2019-2020学年第二学期听力练习-听力原文

听力第一篇Directions：Inthissection,you'llhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillintheblankswiththeexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Finally,whenthepassageisreadforthethirdtime,youshouldcheckwhatyouhavewritten.Inaworldasfast-changingandfullofinformationasourown,everyoneofusneedstoknowhowtolearnwell.Yetevidencesuggeststhatmostofus don’tusethelearningtechniquesthatsciencehasprovedmosteffective.Worse,researchfindsthatlearningstrategieswedocommonlyemploy,likerereadingandhighlighting突标),areamongtheleasteffective.Althoughhighlightingandunderliningarecommonpractices,studiesshowtheyoffernobenefitbeyondsimplyreadingthetext.Someresearchevenindicatesthathighlightingcangetinthewayoflearning;becauseitdrawsattentiontoindividualfacts,itmayinterferewiththeprocessofmakingconnectionsanddrawinginferences(推断).Nearlyasbadisthepracticeofrereading,acommonexercisethatismuchlesseffectivethansomeofthebettertechniquesyoucanuse.Lastly,summarizing,orwritingdownthemainpointscontainedinatext,canbeusefulforthosewhoareskilledatit,butitisalsoratedasbeingoflowutilityastherearefarbetterwaystospendyourstudytime.Incontrasttofamiliarpracticeslikehighlightingandrereading,thelearningtechniqueswiththemostevidencetosupportthemaren’twellknownoutsidethelaboratory.Takedistributedpractice,forexample.Thistechniqueinvolvesspreadingoutyourstudytime,ratherthanengaginginonemarathon(马拉松).Rote(死记硬背)atthelastminutemayallowyoutogetthroughthattestormeeting,butthematerialwillquicklydisappearfrommemory.It’smuchmoreeffectivetodipintothematerialatintervalsovertime.听力第二篇Directions：Inthissection,you'llhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillintheblankswiththeexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Finally,whenthepassageisreadforthethirdtime,youshouldcheckwhatyouhavewritten.Peoplehavealwaysbeeninterestedinthelivesofthewealthyandfamous,butinrecentyearsthatinteresthasdevelopedintowidespreadobsession(沉迷).Isthisagoodthing?It’sdefinitelynotagoodthingwhenthecelebrityconcernedisdoingnothingbutsetabadexample.Celebritiesandthoseinthepubliceyehavearesponsibilitywhichfewappeartoacknowledge.Theirbehavior,thewaytheydress,thewaytheyconductthemselveswhenoutonthetown,thecarstheydriveandtheplacestheygoonholidayareallseenbyfansandfollowersasgoalsworthpursuing.It’sthereforenotsurprisingthatsomanyyoungpeopleroutinelyuseillegalsubstances,drinktoomuch,arepreoccupiedwiththeirappearancesandcaresolittlefortheenvironment.I’mremindedthatcelebritiesarepeopletoo.Theyaresubjecttothetemptations,theanxietiesandmentalstrainthateveryonehastobear.ButIthinkthatitishightimethatcelebritieswokeuptotheirresponsibilities.Iftheywanttobeapplaudedfortheirworktheymustassumeresponsibilityfortherolemodelthattheyprovide.Manycelebritiesareguiltyofsettingbadexamplesatonetimeoranother.Whenwillthesepeoplebecomeawareofthefactthatwhatevertheydowillbecopiedbycountlesshundreds,thousands,evenmillionsofpeople?WhilemostpeoplearesensibleenoughnottobeoverlyinfluencedbysuchstoriesthereareplentywhowillhearthesetalesandseethemasagreenlightT.hey’llbelievethatitisperfectlyOKtodriveanenvironmentkillingcaratbreakneckspeedonpublicroadsbecausesomethoughtless,selfishcelebrityhasbragged(吹嘘)aboutdoingit.听力第三篇Directions：Inthissection,you'llhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillintheblankswiththeexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Finally,whenthepassageisreadforthethirdtime,youshouldcheckwhatyouhavewritten.Everychildhasasocialidentity,whichishowweperceiveourvariousrolesinsocietyinrelationtoothers.Whetheritisthroughsocialposition,culture,interests,achievements,orbeliefschildrenderivefromtheirsocialidentitiesasenseofprideself-worthandconsistency.So,whenitisrapidlychanged,threatened,orquestioned,itisnowonderthatachildmaybecomevulnerabletodepression.Notallchildrenwhoundergochangesoftheirsocialidentitieswillexperiencedepression.Instead,itisthoughtthatthosewhoidentifywithalimitednumberofsocialrolesaremoreatriskofdevelopingdepressionwhenaroleislost.Thisisnottosaythatachildcannotdevelopanewsocialidentity,butitsimplyhighlightstheimportanceofhowachildviewshimselfinrelationtotheworldaroundhim.Inordertohaveasocialidentity,weneedpeoplearoundustoconfirmordeny.Thepeoplearoundusalsoinfluenceoursocialidentitiesandthewaywefeelaboutourselves.Ifachildisveryshyandwithdrawn,itislikelythatotherchildrenwillpickuponhersocialcuesandleaveheralone,thusconfirminghimsocialidentityasshyandwithdrawn.Inturn,shemaylacksatisfactioninhersocialrole,feellonely,orbecomefrustratedtryingtobreakfreefromthatidentity.Asaparent,youcansupportyour child’ssocialrolesbyacknowledgingwhatandwhoisimportanttoher.Trynottoputtoomuchemphasisonanyonesinglesocialrole.Instead,encouragehimtotrynewanddifferentthings,andremindhimoftheotherimportantrolesthatsheplaysinlife.听力第四篇Directions：Inthissection,you'llhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillintheblankswiththeexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Finally,whenthepassageisreadforthethirdtime,youshouldcheckwhatyouhavewritten.Alongwiththee-age,everyfieldmakesuseofthee-technologyfortheirownpurposes.Hundredsofuniversitiesacrossthecountryareturningtoemail’soveractiveyoungerbrother–textmessaging–tobridgethedigitaldividebetweenadministrationandstudents.90percentofstudentscarrycellphonesand70percentuseShortMessageService(SMS)technology,morecommonlyknownastextmessaging,onaregularbasis,accordingtoonlinestatistics.Mostuniversitychiefinformationofficersagreethatitmakessensetosendurgentalertstodevicesthatstudentshavewiththemallthetime.Andinadditiontohavingafarreachwithcollegekids,textmessagesaredeliveredfast;unlikeemail,thousandsofmessagescanbetransmittedwithinafewminutes.Butthishailedtechnologyisnotwithoutproblems.Gettingstudentsenrolledinavoluntary(自愿的)programisnevereasy.Studentssaythatthey’rereluctanttosharetheircellphonenumberwiththeirinstitutionforfearofreceivingjunkmail.Also,withoutunlimitedmessageplans,messagescancostacellphoneowner10-15centseach,whichhinderstheprogram.Besides,studentsmightalsowithdrawfromtheprogramor,iftheygetanewnumber,maynotupdatetheirnumberintheschool’ssystem.Meanwhile,technologyhasitsshareofproblems–likethefactthatmessagesarelimitedto160characters.Ashorthandalert,briefinstructions,andperhapsanindicationtochecktheschool’swebsiteformoredetailsisallthatatextmessagecanafford.Despitelimitations,threetextmessagealertcompaniesformedin2005andarehighereducationSMSmarket.听力第五篇Directions：Inthissection,you'llhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillintheblankswiththeexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Finally,whenthepassageisreadforthethirdtime,youshouldcheckwhatyouhavewritten.Peopleareshockedtolearnthatanothereconomiccrisishittheworld.Whenthefinancialmarketsfall,companiesofallsizesannounceplanstoreducetheirworkforce,andjob-seekerstendtogetabitworriedaboutthejobsearchtheymayface.Italmostgoeswithoutsayingthatjob-huntinginaboomeconomyismucheasierthanjob-huntinginaslumpingWhat’sthemostimportantaspectofjob-hunting?Notresumebuildingnorinterviewingskills...butnetworking.Networkingistheperfectwaytomeettheprofessionalsinyourfieldwhocanofferyounewperspectivesonyourindustryandassistyouinseekingnewjobopportunities.Ifyouuseyournetworkproperly,youwillhearofmultiplejobopportunities,oftenbeforetheyareevenlisted.Somejob-seekersshyawayfromnetworkingbecausetheythinknetworkingisequaltotakingadvantageofpeople,butifdonecorrectly,networkingcanbearewardingexperienceforallpartiesinvolved.Networkingisnotaskingeveryoneyouknowforajob.Networkingmeansdevelopingabroadlistofcontactsandusingthemtoyouradvantagewhenyoulookforajob.Peopleinyournetworkcouldbeyourfamily,friends,andpeople you’vemetthroughsocialandbusinesssituations.Theymaybeabletogiveyoujobleads,offeryouadviceandinformationaboutaparticularcompanyorindustry,andintroduceyoutootherssothatyoucanexpandyournetwork.Whenyouhaveanetworkofprofessionalcontactswithwhomyouinteractonaregularbasis,youremploymentopportunitieswillgrowgreatly.听力第六篇Directions：Inthissection,you'llhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillintheblankswiththeexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Finally,whenthepassageisreadforthethirdtime,youshouldcheckwhatyouhavewritten.Domestic(家庭)violenceandabusecanhappentoanyone,yettheproblemisoftenneglected,excused,ordenied.Thisisespeciallytruewhentheabuseisemotional,ratherthanphysical.Noticingandacknowledgingthesignsofanabusive(虐待的)relationshipisthefirststeptoendingit.Domesticabuseoccurswhenonepersoninanintimaterelationshipormarriagetriestogaintotalcontrolovertheotherperson.Domestic