初中英语中考常考重要固定搭配与一词多义汇总（共60组）

中考英语常考重要固定搭配与一词多义01.greewith①同意；赞同：Iquiteagreewithhimonthesports.我非常同意他在运动方面的观点。②与…相符；与致：Hiswordsdonotagreewithhisactions.他言行不一致。③［常用于否定句］（食物等）适合：Toomuchmeatdoesn,tagreewithher.她不宜吃太多肉。02.oldon①抓着…不放；坚持：Sheheldontometightly.她紧紧地抓住我。Iwillholdontomydreamandnevergiveitup.我要坚持自己的梦想，永不放弃。②［电话用语］别挂断；等一下：Canyouholdon?I'11seeifthemanager?sintheoffice.先别挂电话行吗？我去看看经理在不在办公室。03.akeup①［不用于进行时］组成；构成：Insomelanguages,100wordsmakeuphalfofallwordsusedindailyconversations.在一些语言中，100个词就构成了一半的日常会话用语。②编写；编造：Atyourfirstmeetingyoushouldmakeuparulebook.在第一次会议上，你要编写出一个规章手册。③为…化妆:Theymadehimupasanoldmanforthelastactoftheplay.在演这出戏的最后一幕时，他们把他打扮成一个老头。04.ickup①拿起；拾起：ThephonerangandIpickeditup.电话响了，我接了起来。Ipickeduptherubbishandthrewitintothetrashcan.我把垃圾拾起来，扔进垃圾桶。②（车辆等）中途搭（人）；中途带（货）：I'vegottopickupmydaughterfromschoolatfouro'clock.我四点钟得去学校接女儿。③营救；救起：Twentymenfellintothewaterandwerepickedupbyotherboats.二十人落水后，被其他船只救起。④（偶然地、无意地）得到；学会（语言）；买到：ShepickedupJapanesewhenshewasinJapan.Nowshecanspeakitfreely.她在日本时学会了日语，现在她日语讲得很流利。Wemanagedtopickupafewbargainsinthemarket.我们从市场上买到了几件便宜货。⑤接收到：WewereabletopickuptheBBCWorldService.我们能收听到英国广播公司的国际广播节目。⑥重提（话题）；恢复（健康等）：Hepicksupthisthemeagaininlaterchaptersofthebook.在该书的后几章，他又重回到这个主题上。05.akeup开始（从事）；占用Rogerstookuppaintingforawhile,butsoonlostinterest.罗杰斯学了一段时间的绘画，但很快便失去了兴趣。Meetingsandphonecallstakeupalargepartoftheday.开会和接电话占用了一天中的大部分时间。06.urnout①制造；生产；培养出：Thefactoryturnsout900carsaweek.这家工厂一周生产九百辆汽车。②原来（是）；证明（是）；结果（是）：Unexpectedlytheweatherturnedoutprettynicethatday.出乎意料的是，那天天气特别好。Itturnedoutthathisbrotherdiedofaheartattack.原来他的兄弟死于心脏病。07.workout①算出；总共达：I'mjusttryingtoworkouthowmuchIspendeachmonth.我正在尽力算出我每月的开销。②解决；把…弄清楚：Toworkoutthedifficultmathsproblem,IhaveconsultedProfessorRussellseveraltimes.为了解出这道数学难题，我已经请教拉塞尔教授好几次了。③制定（出）：Trainedexerciseteacherscanhelpyouworkoutatrainingplanandkeepyouactive.训练有素的体育老师能帮你制定一套训练计划，使你保持活力。④产生结果；被证明有效：EverythingworkedoutOKintheend.事情的结果还不错。IwanttofollowDavid,sexamplebutitneverworkedoutforme.我想效仿大卫的做法，但这对我没有效果。⑤锻炼；训练：Igotothesportsclubandworkoutonceaweek.我一周去一次体育馆锻炼。08.etthrough到达；通过；打通：Shegotthroughtheexamination.她通过了考试。Focusingonthatgoalhelpsmegetthroughtoughtimes.专注于那一目标帮我熬过了艰难时期。Itriedphoningheroffice,butIcouldn,tgetthrough.我试过打她办公室电话，但没打通。09.akeout①勉强看见；听见:Icouldbarelymakeoutthestageinthedarkness.黑暗中我几乎看不见舞台。IcouldhearvoicesbutIcouldn'tmakeoutwhatmanagetheyweresaying.我能听到说话的声音，但听不清他们在说什么。②理解；弄清：Hiswritingissoconfusingthatit'sdifficulttomakeoutwhatheistryingtoexpress.他的笔迹模糊不清，很难弄清他到底想表达什么。③写出；开列：Shewasmakingoutalistofpeopletoinvite.她正在写一份邀请名单。utup①举起；抬起；提图：Putupyourhandsifyouhaveanyquestions.如果有问题请举手。Theyhaveputuptherentby$200amonth.他们把每月的租金提高了200美元。②公布；张贴（布告、相片等）：Posterswereputuparoundourschool,callinguponustojoinintheactionsforagreenerearth.校园中到处张贴着海报，号召我们加入到让地球更环保的行动中去。③建造（房屋等）；搭建：They,veputupalotofhigh-risebuildingsrecently.最近他们盖起了很多高楼大厦。④留宿；住宿：IwashopingKennycouldputmeupforafewdays.我希望肯尼能让我留宿几天。etdown,记下；放下：Idon'twanttosetdownaseriesoffactsinadiaryasmostpeopledo.我不愿像大多数人那样在日记中记流水账。urnover①翻身；（使）翻转；翻过（书页）：Hedidnotfallasleep,turningoverinbedfromtimetotime.他没睡着，在床上时不时地翻身。Don'tturnoverthepageyet.先别把这页翻过去。②移交：Heturnedovertheworktothesecretary.他把工作移交给了秘书。reakdown①（机器等）出故障；（身体等）垮掉；（情感等）失控：Onmywaytothestationmycarbrokedown.去车站的路上，我的车坏了。Herhealthbrokedownunderthepressureofwork.她的身体在工作压力下垮掉了。Hebrokedownashethoughtofhisfailuretosellallhisnewspapers.想到没卖掉所有的报纸，他禁不住哭了起来。②（谈判等）失败：Talksbetweenthetwosideshavebrokendown.双方的谈判破裂了。③把…分若干部分（以方便做或理解）：Eachlessonisbrokendownintoseveralunits.每——课者B分成几部分。ookdownupon轻视；看不起：Neverlookdownonpeoplelesssuperiorthanyou.不要轻视不如你的人。ookupto尊敬；仰视：Ilookuptohimbecausehe'sarealartist.我尊敬他，因为他是个真正的艺术家。iedown逐渐变弱；逐渐降低;.Whentheapplausehaddieddown,shebeganherspeech.掌声渐渐消失时，她开始讲话。Thewindhasdieddownabit.风小了一点。etover越过；克服；恢复过来：Idon'tknowhowwearegoingtogetoverthesedifficulties.我不知道我们怎样才能克服这些困难。Wearecertainthathewillgetoverhisillness.我们相信他一定会战胜疾病。goby走过；流逝；过去：Everythingwillgeteasierastimegoesby.随着时间的推移，一切都会好起来的。goover从一处到（另一处）；温习：Wewentovertotheflowersellerandaskedherifwecouldbuyaflower.我们到卖花的人身边，问她我们能不能买朵花。Letusgooveryouransweragain.让我们再检查一下你的答案。I'vegottogoovermynotesfortomorrow,sexam.我必须复习笔记准备明天的考试。ookinto调查：Thepolicearelookingintothedisappearanceoftwochildren.警方正在调查两个孩子失踪的事件。utdown①放下：OnceIstartedreadingthemysterynovel,Ijustcouldn'tputitdown.一旦我开始读那本悬疑小说，就再也放不下了。②写下；记下：Pleaseputdownyournameandaddresshere.请把您的姓名和地址写在这儿。unawayfrom逃走；躲避Thethiefheardthenoiseandranawayquickly.小偷听到声音，匆忙逃走了。It'sirresponsibleofyoutorunawayfromdifficulties.见了困难就躲是不负责的。akein①吸入；收留：Treestakeincarbondioxideandgiveoutoxygen.树木吸收二氧化碳释放氧气。Hewashomeless,sowetookhimin.他无家可归，于是我们收留了他。②理解：ItwasseveralminutesbeforeIcouldtakeinwhathewassaying.过了好几分钟，我才理解他说的是什么。③欺骗：Shetookmeincompletelywithherstory.她用一番花言巧语完全把我骗住了。earout①穿破；磨损：I'vealreadywornouttwopairsofshoesthisyear.今年我已经穿破两双鞋了。②（使）疲乏；（使）耗尽；（使）厌倦：Thesebirdsareindangerofwearingthemselvesoutbysingingtoomuch.这些鸟因过度鸣叫面临着累坏自己的危险。reakup①（使）破碎：Thewaterwascoveredwithice,whichcouldsometimesbreakupwithoutwarning.水面上覆盖着冰，这些冰有时会突然破碎。②（使）（关系等）破裂：I'msurprisedtohearthatSueandPaulhavebrokenup.听到苏和保罗分手了我很惊讶。Theydecidedtobreakuptheirpartnership.他们决定结束合作关系。③分解；分拆：breakthecompanyupintoseveralsmallerones把公司分拆成几家小公司④驱散；解散：Thepolicecamerunningandbrokeupthecrowd.警察跑过来把人群驱散了。ringabout引起；造成：Sciencehasbroughtaboutmanychangesinourlives.科学给我们的生活带来了诸多变化。ringup①［常用于被动语态］抚养；养育；教养：Hisfatherdiedwhenhewasyoung,andhewasbroughtupbyhismother.在他年幼时父亲就去世了，他是由母亲抚养长大的。②提出（讨论等）：Everytime1bringthematterup,hechangesthesubject.每当我提起这件事，他就会转移话题。uildupHehasbuilt（up）hisbusinessovertheyears.这些年来他逐步建立起了自己的生意。Outdooractivitiesarereallyhelpfulinbuildingupmybodyandenrichingmyschoollife.户外活动确实对我增强体质和丰富学校生活有益。arryout实行；执行：Ihadsomedifficultyincarryingouttheplan.实施这个计划我有些困难。Theyjustcarriedouttheorderastold.他们只是按命令行事。omeacross①偶然遇到；碰见：Whenreadingarticlesrelatedtoscience,weoftencomeacrossdifficultorunfamiliarwords.读与科学相关的文章时，我们常常碰到难词或生词。②被理解：Hespokeforalongtime,buthismeaningdidnotcomeacross.他讲了很久，但还是没有把意思讲明白。omeupwith想出；提出；提供：Ourclasscameupwiththeideatomakebetteruseofusedmaterials.我们班的同学提出了这一想法，以更好利用废旧材料。Theywanttobuythehouse,buttheycouldn'tcomeupwiththecash.他们想买房，但是拿不出这笔现金。igureout弄清楚；弄明白；计算出：Icouldn,tfigureoutwhatIhaddonetoannoymyboss.我不明白自己做了什么让老板生气。Haveyoufiguredouthowmuchthetripwillcost?旅行要花多少费用你算出来没有？etdownto开始做；开始认真对待：It'stimewegotdowntobusiness.我们该开始干正事了。iveaway①送掉；分发（奖品等）：TheStudents'Unioncalledonustogiveawayourusedbookstothestudentsinthelowergrades.学生会号召我们把用过的书送给低年级的学生。②泄露（秘密）；出卖：Iwillnevergiveyoursecretsawayagain.我绝不会再泄露你的秘密。Hisaccentgiveshimawayasasoutherner.他的口音让人听出他是南方人。③放弃（机会等）；输掉：Wouldtheygiveawaytheirchancetowinthegame?他们会放弃赢得比赛的机会吗？Wegaveawaytwogoalsinthefirsthalf.上半场我们输了两个球。iveup放弃；让：Shedecidedtogiveupherjobandstartacoffeebar.她决定辞去工作，开一家咖啡馆。Hegaveuphisseattoapregnantwoman.他把座位让给了一位孕妇。eadto致使；导致:Alackofconfidencecanleadtoalotofsuffering.缺乏自信会导致很多痛苦。Goodhabitsalwaysleadtohighefficiency,whilebadonesbringtheopposite.好习惯总是会带来高效率，而坏习惯则相反。leaveout①遗漏；不包括：Ifyoustudyinasystematicway,youwon'tleaveanythingout.如果你用系统的方法来学习，你就不会遗漏任何东西。②被忽视；觉得被冷落：Newfathersoftenfeelleftoutwhenbabyarrives.有了孩子后，初为人父者往往有一种被冷落的感觉。_iveupto不辜负；符合；履行：Hefailedtoliveuptohisparents?expectations.他辜负了父母的期望。ookup抬头看；查阅：ShelookedupfromherbooksasIenteredtheroom.我进入房间时，她从书本上抬起头来看了看。Iftherearewordsyoudonotunderstand,lookthemupinadictionary.如果有不懂的单词就查字典。utaway①把…收起；放好：Kids一willyouputawayyourtoysnow?孩子们，现在把玩具收起来好吗？②储存…备用：We'reputtingsomemoneyawayforexpenses.我们省下一笔钱来应付开销。utforward把…提前；提出：Wehaveputforwardtheweddingbytwoweeks.我们把婚礼提前了两周。Whoputforwardatheoryaboutblackholes?谁提出了黑洞理论？putoff延期；推迟：.Shecalledthisafternoontoputoffthemeetingtonextweek.她下午打电话说把会议推迟到下周。utupwith忍受；容忍：Ican'tputupwiththeirsmokinganylonger.我再也无法忍受他们抽烟了。Icanputupwithmanythings,butnotwithpeoplewhosteal.我能容忍很多事情，但绝不容忍小偷小摸的人。runout(of)用完；耗尽：Inthefuture,carefortheenvironmentwillbecomeveryimportantasearth,snaturalresourcesrunout.在未来，爱护环境将会很重要，因为地球的资源将濒临枯竭。setaside留出；把…置于一旁：Setasidesometimeeachdaytowrite,evenifitisonlyfiveminutes.每天留出一点儿时间来写作，哪怕只有5分钟。takeon呈现；雇用；接受；承担：Shortlyaftersufferingfromalargeearthquakeandbeingreducedtoruins,thecitytookonanewlook.在遭受大地震成为废墟后不久，这座城市呈现出新面貌。Nomoreworkersarebeingtakenonatpresent.眼下不再招收工人。Hissecretarywillhavetotakeonmostofhisworkwhilehe'sgone.他的秘书得在他不在的时候承担他的大部分工作。urndown①关小；调低（音量等）：CouldyoupleaseturndownyourTVabit?你可以把电视音量关小一点儿吗？②拒绝：Howcouldyouturndownsuchafantasticjobwhenyouhavebeenoutofworkformonths?你已经好几个月没有工作了，怎么能拒绝这么好的一份工作呢？urnto转向；求助于：Theirtalkturnedtothechangethathadtakenplaceinthecity.他们的话题转到了城市发生的变化。Pleaseturntothepoliceforhelpwhenyouareintrouble.遇到困难时请向警察求助。urnup①开大；调高（音量等）：TurnuptheradiosothatIcanheartheprogram.把收音机音量开大些，好让我听到这个节目。②（人）到达；出现：Hepromisedthathewouldcome,buthehasn'tturnedupyet.他承诺会来，但还没出现。ringon①使提高；使进步：MorestudyshouldbringonyourEnglish.努力学习会提高你的英语水平。②引起；导致：Stresscanbringonillness.压力会引起疾病。allfor①需要；要求：Sometimessituationscallforustoactstrongandbraveevenwhenwedon'tfeelthatway.有时形势要求我们表现得强大、勇敢，即使我们自己并不觉得是那样。②去（某处）接人/物：I'11callforyouatyourhome.我会到你家接你。allup打电话给；使人想起：1’11callyouupwhen1needyourhelp.我需要你帮助的时候会给你打电话。Thispicturecalledupmemoriesofourclasstrip.这张照片使我想起我们班的那