Unit 4 课文阅读理解 拓展训练 人教版（2019）选择性必修第三册

人教版选择性必修第三册unit4课文阅读理解+拓展训练eq\x(Step1Fast­reading)1．Whatdoesthepassagemainlytellus?A．PerceBlackborowadmiredShackletonverymuch.B．ShackletontookPerceBlackborowtotheship.C．PerceBlackborow’sdiaryaboutthegreatexpedition.D．PerceBlackborowmissedhismotherverymuch.答案C2.Readthepassageandjudgewhetherthefollowingstatementsaretrue(T)orfalse(F)．(1)PerceBlackborowwentaboardtheEnduranceinsecret.()(2)Blackborowwasdiscoveredthedaywhenhewentaboard.()(3)Thecrewfelthopelesswhentheshipbecamestuckintheice.()(4)ThereweremanyvisitorsatElephantIsland.()(5)TherewerealotofplantsatElephantIsland.()1-5TFTFFeq\x(Step2Careful­reading)Readthepassagecarefullyandchoosethebestanswer.1．WhenPerceBlackborowwasassignedtobeastewardatfirst，hewas.A．angryanddisappointedB．satisfiedandexcitedC．hopelessanddisappointedD．worriedandangry2．WhydidShackletonallowHusseytokeephisbanjo?A．Becausethebanjowasvaluable.B．BecauseShackletonlikedthebanjo.C．BecauseHusseycouldplayittokeeptheirspiritsup.D．Becausethebanjowassmall.3．WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?A．WhiletheywereatElephantIsland，theyfedonasealorapenguin.B．ShackletonleftElephantIslandforhelpbyhimself.C．Frankwasthekindestmanofallthecrew.D．ThomasOrde­Leeswasalittleselfishandbad­tempered.4．WecanlearnfromthepassagethatErnestShackletonwas.A．strong­mindedandselflessB．strong­mindedbutselfishC．greedyandcruelD．stubbornandselfish答案BCCAeq\x(Step3Post­reading)Afterreadingthepassage，pleasefillinthefollowingblanks.AnexpeditiontotheSouthPolewiththegreatSirErnestShackleton—thisistheadventurethatI1._________(dream)of.However,2._____Iappliedtojointheexpedition，ShackletonturnedmedownbecausehethoughtIwastooyoungandwasn’t3._____(qualify)，soIsecretlywentaboardhisship，theEndurance.LaterI4._______(discover)andShackletonhadtoassignmetobe5.___steward.Thejourneywasn’tveryeasy，forEndurancewasstuckintheiceasweapproachedAntarctica.Andwhentheshipsank，ourheartssankwithit.Beforeweabandonedtheship，Shackleton6_____(calm)toldustorescueourmostessentialsuppliesandhe7._____(he)threwawayallhisgold.HeallowedHusseytokeephisbanjo,8.____madeussurprised.Wehadbeenstrugglingfordays，butthingsweregoingfrombadtoworse.SoonafterwearrivedatElephantIsland，Shackletonleftustofindhelp.Sometimeswewereabletocatchasealorapenguintoeat.Itriedtothinkof9._____(happy)things.Iwasgrateful，forFrankandErnest’sgenuineconcernforothers，theirperseverance，andtheirresolvefilledme10._____hope.1.havebeendreaming2when3qualified4wasdiscovered5a6.calmly7himself8which9happier10witheq\x(Step4Sentence­learning)1．However，whenIappliedtojointheexpedition，ShackletonturnedmedownbecausehethoughtIwastooyoungandwasn’tqualified._____________________________________________________________________2．ButIwassoenthusiasticabouttheideaofgoingalongwiththemthatIsecretlywentaboardhisship，theEndurance，andhidinasmallcupboard._____________________________________________________________________3．Soonafterwearrived，ShackletonleftustofindhelponSouthGeorgiaIsland,1,320kilometresaway—thevoyagewastoodangerousanddifficultforallofustomakeitinoursmallboats._____________________________________________________________________[1句式分析]该句为复合句。Shackletonturnedmedown是主句；when引导时间状语从句；because引导原因状语从句；在原因状语从句中，hethought是主句；Iwastooyoungandwasn’tqualified是宾语从句。[自主翻译]但是，我申请加入这次探险时，沙克尔顿拒绝了我，因为他认为我太年轻，不够资格。2[句式分析]该句为复合句。so...that...如此……以至于……，引导结果状语从句。[自主翻译]但是我对和他们一起去的想法那么热衷，以至于我偷偷上了他的船——“坚忍”号，藏在一个小壁橱里。[3句式分析]此句是复合句。soonafter引导时间状语从句；Shackletonleftustofindhelp是主句；破折号表示解释说明；too...to...意为“太……而不能……”。[自主翻译]我们到达后不久，沙克尔顿就离开我们去1320公里外的南乔治亚岛寻求帮助了，那趟旅行非常危险、非常艰难，我们乘着小船是无法到达的。板块二--拓展训练Ⅰ.阅读理解AJustacoupleofhoursago，Iwasontheplane，readytoflyhomefromLondon.Theflighthadbeendelayedbyafewhourssoitfeltgoodtobesoclosetotakeoff.IhadmyiPodinplaceandanewbooktoread.Then，overtheloudspeakercamethepilot’svoice：“Thegroundcrewhasfoundametalinstrumentinonetire.Weregretthatwemustcancelthisflight.”Thepassengers’reactionsthatannouncementledtowereinteresting.Onemanclosetomebegantoarguewithaflightattendant.Acoupleinanotherrowcomplainedloudly.Abusinessmaninablacksuitactuallykickedtheseatinfrontofhim.Yetsomepassengersrespondeddifferently.Anelderlygentlemansmiledashehelpedotherstaketheirbagsdownfromtheoverheadcompartments(行李厢)．Ateenager，ratherthantryingtorushofftheplanelikemostoftheotherpassengers，stoppedtohelpawomanwithadisability.Theladysittingnexttomelaughedandsaid，“Hey，it’snottheendoftheworld，”beforeshemadeacalltoherkidsandsharedheradventurewiththem.Thewisestamongushavearemarkableabilitytomaintaingroundedwhentimesgettough.Nolifeisperfect；minecertainlyisn’t.Weallmustfacechallenges，bothlargeandsmall.YouandIhavethepowertochoosetoriseabovetheexternalcircumstances.Wealwayshavethechoicetobestrongandkindwhenthingsfallapart.That’sgraceunderpressure.Myseatmatewasright—thingscouldhavebeensomuchworse.Anyway，Iamsafe.Ihavemyhealth.Ihavetwowonderfulchildren.IhaveworkIloveandsomuchtobegratefulfor.SureInowhavetowaitafewhourstocatchthenextflighthome.1．Whatcausedthepassengers’differentreactions?A．Theloudspeaker.B．Thedelayoftheflight.C．Thegroundcrew’sfault.D．Thepilot’sannouncement.2．Whoturnedhisangerontheseat?A．Theteenagerhelpingthedisabled.B．Theoldmantakingbagsdown.C．Themaninadarksuit.D．Themanclosetotheauthor.3．Whatdidthewomansittingnexttotheauthordo?A．Sheassistedadisabledwoman.B．Shemadeaphonecalltoherfamily.C．Shehelpedotherscarrytheirluggage.D．Shetoldmovingstoriestoherchildren.4．Whatcanwelearnfromthestory?A．Ourlifeisfullofupsanddowns.B．Itisnaturaltobescaredunderpressure.C．Weshouldhelpeachotherintimesofdifficulty.D．Weshouldbepositiveandcalmwhenlifeishard.答案DCBDBNoonecandenythatLeBronJamesgetspaidalotofmoney—butnoonecandenythathehasn’tearnediteither.He’sbrokentherecordsofgreatslikeMichaelJordanandMagicJohnson.He’satalent.ProfessionalathleteslikeLeBrongivetheirlivestotheirsport—totraining，traveling，andpushingthemselvestothelimit.Andwhiletheirlivesmayseemglamorous，thinkaboutthis:Athletesfaceinjuriesthatcanbenotonlycareer­endingbutalsolife­changing.Infact，manyretiredathleteshavelong­termhealthproblemsbecauseofhowhardtheypushontheirbodies.RetiredNewYorkJetsplayerWesleyWalkersaidthathesufferedsomuchpainasaresultofplayingfootballthattodayhecanhardlyopenawaterbottle.Thetoll(代价)aprofessionalathlete’scareertakesonhisorherbodymeansmorethanalifetimeofpain(andmedicalbills);italsomeansashortcareer.Athletesneedtopaythepricethatwillcarrythempastthe5to15yearstheyareabletoplay.Withouttheshow­stoppingperformancesofstarslikeSerenaWilliamsandStephenCurry，manyjobswouldn’texist.Sportsreporters，stadiumworkers，cheerleaders，andcoachesareamongthosewhocanthanktheprofessionalsportsindustryfortheiremployment.Itmayseemunfairthatathletesgetpaidtoplayagame，butrememberwhotheyarereallyplayingfor:us.We’retheoneswhofillstadiumsinrainandsnowtowatchtheirgames，whocrowdaroundthetelevisiontocheerthemon，andwhofeelimmeasurablejoywhenourteamwins.Theworkofprofessionalathletescertainlypaysoffforus.Shouldn’titpayoffforthemtoo?5．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“glamorous”inParagraph2probablymean?A．Difficult. B．Tiresome.C．Attractive. D．Organized.6．Whichofthefollowingmaytheauthoragreewith?A．Professionalathleteshavenoideaabouttheirlimits.B．Injuriesareaproblemforprofessionalathletes.C．Retiredprofessionalathletesarebadlytreated.D．Professionalathletes’careersareshort.7．Whatistheauthor’sattitudetoathletes’highsalaries?A．Doubtful. B．Surprised.C．Supportive. D．Unconcerned.8．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．TheMostImpressiveAthletesB．YouCan’tPutaPriceonTalentC．YouShouldn’tPushAthletesHardD．SalariesintheProfessionalSportsIndustry答案CBCBCPeopletendtoacceptgroupsstandardsofbehaviorandthinkinginagroupwork.Manyillustrations(例证)couldbegivenofthisfromeverydaylife，butwhatisofparticularinteresttopsychologistsishowmuchpeople’sjudgmentsandopinionscanbechangedasaresultofgrouppressure.Aschandothersnoticedthatpeopleinagroupwillagreetostatementsthatarecontrarytotheevidenceoftheirsenses.Itwouldbeamistaketothinkthatonlyparticularchangeablepeoplearechosentotakepartinexperimentsofthistype.Usuallyhighlyintelligentandindependentpeopleareused.Inatypicalexperiment，thisiswhatmayhappen.Theexperimenterasksforvolunteerstojoinagroupwhichisinvestigatingvisualsense.Theparticipantsarenot，therefore，awareoftherealpurposeoftheexperiment.Eachvolunteeristakentoaroomwherehefindsagroupofaboutsevenpeoplewhoarecooperatingwiththeexperimenter.Thegroupisshownastandardcardwhichcontainsasingleline.Theyarethenaskedtolookatasecondcard.Thishasthreelinesonit.Oneisobviouslylongerthanthelineonthefirstcard.Oneisshorterandonethesamelength.Theyhavetosaywhichlineonthesecondcardisthesamelengthasthelineonthestandardcard.Theothermembersofthegroupanswerfirstbutwhatthevolunteerdoesnotknowisthattheyhavebeentoldtopickoneofthewronglines.Whenhisturncomes，heisfacedwiththeconsistentopinionoftherestofthegroup—alltheothershavechosenlineA，buthequiteclearlyseeslineBascorrect.Whatwillhedo?AccordingtoAsch，morethanhalfofthevictimschosenwillchangetheiropinion.Whatisequallysurprisingisthat，wheninterviewedabouttheiranswers，mostexplainedthattheyknewthegroupchoicewasincorrectbutthattheyyieldedtothepressureofthegroupbecausetheythoughttheymustbesufferingfromanopticalillusion(视觉假象)，orbecausetheywereafraidofbeingdifferent.9．Thepsychologistsareespeciallyinterestedin.A．theevidenceoftheexperimentB．thechangesintheattitudesofpeopleC．thedifferenceinpeople’sbehaviorD．thedegreeofchangesofpeople’sopinions10．Whymorethanhalfofthevictimschangedtheiropinionsintheexperiment?A．Becausetheyhadbeentoldabouttheanswer.B．Becausetheythoughtthegroupchoicewascorrect.C．Becausetheysubmittedtothegrouppressure.D．Becausetheireyesweresufferingfromillusion.11．Thepurposeoftheauthorinwritingthispassageisto.A．illustratetheinfluenceofgrouppressureonindividualsB．encouragepeopletoactagainstanygroupsopinionC．invitemorevolunteerstojoininAsch’sexperimentD．tellthereadershowtoperformpsychologicalexperiment答案DCAⅡ.七选五TheNighttheTitanicSankFromahighplaceontheship，FredFleet，whoworkedontheTitanic，sawtheiceberg(冰山)justafewhundredmetresaway.Herangthebelltowarnthepeopledrivingtheship.1Soonafterthat，onepassenger，MajorPeuchen，noticedthattheshipwasn’tstraightinthewater.Butnobodylistenedtohim.2