(use)ittosendcamerasdownhadhithadsearchedusedsurvivedAt2.20a.m.,theTitanicsankintosea.Finally,wefoundtheship.’Withhiscameras,hewasabletofindtheholealongthesideoftheshipwhich(10)___________(cause)ittofillwithwaterandsink.hadcausedintosea.Finally,wefoundthThepresentperfecttenseisusedwhenwearetalkingaboutapasteventwhichrelatestothepresenttime.Thepastperfecttenseisusedwhenwearediscussingthepastandwanttotalk

aboutanevenearlierevent.Presentperfectorpastperfect?ThepresentperfecttenseisuCaiLunisafamousChineseinventor,knownforinventingpaper.CaiinventedpaperinAD105,but(1)____________manytimesatfirst.Beforehisinventionworked,Cai(2)___________manydifferentpartsoftreesandplantstomakeTheinventorofpaperheartrycatchfailshowhadfailedhadtriedCaiLunisafamousChineseinpaper---evenoldfishingnets!AfterCaiinventedpaper,peoplealloverChinausedit.Atthattime,however,noone(3)___________ofCaiorpaperintheWest.PaperwasspreadtotheWestthroughtheArabs,wholearnthowtomakepaperinAD751.They(4)____________severalChinesepapermakersduringawar,hadheardhadcaughtpaper---evenoldfishingnetwhothentoldthemaboutCai’sinvention.Oncethepapermakers(5)____________peoplehowtomakepaper,itcameintowidespreaduseallovertheworld.hadshownwhothentoldthemaboutCai’s1.现在完成时表示发生在过去但对现在有影响的动作。e.g.你听说过林则徐的故事吗？

HaveyouheardaboutthestoryofLinZexu?Summary1.现在完成时表示发生在过去但对现在有影响的动作。e.2.表示从过去某一时间开始并一直持续到现在（可能还会继续下去）的动作，常用于延续性动词，多带有延续性时间状语，如:since,forthreeweeks,sofar,inrecentyears等。e.g.这座房子已闲置好多年。

Thehousehasbeenemptyformanyyears.2.表示从过去某一时间开始并一直持续到现在（可能还会继3.表示将来，用于时间、条件等从句中。e.g.我一完成工作就和你一起去。I’llgowithyouassoonasIhavefinishedmywork.3.表示将来，用于时间、条件等从句中。e.g.我一完成工

注*终止性动词一般不与延续性时间状语连用，所以有些句子在汉语中成立，在英语中则要适当变通。如：“他参军已经三年了。”不能翻译成：“Hehasjoinedthearmyforthreeyears.”但可变通为：“Hehasbeenasoldier/inthearmyforthreeyears.”注*终止性动词一般不与延续性时间状语连用，所以有些“Hejoinedthearmythreeyearsago.”

但是终止性动词的否定式则可以用于完成时。如：

Wehaven’tseeneachotherforalongtime.“Hejoinedthearmythreeyear*在“thisisthefirst(second)timethat…”句型中，从句谓语常用现在完成时。e.g.这是我第三次来这里。

ThisisthethirdtimethatIhavebeenhere.*副词before常与现在完成时连用。

e.g.Haveyouevermethimbefore?

你以前见过他吗？*在“thisisthefirst(seco1.Tomwasdisappointedthatmostoftheguests__whenhe__attheparty.A.left;hadarrivedB.left;arrivedC.hadleft;hadarrivedD.hadleft;arrived1.Tomwasdisappointedthatm2.We______fourthousandnewwordsbytheendoflastyear.hadlearnedB.havelearnedC.learnedD.willhavelearned2.We______fourthousandnew3.WhenMarkopenedthedoor,hesawawomanstandingthere.He____herbefore.A.neversawB.hadneverseenC.neverseesD.hasneverseen3.WhenMarkopenedthedoor,4.Ican’tseeanycoffeeinthiscupboard._____?A.HasitallbeenfinishedB.WasitallfinishedC.HasitallfinishedD.Diditallfinished4.Ican’tseeanycoffeeint5.______mysisterthreetimestodaybutherlinewasalwaysbusy.A.I’dphonedB.I’vebeenphoningC.I’vephonedD.Iwasphoning5.______mysisterthreetime6.----Thewindowisdirty.----Iknow.It________forweeks.A.hasn’tcleanedB.didn’tcleanC.wasn’tcleanedD.hasn’tbeencleaned6.----Thewindowisdirty.7.Thefirstuseofatomicweaponswasin1945,andtheirpower____increasedenormouslyeversince.A.isB.wasC.hasbeenD.hadbeen7.Thefirstuseofatomicwea8.Morepatients___inhospitalthisyearthanlastyear.A.TreatedB.havetreatedC.havebeentreatedD.havebeentreated8.Morepatients___inhospit9.They___ontheprogramforalmostoneweekbeforeIjoinedthem,andnowwe___itasnogoodresultshavecomeoutsofar.A.hadbeenworking;arestillworkingB.hadworked;werestillworkingC.havebeenworking;haveworkedD.haveworked;arestillworking9.They___ontheprogramfo今天上午十点钟前，他已经完成了这项工作。他告诉我他从小就认识她。Hehadfinishedheworkbeforeteno’clockthismorning.Hetoldmethathehadknownhersincehewasachild.今天上午十点钟前，他已经完成了这项工作。Hehadfin3.我原以为我以前见过他。IthoughtIhadseenhimbefore.4.八点钟，学生开始在田里劳动，这 时雨已经停了，太阳出来了。Thestudentsstartedworkinginthefieldsat8o’clock.Therainhadstoppedandthesunwasshining.3.我原以为我以前见过他。IthoughtIhad5.我本来希望昨晚回来的，但没搭上 火车。Ihadhopedtobebacklastnight,butIdidn’tcatchthetrain.5.我本来希望昨晚回来的，但没搭上 火车。IhadhoWorkbookExerciseWorkbookExercise牛津译林版高中英语模块2：Unit3-Grammar-and-usage课件Unit3Unit3andusageandusageLeadinHongKong________toChinain1997.returnedLeadinHongKong________toMacao________toChinain1999.returnedHongKong____________toChinabeforeMacaocamebacktoChina.hadreturnedMacao________toChinain199Thesimplepasttensetalksaboutapastaction.Whensomethinghappensatanevenearliertimeinthepast,weuse

thepastperfecttensePastperfecttensehaddoneThesimplepasttensetalksabPresentPastbuildagardencleanthehouseI___________thehousebeforeI_____agarden.hadcleanedbuiltFridayThefollowingiswhatIdidlastweek.PresentPastbuildagardencleaMoreexamplesofthePastperfecttense.1.Whenwegottothestation,thetrainhadleft.2.Bytheendoflastyear,mybrotherhadbeenasoldierfor10years.MoreexamplesofthePastperf3.BeforeTonywenttowork,hehadfinishedreadingthenovel.4.Notuntil10yearslaterdidsheknow,thediamondshehadborrowedwasjustmadeofglass.

3.BeforeTonywenttowork,h主语+had+过去分词(肯定式)

主语+had+not+过去分词(否定式)Had+主语+过去分词(疑问式)主语+hadbeen+过去分词(被动语态)e.g.Wehadnotheardfromhimsincewelefthere.自从我们离开以来一直没有收到他的来信。Pastperfecttense主语+had+过去分词(肯定式)Pastpe1.在told,said,knew,heard,thought等动词后的宾语从句。

e.g.Shesaid(that)shehadneverbeentoParis.

她告诉我她曾去过巴黎。1.在told,said,knew,heard,2.状语从句在过去不同时间发生的两个动作中，发生在先，用过去完成时；发生在后，用一般过去时。

e.g.Whenthepolicearrived,thethieves

hadrunaway.

警察到达时，小偷们早跑了。

2.状语从句3.表示意向的动词，如hope,wish,expect,think,intend,mean,suppose等，用过去完成时表示“原本……，未能……”。

e.g.We

hadhoped

thatyouwouldcome,butyoudidn’t.

那时我们希望你能来，但是你没有来。3.表示意向的动词，如hope,wish,expec4.在by,bytheend,bythetime,until,before,since后接表示过去某一时间的短语或从句。

e.g.Bytheendoflastyear,we

hadproduced

20,000cars.Thetrain

hadleft

beforewereachedthestation.

4.在by,bytheend,bythetim5.表示“一……就”的几个句型：

Hardlyhad+主语+过去分词+when+一般过去时

Nosoonerhad+主语+过去分词+than+一般过去时

Scarcelyhad+主语+过去分词+before+一般过去时

e.g.Nosooner

hadwebeenseated

thanthebus

started.

我们一坐下，车就开了。5.表示“一……就”的几个句型：1.Thenewsisnosurprisetome,I_____forsometimethatthefactoryisgoingtoshutdown.A.hadknownB.knowC.haveknownD.knew过去完成时不能孤立使用，它必须以过去某一时间为基点，即“过去的过去”，因此只有在和过去某时或动作相比较时才用到它。1.Thenewsisnosurpriseto2.JohnandI______friendsforeightyears.WefirstgottoknoweachotherataChristmasparty.Butwe_____eachotheracoupleoftimesbeforethat.A.hadbeen;haveseenB.havebeen;haveseenC.hadbeen;hadseenD.havebeen;hadseen2.JohnandI______friendsf3.我原打算来的，但太忙了。(mean)Ihadmeanttocome,butIwastoobusy.hadmeant/planned/intendedtodo…,表示过去未曾实现的愿望、打算、想法等。3.我原打算来的，但太忙了。(mean)IhadmeAmeliaEarhartThefirstwomanpilottoflyacrosstheAtlantic生于1897年7月24日，1937年7月2日失踪，1939年1月5日被宣布逝世。AmeliaEarhartThefirstwomanAmeliaEarhartwasbornon24July1897.Shehadanexcitingchildhood.BeforeshemovedtoDesMoines,she⑴____already_____

herfirstairplane.She⑵_______toChicago,sixyearslater.SheworkedasanurseintheFirstWorldWarandbecameinterestedinflying.She⑶______already_______

flyinglessonsbeforesheboughtherfirstplane.hadseenhadmovedtakenAmeliaEarhartwasbornonThenherinterestinflyingreallybegantogrow.In1929,sheorganizedanairraceforwomen.Ayearearlier,she⑷___________thefirstwomanairpassengertoflyacrosstheAtlantic.

ShemarriedGeorgePutnamin1931.They⑸__________threeyearsbeforewhenheinterviewedherinNewYork.In1932,shebecamethefirstwomantoflyaloneacrosstheAtlantic.hadbecomehadmetThenherinterestinflyinOn1June1937,she⑹_______herround-the-worldflight.TheflightwentwellinJune.ShereachedNewGuineaonthe29th.She⑺____________flyingnearlyamonthearlier.WhenbasetriedtocontactAmeliaat9.30p.m.on2July1937,she⑻_____already______missing.startedhadstartedhadgoneOn1June1937,she⑹___牛津译林版高中英语模块2：Unit3-Grammar-and-usage课件WhentheTitanicwasbuilt,peopleassumeditwouldneversink.So,whenitsankonitsfirstjourney,thenews(1)__________(surprise)everyonegreatly.TheTitanicwasbuiltinBelfast,Ireland.Itsmakers(2)_______(spend)agreatdealofmoneybuildingtheextraordinaryship.Whenitwasfinished,itwasthelargestandmostcomfortableshipeverbuilt.surprisedspentWhentheTitanicwasbuilt,peTheTitanicsetsailon10April1921.‘I(3)_____________(want)tosetfootontheTitaniceversinceitwasbuilt,’saidMollyBrown,aTitanicsurvivor.‘Ineverimagineditwouldsink.’On13April,theTitanicwassailingatfullspeedtowardsNewYork.Thecaptain,who(4)____________(receive)warningsabouticebergsallday,hadmissedthewarningsasthey(5)_________(arrive).hadwantedhadreceivedarrivedTheTitanicsetsailon10AprAt2.20a.m.,theTitanicsankintothesea.It(6)_______(hit)anicebergjustovertwohoursbefore.Ofthe2,208peopleaboardtheship,only705(7)_________(survive).ExplorerRobertBallard(8)____________(search)fortheTitanicformorethan20yearbeforehefoundit.‘Whennewtechnologywasdeveloped,we(9)_____(use)ittosendcamerasdownhadhithadsearchedusedsurvivedAt2.20a.m.,theTitanicsankintosea.Finally,wefoundtheship.’Withhiscameras,hewasabletofindtheholealongthesideoftheshipwhich(10)___________(cause)ittofillwithwaterandsink.hadcausedintosea.Finally,wefoundthThepresentperfecttenseisusedwhenwearetalkingaboutapasteventwhichrelatestothepresenttime.Thepastperfecttenseisusedwhenwearediscussingthepastandwanttotalk

aboutanevenearlierevent.Presentperfectorpastperfect?ThepresentperfecttenseisuCaiLunisafamousChineseinventor,knownforinventingpaper.CaiinventedpaperinAD105,but(1)____________manytimesatfirst.Beforehisinventionworked,Cai(2)___________manydifferentpartsoftreesandplantstomakeTheinventorofpaperheartrycatchfailshowhadfailedhadtriedCaiLunisafamousChineseinpaper---evenoldfishingnets!AfterCaiinventedpaper,peoplealloverChinausedit.Atthattime,however,noone(3)___________ofCaiorpaperintheWest.PaperwasspreadtotheWestthroughtheArabs,wholearnthowtomakepaperinAD751.They(4)____________severalChinesepapermakersduringawar,hadheardhadcaughtpaper---evenoldfishingnetwhothentoldthemaboutCai’sinvention.Oncethepapermakers(5)____________peoplehowtomakepaper,itcameintowidespreaduseallovertheworld.hadshownwhothentoldthemaboutCai’s1.现在完成时表示发生在过去但对现在有影响的动作。e.g.你听说过林则徐的故事吗？

HaveyouheardaboutthestoryofLinZexu?Summary1.现在完成时表示发生在过去但对现在有影响的动作。e.2.表示从过去某一时间开始并一直持续到现在（可能还会继续下去）的动作，常用于延续性动词，多带有延续性时间状语，如:since,forthreeweeks,sofar,inrecentyears等。e.g.这座房子已闲置好多年。

Thehousehasbeenemptyformanyyears.2.表示从过去某一时间开始并一直持续到现在（可能还会继3.表示将来，用于时间、条件等从句中。e.g.我一完成工作就和你一起去。I’llgowithyouassoonasIhavefinishedmywork.3.表示将来，用于时间、条件等从句中。e.g.我一完成工

注*终止性动词一般不与延续性时间状语连用，所以有些句子在汉语中成立，在英语中则要适当变通。如：“他参军已经三年了。”不能翻译成：“Hehasjoinedthearmyforthreeyears.”但可变通为：“Hehasbeenasoldier/inthearmyforthreeyears.”注*终止性动词一般不与延续性时间状语连用，所以有些“Hejoinedthearmythreeyearsago.”

但是终止性动词的否定式则可以用于完成时。如：

Wehaven’tseeneachotherforalongtime.“Hejoinedthearmythreeyear*在“thisisthefirst(second)timethat…”句型中，从句谓语常用现在完成时。e.g.这是我第三次来这里。

ThisisthethirdtimethatIhavebeenhere.*副词before常与现在完成时连用。

e.g.Haveyouevermethimbefore?

你以前见过他吗？*在“thisisthefirst(seco1.Tomwasdisappointedthatmostoftheguests__whenhe__attheparty.A.left;hadarrivedB.left;arrivedC.hadleft;hadarrivedD.hadleft;arrived1.Tomwasdisappointedthatm2.We______fourthousandnewwordsbytheendoflastyear.hadlearnedB.havelearnedC.learnedD.willhavelearned2.We______fourthousandnew3.WhenMarkopenedthedoor,hesawawomanstandingthere.He____herbefore.A.neversawB.hadneverseenC.neverseesD.hasneverseen3.WhenMarkopenedthedoor,4.Ican’tseeanycoffeeinthiscupboard._____?A.HasitallbeenfinishedB.