2018高考试题-英语江苏卷解析版

2018高考试题——英语江苏卷解析版.doc绝密★启用前本试题卷共16页，81题。全卷满分150分。考试用时120分钟。第一部分听力(共两节,满分20分)做题时,先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1分,满分5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.19.15.B.9.18.

C.9.15.答案是C。1.Whattimeisitnow?A.910.

B.950.

C.1000.2.Whatdoesthewomanthinkoftheweather?A.It’snice.

B.It’swarm.

C.It’scold.3.Whatwillthemando?A.Attendameeting.

B.Givealecture.

C.Leavehisoffice.4.Whatisthewoman’sopinionaboutthecourse?A.Toohard.

B.Worthtaking.

C.Veryeasy.5.Whatdoesthewomanwantthemantodo?A.Speaklouder.

B.Apologizetoher.

C.Turnofftheradio.第二节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。6.HowlongdidMichaelstayinChina?A.Fivedays.

B.Oneweek.

C.Twoweeks.7.WheredidMichaelgolastyear?A.Russia.

B.Norway.

C.India.听第7段材料,回答第8、9题。8.WhatfooddoesSallylike?A.Chicken.

B.Fish.

C.Eggs.9.Whatarethespeakersgoingtodo?A.Cookdinner.

B.Goshopping.

C.Orderdishes.听第8段材料,回答第10至12题。10.Wherearethespeakers?A.Inahospital.

B.Intheoffice.

C.Athome.11.Whenisthereportdue?A.Thursday.

B.Friday.

C.NextMonday.12.WhatdoesGeorgesuggestStephaniedowiththereport?A.Improveit.

B.Handitinlater.

C.Leaveitwithhim.听第9段材料,回答第13至16题。13.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Salespersonandcustomer.

B.Homeownerandcleaner.

C.Husbandandwife.14.Whatkindofapartmentdothespeakersprefer?A.Onewithtwobedrooms.

B.Onewithoutfurniture.

C.Onenearamarket.15.Howmuchrentshouldonepayfortheonebedroomapartment?A.＄350.

B.＄400.

C.＄415.16.Whereistheapartmentthespeakerswouldliketosee?A.OnLakeStreet.

B.OnMarketStreet.

C.OnSouthStreet.听第10段材料,回答第17至20题。17.Whatpercentageoftheworld’steaexportsgotoBritain?A.Almost15%.

B.About30%.

C.Over40%.18.Whydoteatasterstasteteawithmilk?A.MostBritishpeopledrinkteathatway.B.Teatastesmuchbetterwithmilk.

C.Teawithmilkishealthy.19.Whosuggestsapriceforeachtea?A.Teatasters.

B.Teaexporters.

C.Teacompanies.20.Whatisthespeakertalkingabout?A.Thelifeofteatasters.

B.AfternoonteainBritain.

C.TheLondonTeaTradeCentre.【答案】1-5ACABC

6-10BABCB

11-15ABCAB

16-20CBAAC第二部分:英语知识运用(共两节,满分35分)第一节:单项填空(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)请阅读下面各题,从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。例:Itisgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachild_____heorshewants.A.however

B.whatever

C.whichever

D.whenever答案是B。21.Thenumberofsmokers,_____isreported,hasdroppedby17percentinjustoneyear.A.it

B.which

C.what

D.as【答案】D考点：定语从句22.Schoolsshouldbelivelyplaceswhereindividualsareencouragedto_____totheirgreatestpotential.A.accelerate

B.improve

C.perform

D.develop【答案】D【解析】试题分析：句意：学校应该是鼓励个体最大限度地发展潜能的地方。A项“加速，加快”；B项“改善，提高”；C项“表现”；D项“发展”。故选D项。考点：动词词义辨析23.—Jim,canyouworkthisSunday?—________?I’vebeenworkingfortwoweeksonend.A.Whyme

B.Whynot

C.Whatif

D.Sowhat【答案】A【解析】试题分析：句意：—Jim，周末你能加班吗？—为什么是我？我连续工作两周了。A项“为什么是我？”；B项“为什么不呢?”；C项“要是……会怎样?”；D项“那又怎么样?”。只有A项符合语境。故选A项。考点：交际用语24.Muchtime_____sittingatadesk,officeworkersaregenerallytroubledbyhealthproblems.A.beingspent

B.havingspent

C.spent

D.spending【答案】C考点：独立主格结构25._____LiBai,agreatChinesepoet,wasbornisknowntothepublic,butsomewon’tacceptit.A.That

B.Why

C.Where

D.How【答案】C【解析】试题分析：句意：李白是中国一位伟大的诗人，他的出生地是众所周知的，但有些人不愿接受这一事实。分析句子结构可知，agreatChinesepoet做LiBai的同位语，is前面是主语从句。比较选项只有where符合句意，where在从句中做地点状语。故选C项。考点：名词性从句26.Itissocoldthatyoucan’tgooutside_____fullycoveredinthickclothes.A.if

B.unless

C.once

D.when【答案】B【解析】试题分析：句意：外面太冷了，你不要出去，除非用厚衣服完全裹起来。A项“如果”；B项“除非”；C项“一旦”；D项“当……时候”。“unlessfullycovered”为“连词+省略结构”，补充完整为“unlessyouare”。故选B项。考点：连词辨析27.Theuniversitystartedsomenewlanguageprogramsto_____thecountry’sSilkRoadEconomicBelt.A.applyto

B.caterfor

C.appealto

D.huntfor【答案】B考点：动词短语辨析28.Itmighthavesavedmesometrouble______theschedule.A.didIknow

B.haveIknown

C.doIknow

D.hadIknown【答案】D【解析】试题分析：句意：如果我早知道日程安排，可能会省去我一些麻烦。根据题干中mighthavesaved可知主句是对过去的虚拟，从句应用ifIhadknown与主句保持一致。if虚拟条件句中含有had时，可将if省去，同时将had提前构成倒装结构。故选D项。考点：虚拟语气29.Thewholeteam_____CristianoRonaldo,andheseldomletsthemdown.A.waiton

B.focuson

C.counton

D.callon【答案】C【解析】试题分析：句意：全队都指望克里斯蒂亚诺·罗纳尔多，他从未让他们失望。A项“服侍，等待”；B项“集中（注意力）于”；C项“指望”；D项“呼吁，拜访”。故选C项。考点：动词短语辨析30.Therealreasonwhyprices____,andstillare,toohighiscomplex,andnoshortdiscussioncansatisfactorilyexplainthisproblem.A.were

B.willbe

C.havebeen

D.hadbeen【答案】A【解析】试题分析：句意：过去和现在价格一直居高不下的真正原因很复杂，简短的讨论解释这一问题无法让人满意。根据题干中“andstillare”的提示可知过去价格也居高不下，故用一般过去时，表示过去的状态。故选A项。考点：时态31.Thepoliceofficersdecidedtoconductathoroughand_______reviewofthecase.A.comprehensive

B.complicated

C.conscious

D.crucial【答案】A【解析】试题分析：句意：警官决定对这起案件进行一次彻底全面的审查。A项“综合的，全面的，有理解力的”；B项“复杂的”；C项“有意识的”；D项“至关重要的”。故选A项。考点：形容词词义辨析32.Someschoolswillhavetomake______inagreementwiththenationalsoccerreform.A.judgments

B.adjustments

C.comments

D.achievements【答案】B【解析】试题分析：句意：为了与国家的足球改革相适应，一些学校必须做出调整。A项“判断，决断”；B项“调整”；C项“评价，评论”；D项“成就”。故选B项。考点：名词词义辨析33.—Whydidn’tyouinviteJohntoyourbirthdayparty?—Well,youknowhe’s_______.A.anearlybird

B.awetblanket

C.aluckydog

D.atoughnut【答案】B考点：英语俗语34.Manyofthethingswenowbenefitfromwouldnotbearound_______ThomasEdison.A.thanksto

B.regardlessof

C.asidefrom

D.butfor【答案】D考点：介词短语辨析35.—GoandsaysorrytoyourMom,Dave.—I’dliketo,butI’mafraidshewon’tbehappywithmy______.A.requests

B.excuses

C.apologies

D.regrets【答案】C【解析】试题分析：句意：—Dave，去跟你的妈妈道歉。—我想这样做，但是我担心她对我的道歉不满意。A项“请求”；B项“借口”；C项“道歉”；D项“遗憾，后悔”。故选C项。考点：名词词义辨析第二节:完形填空(共20小题;每小题1分,满分20分)请阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。IwasrequiredtoreadoneofBernieSiegel’sbooksincollegeandwashookedonhispositivityfromthatmomenton.Thestoriesofhisunconventional36andtheexceptionalpatientshewroteaboutwereso

37tomeandhadsuchabig

38onhowIsawlifefromthenon.WhoknewthatsomanyyearslaterIwouldlooktoDr.BernieandhisCDsagainto

39myowncancerexperience?I’manambitious

40,andwhenIstartedgoingthroughchemo(化疗),eventhoughI’mavery

41person,Ilostmydrivetowrite.Iwasjusttootiredandnotinthe42.Oneday,whilewaitingtogoinfor

43,IhadoneofDr.Bernie’sbooksinmyhand.Anotherpatient44whatIwasreadingandstruckupaconversationwithme

45hehadoneofhisbookswithhimaswell.It

46thatamongotherthings,hewasaneighty-year-oldwriter.Hewas47apublishedauthor,andhewascurrently

48onanewbook.Wewouldseeeachotheratvarioustimesand49friends.Sometimesheworeaduckhat,andIwouldtellmyself,hewasdefinitelya(n)50ofDr.Bernie.Hereallyputa51onmyface.Heunfortunately52lastyearduetohiscancer,53heleftadeepimpressiononmeandgavemethe

54topickupmypenagain.I

55tomyself,“Ifhecandoit,thensocanI.”36.

A.tastes

B.ideas

C.notes

D.memories37.

A.amazing

B.shocking

C.amusing

D.strange38.

A.strike

B.push

C.challenge

D.impact39.

A.learnfrom

B.goover

C.getthrough

D.referto40.

A.reader

B.writerC.editor

D.doctor41.

A.positive

B.agreeable

C.humorous

D.honest42.

A.mood

B.position

C.state

D.way43.

A.advice

B.reference

C.protection

D.treatment44.

A.viewed

B.knew

C.noticed

D.wondered45.

A.while

B.because

C.although

D.providing46.

A.cameout

B.workedout

C.provedout

D.turnedout47.

A.naturally

B.merely

C.hopefully

D.actually48.

A.deciding

B.investing

C.working

D.relying49.

A.became

B.helped

C.missed

D.visited50.

A.patient

B.operator

C.fan

D.publisher51.

A.sign

B.smile

C.mark

D.mask52.

A.showedup

B.setoff

C.felldown

D.passedaway53.

A.since

B.but

C.so

D.for54.

A.guidance

B.trust

C.opportunity

D.inspiration55.

A.promised

B.swore

C.thought

D.replied【答案】36.B37.A38.D39.C40.B41.A42.A43.D44.C45.B46.D47.D48.C49.A50.C51.B52.D53.B54.D55.C46.D考查动词短语。除此之外，他是一位八十岁的作家。A项“出现，出版”；B项“锻炼，解决，制定”；C项“证明是合适的，令人满意的”；D项“证明是，结果是”。itturnedoutthat是固定搭配，意为“结果是……，结果证明……”故选D项。47.D考查副词。句意：事实上，他是一位撰稿人，目前在写一本新书。A项“自然地”；B项“仅仅”；C项“有希望地”；D项“事实上”。故选D项。48.C考查动词搭配。根据句意可知，他目前在写一本新书。A项decideon“决定，确定”；B项investon“投资，花时间在……上”；C项workon“从事，忙于”；D项relyon“依赖，依靠”。故选C项。49.A考查动词。句意：我们总是在许多时候见到对方，成了朋友。A项“成为”；B项“帮助”；C项“错过”；D项“拜访”。故选A项。50.C考查名词。根据句意可知，他的确是Bernie的粉丝。A项“病人”；B项“操作员，接线员”；C项“粉丝”；D项“出版商”。故选C项。51.B考查名词。根据句意可知，他的举动感染了我，使我在生活中面带微笑。A项“标志，迹象，征兆”；B项“微笑”；C项“标记”；D项“面罩”。故选B项。52.D考查动词短语。句意：他补充说道Jason因为不愿说谎没挣到钱。A项“出现，露面”；B项“出发，动身”；C项“跌倒”；D项“去世（死的委婉表达）”。故选D项。53.B考查连词。句意：他去年不幸死于癌症，但给我留下了深刻的印象。A项表示时间；B项表示转折；C项表示结果；D项表示原因。故选B项。54.D考查名词。句意：他激励我重新拾起纸笔。A项“指导”；B项“信任”；C项“机会”；D项“鼓舞，激励，启发”。故选D项。55.C考查名词。句意：我对自己说：“如果他能做到，我也能。”A项“承诺”；B项“郑重发誓”；C项thinktooneself“自言自语”；D项“回答”。故选C项。考点：记叙文阅读第三部分:阅读理解(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)请阅读下列短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。A56.AccordingtotheCode,visitorsshouldact_______.A.withcareandrespect

B.withreliefandpleasureC.withcautionandcalmness

D.withattentionandobservation57.WhatareyouencouragedtodowhentravellinginNewZealand?A.Takeyourowncampingfacilities.B.Buryglassfarawayfromrivers.C.Followthetrackforthesakeofplants.D.Observesignstoapproachnestingbirds.【答案】56．A57．C考点：应用文阅读BIntheUnitedStatesalone,over100millioncell-phonesarethrownawayeachyear.Cell-phonesarepartofagrowingmountainofelectronicwastelikecomputersandpersonaldigitalassistants.Theelectronicwastestreamisincreasingthreetimesfasterthantraditionalgarbageasawhole.Electronicdevicescontainvaluablemetalssuchasgoldandsilver.ASwissstudyreportedthatwhiletheweightofelectronicgoodsrepresentedbypreciousmetalswasrelativelysmallincomparisontototalwaste,theconcentration(含量)ofgoldandotherpreciousmetalswashigherin

So-callede-wastethaninnaturallyoccurringminerals.Electronicwastesalsocontainmanypoisonousmetals.Evenwhenthemachinesarerecycledandtheharmfulmetalsremoved,therecyclingprocessofteniscarriedoutinpoorcountries,inpracticallyuncontrolledwayswhichallowmanypoisonoussubstancestoescapeintotheenvironment.Creatingproductsoutofrawmaterialscreatesmuchmorewastematerial,upto100timesmore,thanthematerialcontainedinthefinishedproducts.Consideragainthecell-phone,andimaginetheminesthatproducedthosemetals,thefactoriesneededtomaketheboxandpackaging(包装)itcamein.Manywastesproducedintheproducingprocessareharmfulaswell.TheU.S.EnvironmentalProtectionAgencynotesthatmostwasteisdangerousinthat“theproduction,distribution,anduseofproducts—aswellasmanagementoftheresultingwaste—allresultingreenhousegasrelease.”Individualscanreducetheircontributionbycreatinglesswasteatthestart—forinstance,buyingreusableproductsandrecycling.Inmanycountriestheconceptofextendedproducerresponsibilityisbeingconsideredorhasbeenputinplaceasanincentive(动机)forreducingwaste.Ifproducersarerequiredtotakebackpackagingtheyusetoselltheirproducts,wouldtheyreducethepackaginginthefirstplace?Governments’incentivetorequireproducerstotakeresponsibilityforthepackagingtheyproduceisusuallybasedonmoney.Why,theyask,shouldcitiesortownsberesponsibleforpayingtodealwiththebubblewrap(气泡垫)thatencasedyourtelevision?Fromthegovernments’pointofview,aprimarygoaloflawsrequiringextendedproducerresponsibilityistotransferboththecostsandthephysicalresponsibilityofwastemanagementfromthegovernmentandtax-payersbacktotheproducers.58.BymentioningtheSwissstudy,theauthorintendstotellusthat_________.A.theweightofe-goodsisrathersmallB.E-wastedeservestobemadegooduseofC.naturalmineralscontainmorepreciousmetalsD.thepercentageofpreciousmetalsisheavyine-waste59.Theresponsibilityofe-wastetreatmentshouldbeextended_________.A.fromproducerstogovernmentsB.fromgovernmentstoproducersC.fromindividualstodistributorsD.fromdistributorstogovernments60.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A.Theincreaseine-waste.

B.Thecreationofe-waste.C.Theseriousnessofe-waste.

D.Themanagementofe-waste.【答案】58．B59．B60．D考点：科普说明文阅读CSupposeyoubecomealeaderinanorganization.It’sverylikelythatyou’llwanttohavevolunteerstohelpwiththeorganization’sactivities.Todoso,itshouldhelptounderstandwhypeopleundertakevolunteerworkandwhatkeepstheirinterestinthework.Let’sbeginwiththequestionofwhypeoplevolunteer.Researchershaveidentifiedseveralfactorsthatmotivatepeopletogetinvolved.Forexample,peoplevolunteertoexpresspersonalvaluesrelatedtounselfishness,toexpandtheirrangeofexperiences,andtostrengthensocialrelationships.Ifvolunteerpositionsdonotmeettheseneeds,peoplemaynotwishtoparticipate.Toselectvolunteers,youmayneedtounderstandthemotivationsofthepeopleyouwishtoattract.Peoplealsovolunteerbecausetheyarerequiredtodoso.Toincreaselevelsofcommunityservice,someschoolshavelaunchedcompulsoryvolunteerprograms.Unfortunately,theseprogramscanshiftpeople’swishofparticipationfromaninternalfactor(e.g.,“Ivolunteerbecauseit’simportanttome”)toanexternalfactor(e.g.,“IvolunteerbecauseI’mrequiredtodoso”).Whenthathappens,peoplebecomelesslikelytovolunteerinthefuture.Peoplemustbesensitivetothispossibilitywhentheymakevolunteeractivitiesamust.Oncepeoplebegintovolunteer,whatleadsthemtoremainintheirpositionsovertime?Toanswerthisquestion,researchershaveconductedfollow-upstudiesinwhichtheytrackvolunteersovertime.Forinstance,onestudyfollowed238volunteersinFloridaoverayear.Oneofthemostimportantfactorsthatinfluencedtheirsatisfactionasvolunteerswastheamountofsufferingtheyexperiencedintheirvolunteerpositions.Althoughthisresultmaynotsurpriseyou,itleadstoimportantpracticaladvice.Theresearchersnotethatattentionshouldbegivento“trainingmethodsthatwouldpreparevolunteersfortroublesomesituationsorprovidethemwithstrategiesforcopingwiththeproblemtheydoexperience”.Anotherstudyof302volunteersathospitalsinChicagofocusedonindividualdifferencesinthedegreetowhichpeopleview“volunteer”asanimportantsocialrole.Itwasassumedthatthosepeopleforwhomtheroleofvolunteerwasmostpartoftheirpersonalidentitywouldalsobemostlikelytocontinuevolunteerwork.Participantsindicatedthedegreetowhichthesocialrolematteredbyrespondingtostatementssuchas“VolunteeringinHospitalisanimportantpartofwhoIam.”Consistentwiththeresearchers’expectations,theyfoundapositivecorrelation(正相关)betweenthestrengthofroleidentityandthelengthoftimepeoplecontinuedtovolunteer.Theseresults,onceagain,leadtoconcreteadvice:“Onceanindividualbeginsvolunteering,continuedeffortsmightfocusondevelopingavolunteerroleidentity....ItemslikeT-shirtsthatallowvolunteerstoberecognizedpubliclyfortheircontributionscanhelpstrengthenroleidentity”.61.Peoplevolunteermainlyoutof______.A.academicrequirements

B.socialexpectationsC.financialrewards

D.internalneeds62.WhatcanwelearnfromtheFloridastudy?A.Follow-upstudiesshouldlastforoneyear.

B.Volunteersshouldgetmentallyprepared.C.Strategytrainingisamustinresearch.

D.Volunteersareprovidedwithconcreteadvice.63.Whatismostlikelytomotivatevolunteerstocontinuetheirwork?A.Individualdifferencesinroleidentity.

B.PubliclyidentifiablevolunteerT-shirts.C.Roleidentityasavolunteer.

D.Practicaladvicefromresearchers.64.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.HowtoGetPeopletoVolunteer

B.HowtoStudyVolunteerBehaviorsC.HowtoKeepVolunteers’Interest

D.HowtoOrganizeVolunteerActivities【答案】61．D62．B63．C64．A考点：议论文阅读DFreedomandResponsibilityFreedom’schallengeintheDigitalAgeisaserioustopic.Wearefacingtodayastrangenewworldandweareallwonderingwhatwearegoingtodowithit.Some2,500yearsagoGreecediscoveredfreedom.Beforethattherewasnofreedom.Thereweregreatcivilizations,splendidempires,butnofreedomanywhere.EgyptandBabylonwerebothtyrannies,oneverypowerfulmanrulingoverhelplessmasses.InGreece,inAthens(雅典),alittlecityinalittlecountry,therewerenohelplessmasses.AndAthenianswillinglyobeyedthewrittenlawswhichtheythemselvespassed,andtheunwritten,whichmustbeobeyediffreemenlivetogether.Theymustshoweachotherkindnessandpityandthemanyqualitieswithoutwhichlifewouldbeverypainfulunlessonechosetolivealoneinthedesert.TheAtheniansneverthoughtthatamanwasfreeifhecoulddowhathewanted.Amanwasfreeifhewasself-controlled.Tomakeyourselfobeywhatyouapprovedwasfreedom.Theyweresavedfromlookingattheirlivesastheirownprivateaffair.EachonefeltresponsibleforthewelfareofAthens,notbecauseitwasforcedonhimfromtheoutside,butbecausethecitywashisprideandhissafety.Theessentialbeliefofthefirstfreegovernmentintheworldwaslibertyforallmenwhocouldcontrolthemselvesandwouldtakeresponsibilityforthestate.Butdiscoveringfreedomisnotlikediscoveringcomputers.Itcannotbediscoveredonceforall.Ifpeopledonotprizeit,andworkforit,itwillgo.Constantwatchisitsprice.Athenschanged.Itwasachangethattookplacewithoutbeingnoticedthoughitwasoftheextremeimportance,aspiritualchangewhichaffectedthewholestate.IthadbeentheAthenian’sprideandjoytogivetotheircity.Thattheycouldgetmaterialbenefitsfromherneverenteredtheirminds.Therehadtobeacompletechangeofattitudebeforetheycouldlookatthecityasanemployerwhopaidhercitizensfordoingherwork.Nowinsteadofmengivingtothestate,thestatewastogivetothem.Whatthepeoplewantedwasagovernmentwhichwouldprovideacomfortablelifeforthem;andwiththisastheprimaryobject,ideasoffreedomandself-relianceandresponsibilitywereneglectedtothepointofdisappearing.Athenswasmoreandmorelookedonasacooperativebusinesspossessedofgreatwealthinwhichallcitizenshadarighttoshare.Athensreachedthepointwhenthefreedomshereallywantedwasfreedomfromresponsibility.Therecouldbeonlyoneresult.Ifmeninsistedonbeingfreefromtheburdenofself-dependenceandresponsibilityforthecommongood,theywouldceasetobefree.Responsibilityisthepriceeverymanmustpayforfreedom.Itistobehadonnootherterms.Athens,theAthensofAncientGreece,refusedresponsibility;shereachedtheendoffreedomandwasnevertohaveitagain.But,“theexcellentbecomesthepermanent”,Aristotlesaid.Athenslostfreedomforever,butfreedomwasnotlostforeverfortheworld.AgreatAmerican,JamesMadison,referredto:“Thecapacity(能力)ofmankindforself-government.”NodoubthehadnotanideathathewasspeakingGreek.Athenswasnotinthefarthestbackgroundofhismind,butoncemanhasagreatandgoodidea,itisnevercompletelylost.TheDigitalAgecannotdestroyit.Somehowinthisorthatman’sthoughtsuchanidealivesthoughunconsideredbytheworldofaction.Onecanneverbesurethatitisnotonthepointofbreakingoutintoactiononlysurethatitwilldososometime.65.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“tyrannies”inParagraph2referto?A.Countrieswheretheirpeopleneedhelp.

B.Powerfulstateswithhighercivilization.C.Splendidempireswherepeopleenjoyfreedom.

D.Governmentsruledwithabsolutepower.66.Peoplebelievinginfreedomarethosewho________.A.regardtheirlifeastheirownbusiness

B.seekgainsastheirprimaryobjectC.behavewithinthelawsandvaluesystems

D.treatotherswithkindnessandpity67.WhatchangeinattitudetookplaceinAthens?A.TheAtheniansrefusedtotaketheirresponsibility.B.TheAtheniansnolongertookprideinthecity.C.TheAtheniansbenefitedspirituallyfromthegovernment.D.TheAthenianslookedonthegovernmentasabusiness.68.Whatdoesthesentence“Therecouldbeonlyoneresult.”inParagraph5mean?A.Athenswouldcontinuetobefree.B.Athenswouldceasetohavefreedom.C.Freedomwouldcomefromresponsibility.D.FreedomwouldstopAthensfromself-dependence.69.WhydoestheauthorrefertoAristotleandMadison?A.Theauthorishopefulaboutfreedom.B.Theauthoriscautiousaboutself-government.C.TheauthorisskepticalofGreekcivilization.D.Theauthorisproudofman’scapacity.70.Whatistheauthor’sunderstandingoffreedom?A.Freedomcanbemorepopularinthedigitalage.B.Freedommaycometoanendinthedigitalage.C.Freedomshouldhavepriorityoverresponsibility.D.Freedomneedstobeguaranteedbyresponsibility.【答案】65．D66．C67．A68．B69．A70．D考点：历史文化类说明文阅读第四部分:任务型阅读(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)请阅读下面短文,并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意:请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。每个空格只填一个单词。Peopleselectnewsinexpectationofareward.Thisrewardmaybeeitheroftwokinds.OneisrelatedtowhatFreudcallsthePleasurePrinciple,theothertowhathecallstheRealityPrinciple.Forwantofbetternames,weshallcallthesetwoclassesimmediaterewardanddelayedreward.Ingeneral,thekindofnewswhichmaybeexpectedtogiveimmediaterewardarenewsofcrimeandcorruption,accidentsanddisasters,sports,socialevents,andhumaninterest.Delayedrewardmaybeexpectedfromnewsofpublicaffairs,economicmatters,socialproblems,science,education,andhealth.Newsofthefirstkindpaysitsrewardsatonce.Areadercanenjoyanindirectexperiencewithoutanyofthedangersorstressesinvolved.Hecantremblewildlyatanaxe-murder,shakehisheadsympatheticallyandsafelyatahurricane,identifyhimselfwiththewinningteam,laughunderstandinglyatawarmlittlestoryofchildrenordogs.Newsofthesecondkind,however,paysitsrewardslater.Itsometimesrequiresthereadertotolerateunpleasantnessorannoyance—as,forexample,whenhereadsofthethreateningforeignsituation,themountingnationaldebt,risingtaxes,fallingmarket,scarcehousing,andcancer.Ithasakindof“threatvalue.”Itisreadsothatthereadermaybeinformedandprepared.Whenareaderselectsdelayedrewardnews,hepullshimselfintotheworldofsurroundingrealitytowhichhecanadapthimselfonlybyhardwork.Whenheselectsnewsoftheotherkind,heusuallywithdrawsfromtheworldofthreateningrealitytowardthedreamworld.Foranyindividual,ofcourse,theboundariesofthesetwoclassesarenotstable.Forexample,asociologistmayreadnewsofcrimeasasocialproblem,ratherthanforitsimmediatereward.Acoachmayreadasportsstoryforitsthreatvalue:hemayhavetoplaythatteamnextweek.Apoliticianmayreadanaccountofhislatestsuccessfulpublicmeeting,notforitsdelayedreward,butverymuchashiswifereadsanaccountofaparty.Inanygivenstoryofcorruptionordisaster,athoughtfulreadermayreceivenotonlytheimmediaterewardofindirectexperience,butalsothedelayedrewardofinformationandpreparedness.Therefore,whilethedivisionofcategoriesholdsingeneral,anindividual’stendencymaytransferanystoryfromonekindofreadingtoanother,ordividetheexperiencebetweenthetwokindsofreward.Whatnewsstoriesdoyouread?Divisionofnewsstories