脊柱外科学解剖与生理课件

脊桂的解剖和EvauatononlychAsposeslidesforNET4odientPEvaluationonly.CreatedwithAsposeSlidesforNET4.0dientProfilo71Copyright2019-2019AsposePtyL脊桂的解剖和1概述脊柱是由椎骨、椎间盘和韧带等结构连接而成的人体中枢支柱作用:支持、活动、缓冲、保护特点:稳定性、活动性Evaluauononr.chAsposeslidesforNET4odientPEvaluationonly.CreatedwithAsposeSlidesforNET4.0dientProfilo71Copyright2019-2019AsposePtyL概述2VertebraeesauricularssacralisEvaluauononr.chAsposeslidesforNET4odientPEvaluationonly.CreatedwithAsposeSlidesforNET4.0dientProfilo71Copyright2019-2019AsposePtyLVertebrae3第一节各部椎骨形态脊柱由33块椎骨组成(成人为26块)。其中:颈椎7块胸椎12块腰椎5块骶椎5(1)块尾椎4(1)块Evaluauononr.chAsposeslidesforNET4odientPEvaluationonly.CreatedwithAsposeSlidesforNET4.0dientProfilo71Copyright2019-2019AsposePtyL第一节各部椎骨形态4脊椎的基本结构椎体:承重的部分椎弓:保护脊髓的部分椎弓根、椎板糠突、横突:肌肉附着上下关节突:构成推间头节Evaluauononr.chAsposeslidesforNET4odientPEvaluationonly.CreatedwithAsposeSlidesforNET4.0dientProfilo71Copyright2019-2019AsposePtyL脊椎的基本结构5上关节突椎上切迹vertebralforamsuperiorarticularp横突肋凹transversecostalsupenorarticularprocessproecss下关节突tenorarticularinferiorcostalfovea下关节突推下切迹interorarticul棘突pocs椎弓板spinousprocessarmillaryprocesvertebralnotchvertebralarch棘突图21胸椎(侧面观)spinouspressAthoracicvertebra.Lateralaspect图22腰椎(上面观)Alumbarvertebra.Superioraspect上关节突supenorarticularproc椎弓根上肋凹7superiorcostalfovea乳突vertebralarchmammaryprucevertebralbod椎上切迹上关节突vertebralbodyroLes椎下切迹横突下关节突erebralnotchIseprocesstenorarticularpinousprocess图20胸椎(上面观)图23腰椎(侧面观)Athoracicvertebra.SuperioraspectAlumbarvertebra,LateralaspectEvaluauononr.chAsposeslidesforNET4odientPEvaluationonly.CreatedwithAsposeSlidesforNET4.0dientProfilo71Copyright2019-2019AsposePtyL上关节突6(1)颈椎特点:棘突分叉且较短横突有前、后二结节和横突孔关节突近水平位椎孔较大呈三角形椎体较小Evaluauononr.chAsposeslidesforNET4odientPEvaluationonly.CreatedwithAsposeSlidesforNET4.0dientProfilo71Copyright2019-2019AsposePtyL(1)颈椎7椎体钩vertebralbodyuncusrvertebralbodyanteriortubercle椎弓根后结节上关节突posteriortubercle下关节突上关节突nferiorarticularvertebralarchprocess下关节突vertebralarchvertebralforamenferiorarticular图15颈椎(上面观)Acervicalvertebra.Superioraspectvertebralarch图16第六颈椎(上面观)椎体钩6thcervicalvertebra.Superioraspect椎弓根uncusofvertebralbody上关节突横突孔process椎体钩penorarticular下关节突Inferiorarticul:spinousprokes'eriorarticulartransverseprocess图17第七颈椎(上面观)图18第七颈椎(側面观)7thcervicalvertebra.Lateralaspect7thcervicalvertebra.SuperioraspectEvaluauononr.chAsposeslidesforNET4odientPalvetonoCreatedwithAsposeSlidesforNET4.0dientProfilo71Copyright2019-2019AsposePtyL椎体钩8寰椎:呈环形。分前弓、后马和左右侧块。前弓较短,内面有关节面叫齿突凹。侧块上面有关节凹,下面有关节面。上关节凹后方有椎动脉沟。后弓长,中点略向后方突起,称后结节。无椎体、棘突和关节突。枢椎:椎体上方有齿状突,与寰椎前弓的后缘形成关节Evaluauononr.chAsposeslidesforNET4odientPEvaluationonly.CreatedwithAsposeSlidesforNET4.0dientProfilo71Copyright2019-2019AsposePtyL寰椎:呈环形。分前弓、后马和左右侧块。9前结节anteriortubercleanteriorarch前结节齿突凹anteriortuberele齿突凹dentalfove横突孔上关节凹superiorarticularinferiorarticularloramevertebralansverseprocess椎动脉沟横突孔processvertebralforamentransverseforamen后结节ertebralaposteriorarch图11寰椎(上面观)图12寰椎(下面观)Theatlas.SuperioraspectTheatlas.Inferioraspect上关节面齿突后关节面superiorarticularposteriorarticularsurface前关节面anteriorarticularvertebralbodysurface横突孔一-上关节面ansverseforamenTransverseprocessvertebralforamenvertebralarchspinousprocessrtebralbody图13枢椎(上面观)sp下关节突processTheaxis.Superioraspect图14枢椎(侧面观)Theaxis.LateralaspectEvaluauononr.chAsposeslidesforNET4odientPEvaluationonly.CreatedwithAsposeSlidesforNET4.0dientProfilo71Copyright2019-2019AsposePtyL前结节10脊柱外科学解剖与生理课件11脊柱外科学解剖与生理课件12脊柱外科学解剖与生理课件13脊柱外科学解剖与生理课件14脊柱外科学解剖与生理课件15脊柱外科学解剖与生理课件16脊柱外科学解剖与生理课件17脊柱外科学解剖与生理课件18脊柱外科学解剖与生理课件19脊柱外科学解剖与生理课件20脊柱外科学解剖与生理课件21脊柱外科学解剖与生理课件22脊柱外科学解剖与生理课件23脊柱外科学解剖与生理课件24脊柱外科学解剖与生理课件25脊柱外科学解剖与生理课件26脊柱外科学解剖与生理课件27脊柱外科学解剖与生理课件28脊柱外科学解剖与生理课件29脊柱外科学解剖与生理课件30脊柱外科学解剖与生理课件31脊柱外科学解剖与生理课件32脊柱外科学解剖与生理课件33脊柱外科学解剖与生理课件34脊柱外科学解剖与生理课件35脊柱外科学解剖与生理课件36脊柱外科学解剖与生理课件37脊柱外科学解剖与生理课件38脊桂的解剖和EvauatononlychAsposeslidesforNET4odientPEvaluationonly.CreatedwithAsposeSlidesforNET4.0dientProfilo71Copyright2019-2019AsposePtyL脊桂的解剖和39概述脊柱是由椎骨、椎间盘和韧带等结构连接而成的人体中枢支柱作用:支持、活动、缓冲、保护特点:稳定性、活动性Evaluauononr.chAsposeslidesforNET4odientPEvaluationonly.CreatedwithAsposeSlidesforNET4.0dientProfilo71Copyright2019-2019AsposePtyL概述40VertebraeesauricularssacralisEvaluauononr.chAsposeslidesforNET4odientPEvaluationonly.CreatedwithAsposeSlidesforNET4.0dientProfilo71Copyright2019-2019AsposePtyLVertebrae41第一节各部椎骨形态脊柱由33块椎骨组成(成人为26块)。其中:颈椎7块胸椎12块腰椎5块骶椎5(1)块尾椎4(1)块Evaluauononr.chAsposeslidesforNET4odientPEvaluationonly.CreatedwithAsposeSlidesforNET4.0dientProfilo71Copyright2019-2019AsposePtyL第一节各部椎骨形态42脊椎的基本结构椎体:承重的部分椎弓:保护脊髓的部分椎弓根、椎板糠突、横突:肌肉附着上下关节突:构成推间头节Evaluauononr.chAsposeslidesforNET4odientPEvaluationonly.CreatedwithAsposeSlidesforNET4.0dientProfilo71Copyright2019-2019AsposePtyL脊椎的基本结构43上关节突椎上切迹vertebralforamsuperiorarticularp横突肋凹transversecostalsupenorarticularprocessproecss下关节突tenorarticularinferiorcostalfovea下关节突推下切迹interorarticul棘突pocs椎弓板spinousprocessarmillaryprocesvertebralnotchvertebralarch棘突图21胸椎(侧面观)spinouspressAthoracicvertebra.Lateralaspect图22腰椎(上面观)Alumbarvertebra.Superioraspect上关节突supenorarticularproc椎弓根上肋凹7superiorcostalfovea乳突vertebralarchmammaryprucevertebralbod椎上切迹上关节突vertebralbodyroLes椎下切迹横突下关节突erebralnotchIseprocesstenorarticularpinousprocess图20胸椎(上面观)图23腰椎(侧面观)Athoracicvertebra.SuperioraspectAlumbarvertebra,LateralaspectEvaluauononr.chAsposeslidesforNET4odientPEvaluationonly.CreatedwithAsposeSlidesforNET4.0dientProfilo71Copyright2019-2019AsposePtyL上关节突44(1)颈椎特点:棘突分叉且较短横突有前、后二结节和横突孔关节突近水平位椎孔较大呈三角形椎体较小Evaluauononr.chAsposeslidesforNET4odientPEvaluationonly.CreatedwithAsposeSlidesforNET4.0dientProfilo71Copyright2019-2019AsposePtyL(1)颈椎45椎体钩vertebralbodyuncusrvertebralbodyanteriortubercle椎弓根后结节上关节突posteriortubercle下关节突上关节突nferiorarticularvertebralarchprocess下关节突vertebralarchvertebralforamenferiorarticular图15颈椎(上面观)Acervicalvertebra.Superioraspectvertebralarch图16第六颈椎(上面观)椎体钩6thcervicalvertebra.Superioraspect椎弓根uncusofvertebralbody上关节突横突孔process椎体钩penorarticular下关节突Inferiorarticul:spinousprokes'eriorarticulartransverseprocess图17第七颈椎(上面观)图18第七颈椎(側面观)7thcervicalvertebra.Lateralaspect7thcervicalvertebra.SuperioraspectEvaluauononr.chAsposeslidesforNET4odientPalvetonoCreatedwithAsposeSlidesforNET4.0dientProfilo71Copyright2019-2019AsposePtyL椎体钩46寰椎:呈环形。分前弓、后马和左右侧块。前弓较短,内面有关节面叫齿突凹。侧块上面有关节凹,下面有关节面。上关节凹后方有椎动脉沟。后弓长,中点略向后方突起,称后结节。无椎体、棘突和关节突。枢椎:椎体上方有齿状突,与寰椎前弓的后缘形成关节Evaluauononr.chAsposeslidesforNET4odientPEvaluationonly.CreatedwithAsposeSlidesforNET4.0dientProfilo71Copyright2019-2019AsposePtyL寰椎:呈环形。分前弓、后马和左右侧块。47前结节anteriortubercleanteriorarch前结节齿突凹anteriortuberele齿突凹dentalfove横突孔上关节凹superiorarticularinferiorarticularloramevertebralansverseprocess椎动脉沟横突孔processvertebralforamentransverseforamen后结节ertebralaposteriorarch图11寰椎(上面观)图12寰椎(下面观)Theatlas.SuperioraspectTheatlas.Inferioraspect上关节面齿突后关节面superiorarticularposteriorarticul