轮机英语历年真题46期

中华人民共和国海事局2008第2期海船船员适任统考试题(总第46期)科目：轮机英语试卷代号：805适用对象：无限/近洋航区3000KW及以上船舶二/三管轮（本试卷卷面总分100分，及格分为70分，考试时间为100分钟）答题说明：请选择一个最合适的答案，并将该答案按答题卡要求，在其相应位置上用2B铅笔涂黑。第1题至88题，每题1分，第89题至96题，每题分。一．单项选择题1.Inordertocontrolthermalstresses,sometypeofmodernenginesusepistonswith_______.A.heavywallandintensivecoolingB.heavywallandnocoolingC.thinwallandnocoolingD.thinwallandintensivecooling2.Theaveragepressureexertedonapistonduringeachpowerstrokeistermed________.A.indicatedhorsepowerB.meaneffectivepressureC.exhaustbackpressureD.compressionpressure3.Theignitionqualityofadieselfuelisindicatedbythe________.A.cetanenumberB.volatilitypointC.viscosityindexD.octanenumber4.Apistoninafour-stroke/cycledieselenginemakesfourstrokesduringeach_________.A.crankshaftrevolutionB.mechanicalcycleofoperationC.periodoftwocombustioncyclesD.cycleoftwoevents5.Crankshaftsofmediumspeedenginesare_________fromasinglepieceofsteel.A.unusuallysolidweldedB.neverbesolidforgedC.almostinvariablysolidforgedD.almostinvariablybewelded\6.Thestartingairenteringthecylinderbeginswhenthepiston_________.A.hasnearlycometotheTDCB.hasjustpasttheTDCC.hasnearlycometotheBDCD.hasjustpasttheBDC7.Amainbearingconsistsoftwoshellswhicharesecuredbymeansofstudsand_________.A.tierodsB.throughboltsC.leadwiresD.bearingcaps8.Comparedtofour-stroke/cycleengines,two-stroke/cycledieselengineshavethedisadvantageof_________.A.lesseventorqueB.highercylinderheadtemperatureB.fewerpowerstrokesperrevolutionD.greaterweight/sizerequirements9._________controlsthefueloiltemperatureinordertoprovideoilthecorrectviscosityforcombustion.A.TheviscosityregulatorB.ThetemperaturecontrollerC.TheflowmeterD.Thepressureswitch10.Inadieselenginelubeoilsystem,whichofthefollowingpartsshouldbelubricatedfirst?A.CamshaftbearingsB.MainbearingsC.PistoncrownsD.Cylinderwalls11.Alarge,low-speed,mainpropulsiondieselengineusesseawatertodirectlycoolthe_________.A.cylinderheadsB.exhaustvalvesC.scavengingairD.injectors12.Inaturbocharger,inletairvelocityisincreasedinthe_________.A.inletnozzleringB.stationarydiffuserpassagesC.compressoroutletvoluteD.rotatingimpellervanes13.Eachcylinderhasonestartingvalvewhichisusuallyopenedbyairpressureandclosedby_________.A.nutsandboltsB.newjointsC.springforceD.sealingrings14.Inasimplemechanicalgovernor,the_______.A.centrifugalforcerotatestheball-headB.flyweightcentrifugalforceisbalancedbyspringforceC.flyweightcentrifugalforceisbalancedbyhydraulicpressureD.speederspringaloneactuatesthefuelcontrolrod15.Apyrometerisaninstrumentcommonlyusedtomeasure_________.A.cylinderpressureB.flameintensityC.exhaustgastemperatureD.crankshaftaxialalignment16.Afterstartingadieselengine,whichofthelistedoperatingconditionsshouldbecheckedfirst?A.AirboxpressureB.LubeoilpressureC.ExhausttemperaturesD.Rawwaterpressure17.Ahightemperaturealarmor_________whichwillmeltisusedtoguardagainsttheexplosionofcompressorairpipelines.A.aflametrapB.areliefvalveC.afusibleplugD.aburstingcap18.Whatpreventativemaintenanceshouldbedonefrequentlytodieselenginestartingairreceivers?A.Draintheaccumulatedmoisture.B.Testthereliefvalves.C.Watchthetemperaturetopreventfluctuationsinpressure.D.Cleantheinteriortoremoveoilandforeignmatter.19.Inreducingenginespeedtoanefficientpropellerspeedbytheuseofreductiongears,_________.A.speedandtorquearebothreducedB.speedisreducedandtorqueremainsunchangedC.speedisreducedandtorqueisincreasedD.speedissometimesunchangedwhiletorqueisincreased20.Whichofthefollowingstatementsconcerningfire-tubeboilersiscorrect?A.Combustiongasesflowthroughthetubes.B.Flamesimpingeonthetubes.C.Waterimpingesonthetubes.D.Waterflowsthroughthetubes.21.Theexhaustboilersareusedtorecoversomeof_________carriedintheexhaustgasfromthemainengine.A.waterB.oilC.heatD.steam22.Thewaterlevelinasteamingauxiliaryboilerwillalways__________.A.risewhenthesteampressureisincreasedB.remainconstantaslongasthefeedpumpoperatesC.fallwhenthesteampressureisdecreasedD.varyasthesteamdemandchanges23.Whenlightingoffanauxiliaryboiler,whichoftheproblemslistedcouldcausetheburnerstosputter?A.ColdfueloilB.LowfueloilpressureC.LowatomizedsteampressureD.Waterinthefueloil24.Ifthefeedpumpforandauxiliaryboilerfailstodeliverthefeedwatertotheboiler,thecausemaybe_________.A.highsteampressureintheboilerB.abnormallyhighfeed-watertemperatureC.abnormallyhighboilerwatertemperatureD.steamdemandexceedingfeedpumpcapacity25.Througha_________pumptheliquidistransferredfromthesuctiontothedischargebythemechanicalvariationofthevolumeofachamberorchambers.A.positivedisplacementB.ejectorC.centrifugalD.aircompressor26.Sealinglinesprovidesealingliquidflowtothestuffingboxofacentrifugalpump.A.topreventseawaterfrompassingoutthestuffingboxwhenahighsuctionheadispresentB.tocooltheshaftC.inplaceofmechanicalseatsD.inplaceoflanternrings27.Whichofthevalveslistedwillbecycledfromfullyopentofullyclosewhenthehandleisturned90degrees?A.ArisingstemgatevalveB.AglobestopvalveC.AcheckvalveD.Abutterflyvalve28.Centrifugalpumps,usedtohandlehotliquids,musthaveaminimumflowthroughthemunderalloperatingconditions.Thisflowservesto_________.A.preventoverheatinganddamagetopumprotatingpartsduetorubbingB.maintainthenetpositivesuctionheadofthepumpC.maintainhydraulicdifferentialinthepumpimpellerpassagesD.purgethepumpofnon-condensablevaporsandgases29.Ifyouhearda‘cracking’noiseinacentrifugalpump,themostprobablecauseoftheproblemwouldbe__________.A.insufficientspeedB.cavitationC.excessdischargepressureD.excessivenetpositivesuctionhead30.Intheprocessof________liquidchangesintogas.A.evaporationB.frostingC.condensingD.compressing31.Thedeviceusedforlow-pressurecontrolandhigh-pressurecutoutonacompressoriscalleda_________.A.cutoutB.pressurecontrollerC.controllerswitchD.cutoutswitch32.Apurgerecoverysystemisusedinacentralairconditioningorrefrigerationsystemto_________.A.purgelubeoilfromtheliquidrefrigerantB.recoverwaterpurgedfromthesystemC.separatefoulgasesfromthereceiverD.purgenon-condensablegaseswithoutlosingrefrigerant33.Inanairconditioningsystem,lowheadpressureassociatedwithareciprocatingcompressorcanbetheresultof________.A.brokenvalvespringsB.tightdrivebeltsC.highlinevoltageD.airinthesystem34.Whendischargingbilgewateroverboard,whichcriteriamustbeobserved?A.Therequirementfortheoilcontentofbilgewaterdischargedisunder15ppm.B.NodischargeinsensitivewatersC.AnydischargeinsensitivewatersD.International,nationalorlocalrequirementshavetobeobserved35.Thefollowingmeasurescanbeusedtoimproveoilywaterseparator’sseparatingeffectexcept_________.A.overhaulingeverytwoyearsB.workingatintervalsC.renewingfiltrationmaterialD.properlyheating36.Disposalofallkindsofgarbagebut__________listedasbelowisprohibitedwithinSpecialAreas.A.comminutedorgroundpapers,rags,glass,metal,etcB.plasticsC.foodwastecomminutedorgroundD.incineratorash37.Whendoesauxiliaryburnerofincineratorputintooperation?I.startincineratorwhenitiscoldII.LittlewasteoilfordealingwithIII.plentyofwasteoilfordealingwithIV.ThewaterandimpurityinsludgearetoomuchV.thetemperatureinincineratorislowVI.dealingwithlittlesolidrubbishA.II+III+VB.I+II+III+IVC.I+IV+V+VID.I+II+III+VI38.Bacteriawhichlive_________aresaidtobeaerobic.A.inthepresenceofoxygenB.withoutoxygenC.inthepresenceofnutritionD.withoutnutrition39.Whencentrifugingheavyfueloil,animportantfactortoconsideris(are)the_________.I.flowrateII.ViscosityofthefueloilA.IB.IIC.I+IID.NeitherInorIIarecorrect40.Toensurelubeoilpurifierworkinginnormalcondition,theintervalbetweentwosludgedischargingshouldnotexceed________hours.A.2B.4C.5D.641._________cannotcauseoilflowfromwateroutletofselfcleaningpurifier.A.OiltemperaturetoohighB.DiameterofgravitydisctoolargeC.OiltemperaturetoolowD.Highleveltankoutofwater42.Intheproductionoffreshwaterfromseawaterthroughaprocessofheatingandcooling,thecoolingphaseofproductionisusuallycalled_________.A.evaporationB.distillationC.dehydrationD.condensation43.Distilledwaterfromanevaporatormaybedischargeintoapotablewatertank___________.A.throughadetachablehoseconnectionB.afterpassingthroughanactivatedcharcoalfilterC.afterchemicalanalysisshowsitisfitforconsumptionD.throughasolenoidoperatedthree-wayvalve44.Whattypeofvalveisusedtodirecttheflowofhydraulicfluid?A.reliefvalveB.directioncontrolvalveC.stopvalveD.pressurecontrolvalve45.Cargohandlingunitisratedaccordingtothe_________tobelifted.A.cargocraneB.jibC.safeworkingloadD.oilpressure46.Thecraneisusuallymountedonaplatformtoofferadequate_______totheoperator.A.sightB.widthC.lengthD.visibility47.Properinternallubricationofahydraulicanchorwindlassleftidleforextendedperiodscanbeaccomplishedby_________.A.performingacheckrunontheunitatregularintervalsB.testingthehydraulicfluidforproperPHC.checkingthereservoirforproperlevelD.cleaningstrainersatregularintervals48.__________areusedforhaulinginorlettingoutthewireswhichfastentheshiptotheshore.A.CargowinchesB.MooringwinchesC.WindlassesD.Cargohatches49.Themajorsourceofchemicalcontaminantsinhydraulicfluidis_________.A.microscopicsteelshavingsB.abrasivewasteC.anti-oxidantcompoundsD.oxidationby-products50.Ifyouinstallanewhydraulichoseinahydraulicsystem,thehosemustbelongenoughtoallowforcontractiontoprevent________.A.failureofthehydraulichoseB.excessiveflowthroughthelineB.frictioninotherareasofthehydraulicsystemD.overheatingofthehydraulicfluid51.Acircuitthathasonewireincontactwiththehulloftheshipisa__________.A.seriescircuitB.groundedcircuitC.shortcircuitD.closedcircuit52.Thefrequencyofanalternatoratagivenr/minisdeterminedbythe__________.A.numberofturnsofwireinthearmaturecoilB.numberofmagneticpolesC.strengthofthemagnetsusedD.outputvoltage53.Theoperationofparallelingtwoalternatorsrequiresthevoltagestobe_________andalsoinphase.A.zeroB.eliminatedC.differentD.equal54.ThefrequencyofanACgeneratoriscontrolledbythe_________.A.rheostatB.governorC.exciterD.capacitor55.Amotorenclosurewhichprotectsagainstfallingliquidsisclassifiedas__________.A.water-proofB.drip-proofC.spray-tightD.spray-proof56.________aresuppliedwithelectricitybymainswitchboarddirectly.A.SuezCanalsearchlight,aircompressorandairconditioningcompressorB.Aircompressor,boilerblowerandrefrigerationplantC.Boilerblower,SuezCanalsearchlightandrefrigerationplantD.SuezCanalsearchlightandboilerblower57._________isnotinstalledontheemergencyswitchboard.A.AmmeterB.VoltmeterC.WattmeterD.Synchroscope58.WhentwoD.C.generatorsoperateinparallel,theyareprotectedagainstmotorizingby_______.A.blowoutcoilsB.governorrelayC.undervoltagetripsD.reversecurrenttrips59.MoistureinaD.C.motorwouldcause_________.A.shortcircuitB.speedupC.slowdownD.hunting60.Thepartofafusethatmeltsandopensthecircuitismadeof_________.A.copperandantimonyB.steelandbabbitC.aluminumorberylliumalloyD.zincoranalloyoftinandlead61.ThemainpurposeofanelectricspaceheaterinstalledinalargeA.C.generatoristo________.A.preventthewindingsfrombecomingbrittleB.preventmoisturefromcondensinginthewindingsduringshutdownC.preventacidicpittingoftheslipringsD.keepthelubeoilwarmforquickstarting62.Sparkingatthebrushesofarunningmotorcouldbeanindicationof_________.A.normaloperationB.adirtycommutatorC.increasedbrushcapacityD.watervaporabsorption63.Priortostarting,thepurposeofturningoveramainpropulsiondieselenginewiththecylindertestcocksopen,isto________.A.testthestartingsystemB.removecondensationfromthecylindersC.checkthecompressionD.checkforproperlubeoilpressure64.Duringthewatchkeepingatsea,_________shouldbeloggedorrecordedintheenginelogbook.A.therunninghoursofthecoolingwaterpumpB.chiefengineer’sorderC.themainparametersofmainandauxiliaryequipmentD.thepositionofthevessel65.Duringshipmaneuvering,whenthedieselisstopped,whichofthefollowingitemsiswrong?A.keepallsystemsrunningnormallyB.mainengineisavailableatanymomentC.shutoffthestartingairbottleoutletvalveD.payattentiontothechangesofthesystemparameters66.Whichofthelistedconditionscanbeconsideredasthesinglegreatestcauseofaccidents?A.SpeedB.ExcessiveknowledgeorskillC.HumanerrorD.Excitement67.Onatankvessel,whichofthefollowingsubstanceswouldbeburninginaclass“B”fire?A.OilB.WoodC.RagsD.Electricwiring68.Themostlikelyplaceforafiretostartthroughtheprocessofspontaneouscombustionisin_________.A.anelectricalswitchboardB.thepressuretanksC.thefueloiltanksD.theoilyragbin69.Whichofthefireextinguisherslistedistobeweighedannuallyandsentashoreforrechargingiftheweightlossexceeds10%oftheweightofafullcharge?A.FoamB.SodaacidC.DrychemicalD.Carbondioxide70.Whileonwatchintheengineroom,youhearacontinuoussoundingofthegeneralalarm.Whichofthefollowingactionsshouldyoutakefirst?A.Securetheburnersthenproceedtoyourassignedboardstation.B.Startthefirepumpandestablishflowtothefiremain.C.Opentheguardianvalveandstandbytomaneover.D.OpenthemastercontrolvalvesonthefixedCO2system.71.Iftherewereafireinthebunkertanks,youshould_________.A.closetheventB.pumpoutthetankC.activatethefixedCO2systemD.cutofftheheatingcoils72.Toavoidexcessivesurgepressurewhenbunkering,youshould_________.A.bunkeratanormalrateB.checkforkinksinhoseC.closevalvesslowlyD.shutvalvesbeforetoppingoff73.________,whereminorrepairsarecarriedoutwithashipinservice,oftenduringastayinport.Thismayberemotefromashiprepairsite.A.VoyagerepairB.RoutinedockingC.DaagerepairsD.Conversion74.Whenisthedocksurveycarriedout?A.DuringannualrepairB.UsuallyduringdockrepairC.BeforeseatrialD.After5yearsfromlastannualsurvey75.Intheinitialsurvey,________compliesthesurveyreportandfillsincertificate.A.surveyorB.chiefengineerC.administratorD.companysuperintendent76.IfanincorrectentryweremadeintheOilRecordBook,youshould_________.A.erasetheentryandrewriteitB.notifytheship’sofficer-in-chargeC.rewriteitD.drawasinglelinethroughthewrongentryandinitialit.77.TheInternationalOilPollutionPreventionCertificateisvalidforaperiodof__________.A.oneyearfromthedateofissueB.fiveyearsfromthedateofissueC.threeyearsfromthedateofissueD.fouryearsfromthedateofissue78.WhichoneisNOTthe‘cleargrounds’foramoredetailedinspection?A.nooperationproceduresfortheoilseparatorsB.enginelogbookmissingC.themasterandthechiefengineerareunabletocommunicateeffectivelyD.absenceofanup-datemusterlist79.ThePortStateControlofficermaywitnessafiredrillcarriedoutbythecrewassignedtothesedutiesonthe________.A.NavigationLogBookB.EngineRoomLogBookC.OilRecordBookD.MusterList80.81.ThemainpurposeofPortStateControlisnotto_________.A.preventanunsafeshipproceedingtoseaB.preventashipthreateningthemainenvironmentC.finetheshipsD.confirmasafesailing82.Thebridgeshouldinformtheengineroom_________beforepassingthroughcongestedorshallowwaterway.A.24hoursB.2hoursC.1hourD.15hours83.Whenthechiefengineerisinthemachineryspaces,theofficerinchargeoftheengineeringwatchshall________.A.continuetoberesponsibleformachineryspaceoperationsdespitethepresenceoftheC/EB.handovertheresponsibilitytothechiefengineeractivelyC.beresponsibleforthewatchingtogetherwiththechiefengineerD.assistthechiefengineertocontrolthemachinery84.Accordingtotheinternationalregulationsconcerningthepreventionofpollutionofseaareasfromships,thedisposalintotheseaofallplasticsis_________.A.welcomeB.admittedinsomespecialseaareasC.prohibitedD.acceptable85.Theshipemergencyplanitemdoesnotinclude__________usually.I.lifesaving,firefightingII.firstaidIII.abandonship86.UnderISMCode,theshiptowhichitapplieshastocarry_________.A.anInternationalShipSecurityCertificateB.anInternationalOilPollutionPreventionCertificateC.aSafetyManagementCertificateD.anInternationalBallastWaterManagementCertificate87.TheobjectiveofISPSCodeis__________.A.toprotectthemarineenvironmentB.toprovideamethodtoavoidanaccidentC.toprotecttheshipfromcollisionD.tokeepterrorismactionawayfromships88.Accordingto“MARITIMELABOURCONVENTION,2006”A.14hoursinany24-hourperiodB.72hoursinanyseven-dayperiodC.10hoursinany24-hourperiodD.88hoursinanyseven-dayperiod二．关联题（关联题干下有4个小题，每小题4个选项）第一组PortStateControl(PSC)istheinspectionofforeignshipsinnationalportsforthepurposeofverifyingthattheconditionoftheshipanditsequipmentcomplywiththerequirementsofinternationalconventionsthattheshipismannedandoperatedincompliancewithapplicableinternationallaws.TheprimaryresponsibilityforensuringthatashipmaintainsastandardatleastequivalenttothatspecifiedininternationalconventionsrestswiththeflagStateandifallflagstatesperformedtheirdutiessatisfactorilytherewouldbenoneedforportstatecontrol.Unfortunatelythisisnotthecaseasevidencedbythemanymarineaccidentsaroundtheworld-hencetheneedforadditionalcontrol.TheauthorityforexercisingPSCisthenationallawbasedonrelevantconventions.ItisthereforenecessaryforaportStatetobePartytothoseconventionsandtohavepromulgatedthenecessarylegislationbeforeexercisingPSC.Inaccordancewiththeprovisionsoftheapplicableconventions,Partiesmayconductinspectionsofforeignshipsintheirports.TheyarePortStateControlOfficers(PSCO).89.ThepurposeofPSCis_________.1)tocheckandinspectforeignships2)toverifytheconditionofashipincompliancewithrequirementsofinternationalconventions.3)tomakesurethattheshipismannedandoperatedwell4)todetainshipsA.1)+2)B.2)+3)C.1)+3)D.1)+2)+3)+4)90.Whowillberesponsibleforensuringthatashipmaintainsastandardatleastequivalenttothatspecifiedininternationalconventions?A.PSCOsB.ShipownersC.FlagstatesD.Portstates91.BeforeexercisingPSC,aportstateshould__________.A.becomeacontractingPartyandpromulgateregulationsforimplementingPSCB.informshipownersC.establishproceduresD.informshippingcompanies92.PSCinspectionisimplementedby________through_________.A.flagstates/PSCOsB.flagstates/shipownersC.portstates/PSCOsD.portstates/shipowners第二组Almostallfailuresinthefueloilsystem,includingthecompressionbeingtolow,resultinthecrankshaftrotatingmoreslowlyifthereisafailureatoneormorecylinderssimultaneously.Ifonlyoneortwocylindersfail,andtheengineisnotfullyloaded,thecrankshaftrev./min.doesnotdecrease,thereasonbeingthatthegovernorensuresthattheremainingcylindersareloadedtoacorrespondinglygreaterextent.Iftheengineisalreadyfullyloaded,thecylindersthatareworkingnormallybecomeoverloadedcausingasmokingexhaustandhigherexhausttemperaturesetc.Theloadmustalwaysbereduceduntilthefailurehas