2023学年北京东城55中学高三最后一模英语试题（含答案解析）

2023高考英语模拟试卷注意事项1．考生要认真填写考场号和座位序号。2．试题所有答案必须填涂或书写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。第一部分必须用2B铅笔作答；第二部分必须用黑色字迹的签字笔作答。3．考试结束后，考生须将试卷和答题卡放在桌面上，待监考员收回。第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1．—HaveyouseenJiangWen’smovieLettheBulletsFlyrecently?—Yes.Iittwicelastweek,Athomeandinthetheatre.A．hadenjoyed B．enjoyed C．haveenjoyed D．wasenjoying2．Obamadidn’texplain______anylargerprincipleshaveguidedhimthroughthehistoricconvulsionsofthe2011ArabSpring.A．what B．that C．where D．whether3．Don’tleavethewater______whileyoubrushyourteeth.A．racingB．rushingC．runningD．rolling4．WatchingbasketballgamesonTVathomeisonething,goingtowatchthem________liveisquiteanother.A．perform B．performing C．toperform D．beingperformed5．—Doyou________readyforthespringouting?—No,Istillhavetobuysomefruit.A．everything B．anything C．something D．nothing6．----Therewon’tbeanywheretopark.----Oh,_______.Let’strythesubway.A．that’sarealbargainB．that’sagoodpointC．that’sreallysomethingD．that’sallsettled7．---Ican’tthinkwhyhe_____soangry.Imeantnooffence.---It’stypicalofhimtobesensitive.A．shouldhavebeen B．musthavebeenC．mighthavebeen D．canhavebeen8．Comeoffit!Oversleepingisaslameanexcuseasother.A．one B．eachC．some D．any9．Youcanusealargeplasticsbottle,_________cutoff,asaplottogrowflowersin.A．withitstop B．thetopofwhichC．whosetop D．itstopis10．－I_______inthesamepositiontoolong.Mylegshavefallenasleep.－Shakeitalittlebeforeyougetup.A．willsit B．havesatC．amsitting D．havebeenstting11．—Areyoufreenow?Ihavesomethingimportanttotellyou.—OK,________youmakeitshort.Iwillhavetofinishthisreportbeforenoon.A．nowthatB．assoonasC．everytimeD．aslongas12．—Iwanttolearntennis.Wouldyouliketohelpme?—.Butlearningtennisisnowalkinthepark.A．NokiddingB．NowonderC．NoproblemD．Noway13．I________mycellphonelastnight.Nowthebatteryisrunningout.A．couldhavecharged B．mightchargeC．shouldhavecharged D．wouldcharge14．Thecompanybegantoproducesilkunderwearlastyear,mostof________importedtoEurope.A．itB．themC．thatD．which15．Catherinecamehomehappily,whichsuggestedthatshethefinalexam.A．hadpassed B．pass C．wouldpass D．shouldpass16．IthoughtFatherwouldbebetter,but______itis,heisgettingworse,whichmakesmemoreworried.A．before B．as C．because D．after17．—WouldyoupleasewaitforamomentwhileItelephonethereceptiondesktocheck?—________.A．Iwouldn'tmindthat B．SoundlikefunC．Imeanit D．Youwish18．Aproposalwasputforwardatthemeeting__________thenewcementplantshouldn’tbebuiltneartheschool.A．whenB．whereC．thatD．which19．Sherunsonaverageabout15milesadayeveryday,______thecircumstances.A．whatever B．wherever C．whichever D．however20．Anyonewithaneyeontheemploymentsituationknewtheassessmentabouteconomicrecovery_______justaroundthecornerwascorrect.A．beingB．tobeC．wasD．havingbeen第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。21．（6分）Ifonlythingswerethatsimple.Supportersoftheso-calledStoneAgedietarguethatfarmingpracticesintroducedabout10,000yearsagoareharmfultohumanhealth,andthatweshouldn'teatgrainsorfoodmadefrommilksuchasbutterandcheese.Instead,theysay,weshouldonlyeatplentyofleanmeat(瘦肉)andfish,withfruitandrawvegetablesontheside.Theidea,alsocalledthecaveman,orhunter-gathererdiet,hasbeenaroundfordecadesandwasdiscussedatameetingoftheBritishSocietyforAllergy,EnvironmentalandNutritionalMedicine.AccordingtoLaurenCordain,anutritionistatColoradoStateUniversitywhopresentedtheideatothemeeting,thosefollowingthemeat-centeredmenu“loseweightandgethealthybyeatingthefoodyouweredesignedtoeat”.Hesaysthereisincreasingevidencethatacavemandietcanpreventandtreatmanycommonwesterndiseases.StudiesofislandersinPapuaNewGuineawhostillliveahunter-gathererlifestyleshowtheyrarelysufferfromheartdisease.Butothernutritionistsarguethatcuttingoutwholefoodgroupssuchasgrainsisjustnotagoodidea.“Iwouldrecommendanybodytoeatleanmeatandrawvegetables,”saysToniSteeroftheMRChumannutritionresearchunitatCambridge.Butwhatyou'reaskingpeopletodoiscutoutafoodgroupwhichisgoodforyourhealth.Archaeologistssayit'snotevenclearexactlyhowmuchofthevariousfoodspeopleactuallyateduringtheStoneAge.“TherewasnooneStoneAgediet;dietsofthepastvariedgreatly,”saysJohnGowlett,anarchaeologistattheUniversityofLiverpoolwhoalsoattendedtheconference.PrehistoricpeopleinAfricaprobablyatelessmeatthanmanypeoplethink,hesays,whilethoseinthenorthern,icyareaswereforcedtoeatonlywhateveranimalstheycouldcatch.“I'mnotconvincedthatweknowwhatStoneAgemanate,”agreesAndreMillard,whoresearchesancienthealthanddietatDurhamUniversity.“Theevidencewehaveonlysuggeststhemeatcomponentofthediet.Wegetbonesfromanimalstheyhaveeatenbutwedon'tgettheremainsofanyvegetablestheyhaveeatenbecausetheyrot(腐烂)away.1、Toimproveyourhealth,Cordainsuggests______.A．losingweightfirstB．eatinglessmeatandfishC．goingontheStoneAgedietD．eatingmorefruitandvegetables2、WhatisSteer'sattitudetowardseatinggrains?A．Doubtful.B．Cautious.C．Tolerant.D．Supportive.3、InMillard'sopinion,theevidencefortheStoneAgediet______.A．showsnothingaboutthediet'svegetablecomponentB．tellsusaboutancientpeople'scookingmethodsC．hasproventobereliableandconvincingD．agreeswithhisresearchresults4、Whatdoesthetextmainlydiscuss?A．HowtheStoneAgeevolved.B．WhentheStoneAgedietstarted.C．WhethertheStoneAgedietishealthy.D．WhytheStoneAgetopicisgettingpopular.22．（8分）It’sapparentlybecomeatrendinschoolsaroundtheworldtobanstudentsfromusingtheterm,“bestfriends,”accordingtopsychologistDr.BarbaraGreenberg.Themovement,whichisbelievedtohavestartedinPrinceGeorge'sschoolinSouthLondon,isn'tintendedtodiscourageclosefriendships,butratherencourageawiderfriendgroup,Greenbergsays.“Let’sfaceit.Youcan’tbansomebodyfromhavingacloserelationship,andyoucan’treallybansomebodyfromhavingabestfriendbutwhattheschoolsaretryingtodoisfostertheideaofkidshavingmorethanasinglefriend,”Greenbergsaid.Theideaistoincreasethenumberofinteractionsastudentmayhavewithdifferentmembersofhisorherpeergroup.“Iseekidscomeinallweeklongwhoarefeelingawfulbecausetheyareeithernobody’sbestfriendortheirbestfriendhasmovedon,”Greenbergsays.JayJacobs,whooperatesTimberLakeCampinNewYork,stressesthedownsideofnotfosteringmultiplerelationshipsatayoungage,forexactlythatreason.“Ithinkthatthereareproblemsinjusthavingonefriend,”Jacobssays.“Rememberasyougrowup,interestschange,andchildrengoindifferentdirections.”JacobsaddsthatteachersatTimberLake,whichchangespositionsbetweenGlenCoveinwinterandShandakeinsummer,havemadeitapointtopromoteamoreinclusiveenvironmentforyears.Jacobsremindspeoplethat,“Asyougrowup,interestschange,andchildrengoindifferentdirections,”sohavingonlyonefriendcanberisky.Heholdsthebeliefthatchildrenwillbebettersetupforsuccesslaterinlifeiftheygetusedtohavingawiderfriendgroupatayoungage.“It’saboutpromotingkindness,lookingtochildrentobekindtooneanotherandtobeawareofwhatitlookslikewhenyou’renot,”Jacobssays.1、Whydoschoolsbantheterm“bestfriends”?A．Tomakestudentsconcentrateontheirstudies.B．Toencouragestudentstomakemorefriends.C．Topreventstudentsfromfallinginloveatayoungage.D．Todiscouragestudentsfromhavingacloserelationship.2、WhyaresomekidsfeelingawfulaccordingtoGreenberg?A．Theirbestfriendshavemovedhouse.B．Theyarebannedfrommakingbestfriends.C．Theyareundergreatpressurefromstudy.D．Theirbestfriendshavestartednewfriendships.3、Whatdoestheunderlinedword“downside”inParagraph4probablymean?A．Mistake.B．Difficulty.C．Drawback.D．Burden.4、WhatwouldbeJayJacobs’attitudetoGreenberg’sidea?A．Supportive.B．Doubtful.C．Opposed.D．Unconcerned.23．（8分）CarolineSolomonwasonherhighschool'sswimteam.Butattimesshecouldnotgointothecreek（小溪）nearherhome.Itwassimplytoopolluted."IdecidedIwantedtodosomethingaboutit，"sherecalls.SoshestudiedenvironmentalscienceandpublicpolicyatHarvardUniversityinCambridge.Later，shewenttograduateschool.Someofherclassescouldbechallenging，though，sinceshecouldn'thearherteachers."I'vebeendeafsinceIwas15monthsold，"Solomonnotes.TodaysheteachesbiologyatGallaudetUniversityinWashington，DC．Shehasnotroublecommunicatingwithherstudents.They，too，areprimarilydeaforhardofhearing.That'swhyallclassesatGallaudetaretaughtinAmericanSignLanguage.Solomonalsohasanactivelifeoutsidetheclassroom.Sheespeciallyenjoyshiking，bikingandotheractivitieswithherfamily.HerresearchtakeshertotheAnacostiaRiver."ItisveryclosetoGallaudet，andIeasilybringmystudentsthere，"shesays.Waterrunningthroughlocalforestsandmarshesdrainsintothisriver，sodoeswaterrunningoffurbanstreets，golfcoursesandindustrialsites."Theriver'swatershed（流域）kindofconcentratesallthethingsthathappenwhenhumansmesswiththenaturallandscape，"sheexplains.Notsurprisingly，thisriverhasdevelopedareputationforbeingquitepolluted.Solomonhasbeenfocusingonhowpollutantsaffecttinyorganismsthatformthebaseoftheriver'sfoodweb."Iamnowlookingatthebacteriapopulation，"shesays，"toseewhattypesthereare."Solomonwantstoseemorestudentswhoaredeaforhaveotherdisabilitiesmakeadifferenceinenvironmentalscienceandotherfields.Assheoftensays,"IfIcandoit,youcandoit."1、Whatdoestheunderlinedword"it"inParagraph1referto?A．Solomon'shome.B．Solomon'sschool.C．Thepollutedcreek.D．Thelocalenvironment.2、WhatmadeSolomonstudyenvironmentalscience?A．Herteacher'sinfluence.B．Herphysicalconditions.C．Herteenageexperience.D．Herloveforswimming.3、WhatdoesSolomonthinkofdisabledstudents?A．Theyshouldbeencouragedtoliveactively.B．Theycanmakecontributionsiftheywantto.C．Theyshouldbetreateddifferentlybyothers.D．Theycanbeaburdeniftheyaredependent.4、Inwhichcolumncanyoufindthispassage?A．Environment. B．Education.C．Entertainment. D．Culture.24．（8分）VijayGuptaisknowntoclassicalmusicloversacrosstheUnitedStates.HeservesasfirstviolinistfortheLosAngelesPhilharmonic.Inthatjob,heoftenplaystolargecrowds,includingmanyveryrichpeople.Whenheisnotperforming,heorganizesconcertsforhomelesspeople.'TheyhaveremindedmewhyIbecameamusician,hesaid.Lastweek,GuptawasrecognizedforbeingafounderandtheartisticdirectorofStreetSymphony.Thegrouphasperformedathomelessshelters,jailsandhalfwayhousesforabouteightyears.Guptaisamongthe25winnersofthe2018MacArthurFellowship,commonlyknownasthe“geniusgrant.”Eachwinnerwillreceive$625,000overfiveyearstouseastheywish.Themoneyiscomingfromaprivategroup,theJohnD．andKatherineT.MacArthurFoundation.Itawardsgrants(补助金)topeoplewhoseworkitconsidersexceptionalandthat“inspireshopeinusall.”GuptasaidhegottheideaforStreetSymphonywhileteachingNathanielAyers,atrainedmusicianwhosementalillnessledtohomelessness.The31-year-oldgrantwinnersaidhedoesnotknowyethowhewillspendthemoney.Hehasbeenaperformersinceagesevenandtheawardwillgivehim"spacetobreathe,planandlookahead.”AnotherwinnerisRebeccaSandefur,anassociateprofessorofsociologyandlawintheUniversityofIllinois.TheAssociatedPresssaysherresearchactivelysupportsnewwaystoinvolvepoorcommunitiesintheU.S.justicesystem.47-year-oldSandefurcreatedthefirstnationalmappingofcivillegalaidproviders.Itshowswhichstateshadthefinancialresourcestoprovidesuchaidandwhichdidnot.Shealsofoundthatthecostoflegalservicesisonlyoneofthethingspreventingpoorpeoplefromgettinglawyers.Amongtheothersarefearsaboutunfairnessinthelegalsystem.Sandefurnotedthatalotofattentionhasbeenpaidtoproblemswiththecriminaljusticesystem,butmoreattentionmustbepaidtothecivilsideofthelaw,whichalsoaffectsmillionsofpeople.1、WhydidGuptawintheaward?A．Forhisachievementsinclassicalmusic.B．Forperformingforlargecrowds.C．Fororganizingagroupplayingforthehomeless.D．ForthefriendshipwithNathanielAyers.2、WhatdoweknowaboutMacArthurFellowship?A．Itisfoundedbythegovernment.B．Itoffers$625,000to25winnersin2018.C．Itallowsthewinnerstousethemoneyfreely.D．Itawardspeoplewhomakegreatcontributionstosociety.3、WhatwastheextraordinarythingthatSandefiirdid?A．Shemadeiteasiertogetlegalhelpforthepoor.B．Shemadethelegalsystemfairer.C．Shepaidmoreattentiontothecriminaljusticesystem.D．Sheofferedlegalaidstothepoorfreely.4、Whichcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．Grantswinners,inspiringthepoorB．Thecityhomeless,inneedofhelpC．VijayGupta,anextraordinaryviolinistD．MacArthurFoundation,awardingexceptionalwork25．（10分）ItookdowntheviolinImadeinthepasttwomonths,andwalkedtowardsthefarmlandoutside.Theviolinshinedinthesunlight,andIadmitted,unwillingly,thatitlookedgood.ButIknewitwasamockery(笑柄)ofmyfailuretofindbeauty.“Whatmakesaviolinbeautiful?”Ifirstaskedthisquestionasathree-year-oldchildandnowagainasateenager.WhenIlistenedtoaviolinforthefirsttime,IwassoastonishedbyitsbeautythatIimaginedafairylivinginthewoodenframe.ButfairiesfadedwhenIgrewolder.Iwantedareasonableanswertothequestion.IreferredtoProfessorRuan,myviolinteacher,whointroducedtheviolintome14yearsago.This85-year-oldmanrhapsodizedabout(热烈赞美)thelegendofAntonioStradivari.“Hisviolinsarethemostbeautifulworkshumanhasevercrafted.”“Makeaviolinwithyourownhands,”ProfessorRuansuggested,“Whenyouplayit,you’llknow.”However,whenProfessorRuanintroducedtomeaviolinworkshop,whatIsawwasfarfrommyexpectation.Infrontofmewasafatworker,shirtlessandsunburned,soontobecomemymaster.Whatshockedmemostwasthatthe“master”knewnearlynothingaboutmusic.Hisroughhandshadbeentendingcrops,notinstruments,formostofhislife.Twomonthslater,standingoutsidetheworkshop,Iwasdisappointed.Yes,IjustfinishedorcopiedaStradivariusviolin.ButIdidn’tfindbeautyinit.ThenIrememberedProfessorRuan’swords,“Whenyouplayit,you’llknow.”SoIclosedmyeyes,andfocusedonwheremyfingersandstringstouched.MusicflowedsuddenlysobeautifullythatforamomentIdoubtedmyownears.SlowlyIopenedmyeyes,andwithsurprisefoundthefairyofmychildhoodfantasydancingtomymusic—thetwo-year-olddaughterofthemaster.ProfessorRuanwasright.Ididn’tfindbeautyuntilIplayedmusicwiththeviolin,becausebeautyisn’tintheinstrumentitself.It’sjusthere,deepdown,inourselves.1、Whenhelistenedtoaviolinforthefirsttime,whathappenedtothewriter?A．Hefoundtheviolinlookedbeautiful.B．Hewasastonishedtoseeafairyintheviolin.C．Hebecameinterestedintheviolin.D．Hebegantolearnhowtoplayviolin.2、AfterconsultingProfessorRuan,whatdidthewriterthinkmadeaviolinbeautiful?A．Thepersonwhomakestheviolin.B．Thepersonwhoplaystheviolin.C．Theappearanceoftheviolin.D．Thesoundoftheviolin.3、Whatdidthewriterdointheworkshopduringtwomonths?A．HelistenedtothelegendofAntonioStradivari.B．Hetaughtthemasterknowledgeofmusic.C．Heplayedmusicwiththeviolinforthedaughterofthemaster.D．Hemadehisownviolinwiththehelpofthemaster.4、Whydidthewriterfeeldisappointedwhenhewasoutsidetheworkshop?A．Hecreatedanugly-lookingviolin.B．Hismasterknewlittleaboutmusic.C．Hefailedtofindbeautyintheviolin.D．Hehadtoworkinaterribleworkshop.5、Thetextmainlytellsusthat________.A．musicbringsbeauty B．beautyliesinourheartsC．weshoulddevelopahobby D．teachersareimportanttostudents第三部分语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项．26．（30分）Iamasocialworker.Iwantedtotelleveryoneaboutmyverydearfriendwhopassedawayafewmonthsago.Imethimmanyyearsagowhiledoingmyinternship(实习期)inthecountryprison.Hewas1aprogramhehaddesignedtohelpprisonerswithdrugandalcoholproblems.Hewasalways2newwaystobringhopeandhelptothesemenandtheir3.Oneofhisfavorite4wastheToyDrive.HewouldruneveryChristmasforthechildrenoftheprisoners.Hedidthisfortwentyyears5hissuddendeath.AslastChristmas6，Idecidedthatthistraditionhadtobe7，forthechildrenaswellasthe8ofmyfriend.Butthefilewherehekeptthenamesofthepeoplewhohadbeenhelpedbyhimovertheyearswas9.Ihadtostartanew(重新)andwithverylittle10!Istartedmakingphonecalls,explainingabouttheprojectandmy11.Iprayedeverynightthattheeventwould,12,beworthyofmyfriend.Tomygreat13,individuals,churchesandbusinessesbegantocomeonboardand,14,Ihadenoughtoystogivetoallthechildrenoftheprisonerswithsomeleftoverforthelocalcommunity15!WhenChristmasEvefinallyarrived,Ifeltveryhappy,thinkingIhaddoneallIcoulddoandreflectingonwhata(n)16ithadbeenforme.Iwasbagginguptheremainingtoys17iftherewasanyoneleftwhomightlikethem.Thenmyphonerang.Itwasmydaughter.She18toexplainaboutawomansheknewinKentuckywhohadfivechildren,oneseriouslyill,nohusband,noheatinginthehome,notoys!Oh!Howcouldwenot?MydaughterandIdroveallnight,fromNewYorktoKentucky,andthosechildrenwokeupinanicewarmhousewithplentyof19!Myfriend’s20ofkindnesslivedonthatyear,reachingallthewaytoKentucky!1、A．recordingB．directingC．attendingD．improving2、A．puttingupwithB．keepingupwithC．comingupwithD．catchingupwith3、A．familyB．groupC．companyD．club4、A．eventsB．sportsC．hobbiesD．games5、A．afterB．untilC．becauseD．since6、A．arrivedB．approachedC．followedD．finished7、A．carriedoutB．livedonC．livedoutD．carriedon8、A．benefitB．pleasureC．memoryD．favor9、A．activeB．extraC．missingD．hiding10、A．pressureB．timeC．energyD．confidence11、A．atmosphereB．impressionC．importanceD．difficulties12、A．somehowB．howeverC．otherwiseD．though13、A．curiosityB．disappointmentC．thoughtD．relief14、A．absolutelyB．occasionallyC．eventuallyD．generally15、A．aswellB．inparticularC．oncemoreD．atfirst16、A．burdenB．pityC．honorD．discovery17、A．predictingB．realizingC．evaluatingD．wondering18、A．calledB．cameC．returnedD．drove19、A．chocolatesB．candiesC．flowersD．toys20、A．positionB．spiritC．courageD．attention第二节（每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。27．（15分）TheInternetisanamazinginformationresource.Students,teachers,andresearchersuseitas1．investigativetool.Journalistsuseit2．(find)informationforstories.Doctorsuseittolearnmoreaboutunfamiliardiseasesandthe3．(late)medicaldevelopment.Ordinarypeopleuseitforshopping,banking,bill-paying,andcommunicatingwithfamilyandfriends4．(live)farawayorindifferentpartsofacity.Peopleallovertheworlduseittoconnectwithindividualsfrom5．(differ)countriesandcultures.6．,althoughtherearemanypositivedevelopments7．(associate)withtheInternet,therearealsocertainfearsandconcerns.Oneconcernrelatestoalackofcontrolover8．appearsontheInternet.Withtelevisionandradiothereareeditorstochecktheaccuracyorappropriatenessofthecontentofprograms,andwithtelevisiontherearerestrictionsonwhatkindsofprogramscan9．(broadcast)andatwhattimesoftheday.WiththeInternet,parentscannotcheckapublishedguidetodeterminewhatissuitable10．theirchildrentosee.第四部分写作（共两节）第一节短文改错（满分10分）28．（10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。修改：在错的词下面划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。WeheldadiscussionontheEnglishLearningfeverinChinatheotherday.SomeagreethatEnglishplaysimportantroleinourlives.ItislearningEnglishwhichcanhelpusunderstandtherestoftheworld.BecauseofEnglish,wecantravelabroadwithtourguides,studyabroadandunderstandtheinstructionsofimportgoods.ButotherssaythatnoeveryoneneedstouseEnglishinthefuture.OnlythosewholikeEnglishorneedtouseitforhisworkshouldlearnitenthusiastically.Otherjustneedtolearndailywordsandproperlypronunciation.Personally,Englishisimportant,butconnectingittotestshavebroughttoomuchstresstostudentsandbeentakenawaythedelightoflearningalanguage.第二节书面表达（满分25分）29．（25分）假定你是李华，你和你的留学生朋友Eric约定好下周日一起参加市里举办的中国国画展（thetraditionalChinesepaintingexhibition），但你因故不能赴约．请给他写封邮件，内容包括：1．表示歉意；2．解释原因．注意：1．词数100左右；2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯．3．开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数．DearEric，_