大学英语综合(三) Unit1补充练习

UnitOne BookIIIChoosetheonethatbestcompleteseachsentencefromthefourchoicesgivenbelow.Myparentscouldhardlycomeupwithallthemoneyformetogotocollege,butwemanagedto withmyscholarship.getin B.geton C.getby D.getto Inordertokeepslim,myauntnevereatsmuch,butshe herdietwithavarietypliments B.supplements C.implements D.compensatesYou’dthegardenwithinsecticidetogetridofthepests.spray B.sprinkle C.splash D.scatterThenewdevice, ,hebalance B.inparallel C.onparallel D.onbalanceTheyseldomdineout, anoccasionaldinneratthelocalrestaurant.asidefrom B.besidefrom C.exceptof D.outsideofCaughtrunningawayfromthespot,hewas ofthecrimebythepolice.expected B.doubted C.guessed D.suspectedTobalanceyourincomeandexpense,youneedtosetaproper .budget B.limit C.control D.checkAtthesightofthatbeautifuldress,thepooractresscouldnot thetemptationtostealit.attack B.fight C.resist D.assistSheassuredhermotherthatitwasonlya operationandshewouldbefinesoon.major B.minor C.minute D.minimumIfyou yourmoneyintherealestatemarketnow,I’msureyou’llmakegreatprofits.dedicate B.devote C.invest D.spendBooks withcoloredphotographsareextremelypopularwithsmallchildren.illustrated B.demonstrated C.displayed D.explainedWhilepowerplantsburncoalto electricity,theyarealsopollutingtheair.cause B.create C.invent D.generateIliveinthesuburbandittakesmethreehoursto betweenhomeandofficemunicate B.commute C.travel D.moveTheMississippiRiverformsanatural betweenIowaandIllinois.range B.boundary C.scope D.distanceThesupplyofelectricpowertoMadridandneighboringdistrictshashadtobe .weakened B.pursued C.omitted D.16.Heworkedsolateintheofficelastnightthathehardlyhadtime thelastbus.A.tohavecaught B.tocatch C.catching D.havingcaughtAlthoughalittlegirlofnine,Rosecouldresist whattodoandwhatnottodo.A.tobetold B.havingbeentold C.beingtold D.tohavebeentoldReadingPassage1Telecommuting—substitutingthecomputerfromthetriptothejob—hasbeenhailedasasolutiontoallkindsofproblemsrelatedtoofficework.Forworkersitpromisesfreedomfromtheoffice,lesstimewastedintraffic,andhelpwithchild-careconflicts.Formanagement,telecommutinghelpskeephighperformersonboard,minimizestardiness(缓慢)andabsenteeism(旷工,缺勤)byeliminatingcommutes,allowsperiodsofsolitudeforhigh-concentrationtasks,andprovidesschedulingflexibility.Insomeareas,such as SouthernCaliforniaand Seattle,Washington,local governmentsare encouragingcompaniestostarttelecommutingprogramsinordertoreducerush-hourcongestion(堵塞)andimproveairquality.Butthesebenefitsdonotcomeeasily,MakingatelecommutingprogramworkrequirescarefulplanningandanunderstandingofthedifferencesbetweentelecommutingrealitiespopularimageManyworkersarereducedbyrosyillusionsoflifeasatelecommuter.AcomputerprogrammerfromNewYorkCitymovestothetranquilAdirondackMountainsandstaysincontactwithherofficeviacomputer.Amanagercomesintohisofficethreedaysaweekandworksathometheothertwo.Anaccountantstayshometocareforhersickchild;shehooksuphertelephonemodeconnectionsanddoesofficeworkbetweencallstothedoctor.Thesearepowerfulimages,buttheyarealimitedreflectionofreality.Telecommutingworkerssoonlearnthatitisalmostimpossibletoconcentrateonworkandcareforayoungchildatthesametime.Beforeacertainage,youngchildrencannotrecognize,muchlessrespect,thenecessaryboundariesbetweenworkandfamily.Additionalchildsupportisnecessaryiftheparentistogetanyworkdone.Management,too,mustseparatethemythfromthereality.Althoughthemediahaspaidagreatdealofattentiontotelecommuting,inmostcasesitisthesituation,nottheavailabilityoftechnology,that)atelecommutingarrangement.Thatispartlywhy,despitethewidespreadpresscoverage,thenumberofcompanieswithwork-at-homeprogramsorpolicyguidelinesremainssmall.Whatisthemainsubjectofthepassage?Businessmanagementpolicies.Drivingtowork.Extendingtheworkplacebymeansofcomputers.Computersforchild-carepurposes.Whatarethecommonproblemsforofficeemployees?Beingrestrictedtotheoffice.Takingcareofsickchildren.Drivinginheavytraffic.Allofthem.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasaproblemforemployersthatispotentiallysolvedbytelecommuting?Employees’latenessforwork.Employees’absencefromwork.Employees’needfortimealonetoworkintensively.Employees’conflictswithsecondjobs.Whatisthepossibledisadvantageoftelecommuting?Smallchildrencannotunderstandtheboundariesofworkandplay.Computertechnologyisnotadvancedenoughtoaccommodatetheneedsofeverysituation.Electricalmalfunctionscandestroyaproject.Theworkeroftendoesnothavealltheneededresourcesathome.Whichofthefollowingisanexampleoftelecommutingasdescribedinthepassage?Ascientistinalaboratorydevelopingplansforaspacestation.Atechnicalwritersendingviacomputerdocumentscreatedathome.Acomputertechnicianrepairinganofficecomputernetwork.Ateacherdirectingcomputer-assistedlearninginaprivateschool.Passage2ThroughaseriesofexperimentsanAmericanscientisthasobtainedanunderstandingofthesocialstructureofthemostcomplexofantsocieties.Theantsexaminedaretheonlycreaturesotherthanmantohavegivenuphuntingandcollectingforacompletelyagriculturalwayoflife.Intheirundergroundneststheycultivategardensonsoilmadefromfinelychoppedleaves.Thisisacomplexoperationrequiringconsiderabledivisionoflabour.Theworkersofthistypeofantcanbedividedintofourgroupsaccordingtosize.Eachofthegroupsperformsaparticularsetofjobs.Themakingandcareofthegardensandthenursingoftheyoungantsaredonebythesmallestworkers.Slightlylargerworkersareresponsibleforchoppingupleavestomakesuitableforuseinthegardensandforcleaningthenest.Athirdgroupofstilllargerantsdotheconstructionworkandcollectfreshleavesfromoutsidethenest.Thelargestarethesoldierants,responsiblefordefendingthenest.Tofindouthowgoodthevarioussize-groupsareatdifferenttasks,thescientistmeasuredtheamountofworkdonebytheantsagainsttheamountofenergytheyused.Heexaminedfirstthegatheringandcarryingofleaves.Heselectedoneofthesize-groups,andthenmeasuredefficientlytheseantscouldfindleavesandrunbacktothenest.Thenherepeatedtheexperimentforeachoftheothersize-groups.Inthiswayhecouldseewhetheranygroupcoulddothejobmoreefficientlythanthegroupnormallyundertakingit.Theintermediate-sizedantsthatnormallyperformthistaskprovedtobethemostefficientfortheirenergycosts,butwhenthescientistexaminedthewholesetofjobsperformedbyeachgroupofantsitappearedthatsomesizesofworkerantswerenotideallysuitedtotheparticularjobstheyperformed.Inwhatwayaretheantsdifferentfromothernon-humansocieties?Theydonotneedtosearchforfood.Theydonotneedtolookforshelter.Individualsvaryinsocialstatus.Individualsperformdifferentfunctions.Itseemsthatsmallerantsperformmoreofthe .constructiontasks B.defensiveworkC.domestictasks D.heavyworkgood(Line1,Para.3.)erationinworkingsenseofresponsibilityefficiencyinworkingwillingnesstoworkhardTheworkwasbasedon .occasionalobservationssystematicobservationsobservationsofseveralnestsobservationsofundisturbednestsTheorganizationoftheantshastheeffectof .gettingthemostworkdonedividingtheworkupsystematicallyeachanthelpingwithallthetaskseachantdoingwhatitcandobestBankedclozeIamoneofthemanycitypeoplewhoarealwayssayingthatgiventhechoicewewouldprefertoliveinthecountryawayfromthedirtandnoiseofalargecity.IhavemanagedtoconvincemyselfthatifitwerenformyjobIwould1headouttheopenspacesandgobacktonatureinsomesleepyvillageburiedinthecountry.Buthowrealisticisthedream?Citiescanbefrighteningplaces.Themajorityofthepopulationliveinmassivetowerblocks,noisy,dirtyandimpersonal.Thesenseof 2 toacommunitytendstodisappearwhenyoulivefifteenfloorsup.Allyoucanseefromyourwindowisorotherblocksofflats.Childrenbecomeaggressiveandnervous–coopedupathomeallday,withnowheretoplay;theirmothers feel3 fromtherestoftheworld.Strangely4 ,whereasinthepasttheinhabitantsofonestreetallkneweachother,nowadayspeopleonthesamefloorintowerblockdon’tevensayhellotoeachother.Countrylife,ontheotherhand,5 fromthiskindofisolatedexistenceinthatasenseof