控压钻井设备哈里伯顿课件

ManagedPressureDrilling(MPD)TechnologyOverview控压钻井技术GeoBalanceTMMANAGEDPRESSUREDRILLINGSYSTEMFeb112009ManagedPressureDrilling(MPD)GePresentationOutlineMPDIntroduction

控压钻井技术介绍JobDesign

控压作业MPDEquipment

控压钻井工具Communication

控压钻井团队RigSiteProcedures控压钻井操作程序Casehistories

控压钻井实例PresentationOutlineMPDIntrodImportanceofHSEIfitcan’tbedonesafely….Itwon’tbedoneImportanceofHSEIfitcan’tbGlobalWellOperatorIssues

Highlydeviatedwellconditions

BoreholestabilityproblemsWellcontrolwhiledrillingNarrowdrillingmarginsDepletedReservoirsRiskofsticking,expensivefishingjobsandsidetracksShallowflowwatersandsIntroductiontoMPDTechnology

控压钻井技术介绍GlobalWellOperatorIssuesHiAdvantagesofMPD

控压钻井技术应用效应ImprovedROPandreduceddrillingtime 改善钻速和减少钻井时间Improvedsuccesswithdrillingnarrowpressuremargins 钻井狭窄压力窗口Reducedwellborebreathing,influxesandlostcirculation

减少的井筒呼吸，成功应付井侵和失返Improvereservoirproductivitybydecreasingamountofoverbalanced

保护油气层不受破坏Improvedwellborequalitybyminimisingwellborecollapse

减少井口崩溃AdvantagesofMPD控压钻井技术应用效应Im“Adaptivedrillingprocessusedtopreciselycontroltheannularpressureprofilethroughoutthewellbore.Theobjectivesaretoascertainthedownholepressureenvironmentlimitsandtomanagetheannularhydraulicpressureprofileaccordingly”.(IADC)ManagedPressureDrillingDefinition“AdaptivedrillingprocessuseManagedPressureDrillingOperationsControllingpressureintheannulus控制井口压力

NotanewconceptTechniquehasbeenusedfordecadesWhenusedwhiledrillingwithconventionallywithstandardequipmentWellcontrolevent井控情况下ControlBHPbyapplyingback-pressureatsurface通过地面加回压控制井底压力Closed-loop(BOPisclosed)闭环（防喷器关闭)Circulationisthroughachoke通过节流阀循环ManagedPressureDrillingOperGeneralComparisonofdrillingmethods钻井方法对比GeneralComparisonofdrillingPassiveMPD

(hydrostaticmudweightalwaysaboveporepressure)被动控压钻井（泥浆静液柱压力总是高于地层压力）

MPDusedasasafetysystem控压钻井作为一种安全体系RotatingControlDevice(RCD)旋转控制设备ManualChoke(RigChokeforUSlandwells)手动节流设备（用于美国陆上井的节流设备）ActiveMPD

(hydrostaticmudweightslightlyaboveorsometimesbelowporepressure)主动控压（泥浆静液柱稍高于或有时低于地层压力）

MPDbeingusedto‘walktheline’

使用MPD“压线走”E.g.narrowporepressuretofracpressurewindow

如地层压力和破裂压力之间的窗口很窄RCDwithchangeoutsystemlikeadditionalBOPs

增加旋转控制设备Manualchokewithcontinuouscontrolorautomatedchokesystem手动节流，连续控制或自动节流系统BackpressurepumpsystemforconstantBHP

回压补偿泵，保持井底压力不变MPDOperations

控压作业PassiveMPD(hydrostaticmudw

Mud-capdrilling

(withunderoroverbalancedfluid)泥浆帽钻井（欠或过平衡）Usuallyuseforfracturedlimestonesorgranites通常用于裂缝性灰岩或花岗岩Drillingwithlostreturns失返钻进Mayhavepartiallevelinannulus环空有部分液面MPDOperations

控压作业MPDOperations控压作业控压钻井设备哈里伯顿课件

RCDPLCControlledDRILLINGCHOKEMANIFOLDDRILLCUTTINGSPROCESSINGMUDtoPITSMudPitsPUMPECDequaltoorslightlygreaterthanporepressureManagedPressureDrilling–BasicOverviewRCDPLCControlledDRILLCUTTIHydraulicsModelling–CirculatingatTD

水力参数模拟–

套管鞋处循环模拟HydraulicsModelling–CirculaMPDEquipment–MajorComponentsRCD旋转控制头Autochoke,ControlPanelandPLC自动节流管汇,程序逻辑控制器系统BPP(Back-PressurePump)

回压泵DataAcquisitionandControlSystem数据采集系统DrillstringFloatsandSubs(NRV’s)钻柱止回阀PWD随钻测压MPDEquipment–MajorComponen旋转控制头TheRCD5000™旋转控制头TheRCD5000™WhatareRCD’sRotatingControlDevicesareannularpressurecontroltoolsdesignedforstrippingtubularsindrillingapplications.RCD’scomplementtheRig’sBOPstack.RCD’sdonotreplaceBOPelements!WhatareRCD’sRotatingControlWhenShouldanRCDbeUsed?ThefollowingapplicationsareidealforRCDuse:ManagedPressureDrillingUnderbalancedApplicationsKickControlSevereLossCirculation(Loss/KickCycle)HighPressureWellsExplorationWellsWhenShouldanRCDbeUsed?TheLevel4AutochokeSkid自动节流管汇

Level4AutochokeSkid自动节流管汇AutochokeControlDisplay

AutochokeControlDisplayBackPressurePump回压泵

BackPressurePump回压泵PWD®DownholeEquipmentforMPD止回阀

NRVFloatSubs;Non-PortedFloats;Bleed-offtoolPWD®DownholeEquipmentforMPDMPDKickDetectionandControlEasytodetectsmallinflux更容易检测小的井侵Increaseback-pressureimmediatelyandSTOPinflux能够立即增加回压,阻止井侵ContinuousdatafromPWD能够通过PWD获得连续的井内数据AbletoaccuratelydetermineminimumBHPrequired能够精确确定所需的最小井底压力.Cancontinuedrillingorcirculatewhilepreparingheaviermud准备重泥浆时,能够继续钻进或循环MPDKickDetectionandControlMPDLossDetectionandControlEasytodetectsmallloss更容易检测到微小漏失Decreaseback-pressureinstantlyandSTOPlosses能够立即减少回压，停止漏失ContinuousdatafromPWD

能够从PWD中获得连续的井内数据.AbletoaccuratelydeterminemaximumBHPpossible能够精确确定最大可能的井底压力Cancontinuedrillingorcirculatewhilepreparinglightermud,orLCMmud当准备低密度泥浆或者堵漏泥浆时,能够持续钻进或者保持循环Cankeepdroppingback-pressuretominimizelosses(withinoperationallimits)

能够通过降低回压,减少漏失(在操作范围内)MPDLossDetectionandControlOnsiteMPDTeam&CommunicationsDrillSiteSupervisorRigCrewRigManager/ToolpusherMPDSupervisorDrillerMPD/DASEngineerPWDEngineerMPDOperatorsRCDSupervisorOnsiteMPDTeam&CommunicatioOperationalProcedures

操作程序Connection

接单根程序Tripping

起下钻程序RCDSealingElementChangeOut

旋转控制头密封件更换程序NRVBleedOff

止回阀泄压程序OperationalProcedures

操作程序CoContingencyProcedures

应急程序

PluggedChoke节流阀和管线堵塞PluggedCoriolisMeter流量计堵塞NRVandDrillStringFailures止回阀或钻柱失效EmergencyPressureTrapping紧急境况下加压PowerFailure(buthaveindependentgenerators,withredundancy)动力失效（控压钻井系统的动力是由独立的发电机提供的，失效情况基本不存在）Drillers’DogHouseGuides/emergencyinstructions司钻房操作指南

DynamicMPDWellControl动态井控SurfaceEquipmentFailure地面设备失效ContingencyProcedures

应急程序PlGeoBalance:Optimized

CaseHistoryNorthAmerica

ChallengeTectonicallystressedformation,narrowcollapse/fracturepressurewindow,mudloss,stuckpipe.

SolutionResultsADTanalysisofevent,Rt-WellboreIntegrity,hydraulicsmanagementwithconstantbottomholepressurecontrol.Drilledtoreservoirwithnofurtherproblem.SetcasingandbeganUnderbalancedDrilling,sellingwhiledrilling.GeoBalance:Optimized

CaseHiGeoBalance:Sigma®Service

CaseHistoryMexicoChallengeSolutionResultsGeoBalanceSpecialtyDrillingFluiddesign,BottomHolePressurecontrolwithinagivenpressurewindow,Multi-phasedrillingfluidswithhydraulicsmanagement,SperryLWD/Directional.Abletoisolatedepletedformationsandreduceddaystodrill.Drilldepletedreservoirwith2ppgpressureswhileminimizingmudlosses,differentialstickingandreservoirdamage.GeoBalance:Sigma®Service

CasManagedPressureDrilling(MPD)TechnologyOverview控压钻井技术GeoBalanceTMMANAGEDPRESSUREDRILLINGSYSTEMFeb112009ManagedPressureDrilling(MPD)GePresentationOutlineMPDIntroduction

控压钻井技术介绍JobDesign

控压作业MPDEquipment

控压钻井工具Communication

控压钻井团队RigSiteProcedures控压钻井操作程序Casehistories

控压钻井实例PresentationOutlineMPDIntrodImportanceofHSEIfitcan’tbedonesafely….Itwon’tbedoneImportanceofHSEIfitcan’tbGlobalWellOperatorIssues

Highlydeviatedwellconditions

BoreholestabilityproblemsWellcontrolwhiledrillingNarrowdrillingmarginsDepletedReservoirsRiskofsticking,expensivefishingjobsandsidetracksShallowflowwatersandsIntroductiontoMPDTechnology

控压钻井技术介绍GlobalWellOperatorIssuesHiAdvantagesofMPD

控压钻井技术应用效应ImprovedROPandreduceddrillingtime 改善钻速和减少钻井时间Improvedsuccesswithdrillingnarrowpressuremargins 钻井狭窄压力窗口Reducedwellborebreathing,influxesandlostcirculation

减少的井筒呼吸，成功应付井侵和失返Improvereservoirproductivitybydecreasingamountofoverbalanced

保护油气层不受破坏Improvedwellborequalitybyminimisingwellborecollapse

减少井口崩溃AdvantagesofMPD控压钻井技术应用效应Im“Adaptivedrillingprocessusedtopreciselycontroltheannularpressureprofilethroughoutthewellbore.Theobjectivesaretoascertainthedownholepressureenvironmentlimitsandtomanagetheannularhydraulicpressureprofileaccordingly”.(IADC)ManagedPressureDrillingDefinition“AdaptivedrillingprocessuseManagedPressureDrillingOperationsControllingpressureintheannulus控制井口压力

NotanewconceptTechniquehasbeenusedfordecadesWhenusedwhiledrillingwithconventionallywithstandardequipmentWellcontrolevent井控情况下ControlBHPbyapplyingback-pressureatsurface通过地面加回压控制井底压力Closed-loop(BOPisclosed)闭环（防喷器关闭)Circulationisthroughachoke通过节流阀循环ManagedPressureDrillingOperGeneralComparisonofdrillingmethods钻井方法对比GeneralComparisonofdrillingPassiveMPD

(hydrostaticmudweightalwaysaboveporepressure)被动控压钻井（泥浆静液柱压力总是高于地层压力）

MPDusedasasafetysystem控压钻井作为一种安全体系RotatingControlDevice(RCD)旋转控制设备ManualChoke(RigChokeforUSlandwells)手动节流设备（用于美国陆上井的节流设备）ActiveMPD

(hydrostaticmudweightslightlyaboveorsometimesbelowporepressure)主动控压（泥浆静液柱稍高于或有时低于地层压力）

MPDbeingusedto‘walktheline’

使用MPD“压线走”E.g.narrowporepressuretofracpressurewindow

如地层压力和破裂压力之间的窗口很窄RCDwithchangeoutsystemlikeadditionalBOPs

增加旋转控制设备Manualchokewithcontinuouscontrolorautomatedchokesystem手动节流，连续控制或自动节流系统BackpressurepumpsystemforconstantBHP

回压补偿泵，保持井底压力不变MPDOperations

控压作业PassiveMPD(hydrostaticmudw

Mud-capdrilling

(withunderoroverbalancedfluid)泥浆帽钻井（欠或过平衡）Usuallyuseforfracturedlimestonesorgranites通常用于裂缝性灰岩或花岗岩Drillingwithlostreturns失返钻进Mayhavepartiallevelinannulus环空有部分液面MPDOperations

控压作业MPDOperations控压作业控压钻井设备哈里伯顿课件

RCDPLCControlledDRILLINGCHOKEMANIFOLDDRILLCUTTINGSPROCESSINGMUDtoPITSMudPitsPUMPECDequaltoorslightlygreaterthanporepressureManagedPressureDrilling–BasicOverviewRCDPLCControlledDRILLCUTTIHydraulicsModelling–CirculatingatTD

水力参数模拟–

套管鞋处循环模拟HydraulicsModelling–CirculaMPDEquipment–MajorComponentsRCD旋转控制头Autochoke,ControlPanelandPLC自动节流管汇,程序逻辑控制器系统BPP(Back-PressurePump)

回压泵DataAcquisitionandControlSystem数据采集系统DrillstringFloatsandSubs(NRV’s)钻柱止回阀PWD随钻测压MPDEquipment–MajorComponen旋转控制头TheRCD5000™旋转控制头TheRCD5000™WhatareRCD’sRotatingControlDevicesareannularpressurecontroltoolsdesignedforstrippingtubularsindrillingapplications.RCD’scomplementtheRig’sBOPstack.RCD’sdonotreplaceBOPelements!WhatareRCD’sRotatingControlWhenShouldanRCDbeUsed?ThefollowingapplicationsareidealforRCDuse:ManagedPressureDrillingUnderbalancedApplicationsKickControlSevereLossCirculation(Loss/KickCycle)HighPressureWellsExplorationWellsWhenShouldanRCDbeUsed?TheLevel4AutochokeSkid自动节流管汇

Level4AutochokeSkid自动节流管汇AutochokeControlDisplay

AutochokeControlDisplayBackPressurePump回压泵

BackPressurePump回压泵PWD®DownholeEquipmentforMPD止回阀

NRVFloatSubs;Non-PortedFloats;Bleed-offtoolPWD®DownholeEquipmentforMPDMPDKickDetectionandControlEasytodetectsmallinflux更容易检测小的井侵Increaseback-pressureimmediatelyandSTOPinflux能够立即增加回压,阻止井侵ContinuousdatafromPWD能够通过PWD获得连续的井内数据AbletoaccuratelydetermineminimumBHPrequired能够精确确定所需的最小井底压力.Cancontinuedrillingorcirculatewhilepreparingheaviermud准备重泥浆时,能够继续钻进或循环MPDKickDetectionandControlMPDLossDetectionandControlEasytodetectsmallloss更容易检测到微小漏失Decreaseback-pressureinstantlyandSTOPlosses能够立即减少回压，停止漏失ContinuousdatafromPWD

能够从PWD中获得连续的井内数据.AbletoaccuratelydeterminemaximumBHPpossible能够精确确定最大可能的井底压力Cancontinuedrillingorcirculatewhilepreparinglightermud,orLCMmud当准备低密度泥浆或者堵漏泥浆时,能够持续钻进或者保持循环Cankeepdroppingback-pressuretominimizelosses(withinoperationallimits)

能够通过降低回压,减少漏失(在操作范围内)MPDLossDetectionandControlOnsiteMPDTeam&CommunicationsDrillSiteSupervisorRigCrewRigManager/ToolpusherMPDSupervisorDrillerMPD/DASEngineerPWDEngineerMPDOperatorsRCDSupervisorOnsiteMPDTeam&CommunicatioOperationalProcedures

操作程序Connection

接单根程序Tripping

起下钻程序RCDSealingElementChangeOut

旋转控制头密封件更换程序NRVBle