专插本英语98年14年历年真题

1998年广东省普通高等学校本科插班生考试英语试题PartIReadingComprehension(40%)PassageIThecomputerisawonderfulmachine.Itisthemostimportantinventionsincethetypeofengineusedincars.Todayithasthegreatesteffectonscience,industry,andbusiness,butitisbeingusedmoreineducationandmedicine.Bytheendofthiscenturyitwilltouchthelivesofeveryone,evenpeopleindistantvillages.Itisarevolutionaryinvention.TheoldestkindofcomputeristheabacususedinChinasincethesixthcentury.Intheseventeenthcenturyanaddingmachinewasinvented,butthefurstlarge,moderncomputerwasbuiltin1937.Afewyearslateracomputercoulddo5000additionspersecond.Nowthecomputationsaresofastthattheyaremeasuredinnanoseconds(毫微秒).Todaymostcomputershaveamemory.Theyaregettingsmallerandsmaller,andcomputingfasterandfaster.Eveninalargecomputer,thepartthatdoestheactualcomputingisaboutthesizeoftheendofafinger.Computerscandoallkindsofwork.Whensomeonebuyssomethinginadepartmentstore,informationaboutthesalegoesintoacomputer,Ascientistcantalktothecomputerabouttherocks,andthecomputeranswersthequestions.Adoctorcantalktothecomputerandexplainwhatiswrongwithapatient.Ifthedoctoraskswhy,thecomputergoesthroughitsstoredinformationandexplainsexactlywhy.Whenearlyhumansbeganfarming,itwasarevolutionarychangeinhumanlife.Itwashundredsofthousandsofyearslaterthatpeopledevelopedawritingsystem(方法).Inlessthanfiftyyearspeoplehavedevelopedcomputersthatcandomostofthethingshumanscando.Thiscouldbeafrighteningdevelopment.1.Thecomputerisconsideredawonderfulmachinebecause_____.A.ithaseffectonallaspectsofman’slifeB.itiswidelyusedineducationandmedicineC.ithasthefunctionofanengineD.itisusefulevenindistantvillages2.TheabacushasbeenusedinChinafor_____.A.some5,000yearsB.about600yearsC.nearly1,000yearsD.over1,300years3.Themostimportantfeatureofacomputeristhat_____.A.ithasamemoryB.itissmallinsizeC.itcomputesfastD.itanswersallkindsofquestions4.Thecomputationsofthecomputerareusuallymeasuredin_____.A.secondsB.minutesC.hoursD.nanoseconds5.Thecomputerwillsoonaffect_____.A.peopleinlargecitiesB.peopleindevelopedcountriesC.peopleallovertheworldD.peopleintheWesternworldPassage2Inthetraditionalmarriage,themanworkedatajobtoearnmoneyforthefamily.Mostmenworkedinanoffice,afactory,orsomeotherplaceawayfromthehome.Sincethemanearnedthemoney,hepaidthebills.Themoneywasusedforfood,clothes,ahouse,andotherfamilyneeds.Themanmademostofthedecisions.Hewastheboss.Inthetraditionalmarriage,thewomanseldomworkedawayfromthehouse.Shestayedathometocareforthechildrenandherhusband.Shecookedthemeals,cleanedhouse,washedtheclothes,anddidotherhouseholdwork.Herjobathomewaseveryimportant.Inrecentyears,manycouplescontinuetohaveatraditionalrelationshipofthiskind.Themanhasajobandearnsthemoneyforthefamily.Thewomanstaysathomeandcaresforthechildrenandthehouse.ManyAmericansarehappywiththiskindofmarriage.ButsomeotherAmericanshaveadifferentimpressionofmarriageandfamilyresponsibilities.Therearetwoimportantdifferencesinmaleandfemalerolesnow.Oneisthatbothmenandwomenhavemanymorechoices.Theymaychoosetomarryortostaysingle.Theymaychoosetoworkorstayathome.Bothmenandwomenmaychooserolesthatarecomfortableforthem.Aseconddifferenceinmaleandfemalerolesisthatwithinmarriagemanydecisionsandresponsibilitiesareshared.Thehusbandandwifemaychoosetohavechildren,ortheymaynot.Iftheyhavechildren,themanmaytakecareofthemsomeofthetime,allofthetime,ornotatall.Thewomanmaywanttostayathomeandtakecareofthechildren.Orshemaywanttogotowork.MenandWomennowdecidethesethingstogetherinamarriage.Manymarriedpeoplenowsharethesedecisionsandtheresponsibilitiesoftheirfamilies.6.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueinthetraditionalmarriageA.Menworkedatajobtoearnmoneyforfamily.B.Thewomanmademostofdecisions.C.Thewomanstayedathometocareforthechildren.D.Themanpaidthebills.7.Inrecentyears_____.A.youngcouplesrejectthetraditionalrelationshipB.thewomanhasajobandearnsthemoneyforthefamilyC.thewomandoesn’tstayathomeandcareforthechildrenandthehouseD.theroleofmenandwomenhasbeguntochange8.MenandwomenmaynowchooseallthefollowingEXCEPTto_____.A.marryortostaysingleB.workortostayathomeC.havetherolesthatarecomfortableforthemD.leavetheirjobsjustbecausetheyhavechildren9.ThefollowingareallnowtrueEXCEPT_____.A.theymaychoosetohavechildrenornotB.themanmaytakecareofthechildrensomeofthetimeC.thewomanmaywanttogotoworkD.thewomanisthemostimportantpersoninthehouse10.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueA.Themanwasthebossinthetraditionalmarriage.B.Thewoman’sjobathomewasveryimportantinthepast.C.ManyAmericansstillhaveatraditionalmarriage.D.Everyonetriestogetmarried.Passage3DidyouknowthattheemptyplasticsoftdrinkbottlesyouthrowawayeverydaycanbeturnedintocarpetorautomobilespartsThatusedglassbottlesandaluminumcanscanbeturnedintonewonesAndthatyesterday’snewspapercanbeturnedintotomorrow’sItallhappensbecauseofrecycling(再利用).Thesimplewastewethrowawayisa“naturalresource”that,withrecycling,canbeusedtoproduceavarietyofnewproducts.Unfortunately,Americarecyclesonly10%ofitsrubbish,burns10%anddeposits80%inwastedesposalgrounds,Asaresult,itishavingtocopewithaserioussolidwasteproblem.Everyyear,Americansthrowawayabout160milliontonsofrubbish.Ofthattotal,plasticsmakeuplessthan8%,paperabout36%,andglassandmetalabout20%,allbyweight.Plasticsarenaturallylighter,butstill,whenpressedtogether,accoutforonlyabout20%byvolume.Asaresult,inthepast10yearstheUnitedStates’wastedisposalgroundshavedecreasedfromabout18,500to6,000.Infiveyears2,000morewillclose.Intheprocessoffindingsolutions,somepeoplehaveproposedtostopusingplastics.Unfortunately,stopusingplasticswoulddomuchharmandnogood.Wewouldloseallofthesafety,healthandconveniencefeaturesofplastics.Besides,packagingwouldstillbeneeded.A1987studyshowswhatwouldhappenifplasticswerenotused--theenergyneededtoproduceotherpackaging,itscost,andthevolumeofwastecollectedwouldallrisegreatly.SomeAmericansbelievepartoftheanswertoAmerica’swasteproblemliesinrecyclingeverythingfromglasstometalstopapertoplastic.Today,recyclingisontherise.Therearenowmorethan1,000wasterecyclingprogramsintheU.S.Manyarebeginningtorecycleplastics.Rightnow,almost200companiesarerecyclingmillionsofusedplasticcontainersintotoys,trafficsigns,wastebaskets,floormaterials,andparkbenches.Plasticsareamongtheeasiestmaterialstorecycle.Morethan150millionpoundsor20%ofallplasticsoftdrinkbottleswererecycledin1987.11.Whatcan’ttheplasticsoftdrinkbottlesbeturnedintoA.Newspapers.B.Automobileparts.C.Toys.D.Trafficsigns.12.OfalltherubbishintheU.S.,plasticsaccountfor_____byweightand_____byvolume.A.20%;20%B.8%;20%C.36%;8%D.20%;36%13.Onaverage,wasteplasticsare_____otherwastes.A.asheavyindensityasB.heavierindensitythanC.lighterindensitythanD.thesamebyweightas14.In5years,theU.S.willhaveonly_____wastedisposalgrounds.A.2,000B.6,000C.4,000D.18,50015.Theauthorofthispassage_____theproposalofstoppingusingplastices.A.saysnothingaboutB.issympatheticwithC.agreestoD.disagreestoPassage4Therearetwokindsofmemory:short-termandlong-term.Informationinlong-termmemorycanberememberedatalatertimewhenitisneeded.Theinformationmaybekeptfordaysorweeks.However,informationinshort-termmemoryiskeptforonlyafewseconds,usuallybyrepeatingtheinformationoverandover.Thefollowingexperimentshowshowshort-termmemoryhasbeenstudied.HenningstudiedhowstudentswhoarelearningEnglishasasecondlanguageremembervocabulary.Thesubjectsinhisexperimentwere75collegestudents.TheyrepresentedalllevelsofabilityinEnglish:beginning,intermediate,advanced,andnative-speakingstudents.Tobegin,thesubjectslistenedtoarecordingofanativespeakerreadingaparagraphinEnglish.Followingtherecording,thesubjectstooka15-questiontesttoseewhichwordstheyremembered.Eachquestionhadfourchoices.Thesubjectshadtocirclethewordtheyhadheardintherecording.Someofthequestionshadfourchoicesthatsoundalike.Forexample,weather,whethet,wither,andwetterarefourwordsthatsoundalike.Someofthequestionshadfourchoicesthathavethesamemeaning.Method,way,manner,andsystemwouldbefourwordswiththesamemeaning.Finallythesubjectstookalanguageproficiencytest.HenningfoundthatstudentswithalowerproficiencyinEnglishmademoreoftheirmistakesonwordsthatsoundalike;studentswithahigherproficiencymademoreoftheirmistakesonwordsthathavethesamemeaning.Henning’sresultssuggestthatbeginningstudentsholdthesoundofwordsintheirshort-termmemory,andadvancedstudentsholdthemeaningofwordsintheirshort-termmemory.16.Henningmadetheexperimentinordertostudy_____.A.howstudentsrememberEnglishvocabularybyshort-termmemoryB.howstudentslearnEnglishvocabularyC.howtodevelopstudents'abilityinEnglishD.howlonginformationinshort-termmemoryiskept17.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassageA.Informationinshort-termmemoryisdifferentfromthatinlong-termmemory.B.Long-termmemorycanbeachievedonlybytraining.C.Itiseasiertotestshort-termmemorythanlong-termmemory.D.Henninggaveaseparatetestonvocabularytohisstudents.18.FromHenning’sresultswecanseethat_____.A.beginnershavedifficultyindistinguishingthepronunciationofwordsB.advancedstudentsrememberwordsbytheirmeaningC.itisdefficulttorememberwordsthatsoundalikeD.itisdifficulttorememberwordsthathavethesamemeaning19.Theword“subject”inthepassagemeans_____.A.thecollegecoursethestudentstakeB.thethemeofthelisteningmaterialC.abranchofknowledgestudiedD.thestudentexperimentedon20.Thepassagecenterson_____.A.memoryB.twokindsofmemoryC.short-termmemoryD.anexperimentonstudentsPartII.Vocabulary,StructureandGrammar(30%)21.Theviewfromtheothersideofthemountainwasevenmore_____.A.productiveB.impressiveC.positiveD.decisive22.They____thetrainandwaslatethismorning,whichannoyedthemverymuch.A.lossB.lostC.missedD.failed23.Aduck’s_____cankeepoutwaterbecausetheyhaveoilysubstanceonthem.A.furtherB.fartherC.feathersD.failed24.Carrytheboxofexplosivecarefullyorwe’ll_____updeadourselves.A.putB.endC.setD.rise25.TheBrownswereagreatdealmore_____oftheirgueststhantheSmiths.A.thoughtfulB.considerableC.practicalD.imaginary26.Murderis_____bydeathinmanycountries.A.punishingB.punishedC.punishableD.punish27.Howcanhesavewhenhespends_____hisincomeA.beyondB.onC.forD.under28.Ifyouliveinthecity,yourfriendsarealways_____forachatoranevening’sentertainment.A.availableB.submittedC.permissibleD.uncountable29.Thewitnesswasbadlywoundedhimself,sohecouldn'tappearincourt_____.A.infactB.innatureC.inparticularD.inperson30.Americans_____haveeggs,somemeat,toastfruitandcoffeeatbreakfast.A.normallyB.continuouslyC.consequentlyD.traditional31.Sheoftenfell_____infrontofthetelevision.A.asleepB.sleepingC.intosleepD.toasleep32.Chemicalfertilizerplaysanimportant_____indevelopingagriculture.A.actB.parkC.turnD.role33.Ifirst_____telephoningherbutthendecidedtogoandseeher.A.enjoyedB.avoidedC.triedD.considered34.Thelaw_____allparentstosendtheirchildrentoschooluntiltheageofsixteen.A.requiresB.acquiresC.enquiresD.inquires35.AuntBettydidn’t_____inatthehoteluntiltenintheevening.A.enterB.arriveC.checkD.register36.Whitesurfacesreflectheatandlight_____blackonesabsorbthem.A.whereasB.althoughC.evenifD.until37.Sheisputtingonweight.Shehasto_____thebelttothelargersize.A.regularB.adjustC.arrangeD.purchase38.HeisnowworkinginLondonandisnot_____todrivingontheleft.A.accustomedB.desiredC.usingD.followed39.Thefullsetofthebook_____oftwelvevolumes.A.isconsistedB.consistsC.madeupD.contains40._____,theproblemremainedunsolved.A.HavingnotdiscussedB.HavingnotbeendiscussedC.NothavingdiscussedD.Nothavingbeendiscussed41.Thehistoryofthevillage,_____whichfewpeopleknowmuch,canbestudiedfromtherecordintheschool.A.inB.onC.aboutD.for42.Theticketyougotyesterdaywill_____youtoafreefilm.A.entitleB.beentitledC.entitletoD.entitlefor43.Hewas_____awakethinkingabouthisexperiment.A.lyingB.layingC.lainD.laid44.BytheendofthiscenturymanybigbridgesacrossthePearlRiver_____.A.wouldbecompletedB.willbecompletedC.willcompleteD.willhavebeencompleted45.IfI_____outofink,Iwouldhavefinishedwritingthepaper.A.hadn’trunB.shouldn’trunC.haven’trunD.didn’trun46.Itisnogood_____today’sworkfortomorrow.A.leavingB.leaveC.toleaveD.thatyouleave47._____thatEastonhadgotpromoted,hisfriendscametocongratulatehimonthat.A.BeingheardB.HavingheardC.TohaveheardD.Havingbeenheard48._____suchacustomerasHarry,hewouldpunishhimheavily.A.IfhehasmetB.IfhewastomeetC.IfheismeetingD.Werehetomeet49.Manythings_____impossibleinthepastarecommontoday.A.consideredB.consideringC.toconsiderD.beingconsidered50.Itisdesiredthathe_____everythingreadybytonight.A.willgetB.wouldgetC.willhavegotD.getPartIII.Cloze(10%)IntheearlydaysintheUnitedStates,saltwasvery51,So,thestorekeeperof52dayswasverycareful53hissalt.54he55outsaltforacustomer,hedidnot56foranyonetowalk57thefloorofthestore,Thewalkingmight58thefloorandcould59thesaltto“settle”and60thestorekeeperwouldhaveto61alittlemoresalttothe62hehadalreadypouredout!Inthemodernworldsalthasmanyuses63thediningtable,Itisusedinthemakingofglassandairplaneparts,inthe64ofcrops,andinkillingweeds.Itisalsousedtomakewater65etc.Saltevenhelpsto66itching67itisrubbedonmosquitoorotherinsectbites.Saltcanbe68invariouswaysbesidesbeingtakenfromminesunderground.Evaporationofsaltwaterfromtheoceanorsaltwaterlakesorsmallseasisoneofthemorecommon69formanufacturingsalt.Yet70itisobtained,saltwillcontinuetoplayanimportantpartinthelivesofmenandwomeneverywhere.51.A.fewB.littleC.scarceD.thin52.A.pioneerB.broadC.sunnyD.better53.A.toB.forC.uponD.with54.A.SinceB.AsC.BecauseD.Even55.A.ranB.gotC.pouredD.gave56.A.allowB.permitC.preventD.like57.A.crossB.acrossC.passD.among58.A.ruinB.damageC.spoilD.shake59.A.letB.makeC.bringD.cause60.A.ontheotherhandB.asamatteroffactC.asaresultD.nevertheless61.A.produceB.costC.expandD.add62.A.numberB.amountC.contentD.figure63.A.afterB.besideC.beyondD.at64.A.growingB.growingupC.buildingD.buildingup65.A.drinkB.tobecleanC.softD.beingfresh66.A.relieveB.causeC.replaceD.withdraw67.A.beforeB.untilC.asD.when68.A.obtainedB.boughtC.refinedD.settled69.A.subjectsB.processesC.suppliesD.purposes70.A.howeverB.whateverC.whoeverD.wheneverPartIVTranslation(20%)71.他送给那位老太太一双拖鞋作为生日礼物,这使她非常高兴。A.Hegavetheoldladyapairofslipperonherbirthday,whichpleasedheralot.B.Hesenttheoldladyapairofslipperonherbirthday,thismadeherveryglad.C.Hepresentedtheoldladyapairofslippersatherbirthday,thatmadeherverypleased.D.Hegavetheoldladyapairofslippersforherbirthday,whichpleasedheralot.72.在那里的时候，他们花一半的时间从事体力工作。A.Whiletheretheyspenthalfthetimedoingphysicalwork.B.Whilestayedthere,theyspenthalfthetimeonmanualwork.C.Whilestayingthere,theyspenthalfthetimetodophysicalwork.D.Whiletheystayedthere,theyspenthalfoftheirtimetodomanualwork.73.胖子身上过多脂肪细胞妨碍热量迅速扩散。A.Toomuchfatcellspreventtheheatoffatpeopletoescapequickly.B.Toomuchfatcellspreventtheheatoffatpeopleescapingquickly.C.Toomanyfatcellspreventtheheatoffatpeoplefromescapingquickly.D.Toomanyfatcellspreventthefatpeoples’heatfromescapingquickly.74.尽管他们工作很努力，他们很难赶上最新的科学的发展。A.Nomattertheyareworkingveryhard,theycanhardlykeepupwiththelatestdevelopmentinscience.B.Nomatterhowhardtheyareworking,theycanhardlykeepupwiththelatestdevelopmentinscience.C.Inspiteoftheyareworkingveryhard,theycanhardlykeepupwiththelatestdevelopmentinscience.D.Althoughtheyareworkingveryhard,theycan’thardlykeepupwiththelatestdevelopmentinscience.75.据说前年建的大桥昨天被暴雨冲走。A.Itissaidthatthebridgebuilttheyearbeforewaswashedawaybytheheavyrainlastnight.B.Itissaidthatthebridgewhichwasbuilttheyearbeforewashingawaybytheheavyrainlastnight.C.Itissaidthatthebridgewasbuilttheyearbeforelastnightitwaswashedawaybytheheavyrain.D.Itissaidthatthebridgewhichwasbuilttheyearbeforebeingwashedawaybytheheavyrainlastnight.76.关于我们将被邀请参加会议的消息是鼓舞人心的。A.Thenewswhichwewillbeinvitedtotheconferenceisveryencouraging.B.Thenewswhichwewillbeinvitedtotheconferenceisveryencouraged.C.Thenewsthatwewillbeinvitedtotheconferenceisveryencouraging.D.Thenewsthatwewillbeinvitingtotheconferenceisveryencouraged.77.随着科学技术的发展，我们终有一天能够到其他行星旅行。A.Withthedevelopmentofscienceandtechnologywe’llbeabletotraveltootherplanetssomeday.B.Withthedevelopmentofscienceandtechnologywe’llbeabletotraveltotheotherplanetssomeday.C.Withthedevelopmentofscienceandtechnologywecanbeabletotraveltootherplanetssomeday.D.Withthedevelopmentofscienceandtechnologywecanbeabletogotootherplanetsfortravellingsomeday.78.这些药似乎很有效。A.Itseemsthatthismedicinesarequiteeffective.B.Itseemsthatthesemedicinesarequiteaffected.C.Itseemsthatthesemedicinesarequiteeffected.D.Itseemsthatthesemedicinesarequiteeffective.79.她宁愿自己做衣服也不到商店买。A.Sheprefersmakingherownclothersthantobuythemintheshops.B.Sheprefersmakingherownclothersthanbuyingthemintheshops.C.Sheprefersmakingherownclothersinplaceofbuyingthemintheshops.D.Sheprefersmakingherownclothersinsteadofbuyingthemintheshops.80.昨天晚上一定是下过暴雨，因为河水上涨了。A.Itmustrainheavilylastnignt,fortheriverhasrisen.B.Itmustrainheavilylastnight,fortheriverhasraised.C.Itmusthaverainedheavilylastnightfortheriverhasrisen.D.Itmusthaverainedheavilylastnightfortheriverhasraised.1999年广东省普通高等学校本科插班生考试英语试题PartIReadingComprehension(40%)PassageIToday,supermarketsarefoundinalmosteverylargecityintheworld.Butthefirstsupermarketwasopenedonlyfiftyyearsago.ItwasopenedinNewYorkbyamannamedMichaelCullen.Asupermarketisdifferentfromothertypesofstoresinseveralways.Insupermarkets,goodsareplacedonopenshelves.Thecustomerschoosewhattheywantandtakethemtothecheck-outcounter.Thismeansthatfeweremployeesarerequiredthaninotherstores.Thewayproductsaredisplayedisanotherdifferencebetweensupermarketsandmanyothertypesofstores.Forexample,insupermarketsthereisusuallyadisplayofsmallinexpensiveitemsjustinfrontofthecheck-outcounter:candies,chocolate,magazines,cheapbooksandsoon.WhyaretheythereMostcustomerswhogotoasupermarketbuyfromashoppinglist.Theyknowexactlywhattheyneedtobuy.Theyshopaccordingtoaplan.Bythetimeheorshereachesthecheck-outcounter,thecustomerisfeelingpleasedandrelaxedbecausethetaskofshoppingisfinished.Inthishappymood,thecustomerseesanattractivedisplayofinexpensivegoodsthatwerenotonhisorhershoppinglist.Nowheorshefeelslikebuyingsomethingjustforhisorherownpleasureandenjoyment.Manycustomersbuyfromthesedisplaysofproductsnearthecheck-outcounter,andthisisexactlywhattheownerofthesupermarkethopestheywilldo.Anotherimportantfactinhelpingacustomerchoosewhattobuyiswhereaproductisplacedonashelf.Aproductthatisplacedateyelevelonashelfsellsmuchbetterthanonewhichisplacedonalowerorhighershelf.Aproductwhichiseasytoseesellsbest.Manufacturerspayahigherpricetohavetheirproductsplacedateyelevelontheshelves.Thecomfortandconvenienceofshoppingcentersisanotherfactorwhichmakesthempopularwithcustomers.Largeparkingspacesareprovided,andmanysupermarketsstayopenuntilverylateatnight.1.Accordingtothepassage,whichstatementisNOTtrueA.Todaysupermarketsarefoundinalmosteverybitcity.B.Thefirstsupermarketwasopenedonlyhalfacenturyago.C.ThefirstsupermarketwasopenedinNewYork.D.Asupermarketisdifferentfromotherkindsofstoresintwoways.2.Accordingtothepassage,whichstatementisTRUEA.Supermarketsneedmoreclerksthanotherstores.B.Insupermarketsgoodsareplacedonclosedshelves.C.Thecustomersprefersupermarketstootherkindsofstores.D.Thecustomerspayanyclerktheymeetforwhattheyhaveboughtinsupermarkets.3.Aproductthatisplaced______sellsbest.A.onalowershelfB.onahighershelfC.ashighasone’swaistD.ashighasone’seyes4.WhydoyouthinkshoppingcentersattractmorecustomersthanotherkindsofstoresA.TheyhavemorekindsofgoodsB.Theyhavefewemployees.C.Theydisplaysmallinexpensiveitemsinfrontofcheck--outcounters.D.Theyhavelargeparkinglotsandtheystayopenuntilalmostmidnight.5.Accordingtothepassage,smallorcheapgoodsaregenerallyplaced_____.A.ateyelevelontheshelvesB.nearthecheck--outcounterC.nearthecheck-incounterD.inthecenterofthesupermarketPassage2Obviouslytelevisionhasbothadvantagesanddisadvanges.Inthefirstplace,televisionisnotonlyaconvenientsourceofentertainment,butalsoacomparativelycheapone.WithaT.V.setinthefamilypeopledon’thavetopayforexpensiveseatsatthetheatre,thecinema,ortheopera.Alltheyhavetodoistopushabuttonorturnaknob,andtheycanseeplays,films,operasandshowsofeverykind.Somepeople,however,thinkthatthisiswherethedangerlies.Thetelevisionviewersneeddonothing.Hedoesnotevenhavetousehislegsifhehasaremotecontrol.Hemakesnochoiceandexercisesnojudgement.Heiscompletelypassiveandhaseverythingpresentedtohimwithoutanyeffortonhispart.Television,itisoftensaid,keepsoneinformedaboutcurrenteventsandthelatestdevelopmentsisscienceandpolitics.Themostdistantcountriesandthestrangestcustomsarebroughtrightintoone’ssitting-room.Itcouldbearguedthattheradioperformsthisserviceaswell;butontelevisioneverythingismuchmoreliving,muchmorereal.Yethereagainthereisadanger.Thetelevisionscreenitselfhasaterrible,almostphysicalcharmforus.Wegetsousedtolookingatthemovementsonit,sodependentonitspictures,thatitbeginstocontrolourlives.Peopleareoftenheardtosaythattheirtelevisionsetshavebrokendownandthattheyhavesuddenlyfoundthattheyhavefarmoretimetodothingsandthattheyhaveactuallybeguntotalktoeachotheragain.Itmakesonethink,doesn’titTherearemanyotherargumentsforandagainsttelevision.Wemustrealizethattelevisioninitselfisneithergoodnorbad.Itistheusestowhichitisputthatdeterminesitsvaluetosociety.6.Television,asasourceofentertainment,is______.A.notveryconvenientB.veryexpensiveC.quitedangerousD.relativelycheap7.SomepeopleareagainstT.V.because______.A.T.V.programsarenotinterestingB.T.V.viewersaretotallypassiveC.T.V.pricesareveryhighD.T.V.hasbothadvantagesanddisadvantages8.OneofthemostobviousadvantagesofT.V.isthat______.A.itkeepsusinformedB.itisverycheapC.itenablesustohavearestD.itcontrolsourlives9.Accordingtotheauthor,whetherT.V.isgoodordependson______.A.itsqualityB.people’sattitudetowardsitC.howweuseitD.whenweuseit10.Inthispassage,theauthor’sattitudetowardsT.V.is______.A.negativeB.objectiveC.criticalD.hostilePassage3TheUnitedStatesisacountrymadeupofmanydifferentraces.Usuallytheyaremixedtogetherandcan’tbetoldonefromanother.Butmanyofthemstilltalkaboutwheretheirancestorscamefrom.Itissomethingtheyareproudof.TheoriginalAmericans,ofcourse,weretheIndians.Theso-calledwhitemenwhothencameweremostlyfromEngland.ButmanycamefromothercountrieslikeGermanyandFrance.OneproblemtheUnitedStateshasalwayshadisdiscrimination.AsnewgroupscametotheUnitedStatestheyfoundtheywerediscriminatedagainst.FirstitwastheIrishandItalians.Lateritwastheblack.Almosteverygrouphasbeenabletoeventuallyescapethisdiscrimination.Theonlyimmigrantswhohavenotaretheblacks.SurprisinglyenoughtheworstdiscriminationtodayisshowntowardstheIndians.OnereasontheIndiansarediscriminatedagainstisthattheyhavetriedhardtokeeptheiridentity.Ofcoursetheyarenottheonlyoneswhohavedoneso.TheJapanesehavetheirlittleTokyoinLosAngelesandtheChineseaChinatowninNewYork.TheDutchsettlementinPennsylvaniaalsostaysseparatefromotherpeople,Theirtownsarelikesomethingfromthe19thcentury.Theyhaveadifferentreasonthantheothergroupsforstayingapart.Theyliveseparatelyforreligiousreasonsratherthankeepingtogetherinaracialgroup.Althoughsomegroupshavekeptthemselvesseparateandothershavebeendiscriminatedagainst,allgroupshavehelpedmaketheUnitedStatesagreatcountry.Thereisnogroupthathasnothelpedinsomeway.Andthereisnogroupthatcansaytheyhavedonethemosttomakeitagreatcountry.ManypeoplestillcomefromothercountriestohelptheUnitedStatesgrow.AgoodexampleistheAmericanprojectthatletamanwalkonthemoon.ItwasascientistfromGermanyw