思维导图破解高考英语阅读理解 第7讲 高考英语阅读七选五解题技巧 精品学案

思维导图破解高考阅读理解第7讲阅读七选五解题技巧阅读理解七选五解题技巧思维导图1.了解文章的语篇结构2016—2020年四年15套卷中的七选五的语篇结构有以下四种类型：七选五通常是“总—分(—总)”结构，偶尔是“总—分—分”结构，把握住这个”总—分(—总)”的整体结构和段际关系，对于标题类和主题句类设空的解答大有帮助。2020新高考Ⅱ卷TalkingwithyourdoctorTalkingfreelywithyourdoctorcanmakeyoufeelbetter…Herearesometipsfortalkingwithyourdoctor.●Staypositive.●Keeptrackofhowyouarefeeling.●____39____Yourmedicalhistoryisalistofyourillnesses,treatments,whatthedoctorstoldyoutodo,andanythingelseyouthinkyourdoctorshouldknow.Also,ifyouareallergic(过敏)toanymedicines,besuretomentionthattoyourdoctor.●Askquestions.2.掌握语篇的衔接手段语篇的衔接手段主要有语法手段(如指代等)和词汇手段(如复现关系、同现关系等)。(1)语法手段(指代)凡在选项中或空格前、后句中遇到代词，我们要思考该代词替代上文中的什么内容，意义是否通顺。如：(2020年全国Ⅱ卷)InAsia,messagingplatformsaregrowingrapidly,withusersinthehundredsofmillions,bothatworkandplay.____36____.It’sbeenreportedthat76percentofemployeesinsomewesterncountriesareusingemojisatwork.D.ThepopularityoftheseplatformsisspreadinggloballyG.Aneasywaytobringallworkgenerationstogetheriswithachatplatform(2)词汇手段(复现/同现)①词语复现：如果空格前、后句中与正确选项中含有相同的一个或几个词，叫原词或同词复现；如果前后句与选项中没有相同的词，但有同义表达，叫同义复现。(2020年新高考Ⅱ卷)●Keeptrackofhowyouarefeeling.____38____Thiswillmakeiteasierforyoutoanswerquestionsaboutyoursymptoms(症状)andhowmedicinesmakeyoufeel.Italsomakesiteasierforyoutobringupanythingthatyouareworriedabout.Makesuretobehonestabouthowyoufeelandhowlongyou’vefeltthatway.C.Youcantalktoanotherdoctorifthetreatmentsdon’twork.D.Beforeyourdoctor’svisit,keepnotesonhowyouarefeeling.②词语同现：就是有相互关联的词语在上下文中有同时出现的可能性。如school,teacher,student,headmaster,class,test,fail,pass,learn等词就有可能在同一篇文章中同时出现。如：(2014全国Ⅰ卷)Yourchildrenneedtobedeeplycurious.____37____Askkids,“Whatingredients(配料)canweaddtomakethesepancakesevenbetternexttime?”A.Encouragekidstocookwithyou.C.Wecangivekidschancestothinkaboutmaterialsinnewways.③结构复现：就是句子结构重复出现，常有also作为标志词。如：(2019全国Ⅱ卷)____37____Morethanthat,howshouldyoustaymotivatedtoachievethegoal?First,youneedtoevaluateyourself,yourvalues,yourstrengths,yourweaknesses,yourachievements,yourdesires,etc.Onlythenshouldyousetyourgoals.B.Sohowshouldyoumotivateyourself?D.Sowhyshouldwetrytosetspecificgoals?3.把握句际的逻辑关系(1)总分关系:要求考生根据“总(主题句)”选“分(支撑句或分述句)”,也可能根据“分”选“总”。如：(2020年全国Ⅰ卷)●____37____Donotfollowthepeoplewhomakeyoufeelnot-good-enough.Whydoyoufollowthem?Areyouhopingthateventuallyyouwillfeelempoweredbecauseyourlifeisbetterthantheirs?Knowthatyourlifeisyourown;youaretheonlyyouinthisworld.F.Stopcomparingyourselfwithothers.G.Whendoesthecomparisongamestart?(2)转折关系:(2015全国Ⅰ卷)…lookateverythingyoustillhaveandbethankfulforallofthegoodinyourlife.40Instead,it’sahealthywaytoworkthroughtheexperiencetoallowroomforpositivegrowthandforgiveness.D.Rememberthatyoucanexpectthebestinreturn.G.Seeingthepositivesideofthingsdoesn’tmeanyou’reignoringwhathappened.(3)因果关系:(2019全国Ⅱ卷)Youalsoneedtojudgethequalityanddepthofyourmotivation.Thisisquiteimportant,becauseitisdirectlyrelatedtoyourcommitment.Therearetimeswhenyourheartisnotinyourwork.____39____So,slowdownandthinkwhatyoureallywanttodoatthatmoment.Clarity(清晰)ofthoughtscanhelpyoumoveforward.A.Thiscanaffectyourwork.E.Theycanchangeaccordingtocircumstances.(4)举例或列举关系:(2016年Ⅲ卷)Everyoneknowsthatfishisgoodforhealth.__39__Butitseemsthatmanypeopledon’tcookfishathome.F.Whenbuyingfish,youshouldfirstsmellit.G.Thefatsinfisharethoughttohelppreventheartdisease.4.重视语篇的明显标志(1)行文标志:(2018全国Ⅱ卷)●Yourproductivityisimproved.Exercisingmakesyoumoreawake…●Yourmetabolism(新陈代谢)getsaheadstart.…●39Studiesfoundthatpeoplewhowokeupearlyforexercisesleptbetterthanthosewhoexercisedintheevening.Exerciseenergizesyou,soitismoredifficulttorelaxandhaveapeacefulsleepwhenyouareveryexcited.A.Youwillsticktoyourdiet.B.Yourqualityofsleepimproves.C.Youpreferhealthyfoodtofastfood.(2)标点符号:(2015全国Ⅱ卷)Duringthefirstweek,donotthinkaboutdistance,butrunfiveminuteslongereachday.38,itiswisetotakeadayofftorest.Butduringthenextweek,setagoalofatleastamileandahalfperrun.A.AftersixdaysB.Foragoodmarathonrunner实战训练（以2018年全国1卷为例）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Colorisfundamentalinhomedesign—somethingyou'llalwayshaveineveryroom.Agraspofhowtomanagecolorinyourspacesisoneofthefirststepstocreatingroomsyou'lllovetolivein.Doyouwantaroomthat'sfulloflife？Professional？Orareyoujustlookingforaplacetorelaxafteralongday？36，coloristhekeytomakingaroomfeelthewayyouwantittofeel.Overtheyears，therehavebeenanumberofdifferenttechniquestohelpdesignersapproachthisimportantpoint.37，theycangetalittlecomplex.Butgoodnewsisthatthere'rereallyonlythreekindsofdecisionsyouneedtomakeaboutcolorinyourhome：thesmallones，themediumones，andthelargeones.38．They'rethelittlespotsofcolorlikethrowpillows，mirrorsandbasketsthatmostofususetoaddvisualinteresttoourrooms.Lesstiringthanpaintingyourwallsandlessexpensivethanbuyingacolorfulsofa，smallcolorchoicesbringwiththemthesignificantbenefitofbeingeasilychangeable.Mediumcolorchoicesaregenerallyfurniturepiecessuchassofas，dinnertablesorbookshelves.39．Theyrequireabiggercommitmenttha