Unit 3 War and peace Section A Starting out Understanding ideas（重点练）-高一英语新外研版选择性必修第三册

Unit3WarandpeaceSectionAStartingout&Understandingideas（重点练）一、阅读理解ThemostfamouswarmoviesreflecttheAmericanpublic'scontinuousfascinationwithWorldWarIIandtheVietnamWar.Manymoviesofthiskindhavebeenwell-receivedwhentheywerefirstshown,butfewofthemhaveenjoyedlastingfameandpopularity.Thefilmsonthelistofthefivemostfamouswarmoviesstillremainfreshandarepopularamongmanypeople.TheLongestDayAnall-starcastrecreatesD-DayandtheNormandyattack,thegreatestlandingandaerial(空中的)invasioninhistory.Thisisprobablythemostfamouswarmoviebecauseofthelargenumberofbigstarswhohaverolesinthefilm.ApocalypseNowThisisafamouswarmoviebecauseofitsdescriptionoftheVietnamWarandexcellentperformancefromMarlonBrando,MartinSheenandRobertDuvall.Thefilm,fullofmemorablescenesandquotes,iswidelyviewedasamasterpieceofmoviemaking.TheDirtyDozenLeeMarvin,playinganofficerwhothinksandactsindependently,isappointedtotraintwelveprisoners,mostofwhomhavebeensentencedtodeath,togoonasuicidemissiontokillseveralNazigenerals.Ifanyofthemenmakesitback,theymaygetapardon.Thisisoneofthemostpopularwarmoviesevermade.PlatoonThisfamouswarmovieisthefictionalaccountofaplatoon(排)inVietnamthatisdividedintotwocompetinggroups.TheplotispartlybasedonthedirectorOliverStone'sreallifeexperience.MidwayThisisprobablythemostfamouswarmovieevermadeaboutnavy.It'sbasedonthebattlebetweenJapaneseandAmericanaircraftcarriergroupsnearHawaiiinWorldWarIIthatresultedinadecisiveAmericanvictory.（1）Whatarethemostimportantthemesofthemoviesmentionedabove?A.WorldWarIIandtheVietnamWar.B.CompetitionsintheVietnamWar.C.FightsbetweenNazigeneralsandsoldiers.D.D-DaylandingandtheNormandyattack.（2）Thetextismeantto________.A.describefivemostfamousmoviepostersB.choosethebestwarmovieamongthefiveC.introducefivemasterpiecesofAmericanfilmsD.celebratethesuccessofthefiveAmericanfilms（3）Whatcanweinferfromtheunderlinedsentence?A.Theprisonerswillbepunishediftheyfail.B.Theprisonersmightbewillingtohaveatry.C.Theprisonersmightbescaredandrunaway.D.TheprisonershavetotakeNazigeneralsback.二、七选五根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。ComparedtothehistoryofChina,thehistoryoftheUnitedStatesisquiteshort.________

In1776,13colonies（殖民地）locatedontheeasterncoastofNorthAmericadeclaredindependenceandfoughtarevolutionagainsttheBritish.In1783thecolonistswontherevolutionandgainedtheirindependence.Aftertherevolution,theUnitedStatesboughtalargesectionofcountryfromNapoleonofFrance.Thispurchasedoubled（加倍）thesizeoftheUnitedStates.________

Ifhehadn'tneededthatmoney,theUnitedStatesmighthavestayedasmallcountry.TexasandmostofwhatisnowthesouthwesternpartoftheUnitedStatesbelongedtoMexico.ThepeopleofTexasfoughtarevolutionagainstMexico.________

Later,theUnitedStatesandMexicowenttowar.IfMexicohaddefeatedtheUnitedStatesinthatwar,CaliforniaandNewMexicowouldhavebeenpartofMexicotoday.TheBritishandtheAmericansbothclaimedthenorthwesternpartofthecountry.Theysettledtheirdifferenceswithacompromise.Southofthe49thparallelwastheUnitedStates.Northofthe49thparallelwasCanada.In1861onehalfoftheUnitedStatesdidgotowarwiththeotherhalf.________

PresidentLincolnwantedtofreeslaves.HewassupportedbytheNorthbutopposedbytheSouth.TheSouthwantedtoseparatefromtherestofthecountryandbecomeindependent.________FollowingtheCivilWar,theUnitedStatesboughtAlaskafromRussia.Todayitisthelargeststateinthecountryandaveryimportantone,too.A.ThiswastheCivilWar.B.ItwascontrolledbyEnglandthen.C.Itbeganlittlemorethan200yearsago.D.After4yearsofwar,theSouthwasdefeated.E.NapoleonneededmoneyforhisEuropeanwars.F.TheybecameindependentandjoinedtheUnitedStates.G.Atthattimemanypeopledidn'tthinkAlaskawasimportant.三、语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Itwasthespringof1943duringWorldWarⅡ.Standingamonghundredsofnew________(soldier)atCampGrant,Sam,just18yearsold,waitedasatruckslowlydroveby.________

fullfieldpackwasrandomlythrowntoeachsoldier.Samreceived________

(he).Afterheopenedthepackandlookedatthethingsinit,hewasgreatly________(astonish).Hefoundhislastname,Litrenti,wasmarkedoneachthinginhispack."Howstrange!"Samthought.Hedidn'tthinktheone________

threwthefieldpacktohimknewwhohewas.SowhywasSam'slastnamemarkedonthethings?Youmaynotbelieveit,butitwasthefieldpackthathisfather________(use)duringWorldWarI.Sam________(certain)didn'tknowthatwhenhereceivedit.Itwasn'tuntilafterthewar________

hefoundoutwhy.Afterthewar,hetalked________thatwithhisfather.After________

(talk)forawhile,Sam'sfatherbecamesurethatthepackoncebelongedtohim.Boththefatherandthesoncouldn'tbelievethat!Whatacoincidence!

答案解析一【答案】（1）A（2）C（3）B【解析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了没醉最杰出的五部反映二战和越战的经典战争片。（1）考查细节理解。

根据第一段中的“ThemostfamouswarmoviesreflecttheAmericanpublic'scontinuousfascinationwithWorldWarIIandtheVietnamWar．”可知最著名的电影反映的是美国对第二次世界大战和越南战争的迷恋．故所提电影的主题基本都是和二战以及越南战争．故选A。（2）考查写作意图。

浏览全文可知，本文主要是对美国非常出色的五部电影做了简介．故选C。（3）考查推理判断。根据TheDirtyDozen部分中的“Ifanyofthemenmakesitback,theymaygetapardon.”

如果他们能够完成任务归来，那么就能赦免他们的罪．因此可推断出罪犯都有可能想尝试一下．故选B。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和写作意图三个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，概括归纳，从而选出正确答案。二【答案】C；E；F；A；D【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了美国的独立战争、殖民历史和南北战争等内容。（1）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空前“

ComparedtothehistoryofChina,thehistoryoftheUnitedStatesisquiteshort.”与中国的历史相比，美国的历史是相当短暂的。；再根据空后“In1776,13colonies（殖民地）locatedontheeasterncoastofNorthAmericadeclaredindependenceandfoughtarevolutionagainsttheBritish.”在1776年，位于北美东海岸的13个殖民地宣布独立，并与英国进行了一场革命。C.Itbeganlittlemorethan200yearsago.“它开始于200多年前”，承上启下，故选C。（2）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空前“Aftertherevolution,theUnitedStatesboughtalargesectionofcountryfromNapoleonofFrance.Thispurchasedoubled（加倍）thesizeoftheUnitedStates.”美国向法国购买了大片土地；以及空后“

Ifhehadn'tneededthatmoney,theUnitedStatesmighthavestayedasmallcountry.”如果他不需要这笔钱，美国可能仍然是一个小国家。E.NapoleonneededmoneyforhisEuropeanwars.“拿破仑在欧洲战争中需要钱”。承上启下，故选E。（3）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空前“TexasandmostofwhatisnowthesouthwesternpartoftheUnitedStatesbelongedtoMexico.ThepeopleofTexasfoughtarevolutionagainstMexico.”德克萨斯州和现在大部分的美国西南部原属于墨西哥。德克萨斯人民与墨西哥进行了一场革命。F.TheybecameindependentandjoinedtheUnitedStates.“他们独立并加入了美国”。是上文的延续，讲述德克萨斯归属美国的历史。故选F。（4）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空前“In1861onehalfoftheUnitedStatesdidgotowarwiththeotherhalf.”1861年，美国的一半与另一半开战。A.ThiswastheCivilWar.“这就是美国内战。”承接上文，都是讲美国内战。故选A。（5）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空前“TheSouthwantedtoseparatefromtherestofthecountryandbecomeindependent.”南方想要脱离这个国家的其他地区，独立出来。D.After4yearsofwar,theSouthwasdefeated.“经过4年的战争，南方被打败了。”说明这场战争的结果。故选D。【点评】本题要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。三【答案】soldiers；A；his；astonished；who/that；used；certainly；that；about；talking【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，第二次世界大战期间，18岁的山姆意外巧合拿到了自己父亲的野战包。（1）考查名词。句意：18岁的山姆站在格兰特军营数百名新兵中间，等着一辆卡车缓缓驶过。soldie